2021届上海市陆行中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2021届上海市陆行中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（共第一节（共15小题；每小题 2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThelastthingCaitlinHippwouldhaveexpectedasshepreparedtoturn28yearsoldwastobelivingathomewithherparents.Butthroughworkingasapart-timeskatinginstructorandrestaurantserver,sheisn'tabletoearnenoughtoliveanywhereotherthanhome.Tosomedegree,multigenerationalhouseholdshavealwaysbeenapartofAmericanlife.However,thenumberofyoungadultswhohavebeenmovingbackinwiththeirparents—orneverleavinghomeinthefirstplace—hasbeengrowingsteadily.UBSFinancialServicesreleasedareportthatevensuggestsonereasonforthegrowingnumberofyoungadultsstilllivingathomecouldbethattheirfamilydoesn'twantthemtoleave.Thereportshowsthat74percentofmillennials(千禧一代)getsomekindoffinancialsupportfromtheirparentsaftercollege.Itfindsthatmillennialshaveredefinedthetiesthatconnectparentsandchildren.Millennialsseetheirparentsaspeers,friendsandinstructors.Nearlythreequarterstalkedwiththeirparentsmorethanonceaweekduringcollege.Inreturn,theirparentshappilyprovidefinancialsupportwellintoadulthood,helpingfundeverythingforthem.StuartHoffman,chiefeconomistforthePNCFinancialServicesGroupintheUS,saidthenumberofyoungadultsstrikingoutontheirownfellduringthe GreatRecession.Althoughjobgrowthformillennialssince2014hasimproved,thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatmillennialsarestartingtoflythenest.Hesaid,“Theymaylikelivingathomeandbeingabletosavemoney.“There'snodoubtithasheldbackhouseholdformationandpurchasesofthingspeoplespendmoneyonrelatedtohouseholdformationandperhapsrelatedtochild-raising,"Hoffmanexplained."Buttheyareprobablytravelingmoreandeatingoutmoreiftheydon'thaveahouseexpenseormarriage.Idon'tknowifitrepresentsachangeinmoralvalues.Butit'smuchmorecommonforadultchildrentoliveintheirparents’homesbecauseit'sbecomingpartoftheculture.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUBSFinancialServices'report?Millennialsareongoodtermswiththeirparents.Millennialsarefinanciallyindependentaftercollege.Parentsareunwillingtogivetheiryoungadultsallowance.Parentswanttheirkidstostaywiththemforever.WhatdoesHoffmanthinkofyoungadults'livingathome?Itincreasestheconsumptionofhouseholdproducts.Itmaycontinuedespitejobgrowth.Itisasignofshiftinmoralvalues.ItisnewinAmericanculture.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?Tointroducemillennials'livinghabits.Tostresstheimportanceoffinancialindependence.ToexplainwhyAmericanyoungadultsstillliveathome.ToinformpeopleofasocialtrendintheUS.BAlaska—TheAmericancityAnchorageisrecoveringfromapowerfulearthquakeFridaythatdamagedpublicbuildings,homesandroads.The7.0earthquakecausedbuildingstoslake.Buttherehavebeennoreportsofdeaths,seriousinjuriesordamage.Officialssaythequakehasnotaffectedtransportationoffoodandhersupplies.“Theshipsarecominginonschedule,thesupplylinesareatthispointworkingwell,”thegovernmenttoldreportersSunday.TheGlennHighwaywasprobablytheroadhithardestbytheearthquake.Itconnectsthestate'slargestcitytootherpartsinthenorth.Traffichasbeenheavyandslow—movingsincethequake.Driversarebeingguided.Groupsofworkersaretryingtorebuildareaswherethequakeleftlargeholesintheroad.Peoplewhoarestillnervousafterthemajorquakehavebeenmoreupsetbymorethan1,700aftershocks.“Anythingthatmoves,youfeelterrified”saidDavid,whosehomesufferedstructural(结构)damage,includingasunkenfoundation(地基).Actually,Alaskacameupwithstrictbuildingrulesaftera9.2earthquakein1964.Thatwasthesecondmostpowerfulearthquakeonrecord.Governmentofficialssaidapublichealthcenterpromisesthatmoneyformedicaltreatmentwillcontinuetocome.Mentalhealthyservice(心理健康服务)isalsoavailableforpeoplehurtbythedisaster.Earthquakeexpertssaythereisa4percentchanceofanother7.0earthquakeorgreaterinthefollowingweek."Thechanceisverysmall,butitsnotimpossible,”saidtheexpert,PaulCaruso.Whatwastheresultoftheearthquake?Buildingsweredamaged. B.Foodsupplywascutoff.C.Manypeoplewerekilled D.Theshipscouldnotcomein.WhyisthetrafficslowontheGlennHighway?Becausesmallquakeshitthecity. B.Becausefallingrocksareadanger.C.Becausethehighwayisbadlydamaged. D.Becausedriversaremisled.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaulCaruso?Anothergreaterearthquakeisontheway.Chancesstillexistsofanotherearthquake.Itwillbesafeinthe1thweekafterthequake.Thereisnopossibilityformorequakes.Wherecanyourpossiblyreadthepassage?Inastorybook. B.Inatraveljournal.C.Inaposter. D.Inanewspaper.CIsrentingclothesgreenerthanbuyingthem?Sustainable(可持续的)fashionexpertElizabethClineisn’tsure.Clothingrentingisahotnewindustryandbusinessmenaretryingtoattractshopperswhocareabouttheenvironment.Lastsummeralone,UrbanOutfitters,Macy’s,Bloomingdale’sAmericanEagleandBananaRepublicallannouncedrentingservices–asuresignofchangingtimes.Butisrentingfashionactuallymorethanbuyingit?Andifso,howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineresearchedthisquestioninafeaturearticleforElle,andsheconcludedthatit’snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshippingforexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented–receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Thenthere’stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit’sreturned,regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentingservices,thisusuallymeansdry-cleaning,whichisapollutingprocess.AlltherentingservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene,acarcinogenic( )airpollutantsthat’sstillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withhydrocarbon()alternatives,althoughthesearen’tgreateither.Theycanproduceharmfulwasteandairpollutionifnothandledcorrectly.Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentingserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit’ssoeasilyaccessible.There’ssomethingcalled“share-washing”thatmakespeoplehavemorewastefulbehaviorsbecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisconsideredmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis:advertisedasawaytoshareridesandreducecarownership,andyetithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicyclingandpublictransportationuse.Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingthemintothebinafterwearingthemafewtimes,butweshouldn’tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeusself-satisfied.There’sanevenbetterstep–andthat’swearingwhatwealreadyhave.WhatdoweknowaboutElizabethClinefromthepassage?Sheistryingtoattractshoppers. B.Sheisanexpertandjournalist.C.ShehascreatedD.Sheneverrentsclothes.Whydoesrentingservicesincreasepeople’sappetiteforfastfashion?Becauseitishandledcorrectly. B.Becauseitistransportedeasily.C.BecauseitisfairlyD.Becauseitiseasilyaccessible.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Clothingrentingbecamepopulartenyearsago.Consumertransportationhasthelargestcarbonfootprint.Rentingclothesdeservesfurtherconsideration.Uberisagoodexampleofsharingrides.Whichsectionofanewspaperdoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Environment. B.Technology.C.Travel. D.Medicine.DElonMuskisasymbolofpassion,hardworkandsuccess.Apersonmayworkhardinhislife,butwhenhardworkgoesalongwithpassionandanewidea,thensomethingiscreatedthatastonishestheworld.AsthefounderofbigcompanieslikePayPal,SpaceX,andTeslaMotors,ElonMuskisaguideandinspirationfortheyoutharoundtheworld.ElonMuskwasbornonJune28,1971inPretoria,SouthAfrica.Hewastheeldestofthreechildren.HisfatherErrolMusk,aBritish-bornSouthAfrican,wasanengineer.MuskspenthischildhoodinSouthAfricaandattheageof9,hegothisfirstpersonalcomputer.ThisgotEloninterestedinprogrammingandhestartedtolearnonhisown.Attheageof12,hemadehisfirstcomputergame,Blaster,whichearnedhim$500whenhesoldthesourcecodetoamagazine.Whenhewas17,hedecidedtoleavehomeandhadwantedtomovetotheUnitedStatesaftergraduatingfromasecondaryschoolinPretoria.However,hewasunabletomovetotheUnitedStates.In1989,ElonMuskmovedtoCanada,wherehismother’sslived.AfterobtainingCanadiancitizenship,MuskwenttoMontreal.Duetoalackofmoney,hefoundalow-payingjob.Attheageof19,heenteredQueensUniversityinKingston,Ontario,studyingtherefortwoyears.Finally,in1992,hisdreamcametrue—hemovedtotheUnitedStates.Asateenager,Muskstruggledwithdepression.Butthenherealizedthatthemostimportantthingwaspresentinghimselfwiththerightquestions.Thedayhestarteddoingthis,everythingstartedtogeteasier.Muskthoughtthatahumanbeinghadtoexpandthelimitsofhisconsciousness—toasktherightquestionsandgetanswerstothem;thusheaskedthebestquestionofall:whatwillhavethegreatestimpactonthefutureofhumans?MuskfoundthatthesethingsweretheInternetandspaceexploration.ThelifeofElonMuskisinspiring.HefoundsuccessontheInternet,withoutmuchformallearning.Byreadingbooksandusinghiswillpoweranddedication,hereachedalevelofknowledgethatisdifficulttoimagine.Hedidnotgiveupuntilheachievedhisdreams.ElonMusktrulystandsoutamongotherbillionairesbecauseofhisleadershipabilities,positiveattitude,abilitytoknowwhentotakerisks,andbeliefinfuturistictechnologies.Accordingtothepassage,ElonMuskgainedknowledgeofcomputerby .A.teachinghimself B.learningfromhisfatherC.takingonlinecourses D.studyinginQueensUniversityWhatmadethingseasierforElonMuskwhenhesufferedfromdepression?A.Expandingknowledgebyreadingbooks. B.Askinghimselftherightquestions.C.AchievingsuccessontheInternet. D.Designingcomputergames.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.It’snevertoolatetolearn. B.Youthmeanslimitlesspossibilities.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway. D.Hewhodoesn’tadvancefallsbackward.WhichwordscanbestdescribeElonMuskaccordingtothepassage?A.Optimisticandgenerous. B.Ambitiousanddetermined.C.Independentandhelpful. D.Adventurousandrealistic.第二节（共第二节（共5小题；每小题 2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Howtokeepyourselfsafefromnewvirus?Afteranew-typecoronaviruswasfoundinviral肺炎）cases,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays. 16 :Wearmasksoutdoors●Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.●Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin(下巴). 17 ,amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.Coveryourcoughsandsneezewithtissue)Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve,butavoidcoveringwithyourhandsdirectly. 18 Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterthoroughlyforatleast15seconds.BeforeeatingandafterusingthetoiletAfterreturninghomeAftertouchingtrashorgarbageAftercontactingwithanimalsorhandlinganimalwastesStrengthenyourimmunesystemandexerciseregularlyExerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystohelpyoustayawayfromcatchinganyinfections.Makesurethatsharedspaceshavegoodairflowandavoidgoingtocrowdedplacessuchashospitals,railwaystationsandairports. 19 .Seekmedicalattentionimmediatelyifyouhave)offever)infection.Avoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavefluorsymptoms. 20 .Avoidcontactwithwildanimalsorfarmed)withoutanyprotection.A.IfyourhandsarenotvisiblydirtyEatthoroughlycookedmeatandeggsWashyourhandsfrequentlyandproperlyIfyouarenotfeelingwellorhavingafeverWearamaskiftransportormovementisnecessaryVisityourfriendsandsoftenasusual.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,here’swhatyoucando第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Therewasalmostnoreasonformetosingonmy51stbirthday.Beingrecent“emptynesters”,myhusbandandIweredoingourbestto 21 tothetooquiethouse.ThiswasadaywhenI 22 alltogathertogether.Theplan,formy 23 day,wastomeetourdaughters,JaimeandKatieatafancy 24 .Ouryoungest,Katiecalledtosayshemightnotbeableto 25 thecelebrationdinner.Shehadheavy 26 earlierthatdayand,withthelongrideahead,shethoughtit 27 tostayatherownhouseandhaveagoodsleep.Afterall,thiswasmybaby.Howcouldshemovesofarawayfrommeinthefirstplace?ButtherealityIhadto 28 wasthatshedidn’tfeeltheneedto 29 meeveryday.Itmademe 30 myabilitiesasamother.IfelttearsfallingasI 31 whatshehadjustsaidtome.Maybeshefeltthe 32 inmyvoicebecause,onsecond 33 ,shechangedhermind.“But”,shewarned,“Ididn’thavetimeto 34 yougift.”WearrivedwithKatiealreadywaitingforusto 35 .Afterdinnerinit,Katiehandedmeashoppingbag.AsIopenedit,the 36 warmthfilledmyheartagain:amommysittinginarockingchair,holdinga 37 inherarms.Theallexplanationsread: 38 neverleavesamother’sarms.Igotthemessageloudand 39 ,mydaughterstilllovesmethoughshelivesfarawayfromme,and 40 muchlessthanI’dlike.A.respond B.adjust C.react D.contributeA.attracted B.assisted C.expected D.attachedA.special B.painful C.common D.casualA.canteen B.shop C.hotel D.restaurantA.miss B.hold C.prepare D.attendA.weight B.traffic C.work D.rainA.simpler B.better C.worse D.easierA.deny B.stress C.face D.burdenA.understand B.teach C.visit D.phoneA.possess B.doubt C.acknowledge D.improveA.analyzed B.tasted C.repeated D.memorizedA.embarrassment B.confusion C.disappointment D.excitementA.thought B.assessment C.grade D.sighA.award B.spare C.buy D.showA.stayon B.showup C.setoff D.turnawayA.complicated B.contradictory C.academic D.previousA.pet B.baby C.toy D.bookA.love B.mercy C.comfort D.pityA. B.entire C.quick D.clearA.calls B.compensates C.emails D.cares第二节（共第二节（共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TheLanternFestivalfalls41.thefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Thisisthefirstfullmoonofthenewyear,representingunityandperfection.Thisfestivalalsomarksthe42.(office)endofthelongholiday.Therearemanylegends(传说),relatedtotheoriginsoftheLanternFestival.Accordingtoonelegend,onceinancienttimes,acelestial(天堂的)swancameintothehumanworld 43. itwasshotdownbyhunter.TheJadeEmperor（玉皇大帝the 44. (high)godinHeavenwasangryaboutthis.He 45. (plan)anattackontheearthonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonthwithorderstodestroyallpeoplea