宾语从句详解_第1页
宾语从句详解_第2页
宾语从句详解_第3页
宾语从句详解_第4页
宾语从句详解_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩43页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

宾语从句详解GrammarNounclausesastheobjectandpredicative

名词性从句宾语表语Unit3英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)英语句子概论简单句的五种基本句型Theweatherisverycold.主语+谓语(连系动词)+表语Helaughed.主语+谓语(vi.)Ilike

Chinesefood.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语Shetaughtthem

physics.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语

1.You'dbetterstartearly,oryouwillbelate.2.Jimstudiedhardallthetime,andhepassedtheexamscuccessfully.3.Iknowwherehelives,butIdon'tknowtheexactaddress.4.Ihaveneverheardofthebook,soIknownothingaboutit.并列句:简单句+and\or\but\so+简单句复合句:主句+从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome.定语从句状语从句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica.(宾语从句)名词性从句---Wangcaiisadogthat/whichcanguardhouse.I’llneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.定语从句用关系词引导的修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。先行词关系词1.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.2.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.宾语从句表语从句

在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等名词性从句:ObjectClauses

宾语从句什么是宾语?Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?Ienjoyworkingwithyou.

宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连接词从句主语从句谓语

主句(复合句)句子做宾语就是宾语从句,跟在及物动词或介词后句子结构:主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句宾语从句三要素引导词(连接词)语序时态句子类型that陈述句一般疑问句If/whether(是否)特殊疑问词特殊疑问句一、连接词(引导词)

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略:(1)当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,第二个that不能省;(2)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。(3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导,“是否”,不能省略Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.a.当有ornot时就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用区别Practicetimeif/whether

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由疑问词(what,who,whom,which;whose;

when,where,how,why等)引导,因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhen/wherewearrived.Iaskedhimwhere/how/whyIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho\whom\whatwehavetosee.二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)Iknowheliveshere.(live)Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.(live)Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.(come)2.如果主句是过去的时态,那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)Iknewwholivedhere.(live)Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.(talkwith)Hewaswonderingwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.(comeback)Hesaidthathehadseenit.(see)3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.(travel)Theteachertoldmeshe____(be)

bornin1960.Iheardthatshe____(go)

toParislastnight.4.从句中有具体时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作前,仍用一般过去时。wentwas1.Mikeinsistedthatwe_________________(be)lateforschool.2.Thedoctororderedthatshe_____________(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)notbe(should)stay注意:在下列动词接that从句中用“should+动原”一个“坚持”insist(坚持要)两个“命令”command,order(命令)

三个“建议”suggest,propose,advise四个“要求”request,ask,demand,require三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:主句+连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分I’mwonderingwhatshewantstoeat.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?

注:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时,语序不变:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Thedoctoraskedwhatwaswrong(withher).Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主语做表语否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idon’tthinkyouareright.

我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。

Idon’tbelieveyoucanfinishtheworktoday.

我认为你今天无法完成工作。

1.Wewonderhowweshalldonext.2.Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic?3.IamsorrythatIdon’tknowyouwantto

takepartinthecompetition.whatdidn’ttheyareExercise:correctornot4.Ididn’tknowthatyouwillcome.5.Hesaidthatheiswritingastory.6.Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive?7.YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules.____would___was______hewill______________EnglishhasExercise:multical-choice1.Idon’tknow____wecanliveontheislandwithoutfood.A.whereBwhatChowDthat2.Couldyoutellme___________________?Awhereisthepark?Bwho’sonduty?Cwhosebookisthis?Dwhataretheydoing?3Theteachertoldusthattheearth_____aroundthesun.AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving4.Ididn’tknowthatMr.Smith______yet.hasreturnedBhasreturnedChadreturnedDreturned5.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.Wedon’tknow______theydid.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which

BBCCACPredicativeClauses

表语从句一、表语从句定义:Thequestioniswhowilldoit.表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语。

表语从句LinkingVerbs(连系动词)

除动词be以外,还有一些后面可接表语的特殊连系动词,如:look,smell,taste,sound,feel,fall,come,go(变成…),become,grow(渐渐地变化),turn(变成,一般用于颜色),appear,seem,get,keep,remain,stay等。二、表语从句构成Hissuggestionisthat

weshouldstaycalm.Thatiswhy

shewaslate.引导词引导词主系+连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分三、引导表语从句的关联词1.从属连词as,asif/though引导的表语从句

Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.2.because,why引导的表语从句例句:(1)That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstandme.(2)That’swhyhegotangrywithme.那是因为他不理解我。那正是他对我生气的原因。(强调原因)(强调结果)3.连接代词who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever,连接副词where,when,how(1)Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.(2)Thequestionishowhedidit.(3)Thatiswherehewasborn.

问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。问题是他如何做此事的。那就是他出生的地方。4.从属连词that,whether(1)ThetroubleisthatIhavelostheraddress.(2)Myquestioniswhetherheleft(ornot).麻烦是我把她的地址弄丢了。我的问题是他是否离开了。that在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分,也没有任何意义。

四.使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示,should可省略。常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan等。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.注意A表语从句一定要用陈述语序。Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.B不可以用if,而用whether连接表语从句(asif例外)。Itlookedasifhehadunderstoodthisquestion.Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.C不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.Dthat在表语从句中不可以省略。LaoYang’ssuggestionisthatwe(should)turnthelandintoricefield.What’stroublingmeisIdon’thavemuchexperienceinthiskindofwork.注意:在表语从句中,表“是否”时,只能用“whether”不能用“If”。一般情况下,“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….(这是因为)Itis/waswhy….(这就是为什么…)4.Thereasonisthat…(原因是…)5.Thereason(why…/for…)i

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论