04- 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考Ⅰ卷专用）（解析版）

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷专用）黄金卷04（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whichpartofthespeechshouldtheboyimprove?A．Thevocabulary. B．Thepronunciation. C．Thelogic.【答案】C【原文】M:Helen,whatdoyouthinkofmyspeech?W:Well,youusedtherightwords,andyourpronunciationwasquiteallright.Butyoumadesomestatementsthatdidn’tmakeanysense.M:Isee.Iwillworkonthatpartnexttime.2．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Theshopkeepercanhelp.B．Heisnotinterestedinart.C．Heknowstheareaverywell.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,whereisthenearestsubwaystation?Iwanttovisittheartgalleryintown.M:Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’thelp.I’mnotanativehere.Isuggestthatyouasktheshopkeeperintheclothingstoreacrossthestreet.W:Thanks.3．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Annoyed. B．Concerned. C．Confused.【答案】A【原文】W:Comeon.Let’smovetoanothertable.M:What’swrong,Beatrice?It’sinconvenientforustomoveourbags,booksandpens.W:You’reright.Butlook,themannexttousissmokinghereinthelibrary.Ican’tstandit!Iwillfindsomeoneincharge.4．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inahospital. B．Inagrocerystore. C．Inarestaurant.【答案】B【原文】W:Ifyoudon’tneedanythingelse,wewillgotothecheckoutthere,honey.M:Hmm…Istillwantsomeoranges.Theylooksofresh.W:Sure.Theweatherisdrythesedays.Yourdadoftencoughsinthemorning.Orangesmaybehelpful.5．Whydoesn’tthewomanwearthepinkskirt?A．It’salittlesmall.B．Ithasabrightcolor.C．It’stoocasualforaformaloccasion.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,darling!WhichskirtdoyouplantowearforJane’sweddingceremony?W:I’dliketowearthepinkone,foritsuitsmewell.Butyouknowit’sjusttoocasual.IsupposeI’dbetterdecideontheblueone.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Makeareservation. B．Changehisflight. C．Cancelhisorder.7．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnJanuary13th. B．OnJanuary14th. C．OnJanuary15th.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】W:ReservationCenter.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Yes.It’saboutmyplaneticket.W:MayIhaveyourname,please?M:MynameisZhangRui.Infact,IhaveareservationonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.tomorrow.NowI’dliketomakeachangeofmytravelschedule.W:Whendoyouplantomakeit?M:Isitpossibletochangemybookingtothedayaftertomorrow?W:Yes.YouarereconfirmedonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.onJanuary15th.M:Thanksalot.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatdoesthemantellthewoman?A．Check-outtime. B．Thebill. C．Hisbaddream.9．Whattimeisitnow?A．11:30a.m. B．2:00p.m. C．6:00p.m.10．Howdoesthemansound?A．Tired. B．Grateful. C．Understanding.【答案】8．A9．A10．C【原文】M:Hello,Ms.Lee?W:Yes,speaking!M:I’mjustcallingtoremindyouthatyoumustcheckoutbynoon.W:OhmyGod.It’salready11:30a.m.M:Thereisa$30extrafeeforlatecheckout.W:Doyouthinkyoucouldgivemeabreak?Ihadanawfulnightyesterday.M:Whathappened,Ms.Lee?W:Ijustlayinbedalmostsleeplessuntil6a.m.M:I’msorrytohearthat.W:SoIwaswonderingifIcouldcheckoutalittlelater.M:IthinkIcanmakeanexceptionthistime.Doyouthinkyouwillbeabletocheckoutby2:00p.m.?W:Noproblem.Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Whatdoesthewomanwanttochange?A．Thesubjectofthemeeting. B．Thetimeofthemeeting. C．Thelocationofthemeeting.12．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Bossandemployee. C．Teacherandstudent.【答案】11．B12．C【原文】W:Oh,Philip.Weweresupposedtomeetearlierthismorningtodiscussyourschoolwork,weren’twe?M:Yes,that’sright.W:I’msorryIcouldn’tbeatmyoffice.Ihadtosortoutaprobleminthecanteen.Couldwemeetthisafternoon?M:Idon’tthinkIcan.Ihavedoublephysicsandthenmathsthisafternoon.W:OK.Howaboutlunchtime?M:That’sfine.W:Itwon’ttakelong.Ijustwanttogothroughyourprogresssofar.Idon’tthinkthereareanyproblemswithyourwork,arethere?M:No,everything’sfine,asfarasI’mconcerned.W:Well,stillcomealongtomyofficewhenyou’reready.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatistheman?A．He’sacoach. B．He’sanathlete. C．He’sashopassistant.14．Whydoesthewoman’sbrotherseldomgoswimming?A．Heisoftenoutwithhisfriends. B．Helivesfarfromthebeach. C．Hedoesn’tlikeswimming.15．Whichitemwillthewomanpayforatlast?A．Aswimmingsuit. B．Askateboard. C．Asurfboard.16．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Doingsports. B．Havingarace. C．Buyingagift.【答案】13．C14．A15．C16．C【原文】W:Hi,I’mlookingforapresentformylittlebrother’sbirthday,butI’mnotsurewhattogethim.M:Well,we’reintheskateboardsection,soisitaskateboardthatyou’rethinkingofgettinghim?W:I’mnotsure.He’sbeenskateboardingsincehewasfiveyearsold!M:Isee.Ifhealreadyhasaskateboard,howaboutsomethingabitdifferent?Doeshelikeswimming?W:Helovesit,buthe’salwaysoutwithhisfriends,sohenevergetstoswimthatmuch.It’sashamebecauseourhomeisonlyfiveminutesfromthebeach.M:Howaboutgettinghimasurfboard?Ifhe’skeenonskateboarding,he’sgoingtolovesurfing.W:Whatagreatidea!He’sneverdoneitbefore,butIthinkit’sperfect!However,I’mthinkingthismaygetabitexpensiveifheneedsaswimmingsuittoo.M:It’syourluckydaybecausewearedoingadealatthemoment.Ifyoubuyasurfboard,theswimmingsuitcomesfree!W:Excellent!Mybrotherisgoingtolovethis!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhatdidthreeuniversitiesinAustraliadecidetodo?A．DesignalandmarkbuildingusingAL.B．AllowstudentstouseAIwhentakingexams.C．EncouragestudentstowriteessaysusingChatGPT.18．Whatisartificialintelligenceposinghugechallengesfor?A．TheInternet. B．Examfairness. C．Drivingsafety.19．HowlongdoesittakeChatGPTtocreateauthentic-lookingtexts?A．Seconds. B．Minutes. C．Hours.20．What’sDrVitomirKovanovic’sattitudetoAI?A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Favourable.【答案】17．B18．B19．A20．C【原文】Thewideapplicationofartificialintelligenceinourlivesiscreatingwaves.ThreeuniversitiesinAustraliahaveadoptedwhatseemslikealandmarkpolicy.ThethreeinstitutionsareallowingstudentstouseAlwhentakingassessments,althoughunderstrictconditions.ProfessorRomyLawsonsaid,“Insteadofbanningstudentsfromusingsuchprogrammes,weaimtoassistacademicstaffandstudentstousedigitaltoolstosupportlearning.”TheInternetisfilledwithAItextgenerators.Thesecanbeusedtocreateessaysthatlookauthenticenoughtofoolexaminers.ArtificialIntelligenceisposinghugechallengestoexamfairness.Itisthebiggestdestructorsincecalculatorswereallowedintomathstests.ThelatestdilemmaforeducatorscomesfromalanguageprocessingchatboxcalledChatGPT.Thiscanproducehighlyauthentichuman-likecontentonanysubjectinseconds.Ithascausedfearsthatstudentswilluseittowriteessays.TheUniversityofSouthAustralia’sDrVitomirKovanovicsaidteachersneededtoacceptAI.Hesaid,“TeachersneedtoacceptAI.Youcannotstopit.ThealternativeistheMiddleAges-goingtopenandpaper.Universitiesneededtochangewiththetimes.”Headded,“It’slikehavingadrivingschool,butteachingpeoplehowtoridehorses.”第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2023·河北沧州·沧州市第二中学校联考三模）FourPreschoolWinterStoriesTheSnowyDaybyEzraJackKeatsKeatscapturesthatchildhoodjoyofplayinginthesnow.Theboy,Peter,putsonhissnowsuitandheadsoutintothebeautifulsnow.Theillustrationsareabsolutelybeautiful.Itisfulloffun.Petertakessomesnowhomewithhiminhispocketonlytofindthatitmeltedwhilehewastakingabath.Ohno!Isthatthelastofsnow?Nottoworry,thesnowiswaitingforPeterinthemorning.HowtoCatchaYeti(雪人)byAdamWallaceInthissillysnowyadventure,thekidssetawholebunchofclevertrapstocatchayeti.However,theyetieasilyescapesandthetrapsbackfireonthekidswithfunnyresults.Ifyoulookcloselyattheillustrations,youcanfind“hidden”membersoftheyeti’sfamilywatchingthekids.WinterDancebyMarionDaneBauerThisisasweetstorythatteacheskidsabouthowanimalsspendthewinter.Asthefirstsnowflakefallsonthefox’snose,foxwonderswhatheissupposedtodoinwinter.Theotherforestanimalstellhimhowtheyprepareforwinter.Someflysouth,othersstorefood,andsomehibernate(冬眠).Unfortunatelynoneoftheseideaswillworkforfox.Finally,anotherfoxcomesalongandshareswhatfoxesdoinwinter—theydanceinthefallingsnow!BearisAwake:anAlphabetStorybyHannahE.HarrisonWithhardlyanywords,thereaderpiecesthestorytogetherfromthefantasticillustrationsandthealphabetletterandcorrespondingwordoneachpage.Inthisbook,abearawakenstooearly(A=awake)andsetsoffinsearchoffood.Itfindsalittlegirlinacabin,who,throughaseriesofhumorousevents,helpsthebearreturntoitshomeandgobacktosleep.21．InwhichbookistheleadingcharacterPeter?A．TheSnowyDay. B．HowtoCatchaYeti.C．WinterDance. D．BearisAwake:anAlphabetStory.22．What’sthebookWinterDanceabout?A．Thejoyofplayinginthesnow. B．Thewayanimalsspendthewinter.C．Thestoryofanimalshibernating. D．Abearinsearchoffood.23．Whowrotethebookwithhardlyanywords?A．EzraJackKeats. B．AdamWallace.C．MarionDaneBauer. D．HannahE.Harrison.【答案】21．A22．B23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了四本适合学龄前儿童看的有关冬天的书。21．细节理解题。根据“TheSnowyDaybyEzraJackKeats”部分的“Theboy,Peter,putsonhissnowsuit(男孩，彼得，穿上了他的雪衣)”可知彼得是TheSnowyDay这本书的主角，故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据“WinterDancebyMarionDaneBauer”部分的“Thisisasweetstorythatteacheskidsabouthowanimalsspendthewinter.(这是一个可爱的故事，教孩子们动物如何过冬)”可知WinterDance这本书是关于动物们过冬的方式，故选B项。23．细节理解题。根据“BearisAwake:anAlphabetStorybyHannahE.Harrison”部分的“Withhardlyanywords(几乎没有任何言语)”可知HannahE.Harrison写的BearisAwake:anAlphabetStory这本书几乎没有任何语言，故选D项。B（2023·浙江温州·统考二模）In1986,Iwatchedmyfirstsoccermatchonmyparents’bigboxtelevision.Iwassix,andeversincethen,IhavedreamedofattendingtheWorldCup.Thisyear,ItraveledtoBraziltomakemydreamareality.ThefirstmatchIattendedwasbetweenAustraliaandSpain.Withinminutesofwalkingintothestadium,Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbytheexcitedfans,talkingandcheeringtogether.Unlikewhatonenormallyseesonthenews,thismatchwasmainlypeacefulexceptforonefight.Whenthefightstarted,thewholesectionbeganchanting(呼喊)withonevoice,askingthosefightingtostop.Whentheydidn’t,therabble-rousersweresentoutbysecurityguardsminuteslater.WhatstruckmeaboutthegamesIattendedwasthesenseofcamaraderie.Imetsoccerfansfromdifferentcountries.Sometimeswewerecheeringforthesameteamandsometimesforoppositeteams,butthatdidn’tstopusfrombecomingfriends.Thestandswerenotdividedbetweenteams,andtheinteractionwasoftenspirit-lifting.IalsowatchedthegameinSaoPaulothatousted(淘汰)BrazilfromtheWorldCup.IwaswithfriendsatalargebarwhichhostedamixofBrazilianandGermansupporters.AsGermanyscoredonegoalafteranother,thesadnessandeventearswerevisibleonthefacesofBrazilians.ButGermanfanscametotheBrazilianstocomfortthemandapologizethatthegamewasendingwithsuchabiggap.Everyonewashopingforagoodmatch.WhatIloveabouttheWorldCupisthatitprovidesachanceforpeopletolearnaboutothercountriesandcultures.Peoplelearnaboutthecountriesoftheteamstheysupportandabouttheiropponents’historyandculture.Soccerisagamethatnotonlygivespeoplethechancetolearnabouteachotherbutalsohasthepotentialtounitepeople.Sportscanbeadividingforce,butthetruespiritofsportsisaboutunityandfun.ThematchesatthisWorldCuphavebeenexactlythatsofar,andIhopeitremainsso.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rabble-rousers”inparagraph2referto?A．Theinjuredplayers. B．Thefightingfans.C．Theexcitedviewers. D．Thesecurityguards.25．Whatimpressedtheauthormostaboutthegamesthatheattended?A．Thechantingfans. B．Thepeacefulatmosphere.C．Thewarmfriendship. D．Theplayers’performance.26．Whydidtheauthormentionhisbarexperience?A．Topresentafact. B．Toillustrateapoint.C．Tosolveaproblem. D．Tomakeacomparison.27．Whatismainlyconveyedinthepassage?A．Fans’supportcountsinsports. B．TheWorldCupisworthattending.C．Sportsbringtheworldtogether. D．Sportsareaboutculturalexchange.【答案】24．B25．C26．B27．C【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议。文章主要叙述了作者参加世界杯的经历，包括亲眼所见的现场情况以及自己的感受，通过这些经历来说明体育运动可以团结人们，避免文化差异产生的隔阂，达到文化交流的效果。24．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Unlikewhatonenormallyseesonthenews,thismatchwasmainlypeacefulexceptforonefight.(与新闻上通常看到的不同，这场比赛主要是和平的，除了一场斗殴。)”及“Whenthefightstarted,thewholesectionbeganchanting(呼喊)withonevoice,askingthosefightingtostop.(打架开始时，整个看台开始异口同声地高呼，要求斗殴者停止)”及结合划线句子“Whentheydidn’t,therabble-rousersweresentoutbysecurityguardsminuteslater.(当他们没有这样做时，……在几分钟后被保安人员送出去。)”可知，观众呼喊打架停止，打架者没有听，被保安带了出去，因此推测rabble-rousers的意思为打架的粉丝，故选B。25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhatstruckmeaboutthegamesIattendedwasthesenseofcamaraderie.Imetsoccerfansfromdifferentcountries.Sometimeswewerecheeringforthesameteamandsometimesforoppositeteams,butthatdidn’tstopusfrombecomingfriends.(我参加的比赛让我印象深刻的是友情。我遇到了来自不同国家的足球迷。有时我们为同一支球队欢呼，有时为对立的球队欢呼，但这并没有阻止我们成为朋友。)”可知，让作者印象深刻的是热情的友谊。故选C。26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“IwaswithfriendsatalargebarwhichhostedamixofBrazilianandGermansupporters.AsGermanyscoredonegoalafteranother,thesadnessandeventearswerevisibleonthefacesofBrazilians.ButGermanfanscametotheBrazilianstocomfortthemandapologizethatthegamewasendingwithsuchabiggap.Everyonewashopingforagoodmatch.(我和朋友在一个大酒吧，那里有巴西和德国的支持者。当德国队一个接一个地进球时，巴西人脸上可以看到悲伤甚至泪水。但德国球迷来到巴西人面前安慰他们，并为比赛以如此大的差距结束而道歉。每个人都希望有一场精彩的比赛。)”及第五段“WhatIloveabouttheWorldCupisthatitprovidesachanceforpeopletolearnaboutothercountriesandcultures.(我喜欢世界杯的原因是它为人们提供了一个了解其他国家和文化的机会。)”可知，作者提到自己酒吧的经历是为了说明一点，即运动可以团结不同国家和文化背景的人们。故选B。27．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了作者在巴西参加世界杯的经历，以及体育运动有可能让来自不同国家和文化背景的人团结在一起。根据第五段中“Peoplelearnaboutthecountriesoftheteamstheysupportandabouttheiropponents’historyandculture.Soccerisagamethatnotonlygivespeoplethechancetolearnabouteachotherbutalsohasthepotentialtounitepeople.(人们了解他们支持的球队的国家以及对手的历史和文化。足球是一项不仅让人们有机会相互了解，而且还有可能团结人们的游戏。)”以及第六段“Sportscanbeadividingforce,butthetruespiritofsportsisaboutunityandfun.ThematchesatthisWorldCuphavebeenexactlythatsofar,andIhopeitremainsso.(体育可以是一种分开的力量，但真正的体育精神是团结和乐趣。到目前为止，本届世界杯的比赛就是这样，我希望它能继续保持下去。)”,再结合作者分享了来自不同团队的球迷之间的和睦互动及合作，强调了体育运动可以促进文化交流，让人们了解其他国家和文化，可推断，文章揭示了体育运动尽管偶尔会出现冲突，但最主要的还是将全世界人民团结在一起，促进文化交流与理解。故选C。C（2023·湖南郴州·统考一模）Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforbeinglazy,youmightevenbeshockedandangry.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys(僧帽猴).Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetoken(代币)forfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutneighboringrooms,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecameobviouslydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereitherthrewherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoleadtoresentment(抱怨)inafemalecapuchin.Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation(义愤感),itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritoriginatesfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.28．Inthefirstparagraph,howdoestheauthorintroducehistopic?A．Byposingaquestion. B．Byexplaininganassumption.C．Byexplainingadefinition. D．Bymakingacomparison.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedstatement“itisalltoomonkey”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Dislikingunfairnessisalsomonkeys’nature.B．Monkeyshaveareputationforlaziness.C．Monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother.D．Noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions.30．Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys________.A．prefergrapestocucumbersB．willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheatedC．canbetaughttoexchangethingsD．areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers31．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Animalscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.B．Animalsseldomshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.C．Humanangerevolvedfromanuncertainsource.D．Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.【答案】28．D29．A30．B31．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的SarahBrosnan和FransdeWaal对猴子个性进行的一项研究。28．推理判断题。从文章第一段“Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforbeinglazy,youmightevenbeshockedandangry.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).(人人都喜欢大幅加薪。然而，如果你得知一位同事得到了更大的奖励，你自己的快乐就会消失。事实上，如果他有懒惰的名声，你甚至可能会感到震惊和愤怒。这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，认为其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的悲愤意识。)”可知，在第一段中，作者通过对比介绍了其主题。故选D。29．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).(这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，认为其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的悲愤意识。)”和“aswell(也)”可知，SarahBrosnan和FransdeWaal进行的研究则表明猴子同样会“因为不公平而不愤怒”，故划线部分的意思是“怨恨不公平也是猴子的天性”，故选A。30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.(只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时，这种合作才可能稳定。)”可知，Brosnan和deWaal博士最终在他们的研究中发现猴子如果感到被欺骗，就不会合作，故选B。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritoriginatesfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.(然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来，还是起源于3500万年前这两个物种的共同祖先，至今仍是一个没有答案的问题。)”可推断，人类的愤怒源自一个不确定的来源。故选C。D（2023上·广东广州·高三广州市第三中学校考阶段练习）Whileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybehaviors—drinkingalcohol,smokingcigarettesandcuttingclassesoftenalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing,anewstudyfindsthatthere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamementalsymptoms.Theseteensusetonsofmedia,getinsufficientsleepandhaveasedentary(不爱活动的)lifestyle.Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremethataretrulyinadangerousposition.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeencalledthe“invisiblerisk”groupbythestudy’sauthors.Thestudy’sauthorssurveyed15,395studentsandanalyzednineriskbehaviors,includingexcessivealcoholuse,illegaldruguse,heavysmokingandhighmediause.Theiraimwastodeterminetherelationshipbetweentheseriskbehaviorsandmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.ThefindingscaughtCarlioffguard.“Wedidn’texpectthat,”hesays.“Thehigh-riskgroupandlow-riskgroupareobvious,butthisthirdgroupwasnotonlyunexpected.Itwassodistinctandsolarger—nearlyonethirdofoursample—thatitbecameakeyfindingofthestudy.”Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearlywarningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentifications,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.32．Whichteenagerprobablybelongstothe“invisiblegroup”?A．Ateenagerwhodrinksfrequently. B．Ateenagerwhoexercisesregularly.C．Ateenagerwhoskipsschool. D．Ateenagerwhosuffersfromalackofsleep.33．Whatcanweknowaboutthenewstudy?A．Itwasconductedbyanalyzingandcomparingthepreviousdata.B．Itwasintendedtodigintothereasonsfordepression.C．Itrevealedanalarmingrateoftheinvisiblegroupsufferingdepression.D．Itsfindingswereunderexpectationoftheresearchteam.34．WhatisCarli’sattitudetowardthefindings?A．Unclear. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.35．Theauthorwrotethispassageto______.A．introduceanewtherapyforteens’mentaldisorderB．warabouttheunobservedsignalsforteens’mentalproblemsC．shareanovelpsychologicalexperimentwithteensD．cautionteensagainstdevelopingunhealthyhabits【答案】32．D33．C34．B35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究表明生活作息不规律的青少年有患抑郁症的风险。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseteensusetonsofmedia,getinsufficientsleepandhaveasedentary(不爱活动的)lifestyle.Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremethataretrulyinadangerousposition.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeencalledthe“invisiblerisk”groupbythestudy’sauthors.(这些青少年使用大量的媒体，睡眠不足，生活方式久坐不动。当然，这可能听起来像是对地球上每一个青少年的描述。但研究表明，那些极端地从事这三种行为的青少年才是真正处于危险境地的人。因为他们的行为通常不会被视为危险信号，这些年轻人被该研究的作者称为“隐形风险”群体)”可知，睡眠不足的青少年可能属于“隐形群体”。故选D。33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.(在所有九种危险行为中得分较高的那一组最有可能出现抑郁症状;总的来说，这一组中有近15%的人患有抑郁症，而低风险组中只有4%的人患有抑郁症。但隐形人群的情况并不比高危人群差多少，其中超过13%的人表现出抑郁)”可推知，这项新研究揭示了隐形风险组患抑郁症的比率惊人。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearlywarningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentifications,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.(Carli说，他的研究最重要的一点是，它为父母、老师和精神卫生保健提供者提供了新的早期预警信号。他说，对心理健康问题的早期识别、支持和治疗是防止它们演变成全面失调的最好方法)”可知，Carli表示这项研究最重要的发现之一是它为父母、老师和精神健康服务提供者提供了新的早期预警信号，及早发现、支持和治疗精神健康问题，可以预防它们演变为更严重的问题。由此推知，Carli对这项研究的发现持积极态度。故选B。35．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybehaviors—drinkingalcohol,smokingcigarettesandcuttingclassesoftenalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing,anewstudyfindsthatthere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamementalsymptoms.(虽然酗酒、吸烟和逃课等危险行为会使青少年有患抑郁症的风险，但一项新的研究发现，还有另一群青少年也有同样的心理症状)”结合文章主要介绍了一项新研究，发现了一些青少年患抑郁症的隐形风险因素，并强调了早期发现和治疗精神健康问题的重要性，以预防它们演变为更严重的问题。由此推知，作者的目的是警告人们注意青少年精神问题的未被注意到的信号。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023上·湖南常德·高三汉寿县第一中学校考阶段练习）WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtakeoutcanbeterriblyattractive.36However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.·It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:37·Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.38Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).·Youcanbetterestimatecalories.39Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwill