2024年江苏省南通市如皋市、崇川区中考二模英语试题

2024年初中毕业、升学模拟考试试卷英语考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项1.本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在答题卡指定的位置。3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。4.答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上，在草稿纸、试卷上答题一律无效。第Ⅰ卷（选择题共60分）一、单项选择（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.SinceNantongMetroLine2cameintooperation,thetimeonthetriphasbeenmuchlessthan________inthepast.A.that B.this C.one D.it【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：自从南通地铁2号线投入运营以来，出行时间比过去少了很多。考查代词辨析。that特指同名异物；this这个；one泛指同名异物；it特指同名同物。此处特指“thetime”，对比过去的时间与现在的时间，属于同名异物，且为不可数名词，应用that，故选A。2.Asateacher,Ihopestudentswillgainmore________thatcanbetakenawayfrommyclass.A.choices B.inventions C.situations D.memories【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：作为一名教师，我希望学生们能从我的课堂上获得更多可以带走的记忆。考查名词辨析。choices选择；inventions发明；situations情况；memories记忆。根据“Ihopestudentswillgainmore…thatcanbetakenawayfrommyclass.”可知，在这个句子中，“memories”最符合语境，因为它描述了学生从课堂上获得并可以带走的具体内容——即他们关于课堂学习和体验的记忆。故选D。3.Tobetterkeeptheartoftheembroidery(刺绣),RugaoSilkCarpetMuseumshowssomeofthe________examplesofthistraditionalartform.A.finest B.easiest C.hardest D.funniest【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：为了更好地保留刺绣艺术，如皋丝绸地毯博物馆展示了一些这种传统艺术形式的最佳范例。考查形容词辨析。finest最好的；easiest最容易的；hardest最难的；funniest最搞笑的。根据“Tobetterkeeptheartoftheembroidery”以及“examplesofthistraditionalartform.”可知，是指展示了中国传统艺术形式的一些最好的例子，应用finest。故选A。4.—Thewindofearlyspringisassharpasscissors.—Howbeautifulitsounds!Thewriter________thewindoftheearlyspringtoscissorsinthispoem.A.connects B.compares C.contacts D.completes【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——二月春风似剪刀。——这首诗听起来多么美妙啊！在这首诗中，诗人把早春的风比作剪刀。考查动词辨析。connects连接；compares比较；contacts联系；completes完成。根据“...thewindoftheearlyspringtoscissors”可知此处是把早春的风比作剪刀，compare…to为固定搭配，表示“把……比作……”。故选B。5.Intheperformanceofthetextbookdrama,thegirl’sactingskillsareprettygood________allpraise.A.against B.over C.beyond D.opposite【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在教科书戏剧的表演中，这个女孩的演技非常好，令人赞不绝口。考查介词辨析。against反对；over胜过；beyond超出；opposite与……相对。根据“thegirl’sactingskillsareprettygood”可知演技很好，令人赞不绝口，beyondallpraise“赞美不尽”，故选C。6.—Lookatthesignonmycoat.Doyouknowwhatitmeans?—Yes.Itsaysthiscoat________bewashedbyhand.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.must D.can【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——看我外套上的标志。你知道是什么意思吗？——是的。它说这件外套必须手洗。考查情态动词。mustn’t不许；needn’t不必；must必须；can能够。根据图片及其内容“Handwashonly”可知，这个标志表示这件外套必须手洗。故选C。7.—Wecansaveenergybyridingbicyclesortakingbusesinsteadofdrivingprivatecars.—________,weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes.A.Anyway B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.However【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我们可以骑自行车或者乘坐公共汽车代替驾驶私家车节约能源。——不仅如此，我们应该回收像报纸和衣服这样的东西。考查副词辨析。Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则；Moreover而且，此外；However然而。根据“weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes”可知，此处表示递进关系，故选C。8.—Labor(劳动)educationisimportantforstudents’development.—Yes.________schoolsputitintopractice,studentswillbemoreindependentandhelpful.A.While B.Unless C.If D.Though【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——劳动教育对学生的发展很重要。——是的。如果学校将其付诸实践，学生将更加独立和乐于助人。考查连词辨析。while当……时；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。“schoolsputitintopractice”是“studentswillbemoreindependentandhelpful”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。9.—ItookpartinNantongMarathonlastmonthandbecameoneofthe25,000marathonrunners.—Great!________meaningfulexperienceitwas!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我上个月参加了南通马拉松，成为25000个马拉松选手之一。——太棒了！多么有意义的经历！考查感叹句。根据“meaningfulexperience”可知中心词是可数名词单数，应用感叹句句型：whata/an+adj+n+主谓。故选B。10.Inordertocreateaquietenvironmentfortheexam,thepolicehave________barricades(路障)acrossseveralmajorroadsneartheexaminationsites.A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putout【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：为了给考试创造一个安静的环境，警察在穿过考点附近的几条主要道路上设立了路障。考查动词短语。putup设立；putin投入；puton穿上；putout扑灭。根据“Inordertocreateaquietenvironmentfortheexam”和“barricades(路障)”可知，是设立路障来创造一个安静的考试环境，故选A。11.________students’eyesightandmakesuretheyfocusontheirstudies,schoolswillhavemorerulestolimitmobilephoneuse.A.Protect B.Toprotect C.Protected D.Protecting【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了保护学生的视力，确保他们集中精力学习，学校将出台更多限制使用手机的规定。考查非谓语动词。根据“schoolswillhavemorerulestolimitmobilephoneuse”可知，出台手机限制规定是为了保护视力和确保学生的学习，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。12.—HowmuchdoyouknowaboutYeGuangfu,thecommanderofShenzhou-18crewmembers?—Weareallproudofhim.Itisthesecondtimethathe________space.A.enters B.wouldenter C.wasentering D.hasentered【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——你对神舟十八号机组指挥官叶光富了解多少？——我们都为他感到骄傲。这是他第二次进入太空。考查动词时态。根据“Itisthesecondtimethat...”可知，此处为“Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsb.have/hasdonesth.”结构，表示“这是某人第一/二次做某事”，从句时态要用现在完成时“have/hasdone”，故选D。13.Thechartshowsusthat________.A.nobodycaresaboutnews B.musichasthefewestviewersC.mostpeoplelikewatchingmovies D.cartoonsarethemostpopularTVprograms【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这张图表告诉我们，音乐的观众最少。考查常识。根据图表内容可知，音乐只有7%的观众，是最少的，故选B。14.—Oneofthe24solarterms—SummerSolstice(夏至)iscomingsoon.—That’strue.Butcouldyoutellme________?A.whatisthemeaningofthissolartermB.thatitwillfallonJune21stor22ndthisyearC.whetheritwasthe10thsolartermofthe24solartermsD.ifit’sthedaywiththehighestnoonsunheightoftheyear【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——24节气之一的夏至即将来临。——确实。但是你可以告诉我它是不是一年中中午太阳高度最高的一天吗？考查宾语从句。根据“Butcouldyoutellme”和选项可知后跟宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A；B项表达疑问，不能用that引导，排除B；C项叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故排除。故选D。15.—Confuciussaid,“Inordertodoagoodjob,onemustfirstsharpenone’stools”.—Ithinkitcanbeapieceofgoodadviceforsomeonewhowantsto________.A.takepartinthecompetitionbuthasnottrainedforitB.studyabroadbutisafraidtoliveinaforeigncountryC.goonatripbutthinksheorsheistoooldtotravelaloneD.buyanewe-bikebutdoesn’thavesparetimetogoshopping【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——孔子说：“工欲善其事必先利其器”。——我认为这对那些想参加比赛但没有接受过训练的人来说是一个很好的建议。考查常识和习语。根据“Inordertodoagoodjob,onemustfirstsharpenone’stools”可知，强调要做好一件事，准备工作非常重要，故选A。二、完形填空（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TenThousandKrathongsLekrushedthroughthecrowdedstreetstohisparents’restaurant.Outof____16____,hereachedforsomebananaleaveswithoutabreak—hemighthavetimetomakekrathongs.TonightwasLoyKrathong(水灯节),aThaifestivalwhenpeoplewouldsendouttinyboatswithlightedcandlessothatlastyear’sproblemscouldsailaway,leaving____17____forthenewyear.Thisweek,Lekhadpracticedlaunching(使下水)krathongsashisbrotherTongdidbecausetheirsister,Dao,wassick,lyinginbed.Perhapsawishwould____18____herillness!“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao.”Ya,Lek’sgrandma,saidsadly.ButLekdidn’t____19____.Ifonlyhehadtenthousandkrathongs!Hesetflowersinsidethebananaleaveswithawhitecandle.“Tongwillhelplaunchyourboat.Nowwemustgetreadyfor____20____.”saidYa.Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.ItwasallbecauseLekwastoo____21____.Withcustomersarriving,dishesweresentintothekitchen.____22____,thenightfell.LekpushedthroughthecrowduntilhesawTongonthejetty(码头),loweringkrathongsintothewaterwithhispole(竿).Itwouldtakeforeverbeforehisturn!Leklooked____23____toseeifYawaswatching.Thenhelaydownattheedge(边缘)ofthejetty,litthecandleandmadeawish.Suddenly,hisbodyshookandthekrathong____24____.Itremainedonthesurfaceforamomentandthendisappeared.Whataterriblesign!TearsfloodedLek’seyes.Leknearlylosthisbalanceagainashetriedto____25____hiskrathong.Whenseeingitturnedupsidedownhistearsdroppedintotheriver.“Lek!”shoutedTong,“Somanypeoplehere!Youmayhelpme,staywhereIcanseeyou!”A(n)____26____tolaunchkrathongs!Lekwiped(擦)hiseyesandtookapole.Agirlhandedhimaboatwithsweetwhiteflowers,“It’sformyfather.”Leksentitdownwiththepole____27____andmadehisownsilentwish.Thecandlelightdancedontheblackriverastheboatslowly____28____thewaves.Thegirl’ssmilemadeLekfeellargerthanhisname.LekrememberedYa’swordsthatonlyawishmightnotmakeDao____29____,butitgavehimhope.Witheachkrathongsentaway,hemadethe____30____wishoverandover—MayDaogetwellsoon.“Tong,doyousupposethereareathousandkrathongsouttheretonight?”“Theremustbeatleasttenthousand!”Leksmiledsincerely.Hehopedtherivercouldhearthetenthousandwishessailingfromhisheartforhissisterthatnight.16.A.shape B.danger C.breath D.trouble17.A.jokes B.reasons C.gifts D.wishes18.A.takeaway B.wakeup C.leadto D.dependon19.A.accept B.care C.move D.understand20.A.leaves B.candles C.customers D.flowers21.A.fat B.weak C.small D.tired22.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Peacefully D.Heavily23.A.forward B.inside C.outside D.around24.A.stuck B.dropped C.burnt D.appeared25.A.save B.show C.paint D.make26.A.idea B.chance C.standard D.fact27.A.politely B.simply C.hardly D.carefully28.A.followed B.pulled C.mixed D.separated29.A.happier B.sadder C.better D.worse30.A.sweet B.same C.real D.other【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.B20.C21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B【解析】【导语】本文主要是介绍在泰国的水灯节，Lek虔诚地放水灯，为生病的妹妹祈福的事情。【16题详解】句意：他上气不接下气地伸手去拿香蕉叶——他可能有时间做水灯。shape形状；danger危险；breath呼吸；trouble麻烦。根据“Lekrushedthroughthecrowdedstreetstohisparents’restaurant.”可知是上气不接下气，outofbreath“上气不接下气”，故选C。【17题详解】句意：今晚是水灯节——泰国的一个节日，到时人们会派出点燃蜡烛的小船，这样去年的问题就可以迎刃而解，留下对新年的祝愿。jokes玩笑；reasons原因；gifts礼物；wishes祝愿。根据“forthenewyear.”可知是留下对新年的祝愿，故选D。【18题详解】句意：也许一个愿望会带走她的疾病。takeaway带走；wakeup唤醒；leadto导致；dependon依赖。根据“herillness!”可知希望带走疾病，故选A。【19题详解】句意：但是Lek不在意。accept接受；care在意；move移动；understand理解。根据“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao”可知Lek不在意够不够，故选B。【20题详解】句意：现在我们必须为客人做好准备。leaves叶子；candles蜡烛；customers客人；flowers花。根据“Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.”可知是为迎接客人做准备，故选C。【21题详解】句意：这都是因为Lek还太小。fat胖；weak虚弱的；small小的；tired疲惫的。根据“Likelastyear,LekwouldhelpinthekitchenwhileTonglaunchkrathongsoutsideforcustomers.”可知Lek太小了还不能放水灯，故选C。【22题详解】句意：最后，夜幕降临。Finally最后；Suddenly突然；Peacefully平静地；Heavily严重地。根据“Withcustomersarriving,dishesweresentintothekitchen.”可知，最后夜晚来临了，故选A。【23题详解】句意：Lek环顾四周看Ya是否在看。forward向前；inside到里面；outside外面；around周围。根据“toseeifYawaswatching”可知是环顾四周去看Ya，lookaround“四处看”，故选D。【24题详解】句意：突然，他的身体抖动，水灯掉了。stuck卡住；dropped掉；burnt燃烧；appeared出现。根据“Itremainedonthesurfaceforamomentandthendisappeared.”可知水灯掉水里了，故选B。【25题详解】句意：当Lek试图拯救他的水灯的时候，他几乎再次失去平衡。save拯救；show展示；paint画；make使。根据“hiskrathong.”可知是去救水灯，故选A。【26题详解】句意：一个放水灯的机会！idea想法；chance机会；standard标准；fact事实。根据“Lekwiped(擦)hiseyesandtookapole.Agirlhandedhimaboatwithsweetwhiteflowers”可知放水灯的机会来了，故选B。【27题详解】句意：Lek用杆子小心地把它送了下来，许下了自己的无声愿望。politely礼貌地；simply简单地；hardly几乎不；carefully小心地。根据“andmadehisownsilentwish”可知是小心地放下去，故选D。【28题详解】句意：随着船慢慢地顺着波浪前进，烛光在黑色的河上舞动。followed跟随；pulled拉；mixed混合；separated分离。根据“thewaves”可知是随着波浪前进，故选A。【29题详解】句意：Lek记着Ya的话，只有一个愿望可能不会使Dao更好。happier更幸福；sadder更悲伤；better更好；worse更差。根据“Itwon’tbeenoughtocureDao.”可知只有一个愿望不能使Dao更好起来，故选C。【30题详解】句意：随着每个水灯被送走，他一次又一次地许下同样的愿望——希望Dao很快好起来。sweet甜蜜的；same同样的；real真的；other其他的。根据“MayDaogetwellsoon.”可知他许的是同一个愿望，故选B。三、阅读理解（本题共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A________ofJeans’Microfibers(微纤维)Youmayknowthatthingslikecaremissions(排放)andplasticsarebadforourEarth.Buthowaboutwashingyourjeans?Scientistsfindthatwashingapairofjeanscangiveoutabout56,000microfibers.Thesefibersarelessthan5millimeterslong.Theycangofromourwashingmachinesallthewaytothesea.ThisisbadfortheEarthandevenharmsourhealth.31.Whichpartofamagazineisthereadingmaterialmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Culture. B.Fashion. C.Environment. D.Technology.32.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor________?A.Journey B.Chance C.Dream D.Challenge33.Accordingtothepassage,toreduceharmtotheEarthandourhealth,youshould________.A.washandkillbacteriaeverytwoweeks B.washyourjeansoftentosaveenergyC.testyourjeansafter15monthsofwear D.wearjeansformoredaysbeforewashing【答案】31.C32.A33.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了清洗牛仔裤会造成环境污染，甚至危害人体健康，建议我们少洗牛仔裤。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“ThisisbadfortheEarthandevenharmsourhealth.”及图片可知，清洗牛仔裤会危害地球，对环境甚至人类的健康造成影响，所以这篇阅读材料可能来自杂志的“环境”部分。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。图片展示了清洗牛仔裤时，其中的微纤维是如何流入海洋，并对环境和人体造成影响的，所以标题应是“牛仔裤的微纤维之旅”，journey意为“旅行，行程”，符合题意。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Don’twashyourjeanstoooften”和“Jeanscanstillbecleanwithoutwashing”可知，牛仔裤不用总清洗，不洗也可以很干净，因此为了减少对地球和我们健康的危害，应该多穿几天牛仔裤再洗。故选D。BIfyouarelookingtogetabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundyou,chemistryistheperfectsubjecttostudy.It’sastudyofmatter(物质),itsproperties—waysinwhichitbehavesinspecialconditions,andhowitinteractswitheverythingaroundit.Attheheartofallthediscoveries,suchasmedicine,cooking,andseveralotherareas,isoneimportanttablethatorganizeselementsbasedontheiratomicnumberandchemicalproperties:theperiodictable.Althoughthefirstperiodictablewaspublishedin1869itwasaworkinprogressforhundreds,ifnotthousandsofyears.Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavebeeninterestedinelementssuchasgold,tin,ironandcopper(whicharewrittenasAu,Sn,FeandCuinthetable)intheirnaturalforms.Theyweredugupfromthegroundandusedtomakejewelry,guns,coins,andmanyotherthings.Overtime,peoplebecamemorecuriousaboutthesemetalsandhowtheyweremadeup.InancientGreece,Aristotleandotherphilosopherssaidthingsweremadefromtheelementsofearth,water,fireandair.Foryears,thisideawasaccepted.ThenpeoplebegantoconsiderthisideaagainduringtheAgeofEnlightenment.In1661,IrishscientistRobertBoyledescribedanelementassomethingthat“cannotbebrokendownintoasimplermatterbyachemicalreaction”.Overacenturylater,Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier,FatherofChemistry,wouldpublishthefirstmoderntextbookonchemistry.Init,helistedsomematterwhichhebelievedshouldbedividedaselementsintotwogroups:metalsandnon-metals.Althoughhisworkwasn’tcompletelycorrect,itrepresentedabigstepforwardatthattime.Overthenextcentury,scientistsstartedtodividetheelementsintodifferentgroupsdependingontheirpropertiesandatomicweights.However,itisRussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwhoisusuallybelievedasthefirstpersontomakeaperiodictable.Althoughotherscientistshadhandedintables,theywerefinallyrefusedbythescientificcommunitybecausetheywereshortofdetails.Mendeleevputalloftheelementsinaproperorderaccordingtotheiratomicmass.Hewasevensmartenoughtoleaveemptyspacesforelementswhichhadn’tbeendiscoveredatthetime.AlthoughMendeleev’speriodictablewasn’tperfect,itsetthewayororderwhichissimilartotheoneusedtoday.34.Whydidpeoplefirstbecomeinterestedinelements?A.Manypeoplewantedtobelikeascientist.B.Theywantedtousemetalstomakethings.C.Peopleinancienttimeswascrazyaboutscience.D.Theythoughtchemistryareusefulforeverything.35.ThewritermentionedAntonie-LaurentdeLavoisie________.A.torequireustocareaboutthehistoryB.toencourageustodiscoverandthinkC.toadviseustorespectthegreatchemistD.toremindustopayattentiontohiscontribution36.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theinfluenceofchemistryistheeasiesttoseeintherealworld.B.AristotlewasspokenhighlyofduringtheAgeofEnlightenment.C.Mendeleevisusuallyconsideredthefirstpersontocreatethetable.D.RobertBoylewastheonewhowrotedowneveryelementonEarth.37.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.whatthetableislike B.whythetableispopularC.howthetabledeveloped D.whenthetablefirstappeared【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了元素周期表的由来及发展。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavebeeninterestedinelementssuchasgold,tin,ironandcopper(whicharewrittenasAu,Sn,FeandCuinthetable)intheirnaturalforms.Theyweredugupfromthegroundandusedtomakejewelry,guns,coins,andmanyotherthings.”可知，人们开始对元素感兴趣是为了用金属来制造东西。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据“Overacenturylater,Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier,FatherofChemistry,wouldpublishthefirstmoderntextbookonchemistry…Althoughhisworkwasn’tcompletelycorrect,itrepresentedabigstepforwardatthattime.”可推知，作者提到Antone-LaurentdeLavoisier是提醒我们要注意他的贡献。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“However,itisRussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwhoisusuallybelievedasthefirstpersontomakeaperiodictable.Althoughotherscientistshadhandedintables,theywerefinallyrefusedbythescientificcommunitybecausetheywereshortofdetail”可推知，门捷列夫通常被认为是第一个创造这个表的人。故选C。【37题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了元素周期表的由来及发展。故选C。CLongago,therewasajudgewhowasfamousthroughouttheland.Whentwopeopleargued,thejudgewasalwaysabletofindasolutionthatwasfairtobothpeople,whethertheywererichorpoor.Oneday,thejudgewenttoabusymarket.Merchants(商人)weresellinglivechickens,fruits,vegetables,andjustaboutanythingelseyoucouldthinkof.Ashewalkedthroughthemarket,thejudgesawthatalargecrowdhadgatheredoutsideashopthatsoldlivechickens.Thejudgewalkednearthecrowdandaskedawomanwhatwasgoingon.“Apoorfarmerwascarryingaheavysack(麻布大袋),”saidthewoman.“Heaccidentallyfelldownanddroppedthesackonachicken,killingit.Thechickenbelongedtotherichandgreedymerchantwhoownsthisshop,”shesaid,pointingtotheshop.Thejudgecouldheartwomenshoutingateachother.“ItwasluckyIwaspassingby,”thoughtthejudge.“Thereisclearlyanargumentgoingon,andIamgoingtosolveit.”“Excuseme!”saidthejudgeinaloudvoicetothecrowd.“Pleaseletmethrough.”①Whenpeopleturnedandsawthejudge,theyquicklymovedasidetolethimpassthrough.Thetwomenwhowerearguingsawthejudgecomingnear.②Thentheystoppedshoutingandbowedtothejudge.“Pleasehelpussolveourargument,”theysaid.“Tellmewhathappened,”thejudgesaidtothemerchantwhoownedtheshopthatsoldchickens.“Thisfarmerkilledoneofmychickens,”saidthemerchant.“Nowhemustpayforit!”Thejudgeaskedtoseethedeadchicken.“Itisquiteasmallyoungchicken,”saidthejudge.“Thatistrue,”saidthemerchant.“Butinanothertwoyearsthatchickenwouldhavegrownlargeandfat.Icanget100coinsforalarge,fatchicken.Thisfarmerowesme100coins!”③Thefarmerwastooafraidtospeak.Ahundredcoinswasahugeamountofmoneyforhim.Everyoneinthetown,includingthejudge,knewthefarmercouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytobuyclothesforhismanychildren.“Iorderyoutopaythismerchant100coins,”thejudgesaidtothefarmer.④Thecrowdstoodtherewiththeirmouthopeninsurprise.Howcouldthefarmereverpay?Thegreedymerchantwasoverjoyed.Thejudgeturnedtothemerchant.“Howmuchgraindoesachickeneatintwoyears?”askedthejudge.“Onelargesackofgrain”saidthemerchant.Heexaggerated(夸张)toprovethehighpricehechargedforhisdeadchicken.“Bykillingthischicken,thefarmerhassavedyoualargesackofgrain,”saidthejudge.“Iorderyoutogivethesackofgrainyouhavesavedtothefarmer.”Themerchantturnedpaleandhunghishead.Alargesackofgrainwasworthmuchmorethan100coins.“Iforgivethismanforkillingmychicken,”saidthemerchant.“Iwilltakenomoneyfromhim,aslongasIdonothavetogivehimasackofgrain.”“Asyouwish,”saidthejudge,whowasseentosmileashewalkedaway.38.What’stherightorderofthefollowingeventsinthisstory?a.Thefarmerkilledthemerchant’schickenbyaccident.b.Thejudgeorderedthefarmertopayforthedeadchicken.c.Themerchantpromisednottotakemoneyfromthefarmer.d.Thejudgedecidedtohelpsolvetheargumentinthemarket.A.a-b-d-c B.b-d-c-a C.a-d-b-c D.c-a-b-d39.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefarmerandthemerchantaccordingtothestory?A.Themerchantplayedatrickonthejudge.B.Themerchantgotalongwellwiththepoor.C.Thefarmermadealivingbysellingvegetables.D.Thefarmercouldn’taffordclothesforhismanychildren.40.Whichunderlinedsentencescanshowpeople’srespectforthejudge?A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④41.Whichofthefollowingcanshowthechangeofthemerchant’sfeelings?A.sad—nervous—happy B.angry—sad—worriedC.angry—satisfied—unhappy D.sad—helpless—excited【答案】38.C39.D40.A41.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍一位聪明的法官帮助一位农民解决了问题的故事。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“Heaccidentallyfelldownanddroppedthesackonachicken,killingit.”可知，他不小心摔了一跤，袋子掉在一只鸡身上，把鸡砸死了；根据“Thereisclearlyanargumentgoingon,andIamgoingtosolveit.”可知，这显然是一场争论，法官要去解决它；根据“Iorderyoutopaythismerchant100coins,”可知，法官命令农民向这位商人支付100个金币；根据“Iwilltakenomoneyfromhim”可知，商人不会要农民的钱。正确顺序是a-d-b-c。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“Everyoneinthetown,includingthejudge,knewthefarmercouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytobuyclothesforhismanychildren.”可知，镇上的每一个人，包括法官，都知道这个农民赚的钱不够给他的孩子们买衣服，所以可知农民没钱给孩子买衣服。故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“Whenpeopleturnedandsawthejudge,theyquicklymovedasidetolethimpassthrough.”可知，当人们转过身看到法官时，他们迅速让开，让他通过；根据“Thentheystoppedshoutingandbowedtothejudge”可知，然后他们停止大喊向法官鞠躬。这两句话表示人们对法官的尊敬。故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thetwomenwhowerearguingsawthejudgecomingnear.”、“Thegreedymerchantwasoverjoyed.”及“Themerchantturnedpaleandhunghishead.”可知商人的态度由生气到满意再到不开心。故选C。D①Moreresearchersareturningtoartificialintelligence(AI)tomonitortheenivironmentandsupportendangeredcreatures.Unliketraditionalmethodsthatcandamagetheenvironmentorrequireconsiderable(相当多的)timeandphysicalwork,AIhastheabilitytoquicklyandeffectivelydealwithlargequantitiesofdata(数据).Let’slearnmoredetailstogether.②Creaturesaredisappearingataspeedthousandsoftimesfasterthanthatmillionsofyearsago,withonemillioncreaturesendangered.TheUnitedNationssetagoalin2020tosafeguardatleast30%ofEarth’slandandoceansbytheendof2030.“AIisimperfectbutcouldmakeimportantdiscoveriesfasterandearlier.”saysNicolasMialhe,founderofTheFutureSociety,anorganizationthataimstobettermanageAl.“WeneedskilledhumanstodesignAImodelsandcheckandcollectdata.”③AtypeofAImodelcalledaconvolutionalneuralnetwork(CNN)hasbeendevelopedtorecognizebirdsounds.TheCNNisabletopickout75kindsofthebirdstheresearchershave.“OurresultsprovethatAIisreadyforrecognizingcreaturesinthewildfromsound.”saysMaller,theteamleader.“Allthatisneedednowismoretrainingdatacollectedbyhumans.”④Besidesmonitoringcreaturesinrealtime,AIcanbeusedtomodeltheimpactsofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmentandrebuildhistoricalchanges.ResearchershaveusedAItodiscoverhowacentury’senvironmentaldamageinariverhasledtocreatureloss.⑤Althoughitiswell-knownthathumanactivitieshaveresultedincreaturelossinriversandlakes,littleisknownaboutwhichactivitieshavethelargestimpact.“AIwilldosoon,”saysLuisaOrsini,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.42.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsNicolasMiailhe’sandMaller’ssaid?A.AImodelscanbedesignedbyeveryone. B.AImodelshavealreadlydevelopedperfectly.C.AI’sabilityneedsCNNtodiscoverandachieve. D.AI’sabilityismuchgreaterthanwhatpeopleimagine.43.Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“impacts”inParagraph4istheclosestto________.A.effects B.chances C.secrets D.purposes44.Whatisthestructureofthearticle?A.①②③/④⑤ B.①②/③④⑤ C.①②/③④/⑤ D.①/②③④⑤45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.Alisonlyusedinmonitoringtheenvironmentandsupportendangeredcreatures.B.Researchershavealreadypreventedacentury’senvironmentaldamageinariver.C.Creaturesaredisappearingfasterthanbeforewithonemillioncreaturesendangered.D.Alhasspentmoretimedealingwithlargequantitiesofdatathantraditionalmethods.【答案】42.D43.A44.D45.C【解析】【导语】本文主要是介绍用人工智能来监测环境并拯救濒危生物。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据“WeneedskilledhumanstodesignAImodelsandcheckandcollectdata.”、“OurresultsprovethatAIisreadyforrecognizingcreaturesinthewildfromsound.”和“Allthatisneedednowismoretrainingdatacollectedbyhumans.”可知AI已经为在野外从声音识别生物做好准备，可推测AI的能力比人们想象的要强大，故选D。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Besidesmonitoringcreaturesinrealtime,AIcanbeusedtomodeltheimpactsofhumanactivitiesontheenvironmentandrebuildhistoricalchanges.”可知，此处意为“人类活动对环境的影响”，所以划线词意为“影响”，故选A。【44题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段讲述用人工智能来监测环境并拯救濒危生物；第二段至第五段具体介绍人工智能的用途及方法，因此文章是总分结构，故选D。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据“Creaturesaredisappearingataspeedthousandsoftimesfasterthanthatmillionsofyearsago,withonemillioncreaturesendangered.”可知生物正以比数百万年前快数千倍的速度消失，同时有一百万种生物濒临灭绝，故选C。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共60分）四、词汇（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。46.—ShuihuiParkisplannedtocarryoutfireengineeringconstructionfromMay6toJune7.—Whatapity!That________(意思是，意味着)weshouldputoffourclasstrip.【答案】means【解析】【详解】句意：——水晖公园计划从5月6号到6月7号进行消防工程建设。——真遗憾！那意味着我们应该推迟我们的班级旅行。根据汉语可知是mean“意味着”，原句是一般现在时，主语That是单数，谓语动词用三单。故填means。47.Thereisnoshortcutto________(成功),onlyadown-to-earthjourney.【答案】success【解析】【详解】句意：成功没有捷径，只有脚踏实地的征程。介词to后接名词，结合中文提示可知，用success表示“成功”，不可数名词，故填success。48.Many________(veryusefulorimportant)chancesoftenhideinthechallenges,sotrytofindandcatchthem.【答案】valuable【解析】【详解】句意：许多宝贵的机会往往隐藏在挑战中，所以试着去发现并抓住它们。根据“Many…chancesoftenhideinthechallenges…”并结合英文提示可知，此处是指“宝贵的，珍贵的”，其英文表达为valuable，为形容词，在句中修饰名词chances。故填valuable。49.Themorningairwas________(cleanandcool),makingittheperfecttimeforarun.【答案】fresh【解析】【详解】句意：早上的空气很清新，这是跑步的最佳时机。根据英文解释可知是fresh“清新的”，形容词作表语，故填fresh。50.Whenyouaretellingthetime,youusea________totalkaboutthefifteenminutesbeforeorafteranhour.【答案】quarter【解析】【详解】句意：当你说时间的时候，你可以用一刻钟来表示一小时之前或之后的十五分钟。根据“talkaboutthefifteenminutesbeforeorafteranhour”可知，一个小时之前或之后的十五分钟可以用quarter“一刻钟”表达，a后跟名词单数。故填quarter。B.请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。wesevenleadrapidcommunicate51.AssoonasMumgothome,thelittlesonrushedtowardsher________andgaveherabighug.52.Johnwasoneofthe________inthefieldofcomputerprogramming,developingsomeofthemostfamoussoftwareprograms.53.IntheRunHeartAction,moreface-to-face________helpsparentsandteacherscaremoreaboutchildren’sgrowth.54.Wetookpridein________a