高考英语（预习案研习案提能案）一轮第一部分必修五Module1

必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishⅠ.情景默写1.Themanwhothoughtofbining(结合)agasenginewithwheelswastheinventoroftheautomobiles.2.Manypeasantsgotothesouthinattempts(尝试)tomakemoney.3.Hesimplified(简化)thestorysothatthechildrencouldunderstandbetter.4.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrisingsteadily(持续地)since1990.5.Asthefamousexpertremarks(谈论)，thesecretofhappinessistothinkaboutpositivethingsandstayoptimistic.6paring(比较)Tomwithotherathletes，youwillfindthatTomhastheperfectbodyshapeforaswimmer.7.Itisobvious(显而易见的)thatsheisverycleverbecauseshecanworkoutsuchadifficultproblem.8.Herletterwassoconfusing(令人困惑的)thatIcouldhardlymakeanysenseofit.9.Allvarieties(种类)ofgoodsfordailyuseareavailableintheshoppingmall.10.Chinesediffers(不同)greatlyfromJapaneseinpronunciation.11.Allthepeoplepresent(在场的)wereallquitesatisfiedwithhisperformance.12.Theyarenowingreatneedofhelp.Soyoursupportwillcertainlymakeadifference(产生重大影响).13.Itisourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadto(导致)astronger，moreprosperouseconomy.14.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindenoughgroundsonwhichtobasehisargumentsinfavourof(支持)thenewtheory.15.Thanksto(多亏)modernscienceandtechnology，peopleleadamoreandmorefortableandricherlife.Ⅱ.词性转换1.Theconfusedlookonherfaceshowedshewasconfusedbytheconfusingquestion.(confuse)2.Fromtheappearance，wecannottellthedifferencesbetweenthetwins，thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.Asforthisphenomenon，ideasdifferamongmanypeople.(differ)3.Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)4.Afterhewascriticisedbythecritic，herealizedthatcriticismwasveryimportant.(criticise)5.Thebookexplainsgrammarsimplyandclearly，becausetheauthorusedsimpleexamplesentencestosimplifyabstractconcepts.(simple)1.句型公式：while作并列连词，表对比，意为“而，却”2017年夏天，东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。Inthesummerof2017，there’splentyofraininthesoutheast,whilethere’slittleinthenorthwest.2.句型公式：havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难你通过2019年高考有困难吗？Doyouhaveanydifficulty(in)passingtheCollegeEntranceExaminationof2019?3.句型公式：make＋it＋adj.＋forsbtodosth使某人做某事……(it为形式宾语)两个人之间的误解使得他们很难交流。Themisunderstandingbetweenthetwomadeitdifficultforthemtomunicatewitheachother.4.句型公式：v.－ing短语作结果状语热带风暴纳沙于2017年7月袭击了福建，给福州造成了重大损失。TropicalStormNesathitFujianinJuly2017,causinggreatdamagetoFuzhou.第一板块核心词汇1.confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句式升级①Ialwaysconfuseyouwithyoursister.Youaresoalike.②Wecanconcludefromhisconfused(confuse)lookthatheisconfused(confuse)aboutthisconfusing(confuse)problem.③Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.However，sometimesitcanalsocauseconfusion(confuse)acrosscultures.④Hewasconfusedwiththepresentsituationsohedidn’tknowwhattodonext.→Confusedwiththepresentsituation，hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.(过去分词短语作原因状语)状元笔记全记牢(1)confusevt.使困惑；使难于理解confuseAwith/andB把A与B弄混(2)confusedadj.感到困惑的；感到难懂的(3)confusionn.困惑；混乱；混淆inconfusion困惑地；困窘地2parev.比较，比喻，对照n.比较，对照高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级①Ateacherisoftenparedtoacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyondpare.②Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhenparingwithsuchartformsasmusicandpaintingparing→pared③Ifyoupareherworkwithhiswork，you’llfindhersismuchbetter.→paredto/withhiswork，you’llfindherworkismuchbetter.(过去分词短语作状语)→paringherworkwithhiswork，you’llfindhersismuchbetter.(现在分词短语作状语)状元笔记全记牢(1)pare...with...和……比较pare...to...把……比作……paredto/with与……相比(2)beyond/withoutpare无与伦比3.differvi.不同，有区别高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/一句多译①Peopledifferfromoneanotherintheirabilitytohandlestress.②Thispictureisdifferentfromthatoneparethemandtellthedifferencebetweenthem.(differ)③Walkinganhoureverydayhasmadebigdifferencetomyhealth.(2018·河北衡水中学模拟)在made后加a►美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。④TherearemanydifferencesbetweenAmericansandChineseinmanagingtime.(difference)⑤AmericansandChinesediffergreatlyinmanagingtime.(differin)⑥AmericansdifferfromChinesegreatlyinmanagingtime.(differfrom)⑦AmericansareverydifferentfromChineseinmanagingtime.(different)状元笔记全记牢(1)differfrom与……不同differin在……方面不同differwithsbabout/onsth关于某事与某人意见不同(2)differencen.不同；区别makea/no/littledifference(to...)(对……)有/无/几乎无影响tellthedifferencebetween...and...分辨……与……的不同(3)differentadj.不同的；相异的bedifferentfrom/to与……不同bedifferentin在……方面不同4.presentn.现在，目前；礼物v.赠送，呈献adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的高考必刷题练透写出下列句中present的词性及含义/完成句子①Thepanypresentedamedaltohimonthedaywhenheretired.v.赠予②Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.adj.当前的③Allthepeoplepresentatthepartywerehissupporters.(北京卷)adj.出席的④Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashepresentedinclass.(北京卷)vt.陈述；提出⑤Atpresent(现在),moreandmorepeopleareenjoyingSing!China.⑥I’llleavemybicyclebehind.Idon’tneeditforthepresent(暂时).状元笔记全记牢(1)presentsbwithsth＝presentsthtosb把某物赠给某人(2)bepresentat...出席……atpresent现在，目前(3)forthepresent眼前；暂时【点津】present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时常作前置定语。5.attemptvt.(常与不定式连用)企图，尝试n.努力，尝试高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/一句多译①Hewasasproudasapeacockwhenhepassedhisdrivingtestatthefirstattempt.②Theplanwassoimpracticalthatnoattemptmadetorealizeit.在made前加was►他们企图逃跑但是被警察抓住了。③Theyattemptedtoescape/atescapingbutwerecaughtbythepolice.(attemptv.)④Theymadeanattempttoescape/atescapingbutwerecaughtbythepolice.(attemptn.)状元笔记全记牢(1)attempttodosth/atdoingsth尝试或努力做某事(2)makeanattemptatdoing/todosth尝试或努力做某事atone’sfirstattempt第一次尝试6.have...inmon在……方面有相同之处高考必刷题练透根据汉语提示完成片段Judgingfrommonsense/knowledge(常识)，inmonwith(与……一样)othertwins，Lucyshouldhavealotinmonwith(与……有很多共同之处)hertwinsisterLilyinhobbies，buttheirparentssaidtheyhadlittleinmonwith(与……很少有共同之处)eachother，whichsurprisedallofus.状元笔记全记牢(1)havealot/much/agreatdeal/nothing/littleinmonwith...与……有很多/没有/很少共同之处inmonwith...与……一样(2)monsense常识；情理7.leadto引起，导致；通向高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/词汇升级①Alackofconfidencecanleadtoalotofsuffering.②Herconstantlyingledmetodistrust(distrust)everythingshesaid.③ImakethempracticespeakingEnglishinaninterestingway.→IleadthemtopracticespeakingEnglishinaninterestingway.状元笔记全记牢(1)leadsbto＋n.带领某人到……；使某人得出(观点)leadsbtodosth使某人做某事(2)leada...life过着……的生活leadtheway领路；引路【点津】leadto中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.－ing形式。第二板块经典句式8.havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级①—Didyouhavedifficultyfinding(find)Ann’shouse?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.(2015·北京卷)②Forme，thereisnotroublefinishing(finish)thetaskintwodays.③Ihadahardtimefinishthetaskwhilehewasonthecontrary.finish→finishing④Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficulty.Ihadgreatdifficultyinlookingafterthesenoisychildren.→YoucanhardlyimaginethegreatdifficultyIhadinlookingafterthesenoisychildren.(定语从句)状元笔记全记牢havedifficulty(in)doingsth其中difficulty为不可数名词，difficulty前可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。表示“做某事(没)有困难”的其它结构：(1)havedifficultywithsth(2)havetrouble/problemswithsth/indoingsth(3)haveahardtime(in)doingsth(4)There’sdifficulty/troublewithsth/indoingsth【点津】在语法填空中，常将havedifficultydoingsth句式中的difficulty提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为doing形式。Ⅰ.课文语法填空BritishEnglish1.differs(difference)fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.Themostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.Sometimes，thesamewordhasa2.slightly(slight)differentmeaning，whichcanbe3.confusing(confuse).Besides，therearesomedifferencesingrammar，spellingandpronunciationbetweenthetwovarieties，4.whichsometimesmakespeoplefromdifferentplaceshave5.difficulty(difficult)inunderstandingeachother.Despitethedifferences，theystillhavemuch6.inmon，andmunicationsacrosstheAtlantic7.havedeveloped(develop)steadilywhichhasledtothem8.moving(move)closer.Thoughthereseemstobemany“Englishes”andpeoplespeakEnglishwithdifferent9.accents(accent)，usersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother，10.wherevertheyare.Ⅱ.课文短文改错NoahWebster，ateacherwhograduatedfromYaleUniversityin1778，oncefightagainsttheBritishintheAmericanWarofIndependence.HefeltthatwritingEnglishinthenewlyindependentUnitedStatesshouldhavedistinctive“American”look.Hisfirstbook，TheElementarySpellingBook，suggestedsimplifythespellingofEnglishwords.Thebookwasextremepopular.Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear，makingthemoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.What’smore，WebsterismostknownforhisAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage，whichfirstwasappearedin1828.Today，itwasstillthenumberonedictionariesforAmericanstudents.答案NoahWebster，ateacherwhograduatedfromYaleUniversityin1778，onceeq\f(fight,fought)againsttheBritishintheAmericanWarofIndependence.Hefeltthateq\f(writing,written)EnglishinthenewlyindependentUnitedStatesshouldhavedistinctive“American”look.Hisfirstbook，TheElementarySpellingBook，suggestedeq\f(simplify,simplifying)thespellingofEnglishwords.Thebookwaseq\f(extreme,extremely)popular.Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear，makingeq\f(them,it)oneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.What’smore，Websteriseq\f(most,best)knownforhisAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage，whichfirsteq\a\vs4\al(was)appearedin1828.Today，iteq\f(was,is)stillthenumberoneeq\f(dictionaries,dictionary)forAmericanstudents.Ⅲ.教材与写作假设你是李华，在大学英语专业学习，不知道该选择学习英式英语还是美式英语。请你给你的外国朋友Jack写信征求建议。要点：1.你的困惑；2.征求建议。注意：1.请根据以上提示写一篇50词左右的短文；2.尽量使用本模块的知识点；3.可适当增加细节。【参考范文】DearJack，I’mmajoringinEnglishnow，whichismyfavouritesubject.However，I’mconfusedaboutthechoiceofBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.Ireallyhavedifficultymakingadecision.DoesitmakeadifferencewhetheronespeaksBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish?Don’ttheyhavealotinmon?Whichareyouinfavourof?Wouldyougivemesomeadvicewithreferencetothisproblem?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHuaA(2018·新疆普通高考第二次适应性检测)AWaytoMakeYourOld，SlowputerLike－NewAgainIsyourputerpainfullyslow?Haveyouconsideredbuyinganewfasterputerbutthepriceofevenabasiconediscouragesyou?Well，fortunately，there’sanewdevicethathasrecentlyhitthemarketandit’sabsolutelygivingold，slowputerslightning－fastspeedagain.Theclevernewdeviceissavingpeoplehundreds(eventhousands)butthebigputerpaniesaren’thappyaboutit!*WhatIsIt?It’scalledXtra－PCandifyouhaveanold，slowputer，itisexactlywhatyou’vebeenwaitingfor.Xtra－PCisasmallthumbdriveyousimplyplugintoyourputer’sUSBportanditinstantlytransformsyouroldputertoalike－newone.Itworkswithanyputer(MacorWindows)laptop，desktop，andnetbooksmadein2004orlater.*HowDoesItWork?Supereasy!Allyouhavetodois...*PlugItIn—SimplyplugXtra－PCintoaUSBportwhileyourputeristurnedoff.*TurnYourputerOn—SelectbootfromUSBandbingo，you’regoodtogo.*EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan15minutes，you’llbeshockedatthedifferenceintheperformanceofyourputer.*WhatCanIDowithMyLike－Newputer?*Surftheweb*Shareonsocialmedia*Writeemails*Watchvideos*Playgames*Safelyshoponline*Andmore!*HowMuchIsThisGoingtoCostMe?Thisisnotajoke.Xtra－PCisonly$24.99!Andtheyoffera30－daymoneybackguarantee.TherehonestlyisnogoodreasonnottotryXtra－PC.YoucangetXtra－PCdirectfromthepany’swebsite.Makesuretobuyitfromtheofficialsiteastherearemanyknockoffsonthemarkettoday.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一款让老而慢的电脑焕然一新的设备。1.ThebigputerpaniesareunhappywithXtra－PCmainlybecause.A.peoplewillneverbuyanyputerB.itwillprobablyaffecttheirprofitsC.itmakesputersfasterandmoreaffordableD.it’sanewtypeofputerwithcreativedesign答案B[推理判断题。根据第一部分的最后一句可推知，这个新设备会使人们省钱，但会影响大型电脑公司的利润，故选B。]2.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutXtra－PC?A.Youshouldturnonyourputerwhenpluggingitin.B.Youshouldreturnitoveramonthtogetyourmoneyback.C.Youcanuseittochangeanyoldputerintoanewone.D.Youcanimprovetheperformanceofyouroldputerwithit.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，有了这个新设备，老电脑的运行速度能大大加快，与文中的“...beshockedatthedifferenceintheperformanceofyourputer.”呼应，故选D。]3.Theunderlinedword“knockoffs”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.cheapcopiesofawell－knownproductB.illegalwebsitesthatcheatpeopleC.falsemessagesontheInternetDpanieswithabadreputation答案A[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可推知，要去官网买此设备，因为市场上有许多廉价仿冒品，故选A。]4.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.tellreadershowtospeedupyourputerB.encouragereaderstobuyanewdeviceC.introduceanewinventiontoreadersD.explaintoreadershowXtra－PCworks答案C[写作意图题。根据本文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款可以使老电脑焕然一新的设备，由此可推知，本文主要是向读者推荐这款新产品，故选C。]B(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)WhenIwasincollege，IspentasemesterstudyingabroadattheUniversityofStrathclydeinGlasgow，Scotland.Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery.Youmightthink，“Scotlandisn’tsodifferentfromtheU.S.；theystillspeakEnglishthere！”ButwhenIsteppedofftheplane，Iwasgreetedbyagruff－voiced(声音粗哑的)ladyatcustoms.“You’llbeingfromAmerica，then？”Sheaskedme，andInodded.“ButallofourguysareleavingGlasgowfortheStates！”HerthickScottishEnglishandsenseofhumorwereobviousrightaway.IwasnotintheU.S.anymore，wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound.AsIsettledinattheuniversity，Icouldfeelmyselfgettingusedtohearing—andevenspeaking—theScottishEnglishofmycustomsagent.Inclassroomdiscussions，peoplewouldsay“em”whentheycouldn’tthinkofwhattosayinsteadof“um”，whichwasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks，Istoppedchucklingaboutthis.Strathclydestudentsstayeduplateintothenight，runningaroundcampusandshouting，“Go！Lat’sgo，lat’sgo，lat’sgo(curseword)Glasgow！”Prettysoon，Iwasnolongersaying“thanks”atthesupermarket—instead，Isaid“cheers”.MyScottishfriendsdrankwhiskeyandatehaggis(羊杂碎布丁).IdrankplentyofwhiskeybutIwasashamedtoadmitthatIwasn’tbraveenoughtotryhaggis.Scottishbakeriesusuallysellbridies(肉馅饼).Addacupoftea—thoughIusuallyAmericanizeditbychoosingcoffeeinstead—andabridiemakesforadeliciousbreakfast.EverytimeItookatrainanywhereinScotland，I’dgazeoutattherollinghillsandwonderifgrasswasgreenerthananywhereelseintheworld.ThenI’dreflectthatthere’sareasonthiscountrywasthebirthplaceofgolf.【语篇导读】本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习期间的体验：居民友好，食物独特，景色优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有区别。5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheladyatcustoms?A.Impolite. B.Friendly.C.Serious. D.Calm.答案B[推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，作者认为她的苏格兰英语和幽默用得恰到好处，而美国的海关工作人员却从来不跟人开玩笑；据此可推断，作者认为这位在海关工作的女士是友好的，故B项正确。]6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chuckling”inParagraph3mean?A.Talkingloudly. Bparing.C.Laughingquietly. D.Hearing.答案C[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Inclassroom...aboutthis.”并结合“Prettysoon，I...said‘cheers’.”可推知，在教室讨论时，“我”发现他们的发音很有趣。几周后，“我”适应了他们的发音，所以不再偷笑。故画线词意为“偷笑”，C项正确。]7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.ToexplainwhyScotlandisfamousforgolf.B.TopromotethedevelopmentofScottishcateringtrade.C.Tointroducedifferentpronunciationsof“em”and“um”.D.TosharehisexperiencesinScotlandasanexchangestudent.答案D[写作意图题。通读全文并结合第一段中的“Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery.”可知，本文旨在和读者分享“我”在苏格兰做交换生期间所感受到的苏格兰文化、美食和美景，故D项正确。]C(2018·重庆调研推测二)Astheworldbeesmoreconnected，thenumberofpeoplelivingoutsidetheirhomecountryisontherise.Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown，theglobalmunitynetworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExpatInsidersurvey.InMalta，warmweatherandnearnesstoEuropearethebigdrawsforthisMediterraneannation.Theclimateleadstoaslowerpaceoflife.“Someshopshavea‘siesta’earlyintheafternoon，andmanypeoplenoticeslowserviceattherestaurants，”saidanInterNationsConsulfromRome.“Iremembersittingatatablearound8p.m.onceandleavingatmidnight!Weonlyhadastarterandonemain.”InEcuador，friendlypeople，affordablehealthcareandtasty，cheapfoodarejustafewreasonsastowhyexpatslovelivinginEcuador.Plus，thecountry’sdiversecitiesgiveexpatsalotofchoices.