高考英语全程一轮复习Unit3Celebrations学生用书北师大版

UNIT3CELEBRATIONS【基础回顾】►核心词汇——写其形1．____________vt.给……填馅；填，塞2．____________n.风俗，习惯；传统3．____________n.努力；力气4．____________n.描述，报道5．____________vt.代表6．____________vt.环绕，围绕7．____________prep.在整个期间，自始至终8．____________n.字，字体；人物，角色9．____________vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐10．____________adj.具体的，特定的►阅读词汇——知其意1．cuisinen.________________2．thoroughlyadv.________________3．humblyadv.________________4．awesomeadj.________________5．awfuladj.________________6．hotpotn.________________7．firecrackern.________________8．swallowvi.&vt.________________9．balletn.________________10．merryadj.________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．behavev．(举止或行为)表现；(机器等)运转→________n．行为，举止2．teensn．13至19岁的年龄；十几岁→________adj.青少年的→________n．青少年；十几岁的孩子3．fortunen．机会；运气；前途，命运；大笔的钱；巨款→________adj.幸运的→________adv.幸运地4．properadj.合适的→________adv.合适地，适当地5．expectv．期望→________adj.期待的，期望的6．joyn．欢欣，愉快，喜悦→________v．从……获得乐趣；享受→________adj.使人愉快的，令人快乐的→________n．愉快，欢乐，乐趣7．originn．起源→________adj.原先的，最早的，最初的8．decoratevi.&vt.装饰，布置，美化→________n．装饰，装修9．congratulatevt.祝贺→________n．恭喜，祝贺10．occasionn．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→________adj.偶尔的→________adv.偶尔地；偶尔11．stickv．粘贴；粘住→________adj.黏性的，黏的►高频短语——记得牢1．________________端午节2．________________使某物爆炸3．________________把……吓跑4．________________尽力5．________________遇到某人的目光；吸引某人的注意6．________________不再7．________________阴历月，农历月8．________________扫除；清除9．________________就……而言10．________________搬来(和某人)一起居住►典型句式——懂其用1．Itis＋过去分词＋that...________________whenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.人们认为，“福”倒过来贴时，幸福就会来临。2．themoment引导时间状语从句Everyyear,________________Igetonthetrain,IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。3．It＋is＋adj.(＋for/ofsb.)＋todosth.Also,whenyouarrive,________________andthankthehostforinvitingyou.而且，在你到达的时候，有礼貌的做法是问候并感谢主人的邀请。4．whenever引导的时间状语从句Now,________________thewritermakessugarbiscuits,hergrandmacomestomind.现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她的奶奶就浮现在眼前。【核心考点】►第一版块|重点单词1．occasionn．重要的社交活动，场合；时刻，时候；时机，机会occasionaladj.偶尔的；偶然的occasionallyadv.有时候；偶尔onagreat/happyoccasion在这一伟大的/欢乐的庆典上onsuchanimportantoccasion在如此重要的场合onthisoccasion这次onthatoccasion那次onoccasion(s)(＝occasionally)偶尔；偶然；有时ontheoccasionof...在……之际ontheoccasionofone'sretirement在某人退休之际[学法点拨](1)occasion作先行词时，如果指场合，则用where引导定语从句；如果指时间，则用when引导定语从句。Thisisnotanoccasionforlaughter,whereyoumusttakethingsseriously.这场合不适合笑，你必须严肃对待。Icanrememberafewoccasionswhenallflightswerecancelledbecauseofthebadweather.我记得有几次所有航班因天气恶劣而取消了。(2)在定语从句中，先行词指物，从句中缺少宾语，则用关系代词which。Goodparentsturneverymealintoaspecialoccasionwhichtheycanusetodisciplinetheirkids.好的父母把每顿饭都变成一个特殊的场合，他们可以用来管教自己的孩子。(3)在定语从句中，当position，point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where引导。Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.导购员是一个沟通能力和销售技能同样重要的职位。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.我已经达到人生中自己拿主意的地步。◎单句语法填空①________occasion,hetakesawalkbytheriverinthemorningtobreatheinsomefreshair.②Occasionsarequiterare________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.③HespentfiveyearsinParis,with________(occasion)visitstoItaly.④Asheworksinaremotearea,hevisitshisparentsonly________(occasion).2．graduationn．毕业graduaten．毕业生，学士学位获得者v．毕业；获得学位(尤指学士)；授予学位或毕业文凭aftergraduation毕业后graduationday毕业日agraduateofYaleUniversity/aYaleUniversitygraduate耶鲁大学毕业生ahighschoolgraduate中学毕业生agraduateinhistory历史学学士asciencegraduate理科学士agraduatestudent/course研究生；研究生课程graduatefromcollege大学毕业graduatein...获得……学士学位graduatesb.授予某人学位或毕业文凭◎单句语法填空①Astheapproaching________(graduate)ceremony,thesadnessofdeparturehangsoverthewholeclass.②Wewouldprefertofillthepostwith________recentgraduate.③Atpresenttheorganisationhastorelyonyoung,inexperienced________(graduate).④Whentheboysgraduated________highschool,AnnmovedtoasmalltowninVermont.⑤Tomhasjustgraduatedwithfirst-classhonours________psychology.⑥Afterhe________(graduate)fromhighschool,hejoinedthearmy.3．decoratevi.&vt.装饰，布置，美化；粉刷，油漆，糊墙纸decorationn．装饰，装饰物；勋章，奖章decoratetheroomwithflowers用花装饰房间bedecoratedwithflowers用花装饰Christmasdecorations圣诞节装饰品atabledecoration餐桌装饰物partydecorations聚会装饰品◎单句语法填空①DuringtheNationalDayholiday,allthestreetsaredecorated________colourfulflags,flowersandballoons.②Beforemovingintothenewflat,hehadit________(decorate)completely.③AtmyeighthbirthdaypartyIreceivedapencilbox________(decorate)withsomecartoonpicturesonthetop.④Thestairs________(decorate)withcolourfulballoonstocelebratetheweddingoftheyoungcouple.⑤Shepickedalargebunchofflowersfortable________(decorate).⑥Theonlywall________(decorate)arecandlesandasinglemirror.4．presentadj.现在的；出席n．礼物；现在，目前v．颁发；赠送；提出；展现；莅临(1)presentsth.tosb.＝presentsb.withsth.送给某人某物presentamedaltoeachwinner＝presenteachwinnerwithamedal给每位获胜者颁发奖牌(2)bepresentatthemeeting出席会议thepresentgovernment现政府thepresentsituation当前的形势presentadj.eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(出席的，在场的（作后置定语或表语）,现在的，目前的（作前置定语）))atpresent现在，目前forthepresent暂时，暂且◎单句语法填空①Themusiccan't________(present)todaythewayitwasin1908or1958.②Theprincipal________(present)adiploma________eachofthegraduates.◎完成句子③________________(目前),theworldhasabout6，800languages.④Theprideinwhoweareisdefinitelynotonlyapartofourpast,itdeterminesour______________________(现在和未来).5．accountn．描述，报道；账户，账号；账，账目vt.(for)在(数量上、比例上)占；是……的原因；解释，说明giveanaccountof...描述……anInternet/emailaccount互联网/电子邮件账户dotheaccounts记账anaccountbook账本，账簿haveanaccountat/withabank在银行有账户open/closeanaccount开立/结清账户ajointaccount联合账户accountfor是……的原因；解释；(数量上/比例上)占onaccountof因为，由于takeaccountof/oaccount考虑到，顾及onnoaccount/notonanyaccount决不，绝对不(位于句首要用部分倒装)◎单句语法填空①Severaleyewitnesses'________(account)differedconsiderablyfromtheofficialversionofevents.②I'veopened________accountwithabuildingsociety.③Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccounts________55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.④________noaccountcanwetolerateviolenceagainstchildren.⑤Thepresidentdeclinedtodeliverthespeechhimself,onaccount________asorethroat.⑥Ihopemyteacherwilltake________accountthefactthatIwasilljustbeforetheexamswhenshemarksmypaper.⑦Onemusttakeaccount________theaudiencewhenmakingspeeches.6．hostn．主人；东道主；主持人vt.主办，主持；作为主人组织(聚会)，做东hostessn．女主人，女主持人playhosttosth.主办某事aTVgameshowhost电视游戏节目主持人ahostcountry/family主办国/寄宿家庭thehostnationforthenextWorldCup下届世界杯的主办国hosttheOlympicGames举办奥运会hostashow/programme主持节目hostadinner举办晚宴anairhostess空姐◎单句语法填空①Japanisplayinghost________thenextinternationalconference.②IamluckyasIamoneofthe________(host).③LastSundayshe________(host)aballfor300guests.④Oneofthe________(hostess)ontonight'sshowisMary.7．expectantadj.期待的，期望的；未来的(母亲、父亲)，即将作父母的expectvt.预料，预期；等待，期待，盼望；要求，期望，指望childrenwithexpectantfaces带着期盼神情的孩子们expectantmothers/fathers/couples准妈妈/爸爸/夫妇amagazineforexpectantmothers一本适合孕妇的杂志expectsb.todosth.期待/预料某人做某事expecttoomuchfromsb.对某人期望过高beexpectedto预计；理应，应当liveuptoexpectations按照期望做到，不负众望beyondexpectation出乎意料waitingexpectantly满怀期望地等待◎单句语法填空①________expectantmotherissomeonewhosechildhasnotyetbeenborn.②YouarrivedearlierthanI________(expect).③Thescientistsexpect________(find)achemicalcureforlungcancerwithinfiveyears.④Don'texpectme________(come)andvisityouthere.⑤Iwasexpectingapresent________her,soIwasdisappointedIdidn'treceiveone.⑥Contrarytoallour________(expect),he'sfoundawell-paidjob.8．scarevt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐n．恐慌，恐惧scaredadj.害怕的scaryadj.吓人的scare...away(＝scaresb./sth.off)把……吓跑scaresb.todeath把某人吓得要死scaresb.intodoingsth.恐吓某人做某事scaresb.outofdoingsth.吓得某人不敢做某事bescaredof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某事/物bescaredtodosth.不敢做某事bescared＋(that)宾语从句害怕……ascaredlook惊恐的表情ascaryfilm恐怖电影◎单句语法填空①Hewasalmostscared________deathwhenthemaninthearmchairturnedaround.②Youcan'tscareme________tellingyouanything.③WhenIwasalittlechild,Iwasscared________beingleftaloneathome.④Peoplearescared________(use)thebuseslateatnight.⑤Iwantedtoaskherout,butwas________(scare)thatshemightrefuse.⑥Risingpricesarescaringcustomers________．9.greetvt.问候，欢迎；打招呼；对……作出反应greetingn．问候，招呼；迎接；致意greetsb.with以……方式和某人打招呼greetsb.warmly热情地跟某人打招呼greeteachother互相问候begreetedwith/by受到……的迎接；……映入眼帘/传入耳中；被报以……的反应send(one's)greetingstosb.(代某人)向某人问好Christmas/birthdaygreetings圣诞/生日祝词◎单句语法填空①Whentheteachercameintotheclass,allthestudentsstoodupand________(greet)theteacher.②WheneverImether,whichwasfairlyoften,shegreetedme________asweetsmile.③“Hi”isaninformalwayof________(greet)people.④Iwokeupand________(greet)bybirdsong.⑤Iwishtotakethisopportunitytoextendyousincere________(greet)andbestwishesoftheChineseGovernmentandpeople!10．appropriatelyadv.合适地，适当地appropriateadj.合适的，恰当的behaveappropriately举止得体beappropriatefor/to适合于……Itisappropriate(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是合适/恰当的。Itisappropriatethatsb.(should)do...某人做……是合适的。anappropriateresponse/measure/method恰如其分的回答/措施/方法◎单句语法填空①Bothteachersandstudentsrespondedcalmlyand________(appropriate)tothefirealarm.②Thetoughjobwasnotappropriate________suchagirl.③Itisappropriatethatyou________(draw)aconclusionwithenoughevidence.④Ithink________isnotappropriatetowearcasualclothesonthisformaloccasion.11．suitn．套装，西装vt.对(某人)方便，满足(某人)需要，合(某人)心意；相配，合身suitableadj.合适的，适宜的abusinesssuit公务装adivingsuit潜水服aprotectivesuit防护服besuitablefor适合……besuitabletodosth.适合做某事asuitablecandidate合适的人选asuitableplaceforapicnic适合野餐的地方suitone'sneeds满足某人的需要Thedressfitsyouwell,butitscolourdoesn'tsuityou,andyoushouldweartheonethatmatchesyourshoesverywell.这件连衣裙大小很适合你，但是它的颜色不适合你，你应该穿和你的鞋子很相配的那件。[词语辨析]suit,fit与matchsuit多指符合需要、品味、条件、地位等，或衣服的款式、颜色适合；fit多指尺寸、大小、形状等合适；match多指两者从整体上搭配协调。◎单句语法填空①These________(suit)aredesignedtoprotectthewearersfromcoldshockastheyenterthewater.②Wouldnowbea________(suit)momenttodiscussmyreport?③Employersusuallydecidewithinfiveminuteswhethersomeoneissuitable________thejob.④Herhatreally________(match)herdress;theylookverywelltogether.12．effortn．努力，力气；艰难的尝试，试图，尽力effortlessadj.不需费力的effortlesslyadv.不费力地great/jointeffort巨大/共同努力with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地inanefforttodosth.企图(努力想)做某事；试图要做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事makeeveryefforttodosth.尽一切努力做某事makeaneffort尽力◎单句语法填空①Shetookadeepbreathandsatupslowlyand________greateffort.②He'sobviouslymaking________efforttobenicetomeatthemoment.③Weshouldspare________efforttobeautifyourenvironment,becauseitissharedbyallthehumanbeings.④Hismovementsweresogracefulthattheyseemed________(effort).13.representvt.代表；作为……的代言人，维护……的利益；展示，描写，描绘representativen．代表adj.典型的，有代表性的representpeace象征着和平representChinaattheOlympics在奥运会上代表中国representsb.as/tobe...宣称某人为……representoneselfas/tobe...自称是．.....representsth.tosb.向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事arepresentativeofteachers/students教师/学生代表熟词生义：represent描绘；表现represent...as...把……描绘成……◎单句语法填空①Thefighterisrepresented________aherointheplay.②Heisa________(represent)foralargeinternationalcompany.③Heseemedtotakeitforgrantedthatheshouldspeakas________representative.④Thepaintingisnotrepresentative________hisworkoftheperiod.14．memoryn．[C]记忆，回忆；[C，U]记忆力，记性memorizevt.记忆，记住(1)childhoodmemories＝memoriesofchildhood童年的回忆frommemory凭记忆loseone'smemory失去记忆haveagood/badmemory(for...)(对……)记忆力好/差inmemoryofsb.为了纪念某人(2)inhonourof为了向……表示敬意incelebrationof庆祝infavourof支持，赞同inpraiseof歌颂，赞美◎单句语法填空①Hedrewapictureofthethief________memory.②Shehasanexcellentmemory________names,whichhelpsherquitealotinherwork.③________memoryofthelatemusician,hebuiltthismusicstudio.④TheOlympicGameswereheld________honourofZeus,thefatherofthegods.⑤Kidsjumpedintoafishingportin________(celebrate)ofthestartoftheisland'sLanternFestival.⑥Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavour________theplan.15．behaviourn．行为，举止，态度behavevi.表现vt.(oneself)表现得体，有礼貌onone'sbestbehaviour尽全力好好表现good/badbehaviour良好/恶劣行为one'sbehaviourtowards...某人对……的行为/态度studyhumanbehaviour研究人类的行为模式behavewell/badly表现好/不好behavestrangely举止怪异behavelike表现得像……behaveoneself有礼貌，举止得体well-behavedchildren表现好的孩子们badly-behavedchildren表现差的孩子们◎单句语法填空①Listeningisthusanactive,notapassive________(behave)consistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.②Hetoldhispupilstobehave________(they)andnottochatwhilelisteningtoalecture.③Hismotheroftenpunishedhiminhischildhoodbecausehebehaved________(bad).④Theyfeltasenseofachievement,becausetheirchildrenallbehaved________(good).16.whispervi.&vt.低声说，低语；私下说n．耳语，低语；轻柔的声音whispersth.tosb.把某事悄悄告诉某人whispersth.inone'sear在某人耳旁小声说某事Itiswhisperedthat...有人私下里说……inawhisper/inwhispers低声地◎单句语法填空①Iheardthem________(whisper),butIpretendednottohearthem.②Mikewhispered________methathemadeanewdiscovery.③“Iwastostarinafilm，”shewhispered________myear.④It________(whisper)thatheshouldn'tserveasanexperimentvolunteeralthoughheiseagertolearnscience.⑤“Whereareyougoing？”heasked________awhisper.⑥Theyspokein________(whisper)forfearthattheyshouldbeheard.17.descriptionn．描述，描写；形容，说明describevt.描述；形容；把……称为descriptiveadj.描写的；叙述的；说明的writeadescriptionof描写……giveageneral/briefdescriptionof对……作概括性的/简要的描述giveadetailed/fulldescriptionof对……作详细的/详尽的说明abriefdescriptionof...……的简要说明beyonddescription无法形容，难以描述describe...as...把……描述为……◎单句语法填空①Yourpapercontainstoomuch________(describe)andnotenoughdiscussionoftheissues.②ThebeautyofWestLakeis________description.③Hegavemeadetailed________(describe)ofhisvisittoLondonintheemail.18．humblyadv.谦虚地；卑贱地，低声下气地humbleadj.谦逊的，虚心的；低下的，卑微的learnhumblyfromsb.虚心向某人学习inone'shumbleopinion依某人拙见amanofhumblebirth/origins出身低微的人◎单句语法填空①Itis,________myhumbleopinion,perhapsthebeststeakrestaurantinthecity.②Shewaslookeddownuponbecauseshewasawoman________humbleorigins.③“Thankyouforyourtime，”Isaid________(humble).“Isthereanythingelseyou'dlike？”►第二版块|重点短语1．putup张贴，公布；举起，抬起；提升，提高，增加；建造，搭建，竖立；留宿，住宿；推荐，提名putupanotice贴出通知putupaflag升旗putupabuilding/fence/memorial/tent盖楼房/搭建篱笆/修建纪念碑/搭帐篷putupanargument/aproposal提出论据/建议putaside不考虑；储存，保留putaway将……收起来；积蓄，攒钱putback将……放回；推迟，延迟；向后拨putdown放下；记下；镇压putforward推荐，举荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)；提出，提议(suggestion)putoff推迟，延迟puton穿上，戴上；增加体重；举办，上演，展出putout扑灭，熄灭；生产，制造；出版，广播，公布putoutacandle/cigarette/light熄灭蜡烛/香烟/灯putupwith＝(tolerate)忍受，容忍◎写出句中putup的含义①Theyareputtingup②Theexamresultswillbeputup③Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhomeinsteadofputtingupata④Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanputup⑤Sheisputtingherselfup◎单句语法填空⑥Themanagerput________asuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.⑦Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanput________almosteverywordherteachersays.⑧Somanybuildingshavebeenput________theseyears.2．letoff使某物爆炸；排放；饶恕，放过(with)；免除letsb.off饶恕某人letsb.offsth.使某人免除(任务或义务)letalone更不用说let...alone/be不要碰，不干涉let...go/letgoof...放开，松手；释放letdown使失望；放下，降低let...in让……进来；放进letout发出(叫声等)；放出；泄露◎单句语法填空①Theteacherforbadethepupilstolet________fireworksintheschool.②Irealisedthathavinganewbabyletsyou________goingtoboringdinnerparties.③Itisincrediblethatthe12-year-oldmanagedtoevenreachthepedals,let________drivethecar.④Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgo________yourhate.⑤I'msureshewon'tletus________inthenextexam.⑥Iopenedmybedroomwindowstolet________thewind.⑦Itremainsunknownwholet________thesecret.3．asfaras就……而言；直到，远到(1)asfarasIknow据我所知asfarasIcansee在我看来asfarassb.isconcerned就某人而言asfarassomeplace远到某地(2)intermsof...从……方面来说considering就……而言，考虑到，鉴于personally(speaking)就个人而言inone'sopinion依某人之见，在某人看来◎单句语法填空①________farasIknow,seldomcanamanwithouthonestybesuccessfulasaleader.②Asfarasshe________(concern),weshouldmakevoluntarycontributionsaccordingtothegiftlist.③Withalargebrain,humanbeingsbeatotherbeings________termsofintelligence.④Agoodmanythingsintheworldcannotbeconsideredandvaluedinterms________money.⑤________(consider)thatyouarenolongerinvolvedwiththisman,yourresponseisalittleextreme.⑥________(person),Ithinktheshowisgoingtobeagreatsuccess.⑦________myopinion,goodhandwritingnotonlyleavesagoodimpressiononotherpeoplebutalsohelpsyouapplyforajobandgetpromoted.4．movein搬来(和某人)一起居住；搬进新居(不及物动词短语)moveinto搬进新居(及物动词短语)moveout搬出去moveoff启动；离开moveon(tosth.)开始做(别的事)；换话题；继续前行moveabout四处走动◎单句语法填空①Nowthatwehavedecoratedthehouse,wecanmove________．②Myparentshadalwaysplannedtomove________abighousebeforeIgrewup.③Thenoisearoundthishousehadbecometoomuchtotolerateandhedecidedtomove________．④Canyoumoveon________anothersubject?5．catchsb.'seye遇到某人的目光；吸引某人的注意keepaneyeon照看，照料keepone'seyeson注视；关注keepaneyeopen/out(for)密切注意，提防haveaneyefor...对……有鉴赏力inone'seyes在某人眼里，依某人看close/shutone'seyesto对……视而不见looksb.intheeye直视某人◎单句语法填空①Aprettygirlinthedistancecaught________(I)eye.②Hestoodstill,keepinghiseyes________theflowersinthegarden.③Theladywalkedaroundtheshop,keepinganeyeout________bargains.④Thewomanhasaneye________bargains,sosheoftenbuysbetteritemswithlessmoney.⑤________myeyes,firstofall,theOlympicGamesrepresentthespiritofsports.⑥Weshouldnotcloseoureyes________thecurrentsituationofwasteoncampus.6．passaway去世；消失passby路过，经过(……旁边)passsth.down使某物世代相传；流传下去pass...onto...把……传递给……passsb.offas...把某人改变或冒充为……◎单句语法填空①Thefamousexpertpassed________attheageofninety.②Thegirlpassedherself________asawell-knownfilmstar.③Thetraditionhasbeenpassed________fromgenerationtogeneration.④You'vealreadymaderemarkableachievementsinyourcareer.Whattipscanyoupasson________otherswhohopetohavesimilarsuccess?►第三版块|典型句式1．Itis/was＋过去分词＋that引导的主语从句[归纳总结]Itissaid/reportedthat...据说/据报道……Itisthought/considered/believed/agreedthat...人们认为/人们相信……Itisarguedthat...人们主张……Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……Itishopedthat...人们希望……Itisrecordedthat...据记载……Itissupposedthat...据推测……Itiswell-knownthat...众所周知……Itissuggested/advisedthat...有人建议……Itisordered/commandedthat...命令……Itisrequired/demanded/requestedthat...要求/请求……[学法点拨](1)在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。如果主句谓语是表示“坚持、建议、命令、要求”的动词，主语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。Itisadvisedthatyou(should)readthefollowinginstructionscarefullybeforefillingintheapplicationform.建议你在填写表格之前仔细阅读下列说明。Itisrequestedthatallthemembers(should)bepresentatthemeetingtomorrow.所有成员都被要求参加明天的会议。(2)“Itis/was＋过去分词＋that引导的主语从句”可以转换为“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”或“People＋动词＋that...”。一句多译：据说他们赢得了比赛。Itissaidthattheyhavewonthegame.＝Theyaresaidtohavewonthegame.＝Peoplesaythattheyhavewonthegame.[基础练习]单句语法填空①________isconsideredthattheresponsibilityforlearningliesonthestudentsratherthanteachers.②Itissaid________theworld'stotalpopulationwillgrowfrom6.1billionin2000to11billion.③It________(believe)thatthepartdietplaysinthetreatmentcan'tbeignored.④Itisrequiredthatdrivers________(drive)ontherightsideinChina.⑤________wasannouncedattheendofthemeeting,anagreementhadbeenreached.⑥________wasannouncedthatattheendofthemeeting,anagreementhadbeenreached.⑦Aspacestationisreported________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.2．with复合结构[学法点拨](1)构成：with＋宾语＋宾补宾补可以是现在分词(表主动或进行)、过去分词(表被动或完成)、不定式(表尚未发生)，也可以是形容词、副词、介词短语等。否定形式由“without＋宾语＋宾补”构成。(2)用法：with复合结构在句中多数充当状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件，也可以作定语。Shecameintotheroomwithhernoseredbecauseofcold.她走进房间，鼻子冻得红红的。(伴随状语)Withthemealover,weallwenthome.饭一吃完，我们都回家了。(时间状语)Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhishand.老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。(伴随状语)Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.她开着灯睡着了。(伴随状语)Hecouldnotfinishitwithoutmetohelphim.我若不帮他，他不可能完成。(条件状语)Withoutanythingleftinthecupboard,shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.橱柜里什么也没剩下，她就出去找点吃的了。(原因状语)Alittleboywithtwoofhisfrontteethmissingranintothehouse.一个缺了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房子。(定语)[基础练习]单句语法填空①Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog________(follow)them.②Withourproblem________(settle),hewasn'tallowedtogoout.③Hewaslyingonthegrass,withhishands________(cross)underhishead.④Withanimportantlecture________(give)tomorrow,theprofessorhastostayuplateintothenight.⑤________tenminutestogobeforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedatthestationontime.⑥Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.⑦Inthereadingroom,wefoundherseatedatadesk,herattention________(fix)onabook.3．themoment引导时间状语从句[教材原句]Everyyear,themomentIgetonthetrain,IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents...每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围……[句式分析](1)themoment“一……就……”，可引导时间状语从句，此时themoment起连词作用。(2)①由名词短语转化而来的引导时间状语从句的连词有：theminute/theinstant/thesecond一……就……every/each/thefirst/thelast/nexttime每次/每次/第一次/最后一次/下一次②由副词转化而来的引导时间状语从句的连词有：directly/immediately/instantly一……就……③eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(hardly...when...,scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...))eq\a\vs4\al(一……就……（主句谓语,必须用过去完成时）)on＋sth./doingsth.一……就……Forexample,themomentyougetontheairplane,startadjustingyourbiologicalclocktothedestination'stime.例如，你一登上飞机，就开始调整你的生物钟以适应目的地的时间。Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.下次你散步的时候，无论在哪里，都应该欣赏周围的风景、聆听周边的声音和好好感受我们周围的世界。(nomatterwhere无论在哪里，引导让步状语从句)

[基础练习]单句语法填空①Themachinewillstart________momentyoupressthisbutton.②________instantIsawhim,Iknewthathewasangrywithme.③________weekIwasinhospital,sheattendedmeatthebedsidedayandnight.④________secondtimeItalkedtohim,headmittedthathehadmadeabigmistake.⑤I'llgivehimablackeye,________nexttimeheoffendsyou.⑥________(immediate)shegotthenewsthatourfriendPeterwasingoodshape,sheinformedus.⑦On________(come)backtohishometown,hecontactedhisformerteachersandpaidavisittothem.4．强调句型[教材原句]．..it'snotjustgiftsandFatherChristmasthatcometomind.……我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。[句式分析]本句为强调句型，强调句子主语notjustgiftsandFatherChristmas。[归纳拓展](1)基本结构：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。强调人时，连接词也可以用who，若强调的人是宾格还可以用whom。Itwasattheclassmeetingyesterdaythatweelectedhimmonitor.我们是在昨天的班会上选他当班长。(强调状语)Itwashimthatweelectedmonitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.昨天班会上我们选的他当班长。(强调间接宾语)Itwaswethat/whoelectedhimmonitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.是我们在昨天班会上选他当班长。(强调主语)(2)句式变化：一般疑问句：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout？第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？IsitProfessorWangthat/whoteachesyouEnglish？教你英语的是王教授吗？Wherewasitthatthe29thSummerOlympicGamestookplace?第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?是谁把窗户打破的？(3)判定方法：将句子中的“Itis/was...that/who...”结构去掉，若能还原成完整的句子则为强调句，否则就不是强调句。[基础练习]单句语法填空①Itwasthesenseoffailure________madehimdeterminedtosucceedinhisnewlife.②Youarewaitingatawrongplace.________isatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.③Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcentury________hismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognised.④ItwasSusan________Icameacrossyesterdayinthestudio.⑤Itwasonthefarm________wepractisedplantingcrops.⑥Itwasthefarm________welearnedalot.⑦Itwasinthevillage________hespenthischildhood.⑧Itwasinthevillage________hespenthischildhood________abigearthquakehappenedlastmonth.⑨Wasitinthelibrary________heoftenwenttodosomereading________hemettheprettygirl?⑩ItiswatchingTVeverydaythat________(be)makinghereyesightfail.引导时间状语从句[教材原句]Now,wheneverthewritermakessugarbiscuits,hergrandmacomestomind.现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她奶奶就浮现在脑海中。[句式分析](1)whenever引导时间状语从句时，相当于加强语气的when。(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(whenever＝nomatterwhen,wherever＝nomatterwhere,however＝nomatterhow))eq\a\vs4\al(引导让步,状语从句)whatever,whichever,who(m)ever既可引导状语从句也可引导名词性从句。Onceyouhavemadeupyourmind,don'tgiveupwhateverchallengesyouwillmeetwith.一旦你下定决心，无论遇到什么挑战都不要放弃。(whatever＝nomatterwhat)Howevertoughtheproblemis,wecansolveitwithpatience.不管问题有多么棘手，我们都能耐心地解决。(However＝Nomatterhow)Whereveryougo,besuretopayattentiontoyourownsafety.无论去哪里，务必要注意你的自身安全。Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aNokiawalkie-talkieoraMotorolacellphone？你决定好了吗，买诺基亚的无线话机呢还是摩托罗拉手机？[基础练习]单句语法填空①________youmovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.②________wedo,weshoulddoourbest.③________wego,weshouldmakeclearitsposition,theclimateandthebusesandtrainsfirst.④________busyyou,youshouldsetasidehalfanhourtotakeexercise.⑤________youwanttohelp,don'thopetogetreward.【跟踪演练】Ⅰ.短语汉译英1．扫除；清除________________2．倒置地，颠倒地________________3．把……吓跑________________4．普遍地________________5．尽力________________6．再三地，重复地________________7．不再________________8．冷静下来________________9．在这样重要的场合_________