高考英语之定语从句精讲

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载句子：简单句:句子成分为词或词组Isawabeautifulbirdinthetreeyesterday.并列句：由两个或以上简单句由连词but，and,or等连接(句子成分仍为词或词组)Isawabeautifulbirdinthetreeyesterday,butIdon’tknowitsname.复合句：句子的一个或以上的句子成分由句子构成定语从句概述在复合句中起_________作用，修饰_______、_________或________的从句。从句用______语序Ilovegirlswho↑arebeautiful.↓↓↓____词____词从句谓语取决于______词↓作用:（1）______（2）__________________________(1)I,who______yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.(be)(2)Ilikethegirlwho________.A.doesIteachB.doIteachC.didIteachD.Iteach分类1、限制性定语从句：__逗号，________非限制性定语从句：____逗号，__________注：关联词______和_________不用于非限，疑问词_____、_______及___________不用于定语从句。Shehasason.________worksinBeijing.A.WhomB.WhoC.HeD.ThatShehasason,and________worksinBeijing.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.heShehasason,_______worksinBeijing.A.whomB.whoC.whereD.he(4)Shehasason________worksinBeijing.A.whomB.whoC.whereD.heHetoldmeastoryyesterday,______Ithinkisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.what（6）【2012全国卷II】⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.which C.what D.when2.________定语从句中作______的________词可省（1）Ilikethehouse______Iboughtlastweek.A.whereB.whenC.\D.as(三）定语从句关联词的选择1、选择三部曲：_______，__________，__________关联词指代成分：关系代词whowhomwhichthatwhoseas关系副词wherewhenwhy(1）Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,_____producedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where(2)【2012陕西】14.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,____hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whatwho(作宾)不能代whom的情况：________（________________________________________）__________(1)Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,neitherof_____wantedtobuyit.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom(2)Thisismyfriend,_____Imetyesterday.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom(3)【2012山东】23.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof___havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what(4)【2012四川】13.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem3、whosen.=______________________(用于先行词为人时)\____________________(用于先行词为物时)(1)Doyouknowtheboy,thefather______isanengineer?A.ofwhomB.forwhomC.inwhomD.towhom(2)Helivesinahousethewindows______facesouth.A.ofwhichB.forwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich(3)Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.（2011江西卷） A.forwhich B.withwhich C.ofwhich D.towhich(4)2012天津7.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without___helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which(5)Theprizewillgotothewriter______storyshowsthemostimagination.(2011全国卷I)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.whatwho,whom,which与that的区别=1\*GB3①先行词为人加物,只能用________(1).Doyouknowthethingsandpersons______theyaretalkingabout?A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that=2\*GB3②先行词为代词:指物只用______；指人只用_______(1)He______makesnomistakeisnotareallyman.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.who(2)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse'sfault.A.whoB.whatC.asD.that(3)Isthereanyone_________canhelpme?A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom(4)Heboughttwocatsyesterday.NowIcanseethetwo________areplayinginthegarden.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom③先行词在主句中作表语且关联词在从句中也作表语用________(1)Shanghaiisnolongerthecity________itusedtobe.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.that=4\*GB3④先行词为最高级、序数词或被其修饰，用________(1)Thisisthebest_______hasbeenusedagainstpollution.A.asB.whatC.whichD.that(2)Thisisthemostinterestingfilm_______I'veeverseen.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom(3)WhatisthefirstAmericanfilm________youhaveseen?A.asB.whatC.whichD.that=5\*GB3⑤先行词由theonly,last,little等修饰，用__________(1)Theonlything_________wecandoistogiveyousomemoney.A.asB.whenC.whichD.that⑥therebe句型中，先行词为人用__________，物用__________。Thereisabookonthedesk_______belongstoFrank.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whomThereisaperson______wantstoseeyou.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom⑦代句用__________（1）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.（2011全国卷II）A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which⑧___________1)Istillremembertheproblem________thatwordgiveme.A.asB.whoseC.whichD.that2).Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,_____producedthings________couldcausepollution.A.which,thatB.which,\C.who,whichD.where,that6、which与as区别=1\*GB3①which----在_____________________________As-----在限中________________但一般要与_________________等连用,在非限中_______________________，常见句型有：______________________________________________________________等句型（22）Thisisthesameknife________Ilost.这是我丢的刀。A.thatB.whichC.\D.asThisisthesameknife_____________Ilost.这个和我丢的刀一样。A.thatB.whichC.\D.asHewaslateagain,_____madetheteacheranger.A.whereB.whichC.\D.asHereissobigastone________noonecanlift.A.whereB.whichC.\D.asHereissobigastone________noonecanliftit.A.thatB.whichC.\D.asHecamehereverylate,____wasunexpected.A.thatB.whichC.\D.as______isknowntoall,TaiwanisthepartofChina.A.thatB.whichC.\D.as=2\*GB3②as从句可放于句子的________________，which从句__________________11、【2012福建】23.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what=3\*GB3③as一般译为“_____________”，which一般译为“_______________”7.关联词为when/where/why先行词一定为时间/地点/reason，但先行词一定为时间/地点/reason，关联词不一定为when/where/why。(1)Thisisthefarm_________________Ilived.(2)Thisisthefarm________________Ilivedon.(3)Thisisthefarmon__________________Ilived.(4)【2012江西】28.By16:30,____wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that（5）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.（2011山东卷） A.they B.where C.what D.that（6）Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.（2011江苏卷） A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which（7）Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.（2011安徽卷）A.when B.which C.where D.while8.where有时也可指代_______________________________________________等表示情况方面处境的词（1）Theyhavereachedthepoint______theyhavetoseparatewitheachother.A.thatB.whichC.\D.where（2）【2012重庆】29.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where7、关系副词=_________________________1)where=____________________________2)when=________________________3)why=______________________（1）Thisisthefarm________________Ivisitedyesterday.（2）Doyouknowthereason_______heisabsent?A.asB.whichC.whyD.where(3)Thisisthereason______Itoldtomyteacherformymistake.A.asB.whichC.whyD.where特殊用法定语从句修饰一个句子，并且关联词在从句中作主语时，谓语用___________。(1)Hehaspassedtheexamination,which_____hisparentsquitehappy.A.madeB.makeC.makesD.making2、分裂定从（1）Iwastheonlypersonintheoffice_______wasinvited.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.where（2）AtpresentIwastheonlypersonintheoffice_______Iinvitedto.whoB.whomC.whichD.where3.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.(2011上海) A.which B.where C.when D.as强调句与定语从句（1）Itistheplace__________________hewasbornin.（2）Itistheplace___________________hewasborn.（3）Itisintheplace_______________hewasborn.（4）—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_________weworked.（2007山东卷）A．thatB．thereC．whichD．where课堂练习1.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.（2011北京卷）A.who B.which .what D.that2.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.（2011浙江卷）A.which B.what C.them D.those3.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.（2011浙江卷）A.when B.that C.where D.there4.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.（2011天津卷）A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which5.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.（2011陕西卷）A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that课后作业6.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.(2011湖南卷) A.whoB.whomC.whichD.That20107.【全国卷一】24Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool，_______isnamedafterhisgrandfather．AwhichBwhere Cwhat D.that8.【北京卷】27.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that9.【湖南卷】28.I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.who B.where C.whenD.which 10.【江苏卷】32.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork. A.thatB.itC.whatD.which11.【江西卷】31.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcenterwithhersister_______shewouldstayforanhour. A.where B.who C.which D.what12.【山东卷】24.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what13.【陕西卷】11.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose【四川卷】10．Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotraveling，______turnedouttobeawisedecision．A．thatB．whichC．whenD．where12.【天津卷】8.CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?Youshouldtrythebarber’s______Igo.It’sonly15. A.asB.whichC.whereD.that13.【浙江卷】3.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof__lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those14.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.（2007上海卷）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it15.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______hewentontoBeijingA.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat16.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer________sheheededtodecisionwhattodo.（2007江西卷）A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where17.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoaday