押长沙卷第56-60题 知识运用之阅读表达（原卷版）-备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题

押湖南卷第56-60题知识运用之阅读表达（长沙卷）【题型概述】分析湖南近3年各地市中考英语真题可知,回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200-260词，一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题，其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多，少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。【阅读策略】此类题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生能够用自己的语言简要地回答有关问题;既考查考生的阅读理解能力，也考查考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。另外，对考生的拼写能力、语法掌握能力也提出了一定的要求,再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言,加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩,好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。本题型答题应注意以下五点:、在答题前，先快速浏览短文之后的问题。以便于在阅读的时候，有意识地留意文中出现的与问题有关的信息。二、认真细读全文及所给图表，了解短文及图表中的细节内容，包括人物、时间、地点、内容、原因、数量、结果及图片各个要素之间的关系等,即who,when,where,what,why,howmany,how等基本要素信息,并作出不同的标记，以备答题时一目了然，提高答题速度和效率。三、仔细阅读问题，在理解题意的基础上，从文中或图片中提取所需要的信息进行逐一回答，此时一定要注意图片之间的内在联系，读懂图片以后，再认真组织语言，注意书写的清晰度与准确性，注意语言表达的逻辑性和严密性。四、对于具有归纳与总结性的问题，需要对所给图文中的信息材料进行甄别与筛选，综合相关信息进行必要的转换、归纳和概括。五、对于开放性试题，考生一定要读懂题意，搞清楚问什么，有几个问题，防止遗漏。此类试题一般都和文章的话题相关，对于考生来说并不陌生。重要的是要注意回答问题的人称和时态等。比如问过去的事情用一般过去时，表达自己或他人对某事的观点用一般现在时;人称上尤其要注意第三人称单数形式。要求考生读完一篇文章后,根据文中相关内容,完成相关的填空题。这种阅读在形式上灵活多样,内容上丰富多彩,并联系实际,强调主观表述,旨在考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力,快速获取信息的能力,也考查考生组织信息和表达信息的能力。PassageA（2023湖南长沙卷）Oneday,agroupoftouristsfromAustraliaclimbedalargerockintheCentralParkofNewYorkCity.Theytookpicturesofoneanotherwiththehigh-risebuildingsinthebackground.Likemanyothertourists,theydidn’trealizethathighinanearbytree,therewassomethingmoreworthyofattention:aneagle-owl(雕鸮)namedFlaco.Earlierthatmonth,thebirdFlacomadehisgreatescape(逃跑)fromtheCentralParkZoo.Thezookeepersthentriedseveraltimestocatchhimbutwereunsuccessful.Heseemedtobeinnohurrytoreturntothezoo.OlgaTorrey,aphotographer,hasbeenphotographinganimalsincityparksfor12years.SinceFlacoescaped,Torreyhaskeptacloseeyeonhim.Shewonderedifhewouldeverreturntothezoo.“Oncehegetsatasteoffreedom,I’mnotsure...”shesaid.Still,eachdayspentoutsideputsFlacoindanger.Hemightaccidentallyhitwindowsandgetinjured(受伤)whileflying.Moreover,theeagle-owllivedhiswholelifeinthezoointhepast.Hemaynotbeusedtofindingfoodonhisown.Andifhemadeamealofarat(耗子),itmightharmhishealth—theratmightcontainpoison(含有毒物).ThezoohashadtheworkerscarefullywatchFlacoallthetime,astheyareworriedabouthissafety.HasFlacoeatenanythingtoday?Hashegotinjuredtoday?Well,anotherdayofwatchinghasnowbegun.21.WheredidFlacoescapefrom?22.WhatisOlgaTorrey’sjob?23.IfFlacomadeamealofarat,whatmighthappentohim?24.WhydothezooworkerskeepwatchingFlacocarefully?25.ShouldwegetFlacobacktothezoo?Whyorwhynot?PassageB（2022湖南长沙卷）MessageNewReplyForwardDeletePrintMovetoDearWang,GreattohearyouarecomingtotheUSA!IdohopeyoucanstopbyandvisitusintheBigApple—apopularnameforNewYorkCity.Therearesomanythingstoseeanddohere.Itwouldtakealifetimetolistthemall:Chinatown,WallStreet,CentralPark,tonameonlyafew.ButknowingyouasIdo,I’dsuggestwalkingthroughMidtownManhattan.ItisverypopularintheUSAandjustcan’tbemissed!PeopleoftensaythatnovisittoNewYorkCityiscompletewithoutatriptoBroadway!Broadwaywithitscafés,streetperformers（表演者）andcolorfulsignsreallyrepresentsNewYork’sloudspirit!AsBroadwayistheheartoftheAmericantheaterindustry,it’satnightwhenittrulycomesalive.Broadwayiswell-knownforitsbigtheaters.TheyshowShakespeare,modernplays,danceshowsormusicals—takeyourpick!Withyourloveofsingingandinterestindrama（戏剧）,I’drecommend（推荐）amusical.It’sagreatandmovingexperiencethatI’msureyouwouldlove—abitlikePekingopera!ManymusicalsarebasedonclassicstorieslikeLesMiserablesorPeterPan,andtheymighteveninspire（激发）youtoreadthebooks,too!MybignewsisthatIamgoingtoChinaonvacationthiswinter.IamlookingforplacesofinterestinChina.Canyourecommendsometome?Seeyousoon!Leslie21.WhatisNewYorkCityalsocalled?22.IsBroadwayfamousforitsbigtheaters?23.Whataremanymusicalsbasedon?24.WhenisLesliegoingtoChinaonvacation?25.WhichplaceofinterestinChinawillyourecommendtoLeslie?一、细节理解题细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由who,what,where,when,why和how等引导的特殊疑问句来提问。凡是针对特定事实细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到相应的文字作为验证。回答此类问题一般采取寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再进行分析对比,找出答案。例原文:Onthefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedalittleoldladytous.问题:Whodidtheprofessorintroduceonthefirstdayofschool?思路:通过审题后寻读,考生应回答:Alittleoldlady.二、主旨大意题此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。现在初中学生阅读时的普遍问题是文章大意基本能看懂,但缺乏归纳主题和写作目的的能力,而这恰恰是阅读教学的主要目的。主旨大意题的提问方式通常是:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?/Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?/Whatisthepurposeofthewriter’swritingthepassage?/WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?/Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。★有些文章主旨大意清晰明了,考生只需从原文中提取信息即可。★有些文章除了需要把握首尾段或段落首尾关键句之外,考生还要把握全文结构,分清段落层次,从而归纳出主旨大意。思路:通过略读寻找首尾段的关键句,并结合人们不喜欢蓝色食物的现象以及原因,考生应总结答案为:Peopledon’tlikethebluefoodandthereasons.三、信息归纳题该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。四、开放性问答题此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。开放性的问题使考生跳出了一定的限制范围,有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活,关注社会和国内外问题,中考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅且合情合理的句子。PassageAKarlsson,aforeignteacheratBeijingUnionUniversity(BUU),haslivedinChinaforover15years.HeshowedgreatinterestinChinawhenhejoinedinaprogramforEastAsianstudiesinSwitzerlandin1997.Backthen,cellphonesandtheInternetwerenotwidelyused.LearningChinesemeantusingtextbooks,dictionariesandtapes.HelearnedChineseinthatway.In2006,withahighscoreintheChineselanguagetest,hewonascholarshipforafive-weeksummerprograminBeijing.Afterfinishingthestudyprogram,KarlssonwasofferedaBeijing-basedjobasamarketresearcher.Inthenextyear,hestartedtoteachbusinessatBUU.LifeinBeijinghasbeenawonderfulexperience.Ithasofferedhimmanychancesforpersonalgrowth.Today,thankstohigh-speedbroadband(宽带)and5G,hecanconnectwithstudentsatBUU'spartneruniversitiesinRussiaorMexicowhileridingontheBeijingsubway.Althoughhewasbusyonteachingdays,Karlssonapplied(申请)forafull-timescholarship(奖学金)attheUniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomicsinBeijing.Attheageof44,hegothisPh.D.ineconomics(经济学博士)."Iamquiteinterestedinblockchain(区块链)technology,andIknowthatChinaisquicklybecomingtheleaderinblockchainapplications.So,Ialwayswritemyarticlesinthisarea,"hesaid."Thereisalwaystimetofollowyourdreamsifyouworkhard,"hesaid."Takingchallengesandalsohelpingothersarewhatmakeslifeworthliving,"1．HowdidKarlssonlearnChineseinSwitzerland?2．HowlongwasthesummerprograminBeijing?3．WhycouldKarlssonconnectwithstudentsfromforeigncountriesonthesubway?4．WhendidKarlssongethisPh.Dineconomics?5．WhatcanyoulearnfromKarlsson'sexperiences?PassageBLaboreducationhasbeenmadeapartofcompulsory（义务的）education.Studentswillhaveatleastonecourseeveryweekonbasichouseholdskillssuchascleaningandcooking.Shouldcookingbetaughtatschools?Howcanlaboreducationcontinueafterschool?Thetopiccatcheswidesocialattentionandcausesheatedpublicdiscussions.LiMei,astudentinBeijingWehavelittletimetodevelopourinterestsbecausewehavetospendmostofthetimestudying.Ahouseholdskillclasscangiveuschancestoexperiencemoreaspectsoflifeandhelpusdiscoverdifferentinterests.Ihopewecouldbegiventhechoicestotakewhatevercourseswelike.Mrs.Chen,ahousewifeinHubeiSchoolsshouldhavecookingclasses.Childrenwillbetaughtabouttheirfoodandhowtocookproperly.Manyparentsdon'thavetheprofessionalknowledgeandhavenotimetodothis.Ahouseholdclasswouldprovidetheknowledgeandtrainingthatparentsareunabletogivetheirchildren.Mr.Wang,ateacherinShandongBylearningbasicskillslikecookingandcleaning,childrencanlearnhowtotakecareofthemselvesandliveindependently.Parentswon'talwayshelptheirchildrenwitheveryproblemthey'llmeetintheirlife.Theyneedtolearnnewthings,solveproblemsandgrowfromtheirexperiences.Itisnecessaryforchildrentoknowhowtomastertheseimportantlifesavingskillsasearlyaspossible.WuWei,anengineerinShanghaiIlearnedsomebasiccookingskillsfrommymother.ButmostofthemwerelearnedafterIgraduatedfromtheuniversity,frombooksandonlineshortvideos.Householdskillslikecookingareveryusefulinourdailylife.Ihopethesecookingclasseswillreallymakethestudentsrealizethatlaborisimportantandvaluable.6．Dothefourpeopleagreetoteachbasichouseholdskillsatschool?7．What'sLiMei'sproblem?8．Whothinksstudentsshouldlearnhowtocookproperly?9．WhyshouldchildrenlearnbasicskillsaccordingtoMr.Wang?10．WhatdoesWuWeithinkoflabor?PassageCLastMonday,therewasaChinesepapercuttingcompetitioninXiangyangMiddleSchool.Itwasheldintheirmeetinghall.Itwasverysuccessful.Asweknow,Chinesepapercutting,whichisalsocalled"Jianzhi",isatraditionalartforminChina.Peopleusescissorsoraknifetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns.Chinesepapercuttinghasalonghistory.Chinesepapercuttingisoftenusedathomeduringspecialtraditionaldays.Thedesignscanbeanimals,flowers,orevenpeople.Eachdesignhasadifferentmeaning.ChildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercutsatayoungage.Itisafunactivityandithelpsthemdeveloptheircreativity(创意)andskills.Theycanmakepapercutstogiveothersasgiftsortousethemtodecorate(装饰)theirrooms.ChinesepapercuttingispopularinChinaandothercountries.Manypeoplearoundtheworldenjoythisartformandtrytomaketheirownpapercuts.Allinall,Chinesepapercuttingisbeautifulandtraditional.Itisafunactivityforchildren.Ifyouhaveachance,youshouldtrymakingyourownpapercutstoo!11．Whatdopeopleusetocutpaperintodifferentshapesanddesigns?12．WhereisChinesepapercuttingoftenused?13．Doeseachdesignhavethesamemeaning?14．WhendochildreninChinalearnhowtomakepapercuts?15．WhyisChinesepapercuttingpopularinothercountries?PassageDWhilemostpeopleover80arewillingtoenjoylifeafterretirement(退休),ZhaoYafu,anagricultural(农业的)researcherinZhenjiang,JiangsuProvince,likestospendmostoftheyearworkinginthefieldsbetter.Bornin1941,Zhao'schildhooddreamwastobecomeareporter.Whenhewasincollege,Zhaosawhowhardliveswereinthecountryside,sohedecidedtodosomethingtohelp.ButwhenZhaobeganhisplanwithclassesonagriculturalscienceinaprimaryschool,onlytwofarmersappearedandlookedathimsuspiciously(怀疑地)."ThatonlyshowedwhatIwasdoingwasnecessary,"Zhaosaid."Thevillagersneededsomeonetohelpthemchangetheirmindsandembrace(欣然接受)newtechniques(技术)."Zhaokeptonaskingthefarmertousethenewtechniqueshetaughtandtoplantanewkindofrice.Healsoaskedthemtoturntoothercropssuchasstrawberriesandgrapestohelpthemmakemoremoney.Astimewentby,morenewhousesandroadswerebuiltinthevillage,andthevillagersbegantounderstandthatallZhaoreallywantedwastohelpthem.Inhis60yearsinZhenjiang,Zhaohashelpedover160,000farmersshakeoffpoverty(贫穷).HeandhisteamarealsoactiveinWesternChina.Since2013,theyhavehelpedfarmersinWesternChinaearn(赚得)nearly30billionyuan."Isawhowpoorthevillagersusedtobe,andIalsoseehowtheyhavebeenchangedovertheyears.Iwillcontinuewithmyworkifmyhealthpermits(允许),"saidZhao.16．WhichdoesZhaYafulikebetterafterretirement,enjoyinglifeorworkinginthefields?17．WhenwasZhaYafuborn?18．WheredidZhaYafubeginhisplanwithclassesonagriculturalscience?19．WhydidZhaoYafuaskthefarmerstoturntoothercrops?20．HowmanyfarmershasZhaoYafuhelpedtoshakeoffpovertyinZhenjiang?PassageEAbout2300yearsago,theareaaroundChengduhadbadfloods(洪水)inspringeveryyear.Floodwaterfromthemountainsflowed(流动)downtheMinjiangRiverandcoveredtheland.Luckily,theQingovernor(太守),LiBing,wasawaterengineer.ThekingofQinprovidedthemoneyandaskedthegovernortosolvetheproblem.Theusualmethodtoavoidfloodingistobuildawallacrosstheriver,calledadam.Specialopeningsinthedamallowtheflowofwatertobecontrolled.However,thekinghadalsoaskedLiBingtomakesurethatshipscouldstillusetheriver.Thiswasnecessarybecausethekingneededtosendfoodtohisarmy.SoLiBingstudiedthesituationandcameupwithaplan—aplanthatstillworkstoday!Helpedbyhisson,andtensofthousandsofworkersfromthearea,LiBingbuiltaman-madeislandinthemiddleoftheriver.Thisislandwasshapedlikeafishanditdividedthewaterintoaninnerandanouterriver.Theinnerriverwasdeeperthanbutnotaswideastheouterriver.Ittookfouryearstobuildtheisland.LiBingalsocutanewchannel(运河)throughMountYulei.Thischannelwouldtakewaterawaytoirrigate(灌溉)thelandintheflatfarmlandbelow.Therockofthemountainwasveryhardanddifficulttocut.LiBingusedfiretoheattherockandthenwatertocoolitquickly.Thismadetherockbreakintosmallerpieceswhichcouldbecarriedawaymoreeasily.Cuttingthechanneltookeightyears!AfterLiBing'sworkwasfinished,therewerenomorefloods,andtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem(灌溉系统)allowedthefarmerstogrowmoreandmorefood.Theriverflowednaturally,andbecausetherewasnodam,shipsandfishcouldpassfreely.SichuanbecamethemostproductiveareainChina,asitstillistoday.Today,scientistsandvisitorsfromallovertheworldcometolookatthiswonderfulexampleofengineering.ThisworkandthenameofLiBingliveon.21．WhatwasLiBing'sjob?22．WhydidthekingaskLiBingtomakesurethatshipscouldstillusetheriver?（23．WhohelpedLiBingbuildaman-madeislandinthemiddleoftheriver？24．HowlongdidittakeLiBingtocutanewchannel?25．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheDujiangyanirrigationsystem?PassageFItwastwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbike.HerSnowWhitebikewasjusttoooldtoride,anditneededrepairingaswell.AsChristmascamecloser,herdreamforabikese