山东省济南市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）

高一年级学情检测英语试题本试卷共12页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意，回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Whatistheweatherliketoday?ASnowy.B.Rainy.C.Stormy.2.WheredoesthewomanusuallygoatChristmas?A.Toaschool.B.Toherdaughter’s.C.Toavillagenearby.3.Whydoesthewomanstopthemanbuyingbeer?A.Hehasdrunktoomuch.BHejustfinishedeating.C.Helooksyoungerthan18.4.Howmanybagsofrubbishhasthewomancollectedintotal?A.Three.B.Four.C.Seven.5.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Havedinner.B.Attendaclass.C.Borrowabook.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题、6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Agymclass.B.Aballgame.C.Arunningrace.7.Howarethespeakerstraveling?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Leavethegallery.B.Gotoheroffice.C.Enjoyart.9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotoday?A.Finishanorder.B.Takeadayoff.C.Attendameeting.10.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Lookingaroundslowly.B.Returningthenextday.C.Buyingapainting.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whyisthewomanexcited?A.SheisplanninganewdesignB.Sheishelpingtheenvironment.C.Sheisvisitingaplacesheloves.12.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Onaplane.B.Inataxi.C.Onatrain.13.Whenwillthespeakersgoback?A.Intwodays.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inamonth.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A.Impressed.B.Unwilling.C.Disappointed.15Whogavethespeakerstheticketsfortheballet?A.Alex.B.Mary.C.Linda.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife17.Whydoesthewomanendtheconversation?A.Theshowisabouttostart.B.Shegetsangrywiththeman.C.Themanistalkingtoomuch.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howoftendoestheeventtakeplace?A.Everymonth.B.Everyyear.C.Everyfiveyears.19.Whatisthereasonforthespeakertovolunteer?A.Gainingrichexperience.B.Feelingbetterabouthimself.C.Takingupalotoffreetime.20.Whatwillhappennext?A.Foodwillbeserved.B.Newvolunteerswillspeak.C.Awebsitewillbeintroduced.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，ATomTurcichofNewJerseybecamethe10thpersontowalkaroundtheworld.Oversevenyears,hewalked48,000kilometersacrosssixcontinentsand38countries—mostofitwithhisdogSavannah.Afterafrienddiedinanaccidentatage17,Turcichstartedtolookatlifedifferently,anddecidedtogoonajourneyaroundtheworld.IttookovereightyearsofsavingbeforeTurcichfinallylefthishomeonApril2,2015.Aboutfourmonthsintothejourney.TurcichgotSavannahfromananimalshelterinTexas.Shejoinedhimfortherestofthetrip,becomingthefirstdogtowalkaroundtheworld.Thepairwalkedaround30-40kilometersaday,spendingmostnightscamping.Somepartscouldnotbedoneonfoot,however—suchaswhenTurcichandSavannahtookaboatfromUruguaytoAntarctica.Inlate2017,TurcichalsohadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.HeandSavannahstartedwalkingagaininMay2018,goingthroughEurope,NorthAfricaandTurkeybeforegettingstuckinAzerbaijanforsixmonthsbecauseoftheCOVID-19.Nowthathe’sbackhome.Turcichsayshewantstostayinoneplaceforawhile—andsharehisexperienceinabook.1.WhatdidTurcichdobeforehisjourney?A.Campwithfriends. B.Savesomemoney.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Keepapetdog.2.WhydidTurcichstophiswalkin2017?A.Hebecamesick. B.Hefeltabittired.C.Heneededmoremoney. D.HegotstuckbyCOVID-19.3.WhatdoesTurcichplantodonext?A.GothroughEurope. B.Startacompany.C.Feedmoredogs. D.Writeabook.BCynthiaRosenzweigwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize.Sheplayedaleadingroleinmodelling(建模)theeffectsofclimatechangeonfoodproduction.Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.SheworkedasagraduatestudentattheGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesintheearly1980s,whenglobalclimatemodelswerebeginningtoshowtheeffectsofhumanrelatedCO2ontheglobalclimate.Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.Cynthiahasstudiedhowfarmerscandealwithclimatechangeandhowagricultureworsenstheproblem.Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.Sheaddedthatgreenhousegasescomefrommanypartsoffoodproduction,includingtheclearingofforestsforfarmland.4.WhathelpsCynthiawintheWorldFoodPrize?A.Thegreatsuccessinspaceresearch.B.TheimportantroleinagriculturalstudiesC.ThestudyofclimateeffectsonfoodproductionD.Thescientificresearchonglobalclimatechange5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutCynthia?A.Theresearchinformation. B.ThechiefachievementsC.Thefamilymembers. D.Thelifeexperiences.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCynthia?A.Hard-working B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Graceful7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Forestsshouldmakeroomforfarmland.B.Foodproductionalsoaffectsclimatechange.C.FarmersrelyonclimateforfoodproductionD.Agricultureisthemainsourceofgreenhousegas.CMathisanecessaryskillthatpeopleusethroughouttheirlives.Unfortunately,manychildrenandadultsfeelstressedandanxiouswhentheyhavetodomath.Theymaybeexperiencingwhatiscalled“mathanxiety”.Becauseofthis,manypeoplebelievethattheyarebadatmathanddon’tlikemath.Arecentresearchhasshownthatsomechildrenasyoungas6yearsoldmayfeelanxiousaboutmath.Ateamofresearchersasked154childreningrades1and2questionslike“Howdoyoufeelwhentakingabigtestinyourmathclass?”Thechildrenexpressedhownervoustheyfeltbypointingtoapositiononascale(刻度),wherethereweredifferentfacesfromaverynervousfaceonthelefttoacalmfaceontheright.Afteransweringthesequestions,thechildrentookamathtest.Theseresearchersfoundthatalmosthalfofthechildrenwhoparticipatedinthestudysaidthattheywereatleastsomewhatnervousaboutdoingmath.Also,childrenwithhighermathanxietygotworsescoresonthemathtest.Scientistshavealsofoundthatmathanxietydevelopsinchildrenwhoexperiencecertainkindsofsocialsituationsthatinfluencetheirthoughtsorfeelings.Thismeansthatthechild’semotions,opinions,orbehaviorsareaffectedbythingsthatotherpeoplesayordo.Forexample,teacherswithhighmathanxietyweremorelikelytohavestudentswithpoorermathachievementsattheendoftheschoolyear.Goodnewsisthatresearchershavefoundtoolstohelppeoplewithmathanxiety.Thesetoolsarecalledinterventions(干预).Forexample,researchersdidaninterventionwheretheyaskedchildrenwithmathanxietytowriteabouttheirmath-relatedworries.Thentheyfoundthatchildren’smathtestscoresimproved.Therefore,itisadvisedtotalktoclassmatesandteachersaboutmathanxiety.Thisisthefirststeptowardhelpingtoreducethepossiblyharmfuleffectsofmathanxiety.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinParagraph1?A.Mathability. B.Stressfullife.C.Mathanxiety. D.Painfulmemory.9.Howdidtheresearchersmeasurekids’anxiety?A.Bymakingamathproject.B.Byrecordingmathscores.C.Byaskingkidsquestions.D.Byshowingteachingproblems.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Anxietydeterminesmathability.B.One’smathanxietycanaffectothers.C.Studentsarebornwithmathanxiety.D.Childrenshouldavoidsocialsituations.11Whatissuggestedforstudentswithmathanxiety?A.Talkingaboutit. B.Workingharder.C.Usingmathtools. D.Attendinglectures.DArecentstudysuggeststhatwhenitcomestothebenefitsofreading,justdoingitmattersmorethanthecontent.Researchershavefoundthatreadingnovelshelpsthebraindevelopmentinunderstandingothersandimaginingtheworld.Theyalsohavefoundthatpeoplewhospendafewhoursperweekreadingbookslivelongerthanthosewhodon’tread.Buthowtobuildahabitofreading?Likeanyhabit,thetrickisinfiguringoutwhatsuitsyou.Thehardestpartaboutreadingisactuallypickingupabook.Youhavetositdown,pickupabookandstartreading.“IalwayshaveabooknexttowhereverIputmyphone,”MyfriendJimmyoncetoldme.“SoifIwanttocheckmyphone,Iphysicallycanseethebookthere.Ninetimesoutoften.Iendupreadingthebookinsteadofusingmyphonefornothing.”Anotherchallengeistime,andinthatcase,audiobooks(有声书)canbeagoodchoice.Audiobooksaregreatforfillingthemindwhileyou’reonthewaytowork,washingdishesorworkingoutatthegym.Ifyou’restillstuckonthewaytodevelopingareadinghabit,thebestwayistorevisityouroldfavoritebookstogetyouryouthfulreadingpleasure.Youshouldfreeyourselffromtheopinionthatonlyimportantoreducationalbooksareworthreading.There’snoshameinrereadingthebooksthatmadeyoufallinlovewithreadinginthefirstplace.Restartingthepracticeofreadingisalittlelikepickinguppainting.Ittakessomeworktogetintothebeststate,butonceyoubegin,theresultsarebeautifulandsatisfying.12.Whatisthemostdifficultpartinformingthereadinghabit?A.Gettingreadingskills. B.Findingagreatbook.C.Havinglimitedtime. D.Gettingreadingstarted.13.Whatistheadvantageofaudiobooksaccordingtothetext?A.Theyaretimesaving. B.Theyprovidemorepleasure.C.Theyaidbraindevelopment. D.Theyoffermorebookchoices.14.Whyisrereadingoldfavouritebooksagoodidea?A.Ithelpsrestartreading. B.ItisofgreatconvenienceC.Itimprovesthetasteforart. D.Itcanincreaseyourpatience.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Methodofkillingfreetime B.AdvantagesofusingaudiobooksC.Waytochooseeducationalbooks D.Tipsondevelopingareadinghabit第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CyclingisbecomingincreasinglyfashionableinChinaaspeoplebegintopaymoreattentiontotheneedforenvironmentalprotectionandlow-carbontransportation.____16____Manycitizensregardcyclingasaneffectivewayofmakingshort-andmid-lengthtrips.InBeijing,abicyclehighwayconnectingChangpingDistrictwithHaidianDistrictismakingcyclingmuchmoreconvenientforlocalpeople.The6.5-kilometerbicyclepathwasofficiallyopenedonMay31,2019.Alotofpeoplelivealongthehighway.____17____Itisoftenseenthatpeoplenearbycyclehappily.____18____Comparedwithtraditionalbikelanes,thebicyclehighwayisfreefromthecrowdsbothinasubwayandgroundtrafficduringthebusiesthours.Cyclistsdon’thavetoworryaboutthespeedingcars.Cyclistscanalsomovefasteralongthepathasitdoesnothavetrafficlights.____19____Thebikepathhasalsobecomea“must-see”attraction.Itgainshugepopularityamongcyclingclubs,citizensandtouristsvisitingBeijing.____20____EventheCOVID-19wasunabletostoppeople’senthusiasm.Thisbicyclepathisalsoveryhelpfulinexploringwaystodevelopbikingtransportation,andwillguidesimilarplanningandbuildinginthefuture.A.Thebikepathisfasterandsafer.B.Cyclingismuchmoreliketouring.C.Ithasbeenvisitedbyover1millionpeople.D.Itisespeciallywelcomedbypeopleinthecity.E.Morebike-onlyroadswillbebuiltinChinasoon.F.Theycanridefreelyontheopenandwidebikepath.G.Itsavesalotoftimeontheirwaytoandfromthework.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fiveyearsago,Iwasinchargeofaninterviewgroupformycompany.Wewere____21____withfiguringouthowtohirepeoplewithdisabilitiesandhelpthemsucceedinsidetheorganization.Manyappliedfortheposition.I____22____oneofthemwithautism(自闭症).Hewassuitablebutourgroupfeltthatthedisabilitywould____23____himfromlearningtheskillsandbeingsuccessfulintherole.Italkedmyworkmatesintogivinghimarole.____24____,itmeantalottotheman,forhecouldtakethechancetochangehislife.OurHRdepartmentwasnottoosupportivetotakesome____25____sowecouldonlyhirehimasatemporarydesigner.Igavehimalotof____26____andIbecameoneofhisguides.Intheworkplace,themanslowlyandsurely____27____.Thereweremanydifficultiesalongtheway____28____hecametobeacceptedandevenwonmanyfriends.Icontinuedtoguidehim____29____andhelpedhimtogetaroundanumberof____30____.Fastforwardfiveyears,hecalledandtoldmehegotaformal____31____yesterdayfromhismanagerasa____32____workerwithajobtitle.I____33____himandtoldhimthathewastobemoresuccessful.Hewentontosay“Sir,____34____yoursupportalltheseyears,Iwouldnotbehere”.Itoldhim,“Yoursuccessistherewardofyourhardworkanddetermination.You____35____alotofpeoplewithsimilardisabilities.Youinspirethemtoworkhardandmoveforward,intheirworkplaceorintheirlife.”21.A.tasked B.satisfied C.provided D.bored22.A.interviewed B.showed C.gathered D.helped23.A.excuse B.prevent C.shelter D.save24.A.Intotal B.Afterall C.Bycomparison D.Forsure25.A.notes B.steps C.risks D.measures26.A.stress B.lessons C.advice D.papers27.A.suffered B.worsened C.recovered D.adapted28.A.so B.and C.but D.or29.A.easily B.closely C.doubtfully D.secretly30.A.challenges B.positions C.experiments D.punishments31.A.request B.offer C.arrangement D.apology32.A.regular B.serious C.responsible D.unique33.A.comforted B.supported C.recognized D.congratulated34.A.beyond B.under C.without D.through35.A.encourage B.admire C.improve D.attract第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)A阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Adam,afreshmaninseniorhigh,feltquiteconfusedatfirst.Luckily,hisschooladvisergavehimsomesuggestionsonhowtochoose____36____(suit)courses.Afterclass,hejoinedavolunteerclub,____37____helpedthehomelesswithfood.Thoughfacinglotsofchallenges,hewilltrytobewellprepared____38____universityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.B阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesewritingsystemplays____39____importantroleinthehistoryofChina’scivilization.AfterEmperorQinshihuang____40____(unite)thesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Thatwritingsystemenablespeopletounderstandeachotherby____41____(write)nomatterwhatdialecttheyspeak.C阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthe1950s,theEgyptiangovernment’sproposaltobuildanewdamcausedprotests____42____thelocalpeoplewereworriedaboutdestroyingculturalrelics.Acommittee____43____(establish)tolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildings.Withthehelpofglobalcommunity,____44____(temple)andotherculturalrelicswereprotected.AswanDamwasbuilt____45____(successful).Bigchallengesledtogreatsolutions.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。46.LittleJerrytriedhardtokeephisb__________onhisnewbicycleforfearoffallingdown.(根据首字母单词拼写)47.SuBingtianisagreata__________,whoiscalledAsianFlyingMan.(根据首字母单词拼写)48.HanMeimeistudiedEnglishandhopedtobe__________(流利的)whenshegraduated.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)49.InterestdroveJohnto__________(主攻)inbiologytoincollege.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)50.Annis__________(好奇的)abouteverything,sosheoftenasksquestions.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)51.Thephotosr__________meofmytimewhenIlivedinSpain.(根据首字母单词拼写)52.Plantsproduceairforhumansto__________(呼吸)andfoodtoeat.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)53.Hearingthesadnews,Tomcouldn’t__________(控制)himselfandburstintotears.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)54.Glennhasalarge__________(词汇),winningprizesinmanyEnglishcompetitions.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)55.Frommypointofv__________,FIFAWorldCupQatar2022bringstheworldtogether.(根据首字母单词拼写)第二节应用文写作(满分25分)56.你校上周组织了一场主题为“ChineseCalligraphyandCulture”的英文演讲比赛，请你根据以下提示，为校英文报写一篇报道。要点如下：1.比赛目的；2.比赛过程；3.活动影响。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高一年级学情检测英语试题本试卷共12页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意，回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Stormy.2.WheredoesthewomanusuallygoatChristmas?A.Toaschool.B.Toherdaughter’s.C.Toavillagenearby.3.Whydoesthewomanstopthemanbuyingbeer?A.Hehasdrunktoomuch.B.Hejustfinishedeating.C.Helooksyoungerthan18.4.Howmanybagsofrubbishhasthewomancollectedintotal?A.Three.B.Four.C.Seven.5.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Havedinner.B.Attendaclass.C.Borrowabook.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题、6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Agymclass.B.Aballgame.C.Arunningrace.7Howarethespeakerstraveling?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Leavethegallery.B.Gotoheroffice.C.Enjoyart.9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotoday?A.Finishanorder.B.Takeadayoff.C.Attendameeting.10.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Lookingaroundslowly.B.Returningthenextday.C.Buyingapainting.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whyisthewomanexcited?A.SheisplanninganewdesignB.Sheishelpingtheenvironment.C.Sheisvisitingaplacesheloves.12.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Onaplane.B.Inataxi.C.Onatrain.13.Whenwillthespeakersgoback?A.Intwodays.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inamonth.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A.Impressed.B.Unwilling.C.Disappointed.15.Whogavethespeakerstheticketsfortheballet?A.Alex.B.Mary.C.Linda.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife17.Whydoesthewomanendtheconversation?A.Theshowisabouttostart.B.Shegetsangrywiththeman.C.Themanistalkingtoomuch.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howoftendoestheeventtakeplace?A.Everymonth.B.Everyyear.C.Everyfiveyears.19.Whatisthereasonforthespeakertovolunteer?A.Gainingrichexperience.BFeelingbetterabouthimself.C.Takingupalotoffreetime.20.Whatwillhappennext?A.Foodwillbeserved.B.Newvolunteerswillspeak.C.Awebsitewillbeintroduced.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，ATomTurcichofNewJerseybecamethe10thpersontowalkaroundtheworld.Oversevenyears,hewalked48,000kilometersacrosssixcontinentsand38countries—mostofitwithhisdogSavannah.Afterafrienddiedinanaccidentatage17,Turcichstartedtolookatlifedifferently,anddecidedtogoonajourneyaroundtheworld.IttookovereightyearsofsavingbeforeTurcichfinallylefthishomeonApril2,2015.Aboutfourmonthsintothejourney.TurcichgotSavannahfromananimalshelterinTexas.Shejoinedhimfortherestofthetrip,becomingthefirstdogtowalkaroundtheworld.Thepairwalkedaround30-40kilometersaday,spendingmostnightscamping.Somepartscouldnotbedoneonfoot,however—suchaswhenTurcichandSavannahtookaboatfromUruguaytoAntarctica.Inlate2017,TurcichalsohadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.HeandSavannahstartedwalkingagaininMay2018,goingthroughEurope,NorthAfricaandTurkeybeforegettingstuckinAzerbaijanforsixmonthsbecauseoftheCOVID-19.Nowthathe’sbackhome.Turcichsayshewantstostayinoneplaceforawhile—andsharehisexperienceinabook.1.WhatdidTurcichdobeforehisjourney?A.Campwithfriends. B.Savesomemoney.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Keepapetdog.2.WhydidTurcichstophiswalkin2017?A.Hebecamesick. B.Hefeltabittired.C.Heneededmoremoney. D.HegotstuckbyCOVID-19.3.WhatdoesTurcichplantodonext?A.GothroughEurope. B.Startacompany.C.Feedmoredogs. D.Writeabook.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位经历了好友在事故中去世后的图奇徒步旅行的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“IttookovereightyearsofsavingbeforeTurcichfinallylefthishomeonApril2,2015.(在图奇2015年4月2日终于离开家之前，他花了8年多的时间存钱。)”可知，在他旅行之前他花了八年时间存钱。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Inlate2017,TurcichalsohadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.(2017年底，图奇在爱尔兰和英国旅行时生病，不得不回国养病。)”可知，在2017年，图奇因病暂停徒步旅行。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据末段末句“Turcichsayshewantstostayinoneplaceforawhile—andsharehisexperienceinabook.(图奇说，他想在一个地方待上一段时间，并把他的经历写成一本书。)”可知，他接下会把自己的经历写成书。故选D。BCynthiaRosenzweigwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize.Sheplayedaleadingroleinmodelling(建模)theeffectsofclimatechangeonfoodproduction.Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.SheworkedasagraduatestudentattheGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesintheearly1980s,whenglobalclimatemodelswerebeginningtoshowtheeffectsofhumanrelatedCO2ontheglobalclimate.Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.Cynthiahasstudiedhowfarmerscandealwithclimatechangeandhowagricultureworsenstheproblem.Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.Sheaddedthatgreenhousegasescomefrommanypartsoffoodproduction,includingtheclearingofforestsforfarmland.4.WhathelpsCynthiawintheWorldFoodPrize?A.Thegreatsuccessinspaceresearch.B.TheimportantroleinagriculturalstudiesC.ThestudyofclimateeffectsonfoodproductionD.Thescientificresearchonglobalclimatechange5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutCynthia?A.Theresearchinformation. B.ThechiefachievementsC.Thefamilymembers. D.Thelifeexperiences.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCynthia?A.Hard-working B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Graceful7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Forestsshouldmakeroomforfarmland.B.Foodproductionalsoaffectsclimatechange.C.FarmersrelyonclimateforfoodproductionD.Agricultureisthemainsourceofgreenhousegas.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一位世界粮食奖者——辛西娅·罗森茨威格，她致力于研究气候与粮食生产之间的互相影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据首段“Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.(作为一名气候研究科学家，她职业生涯的大部分时间都在解释全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的。)”可知，辛西娅·罗森茨威格被授予世界粮食奖是因为她研究的是全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的，也就是说，气候对粮食生产的影响。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.(辛西娅自称是一名气候科学家，她在纽约附近的一个村庄长大，这一地区导致她住在乡下。20多岁时，她和未来的丈夫搬到了意大利，并对农业产生了兴趣。回到美国后，她专注于农业科学的教育。)”可知，先是介绍她成长的村庄，然后和未婚夫搬去意大利，然后回到美国，这是她生活的经历。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.(作为团队中唯一研究农业的成员，她研究了对粮食生产的影响，并从那时起一直致力于回答这些问题。1985年和1994年，她分别完成了关于气候变化如何影响北美和全球粮食生产的第一个实验。)”可知，她一直致力于研究对粮食生产的影响，是一位很努力工作的科学家。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据末段第二句“Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.(例如，她写了一篇研究论文，称全球农业食品系统产生了近三分之一的人类活动造成的全球温室气体。)”可知，食品生产使全球温室气体增加了近三分之一，所以食品生产对气候变化也有影响。故选B。CMathisanecessaryskillthatpeopleusethroughouttheirlives.Unfortunately,manychildrenandadultsfeelstressedandanxiouswhentheyhavetodomath.Theymaybeexperiencingwhatiscalled“mathanxiety”.Becauseofthis,manypeoplebelievethattheyarebadatmathanddon’tlikemath.Arecentresearch