定语从句最终版

定语从句专题讲练Stepone自主探究=1\*ROMANI.基本定义回顾定语从句：用来修饰名词或代词的句子。分为限制性与非限制性定语从句。注意：定语从句必须有主语和谓语动词。限制性定语从句常翻译为“……的”。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫_________,引导定语从句的词叫做________，包括__________和__________。Forexample:Thisisourschool,whereweliveandstudyeveryday.(非限制性定语从句)Thisisourschool(that/which)weareproudof.(限制性定语从句)=2\*ROMANII.关系词关系词指代充当成分关系代词that人或物主（宾）which物主（宾）who人主（宾）whom人宾语whose+n人或物定语关系副词where地点状语（不可省略）when时间why原因注意：关系词的3大作用：1.连接（连接主句与定语从句）2.替代（替代前面的先行词）3.成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）Eg.Iknowthemanwho/thatwearahat.(连接主从句，替代先行词theman,在定从中做主语)=3\*ROMANIII.定语从句解题三步骤：1.找出先行词2.判断成分：确定先行词在从句中的成分（主语，宾语，状语）3.选择正确的关系词注意：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分Let’shaveatry.=1\*GB3①.请找出下面句子中的定语从句,并判断其成分：ImetMarywholookedverysad.Theoldmanwhomyoutalkedtoyesterdayismyuncle.Thisisthepenwhichhegaveme.TheroomwhereIstudyisverycoolinsummer.=2\*GB3②.关系词：1.who,whom先行词为人，定语从句缺主语用who/that;缺宾语，用who/whom/that(介词后指人用whom)，可省略。Eg.Heistheboy___________survivedintheearthquake.Hereistheman________________youarelookingfor.2.whose先行词指人/物；在定语从句中做定语，表所属关系，后面常跟名词，翻译为“……的”Eg：Helivesinahouse,_________________windowfacesthesea.HisnameisTom,____________________motherisadoctor.归纳：whose+n=the+n+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the=n3.when,where,why在定语从句中做状语；通常不可省略，常可换成“介词+关系代词”Eg:Thisisthehouse_____________Ilive.Hedidn’tknowthereason_____________hewasdismissed.=4\*ROMANIV.考点与难点归纳：1.that与whichthat指人/物；which指物；均可充当定语从句中的主语跟宾语，做宾语时可省略(which前有介词不能省略)；Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.=1\*GB2⑴只用that不用which=1\*GB3①.先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时；=2\*GB3②.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；=3\*GB3③.先行词被thevery,theonly等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that;=4\*GB3④.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that;=5\*GB3⑤.当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。Eg:Whichisthebookthatyoulikebest?(2)只用which不用that=1\*GB3①.放在介词后，指物=2\*GB3②.用于非限制定语从句中Errorcorrection.Let’shaveatry!=1\*GB3①ThisisthebestbookwhichIwanttoread.=2\*GB3②That’sallwhichIwanttosay.=3\*GB3③Isthereanythingwhichyouwantinthisshop?=4\*GB3④Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbookswhich/whowereknowntousall.=5\*GB3⑤Theroominthatshelivesisalargeone.2．介词+关系代词怎样来确定介词？一先二动三意义根据先行词确定介词。Eg.Thebookwhere/inwhichIfoundmanyinterestingstoriesisnice.Thepenwithwhichhewritesislost.Thepaper__________heiswritingismadefrombamboo.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.withwhichD.onwhich二动：根据定从中的谓语动词确定介词。1.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson________shecouldturnforhelp.

A.towhomB.whomC.fromwhomD.that2.It’saprison____noonecanescape.

A.towhichB.towhomC.fromwhichD.fromwhom(3)三意义：根据定从的意思来确定介词。Theglasses_____Ican’tseeanythingarelost.

A.withwhichB.withwhomC.withoutwhichD.withoutwhom注意：

a.某些含有介词的动词短语不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter;takecareof,consistof,listento等。b.介词+关系代词：

指人时用whom，不可用who或that;

指物时用which，不能用that；Eg.Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.

TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.c.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,both,neither,all,none,most,each,few等代词或数词，表部分关系。结构是：some/any/both/neither/all/none/most/60%/9…+of+whom(人)/which（物）

eg:(1)Thereare72studentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefromcountryside.

(2)Tomhas5referencebooks,noneofwhomisuseful.3.theway/reason做先行词Way做先行词：定语从句缺主语：which/that定语从句缺宾语：which/that/省略定语从句缺状语：inwhich/that/省略

(1).Theway（_________________heexplainedthesentencetous）wasnotdifficulttounderstand.（缺？）(2).Theway（_________________heexplainedtous）wasquitesimple.(缺？)Reason做先行词：定语从句缺主语：which/that定语从句缺宾语：which/that/省略定语从句缺状语：why/forwhich/省略Thereason_______________hegaveyouwasreasonable.Thereason_______________hewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchthebus4.as/that/whichEg.(1)Itissuchabigstone_________nobodycanlift.(2)Itissuchabigstone__________nobodycanliftit.(3)___________isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.(4)Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyinthaoffice.as前通常与so,such,thesame搭配，即构成so…as,such…as,thesame…as结构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。thesame….as(不同物)，thesame….that(同一物)as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。5.先行词是timeTime表次数，用that引导定语从句，可省略作一段时间，时代；作状语，用关系副词when或at/during+which引导定从Eg.Thisisthesecondtime(that)thePresidenthasvisitedthecountry.这是总统第二次访问这个国家了。Thiswasatatimeswhen/duringwhichtherewerenoradios,notelephonesorTVsets.这是在一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。Let’shaveatry.Thisisthesecondtime_________________Ihavebeenhere.Canyoustillrememberthetime__________________wespenttogetherinourchildhood?Thefirsttime_______________hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.6.特殊句型（1）.Isthismuseum_____wevisitedlastweek?

Isthisthemuseum_____wevisitedlastweek?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone解析：变为陈述句：ThismuseumisDwevisitedlastweek.

ThisisthemuseumA/B/不填wevisitedlastweek.（2）.Heisoneoftheboysinourclasswho________goodatsinging.

Heistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswho________goodatsinging.A.isB.areC.wasD.were注意：Oneof+名词复数,后面的定语从句谓语动词用复数；但当oneof前有修饰词如theonly,thevery等修饰时后面定语从句谓语动词用单数。6.对where的考察Where：如果定语从句分别修饰point,case,situation,condition,position和part等表虚拟地点的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”1.I’vecometothepoint_________Ican’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation_____________awarwillbreakoutatanytime.7.综合句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句的区分Where/that（1）Thisisthelibrary____________Iborrowedthebook.（2）Itisfromthislibrary____________Iborrowedthebook.综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句that/which(1).Weallhaveheardthenews________ourteamwonthematch.(2).Wedon’tbelievethenews_________hetoldusyesterday.综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich先行词表地点，关系词有时用where,有时用that/which;

先行词表时间，关系词有时用when，有时用that/which;主要看：从句成分是否完整；

完整的话用where/when;不完整(缺主语,

宾语)的话用that/which。Eg:Thisistheparkthat/which/不填wevisitedlastweek.

Thisistheparkwhere/inwhichweholdapartylastweek.Steptwo合作探究注意一个难点：先行词为时间、地点时引导词的使用：用关系代词和关系副词。(1)—Doyourememberthedays___weworkedonthefarm?—Certainly,especiallythehardtimes___wespenttogether?A.which;whenB.when;whichC.when;whenD.which;which(2)Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.whyB.whereC.whichD.that解析：把从句补充完整inthefamilytheparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.显然，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词。解题口诀：遇到时间和地点，判断成分是关键，主语、宾语用关代，状语才能用关副。注意标点.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors;_____arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat.3.注意看准谁是先行词Theriverinthepicturebroughtthedaysbacktotheold_____theyswaminit.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.there句意：温馨提示：一般情况下，定语从句紧跟着先行词，可有时，定从用与先行词之间插入了另外的内容，不要误把插入内容当成先行词。注意原因Hecouldn’tgiveusagoodreason_____hewasabsent.将从句补充完整：Thereason_____hegivesusforhisabsenceseemedunreasonable.将从句补充完整：温馨提示：先行词是reason时，若引导词在从句中作状语，用_________________;若作主语或宾语，用_________________.注意区分定语从句和状语从句。---Mom,whatdidthedoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolive______theairisfresher.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where试题特征：解题诀窍：重要提示：解决定语从句的三种方法方法1：先行词还原法1.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which解析：把先行词thestudents代入定语从句后为_____________________________________________________________________方法2.：三步分析法Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_______isnamedafterhisgrandfather.whichB.whereC.whatD.That三步分析法：方法3：固定搭配法Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_____wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhichStepthree高考链接1.（2014四川卷）Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,_________isquiteunexpected.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.it2.(2013四川卷)Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment_________theylive.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where3.(2012四川卷)Inourclassthereare46students,____________halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem4.(2011四川卷)Theschoolshop,____________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedforholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where5.(2010四川卷)Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,_________turnedouttobeawisedecision.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where6.(2014江西卷,28)Amongthemanydangers_________sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.when7.(2014陕西卷,13)Pleasesendusalltheinformation__________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what8.(2014北京卷,26)IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,___________myclassmatesrecommendedtome.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where9.(2014安徽,22)Theexactyear___________AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which10.(2014湖南,31)Iamlookingforwardtotheday_________mydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.A.asB.whyC.whenD.where11.(2014.江苏，22)Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork__________agoodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where12.(2014浙江，5)Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,___________Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why13.(2014福建卷31)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities____________theycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where14.(2013天津6)Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,___________isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what15.(2013重庆24)Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof_________arefamilymembers.A.themB.thatC.whichD.who