2024年北京市门门头沟区2024届高三一模英语试卷（含答案）

2024北京门头沟高三一模

英语

2024.3

1.本试卷共12页，共100分,考试时长90分钟。

考生2.请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。

须知3.试卷所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。请使用2B铅笔填

涂，用黑色字迹签字笔或钢笔作答。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

IwaspreparingfordinnerwithmyhusbandwhenourdaughterRikkistormedintothesittingroomandmarched

tothesofa.IglancedoutofthewindowandsawourneighborLexiwalkingslowlybacktoherhousewithherhead

down,lookingso1.

“Whydidn'tLexistaylonger?^^Iaskedher.

“Idon'twanttoplaywithher,^^Rikkicomplained,t4Iwishshewouldstopcomingoverhereallthetime.Her

dresslooksterribleandsmellsdisgusting.Everyoneinourclasschoosesto2her.^^

“That'snother3,Rikki.Maybeshedoesn'thaveanyonetohelpher.^^Isaid.

“Yousee,baby,^^herfatherbegantosay,“Ireallyknowhowshefeltwhenyoushowedyour4toherbecause

IhadthesameexperiencewhenIwasakid.Iwasthepoorkidwithhand-me-downclothes,thekidwhootherslooked

downon.That5nevergoesaway.^^Hetoldherhewantedhertobekindand6,notjudgmentalandhurtful.

Tearswerestreamingdownherface.

Thenwe7Lexitocomeoverandhavedinnerwithus.IrememberedLexicominginallsmiles.Wegathered

togetherandsoonIsawthegirlstalkingand8.Theyhadagreattime.IcouldevenseeasweetglowinRikki*s

eyes.

Rikkibegantothink9fromthatdayon.Lexicameoverafewtimesafterthat.Theybecamegoodfriends.

Today,Rikkihasaheartofgold.Sheisalwaysthefirsttowelcomethosewhom

othersmight10andisgenerousinhelpingothers.Itrulybelievethatdaymadeamajordifferenceinthe

personshehasbecometoday.

1.A.funnyB.upsetC.relaxedD.silly

2.A.punishB.inspireC.respectD.ignore

3.A.habitB.attitudeC.faultD.quality

4.A.coldnessB.selfishnessC.strictnessD.nervousness

5.A.dreamB.thoughtC.feelingD.smell

6.A.honestB.curiousC.normalD.helpful

7.A.assumedB.invitedC.remindedD.warned

8.A.laughingB.arguingC.cryingD.shopping

9.A.activelyB.creativelyC.professionallyD.differently

10.A.worryaboutB.turnawayC.dependonD.communicatewith

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示

词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Whenhewas7yearsold,FrancisKerelefthisfamilytoattendschoolbecausehisvillagedidnothave

oneof11(it)own.Thirteenyearslater,hemovedtoGermany.Hedreamedofreturninghometobuildthe

classroomthatdidn'tthenexist.In2001,Kerecompletedhisfirstschool12(build).Hethen13

(creative)transfbrmedhisvillageandothercommunitiesinAfrica.In2022,hewon"NobelPrizeinarchitecture”,

thePritzkerPrize.

B

Todevelopasnackweallknowandlove,companieshavetoworkout14peoplehaveanappetitefor.

Today,companiesoftenaskcustomerstochoosetheflavorstheyfancyonapps,15(Ibok)outforthelatest

tastetrends.Snacktrendsalsochangeovertime.Whensupermarkets16(encourage)toremoveunhealthy

snacksfromthecashierdesk,companiesarequicktoprovidehealthiertreats.

C

17February10,thefirstdayoftheYearoftheDragon,thecrowdinapublicsquareinLondonburst

intocheers.SixteendancersperformedtheChaoshanYinggedance,atraditionalChinesefolkdance18

(celebrate)ChineseNewYear.IntheChaoshanregionofGuangdongprovince,19thedanceoriginated,

peoplebelieveitbringsgoodluckfornewyear.Thisperformance20(attract)millionsoftouristssince2023.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

E0O

A

AreyoureadytobecomeaninternationalUNVolunteer?

Youcancontributeyourtime,skillsandknowledgethroughvolunteeringwiththeUN.Thisisan

opportunitytocreateapositiveimpactandbeasignificantforceforachievingpeaceanddevelopment.Makea

differencetothelivesofmany!

ThefirststeptovolunteerabroadwiththeUNistodeterminewhetheryoumeettheminimum

requirements.Ifthisisthecase,registeryourprofileinourUnifiedVolunteeringPlatform.Then,youmayapply

forassignmentsthatareinhighdemandoreveninhighlyspecializedareas.

TheminimumagetoserveasaninternationalUNVolunteeris18yearsold.However,therearespecific

requirementsforvariouscategories:UNYouthVolunteers,includingUniversityVolunteers,mustbeaged18-

26,UNVolunteerspecialistsmustbeatleast27yearsold,andUNExpertVolunteersmustbe35yearsofage

andabove.

Theremayalsoberequirementsofrelevantprofessionalandacademicexperience,aswellaslanguage

proficiency（熟练）.RefertotheDescriptionofAssignmentfortheUNVolunteerassignmentfortheposition

youareapplyingforbecausedifferentassignmentshavetheirspecificrequirements.

AllUNVolunteersmustdisplayacommitmenttothevaluesandprinciplesofvolunteerismandthe

activitiesoftheUnitedNationsandtheUNCharter,andanabilityto

workinamulticulturalenvironmentandwithlocalpartnersandcommunities.Theyshouldbepreparedtoadjusttodifficult

livingconditionsinsometimesremotelocations.UNVolunteersshouldbeprofessional,withstronginterpersonaland

organizationalskills.

21.WhichisarequirementforbeinganinternationalUNVolunteer?

A.Havingapositiveimpact.

B.Beingyoungerthan18yearsold.

C.Havingrelevantworkexperience.

D.Beingtalentedinforeignlanguages.

22.IfselectedasaUNvolunteer,onewillneedto_.

A.showhiseducationlevel

B.improvelocallivingconditions

C.followtherulesoftheactivities

D.communicatewithothersefficiently

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

A.Everyassignmenthasitsparticularrequirements.

B.Ifyoumeettherequirements,youcanregisterbyemail.

C.UNVolunteerswillworkinremotelocationsindependently.

D.Asavolunteer,youshouldmakeprinciplesofvolunteerism.

B

“Yourmotherneedsanewheart,“myfathertoldmewhenIcalledonthatDecemberafternoon.Anunrelenting

optimist,hespokeasifshemerelyneededtohaveapartreplaced.But,althoughmytwosistersandIknewthatourmother

hadheartproblems,thisnewsstillmadeusfrozenforawhilewithoureyeswideningindisbelief.

Dr.MarcSemigranofthetransplantteamreviewedmymother'smedicalhistory.She'dhadanirregularandrapid

heartbeatformostofherlife.Herpresenttreatment------theuseofaseriesofcardioversions,orelectricjolts,torestorea

normalheartbeat------wouldnotworkinthelong-term.Shehadanenlargedandweakenedheart,aswellasafaultyvalve.

“Withmedication,"Dr.Semigransaid,4<youhavea60percentchanceoflivingsixmonths.Youcouldhavealonger

lifewithatransplant,buttherearerisks.You'reatthe

topendoftheagegroupofsixtyyearsold.Thelungsandotherorgansmustbehealthyandstrong.Whilethe

transplantsurgeryisactuallyastraightforwardprocedure,acceptancebythebodyisthedifficultthing.”

Myfamilycametogether,tryingtoprovidestrengthandworkoutwhattodo.We'dalreadygonefromshock,

overourmother'scondition,toworrythatshewouldn'tbeasuitablerecipient.Despiteoftherisk,wechosetobelieve

thatshewouldmakeiteventually.

WordcamelaterinDecemberthatshehadbeenacceptedintotheprogramme.Dr.JeremyRuskintoldusone

ofthereasonsshehadbeenacceptedwasthatshehadsuchstrongfamilysupport.

OneMondayinMay,atabout8p.m.,mymotherreceivedaphonecallfromthehospitalthataheartwas

available.Asshewasabouttobewheeledoff,myfathertookherfaceinhishandsandlookedintohereyes.Hislook

saideverythingabouttheir42-yearrelationship.

Thehearttransplantoperationwassuccessfulandtheconditionscouldnothavebeenbetter.

Theironyofthetransplantprocessisthatonefamily'slossisanother5sgain;thattragedybegetsfortune.Itis

akindoflifeafterdeath,ourheartsbeatingbeyondus.Wedevelopedafeelingofloveforthisnewpart,ofgratitude

forthedoctors,fortheprocess,andforthosepeoplewhomadeadecisionjustforhumanity.

24.Howdidthesistersfeeltothenewsthattheirmotherneededanewheart?

A.Frightened.B.Astonished.C.Worried.D.Annoyed.

25.Whichisthefactortoaffectthepossibilityoftheirmother'shearttransplant?

A.Herabnormalheartbeat.

B.Theageofoversixtyyearsold.

CHerwillingnesstothetransplant.

D.Theadaptationofthenewheartinthebody.

26.Whatmadethetransplantteamdecidetohavetheoperation?

A.Thatherlungswerehealthy.

B.Thatanewhearthadbeenfound.

CThatherfamilywereexpectingtheoperation.

D.Thatherfamilytrustedthedoctors*medicallevel.

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Familysupportisofgreatimportance.

B.Fortunefavorsthosewhoareoptimistic.

C.Confidencehelpspatientsovercomedifficulties.

D.Gettingpreparedbeforeacceptingatreatmentmatters.

C

Artificialintelligenceisalmosttwiceasaccurateasabiopsy（活组织检查）atjudgingtheaggressivenessof

somecancers,expertssay.Cancerkills10millionpeoplegloballyeveryyear,accordingtotheWHO.Butforpatients

thediseasecanbepreventedifdetectedinstantlyanddealtwithquickly.

ArecentstudysuggestedanAIalgorithm（算法）wasfarbetterthanabiopsyatcorrectlygradingthe

aggressivenessofsarcomas（肉瘤），arareformofcancer.ResearchershopeAIwillimproveoutcomesforpatients

bygivingdoctorsamoreaccuratewayofgradingtumours（月中瘤）.Becausehigh-gradetumourscanindicate

aggressivedisease,thetoolcouldhelpensurethosehigh-riskpatientsareidentifiedmorequicklyandtreatedinstantly.

Low-riskpatientscouldalsobesparedunnecessarytreatments,follow-upscansandhospitalvisits.

Researcherssaythealgorithmcouldbeappliedtoothertypesofcancerinfuture.Theteamspecificallylooked

atretroperitonealsarcomas,whichdevelopatthebackoftheabdomenandaredifficulttodiagnose（诊断）andtreat

duetotheirlocation.TheyusedCTscansfrom170patientswiththetwomostcommonformsofretroperitoneal

sarcoma------leiomyosarcomaandliposarcoma.UsingdatafromthesescanstheycreatedanAIalgorithm,whichwas

thentestedon89patientsinothercountries.Ingradinghowaggressivethetumourwas,thetechnologywasaccurate

in82%ofthecases,whilebiopsieswere44%.

AIcouldalsorecognizeleiomyosarcomaandliposarcomain84%ofsarcomastested,whileradiologistswere

abletoidentifythemin65%ofthecases.ChristinaMessiou,thestudyleader,said:"We'reincrediblyexcitedbythe

potentialofthisstate-of-the-art

technology,whichcouldleadtopatientshavingbetteroutcomesthroughfasterdiagnosis.Aspatientswithretroperitoneal

sarcomaareroutinelyscannedwithCT,wehopethistoolwilleventuallybeusedglobally,ensuringthatnotjustspecialist

centrescanreliablyidentifyandgradethedisease.^^

RichardDavison,chiefexecutiveofSarcomaUK,saidtheresultslooked“verypromising^^.Headded:"Peopleare

morelikelytosurvivesarcomaifdiagnosedearly.Oneinsixpeoplewithsarcomacancerwaitmorethanayeartoreceive

anaccuratediagnosis,soanyresearchthathelpspatientsreceivebettertreatmentandsupportiswelcome.”

28.Accordingtothepassage,AIiscapableof___.

A.gradingtheriskofsarcomas

B.measuringthescaleofsarcomas

C.providingcancertreatmentforclinicians

D.classifyingcancerswithitsadvancedalgorithm

29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

A.MoresarcomascanbedetectedwiththehelpofAL

B.BiopsieswillbereplacedbyAIalgorithminidentifyingcancers.

C.MorepatientssufferingfromcancerswillbenefitfromAIalgorithm.

D.AIalgorithmhasbeenappliedinhospitalsfordetectingmostcancers.

30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.AIhasaprofoundmarketincuringcancers.

B.Newtreatmentsforsarcomasarewellunderway.

C.AIhelpsidentifyhigh-riskandlow-riskpatients.

D.AIdoesbetterinassessingsometypesofsarcomas.

D

Arecentglobalstudy,whichsurveyed10,000youngpeoplefrom10countries,showedthatnearly60percentof

themwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereport,whichwaspublishedinTheLancet,also

showedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondentssaidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily,andthreequartersagreedwiththe

statementthat“thefutureisfrightening.5,This,alongwithmanyotherstudies,shows

clearlythatclimatechangeisnotjustathreattotheenvironmentthatweinhabit.Italsoposesaveryrealthreatto

ouremotionalwell-being.Psychologistshavecategorizedthesefeelingsofgriefandworryaboutthecurrentclimate

emergency,acommonoccurrenceamongyouthtoday,underthelabelof"eco-anxiety”.

Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecological

science,burdenedbytherealitydepictedbytheirfindings,anditaffectsthemosteconomicallymarginalized（边缘

化的）acrosstheglobe,whobearthedamagingimpactsofclimatebreakdown.

In2024,eco-anxietywillrisetobecomeoneoftheleadingcausesofmentalhealthproblems.Thereasonsare

obvious.Scientistsestimatethattheworldislikelytobreachsafelimitsoftemperatureriseabovepre-industriallevels

forthefirsttimeby2027.

Inrecentyears,we*veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece,andsummerfloodsruinregionsin

Pakistanthatarehometonearly33millionpeople.Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrising

temperaturesaremorelikelytoexperiencepsychologicaldistress.

Tomakemattersworse,facingclimatecrisis,ourpoliticalclassisnotofferingstrongleadership.TheCOP28

conferenceinDubaiwillbeheadedbyanoilandgascompanyexecutive.IntheUK,thegovernmentisbacktracking

onitsgreencommitments.

Fortunately,greaterlevelsofeco-anxietywillalsoofferanavenueforresolvingtheclimatecrisisdirectly.

AccordingtoCarolineHickman,aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromtheUniversityofBath,anyoneexperiencingeco-

anxietyisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstotheclimatecrisis.Thisiswhy,in2024,wewillalso

seemorepeoplearoundtheworldjointhefightforclimatejusticeandseekjobsthatprioritizeenvironmental

sustainability.Campaignerswillputincreasedpressureonfossilfuelindustriesandthegovernmentstorapidly

abandontheusageofpollutingcoal,oil,andgas.

It'snowclearthatnotonlyaretheseindustriesthemaincausesfortheclimatecrisis,theyarealsoresponsible

forthementalhealthcrisis,whichisstartingtoaffectmostofus.Eco-anxietyisnotsomethingwewilldefeatwith

therapy,butsomethingwewilltacklebytakingaction.

31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thecauseofeco-anxietyisemotionsexistinginourmind.

B.Peopleindevelopedcountriesaremorelikelytosufferfromeco-anxiety.

C.Eco-anxietyisanewkindofpsychologicaldiseaseduetoclimatechange.

D.Theauthorisdisappointedaboutgovernmentbehaviourtowardsclimatecrisis.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breach“inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Break.B.Reach.C.Raise.D.Affect.

33.AsforCarolineHickman'sopiniononeco-anxiety,theauthoris__.

A.puzzledB.favourableC.suspiciousD.unconcerned

34.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhoIstoBlameforEco-anxiety?

B.HowShouldYouSeeEco-anxiety?

C.HowWillEco-anxietyBeResolved?

D.WhyDoPeopleSufferfromEco-anxiety?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

Morethanaquarterhavetoenlargethefontsizeontheirmobilephonesotheycanreaditclearly.35Meanwhile,

28%regularlysquint（眯眼看）atthescreen.Andallofthemaresignsofeyedisorder.

“Theresearchhasshownoureyesarenotdesignedtobefixedonasingleobjectforalongtime,especiallysmaller

laptopsorsmartdevices.36Evenworse,staringatthescreenconstantlycanleadtodryeyesyndrome,saysGiles

Edmonds,aclinicalservicedirector.

Dryeyesyndromeisaconditionwheretheeyesdonotmakeenoughtears,orthetearsevaporatetooquickly.Here

aresomesimplesolutionstopreventeyestrainandirritation,andpreserveyoureyehealthoverall.

Restyoureyes.

Followthe20:20:20rule,lookingupfromyourscreenevery20minutesandlookatsomething20feetaway

foratleast20seconds.37Itinturnreduceseyetiredness.

Adjustyourworkstation.

Changeyourscreensettingstoensurethatthebrightnessandcontrastarebalancedcorrectly,aswellasmaking

fontslarger.Also,bemindfulofhowyourworkstationispositioned.Adjustyourscreenensuringitis15-20degrees

beloweyelevelandaround50-70cmawayfromtheeyes.38

Reduceglare（眩光）.

39.Tryreducingthisbyattachingananti-glarescreentoyourmonitororlaptoptoavoidexternallight

shiningontothescreen.Glasseswearerscanalsohavelensestreatedwithananti-glarecoating.

A.Peopleshouldtrytoreducethetimespentonthescreen.

B.Onecanreadhisfavoritepaperbooksinsteadofe-books.

C.Halfconfessthey*reforcedtoenlargeimagestoseethemclearly.

D.Anotherthingtofocusonistomakesureyourroomisproperlylit.

E.Lookingintothedistancehelpsrelaxthefocusingmusclesofyoureyes.

F.Reflectionsonyourcomputerscreencancauseglareandleadtoeyefatigue.

G.Theymayfeeluncomfortable,painful,tiredandevenstarttoitch（发痒）orbum.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Thefirstpairsofjeansweredesignedforblue-collarworkers.Overthecourseofthe20thcentury,theworking­

classpantshavetransformedintofashioniconsandbecomepopulararoundtheworld.However,eachnewpairyou

buyhasamuchhighercostthan

youmightthink.

Everypairofjeanstakesabout0.7kilogramsofcotton.Growingthismuchcottonrequiresroughly10,000

litersofwater,nottomentionvariousherbicidesandpesticides,whichcanpollutegroundwater.Typically,plastic

fibersaremixedwithcottonthreadstoincreasecomfortandflexibility.Inordertodyethecloth,chemicalspraysand

severalcyclesofacid-washingareadopted,dischargingtoxicpollutantsintoriversandeventurnthemintoindigo­

blue.Also,therearethezippers,buttons,andrivetsmadeofcopperandothermetals,whoseminingisyetanother

sourceofenvironmentaldegradation.Allinall,themanufacturing（制造）processforasinglepairofjeansemitsover

33kilogramsofcarbon------theequivalentofdrivingover110kilometers.

Likemanygloballyproducedproducts,jeansaremadeinpoorcountriesandboughtinrichones.Muchofthe

world'scottonisgrownindevelopingcountries,withpoorlaborpracticesandfewprotectionsforworkers.Cotton

hereisoftenpickedbychildrenorforcedlabor.Andtheirhealthmaybethreatenedbypoisonouschemicalsduring

production.Becauseofthefast-pacedandroughmanufacturingwithunnaturalmaterials,today,mostpairslastno

longerthanayear.Likemostwaste,discardedjeansendupinlandfills,wheretheirdecompositionreleases

greenhousegas.Somegovernmentsarepursuingpoliciestomakecompaniesmoreresponsibleforworkerpayand

welfare,butunsustainablepracticesstillruncrazythroughoutthefashionindustry.

40.Whomaybethefirstconsumersofjeans?

41.Whyareplasticfibersusedwhenpairsofjeansaremade?

42.Pleasedecidewhichp