2024年山东实验中学高三二模高考英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

第1页/共1页山东省实验中学2024届高三5月针对性考试英语试题（本试卷共10页，共三部分；全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟）注意事项：1．答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。2．本试卷满分120分，分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。3．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。4．非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities(MAPH)attheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedtoallowyouthefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinary(跨学科的)intereststhatmaynotfitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.Thisadvantage,combinedwithourstrongsupport,canhelpyoutakethenextstepinyourprofessionalandacademiclifeinashortamountoftime—morethan90%ofourstudentsgraduatein9months.TheValueofThisMAProgramMaster’sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMAprograms,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissiontoPhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegreetoserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessionalfields.MAPHalsoallowsstudentstocompleteintensiveacademicworkandpreparesthemtocontinueintofurthergraduatestudyoracareerthatmuchfaster.AcademicSupportMAPHstudentsareprovidedwithacademicguidancefromthemomenttheyarriveoncampus.Mostoftenthissupportcomesfromthefollowingsources:·AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaughtbytheMAPHDirector.·Studentsareplacedingroupsof10-12andworkcloselywithanassignedpost-doctoralInstructionalProfessororTeachingFellowthroughouttheyear.·Overthewinterandspringquarters,MAPHstudentsworkcloselywithafacultymemberwhohasagreedtoserveastheirthesisadvisor.·ThreeMAPHMentors,recentMAPHgraduateswhoworkasstaffmembers,areavailabletomeetwithstudentstodiscusscourseselection.1.WhatisthehighlightoftheMAPH?A.Interest. B.Expertise.C.Discipline. D.Flexibility.2WhatisthepotentialuseofobtainingtheMAPH?A.Pursuingaprofitablecareer. B.ApplyingforaPhDprogram.C.Publishingloadsofpaperwork. D.Choosingundergraduatestudy.3.WhatkindofsupportisavailableforallMAPHstudents?A.Coursebythedirectoroftheprogram. B.GroupworkwiththeMAPHdirector.C.Adviceonthesiswritinginfallquarter. D.HelpwithcoursebooksfromMentors.BEducationin2080isdistinctivefromeducationinthe2020s.Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducationsystemswastosupplytheeconomywiththenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexampleofwhatachild’seducationlookslikein2080.HernameisShemsy.Shemsyis13,andsheisconfidentandloveslearning.Shemsydoesnotgotoschoolinthemorningbecauseschoolsasyouknowthemnolongerexist.Theinstitutionwasabolishedasitwaswidelythoughtofasmorelikeaprisonorafactorythanacreativelearningenvironment.Schoolshavebeenreplacedwith“LearningHubs”thatarenotrestrictedtocertainages.Theyarewhereintergenerationallearninghappens,inlinewiththebeliefthatlearningisalifelongpursuit.Everyyear,Shemsydesignsherlearningjourneyfortheyearwithahighlyattentive“teacher-citizen”.Shemsyisactivelyengagedindesigninghereducationandhastoproposeprojectsshewouldliketobeinvolvedintocontributetoandservehercommunity.Shealsospendslotsoftimeplayingastheroleofplayinlearninghasfinallybeenrecognizedasessentialandcoretoourhumanity.Shemsyworksalotcollaboratively.Accesstoeducationisuniversal,andhighereducationinstitutionsnolongerdifferentiatethemselvesbyhowmanypeopletheyrejectyearly.Variabilitybetweenstudentsisexpectedandleveraged(利用)asyoungpeopleteachoneanotherandusetheirdifferencesasasourceofstrength.Shemsynaturallyexploreswhatsheiscuriousaboutatapaceshesets.Shestillhassomeclassestotakethataremandatoryforchildrenglobally:BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity.Weinviteyoutothinkaboutyourvisionforeducationintheyear2080,whatdoesitlooklike,whodoesitserve,andhowdoesittransformoursocieties?4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?A.Therearedifferenttypesofeducation.B.Thepresenteducationneedsimprovements.C.Educationandeconomyarecloselyassociated.D.Thegoaloffutureeducationisfundamentallydifferent.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheLearningHubthatShemsygoesto?A.Itacceptsstudentsofallages. B.Itpromotescompetition.C.Itdiscouragesindividualizedlearning. D.Itisallaboutplay-basedlearning.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mandatory”inparagraph3mean?A.Tough. B.Satisfactory. C.Optional. D.Required.7.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnExampletoAll B.AVisionforEducationC.AChallengeforEducation D.AJourneyintotheFutureCThewords“caring”and“empathetic”(共情的)aren’tonesnormallyassociatedwithtechnology.Yearsley,anAustralianenterpriserwhoisexpertinartificialintelligence(AI),istryingtochangethat.YearsleyisthefounderofAkin,aroboticsstartupthatcurrentlyusesatablet-basedsystemtohelpusersmanagethetasksrelatedtohomelife,whetherthat’splanningmealsorremindingyoutopayyourcellphonebill.CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveAItotrackpatterns,strengthenbehaviorsandmanipulate(操控)buyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,arequestionableorjustunhealthy.Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.”It’sthehardestAIIhaveeverbuiltforit’sacomplexsystem,Yearsleysays.YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealizedtheneedtobettermanagethehomeishugelyignored.Besides,sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenofhouseholdwork.AUnitedNationsreportestimatesthatwomendo2.6timestheamountofunpaidcareanddomesticworkthatmendo,orcloseto30hoursperweekintheU.S.alone.WhileYearsleypicturesanarmyofrobotssomedayhelpingwithroutinehomemadetasks,thefirstdisplayforAkinwilltaketimeandmoney.Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedmoneyfromahandfulofinvestors,andwasrecentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova’sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethatseekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.8.WhatmighttheAkin’sAIsystemsuggest?A.Consumingmoredrinkstoenjoyyourself.B.Stayinguplateworkingtomakemoremoney.C.Spendingmoretimestayingwithyourfamily.D.Purchasingproductsthatmayattractyou.9.WhatmadeYearsleydeveloptheAkin’sAIsystem?A.Thehighcostofcurrenthomedevices B.Heavyburdenofhousewives.C.Financialsupportfrominvestors D.Akin’sbecomingafinalistforaprogram10.WhatcanbeusedtodescribetheAkin’sAIsystem?A.Popularandpromising B.StableandsecureC.Thoughtfulandinnovative D.Matureandideal.11.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroduceafuturisticAIsystemB.Tocomparetwocompanies’AIsystemsC.TocallonpeopletocareabouthousewivesD.ToseeksupportforanAIexpertDWouldapersonbornblind,whohaslearnedtodistinguishobjectsbytouch,beabletorecognizethempurelybysightifheregainedtheabilitytosee?Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.Theresearchersalsodidtheoppositetestwithuntrainedbumblebees,firstteachingthemwithrewardsinthedarkandthentestingtheminthelight.Again,thebeeswereabletorecognizetheshapeassociatedwiththesugarreward,thoughtheyhadtorelyonsightratherthantouchinthetest.Inshort,beeshavesolvedMolyneux’sproblembecausethefactsuggeststhattheycanpictureobjectfeaturesandaccessthemthroughsightortouch.However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociatingvisualandtactile(触觉)informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.12.WhatisMolyneux’sproblemabout?AWhethermankind’ssenseoftouchoutweighssight.B.Whethermankind’sideaofshapeisinbornorlearned.C.Whetherblindpeoplecanidentifytheshapeofanitem.D.Whethertheblindcanregaintheirsenseoftouchafterrecovery.13.HowdidLorsChittkaandhiscolleaguestrytofigureoutMolyneux’sproblem?A.Byexperimentationonblindchildren.B.Byconductingcontrolledexperiments.C.Byrewardingbumblebeeswithsugar.D.Byobservingbumblebeesintheirnests.14.WhatisJonathanBirch’sattitudetowardstheconclusionofthebeeexperiments?A.Skeptical. B.Supportive.C.Dismissive. D.Ambiguous.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScientistsFoundSensesMatterBVisual-TactilePuzzleHasBeenSolvedC.ExperimentsWillHelptheBlindRegainSightD.BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux’sProblem第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’snosecretthatreadinggoodnewsfeelsalotbetterthanreadingbadnews.Like,wouldyouratherbiteintoalemon,orsiponafreshglassoflemonade?___16___Theworldisfullofproblemsandconflictsandweneedtostayinformedandalert(警觉的)towhat’sgoingonaroundus.Whilereadingtraditional,morenegativenewsisimportant,consuminggoodnewsisalsopartofstayinginformed.____17____Anditalsobringsmeaningfulbenefits,likereducedstressandanxiety,higherratesofengagement,communitybuildingskills,andinspirationforcreatingabetterworld.Plus,knowingwhattolookforinthegoodnewslandscapeisakeypartofimprovingourmedialiteracyskillsandbeingthoughtfulnewsconsumers.Infact,goodnews,knownassolutionsjournalism,isbecomingmorepopular,aspublishersandnewsstationsdiscoverthebenefitsofsharingpositivestories.GoodGoodGoodisoneofthem.____18____Ateamofreportersandeditorsthereworkdailytodeliverstoriesthatmakereadersfeelhopefulandequippedtodomoregoodwithpossiblesolutions.“Ifitbleeds,itleads.”haslongbeenasayingusedinthemediatodescribehownewsstoriesaboutviolence,deathanddestructiondrawreaders’attention.____19____Thethingis,however,there’salsogoodstuffoutthere—thedelightfulandkindpartsofhumanity.“Beautifulstoriesarehappeningworldwide.____20____Whenyoudofindthem,theworldcansuddenlyfeellikeaverydifferentplace.Goodnewsisavitalpartofhowwelearnabouttheworldandsolvingtheworld’sproblems.”Hervey,oneofGoodGoodGood’seditorssaid.A.Sharegoodnewswithpeoplearoundyou.B.It’sjustthatwedon’thearasmuchaboutthem.C.Butthe“badnews”hasitsplaceintheworld.D.Itprovidesamorebalancedviewoftheworld.E.Andso,negativenewsstoriesareeverywhereonnewsmedia.F.Heartwarmingstoriesmakeyoucryandfeelgood.G.Thenewsmediacompanyisdevotedtoprovidinggoodnewsintentionally.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Katherinewouldneverforgetthedaywhenherdaughterbroughtaplatefromkindergartenwithadrawingofmouse-likecreaturesonit.“Emma,whataretheselittlecharacters?Whatdoyou____21____them?”Katherinesaid.“Mom,they’remy____22____.Theycometochildrenwhoarelonelyorwhoweremeanttohavea____23____life,”Emmasaid.It____24____theunemployed36-year-oldmom’sheartduringatimewhenshewasn’tfeelingtoogoodaboutherjob____25____.Allthiseventually____26____anewprojectforKatherine,unemployedformonths—makingalineofstuffedanimalsforsalebasedonherdaughter’s____27____.“Everyday,Iwouldworkonit,”shesaid.“Overtime,itfeltlikethisiswhatIreally____28____.”Inherbasement,Katherinecutpatterns,wrotestorylinesand____29____prototypes(原型样品)toturn“ThePartners”intodolls(玩偶).Todayshehasfour_____30_____dollprototypesandspecificstorylinestogowitheachmaincharacter.Shehopesto_____31_____thedollstoparentsgoingthroughhardtimes,ormaybethosepreparingtoworkoverseas,leavingtheir_____32_____behindwithrelatives.Shesaidevenifthedollsdon’t_____33_____,she’staughtherdaughter_____34_____tokeepmovingevenindowntimes.It’sreallya_____35_____forthoseunemployedrightnow,shesaid.21.A.feed B.call C.bring D.leave22.A.guides B.classmates C.supporters D.partners23.A.fairer B.tougher C.better D.longer24.A.won B.touched C.broke D.filled25.A.duties B.reports C.prospects D.descriptions26.A.ledto B.appliedto C.referredto D.belongedto27.A.toys B.feelings C.drawings D.memories28.A.wanted B.imagined C.learned D.promised29.A.sewed B.tested C.copied D.labeled30.A.marked B.printed C.advertised D.completed31.A.return B.lend C.expose D.market32.A.kids B.jobs C.parents D.stories33.A.turnout B.takeoff C.breakin D.catchup34.A.indetail B.onpurpose C.atrandom D.byexample35.A.tradition B.lesson C.wonder D.dream第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,theSilkRoutedatesbacktotheHandynasty.Throughthisroute,theChinesehighlyqualifiedsilkmadeitsfametothewesterncountries.Themerchants(商人)indifferentregionssought____36____(opportunity)oftradingChinesesilkalongthisroute.Thatroutefunctioned____37____thelifebloodofinternationaltradeatthattime.Meanwhile,theChinesecivilization____38____(introduce)totheWesterncountriesandviceversa.TheSilkRoutewasconsideredasanewchapter____39____(record)thefriendshipbetweentheEuropeanandAsianpeoples.Throughoutalltheseyears,manygreatfigureshavemadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentoftheSilkRoute.Today,theSilkRoutehasa____40____(poet)namecalledOneBeltOneRoad,____41____(aim)tohelpthoseconnectedregionsincultureandeconomyexchangewithamoreadvancedroad.Themaincitiesalongsideitarebecoming____42____(large)andmoreimportantinhelpingtradeandcultureexchange.Manycountrieshave____43____(true)gainedgreatbenefitsalongthetradingprocess.Allinall,theancientSilkRoadismorelike____44____historicaltextbookforeveryonetoreadandtoknowabout____45____happenedduringthatancienttime.IthasbeenplayingasignificantroleinthedevelopmentofthecivilizationsofChina.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris来邮件与你分享了他参加了他们学校中文学习俱乐部开展的“中国成语(ChineseIdioms)”比赛，并获得了冠军的消息。请你给他写一封回信。要求如下：1.表达祝贺；2.肯定努力；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Beingtheyoungestinmyfamilyhashaditsadvantages,ofcourse.Butbeingtheyoungestalsocamewithitsfairshareoftroubles.IwasoftentoldwhatIcouldn’tdoandwhy.Iknewthatmyfamilylovedme.Theyalwaystriedtoprotectme,helpmeandtakecareofme,butIcouldn’twaittoshowthemIcoulddothingsbymyself.ItwasahotdayinFlorida.Theschoolyearhadjustendedanditwastimeforsummervacation.WehadjustgottenalittleblackdogwhowenamedOne-Eyed.Everybodywantedtodosomethingforthedog:feedhim,teachhimtricksandtakelongwalkswithhim.Everybodywassohappytohavethislittleactive,playfulnewadditiontoourfamily.IwassodesperatetopetOne-Eyedmyself,too.EverytimeIaskedmybrotherormysisterifIcoulddothat,theywouldshout,“No!”ortellmethatIhadgerms(细菌).Once,theyevenconvincedmethatIhadsomanygermsandthatifItouchedOne-Eyedhewoulddie!Ireallybelievedthemandwasscaredthatsomethingterriblewouldhappentothedog.OnceIevenconfessedtomymomthatItouchedthedogwhennoonenoticed.Atfirst,mymomseemedveryconfusedaboutwhatIwastellingher,butthensherealizedthattheywereplayingajokeonmetokeepmeawayfromthedog.Mymomcriticizedmybrotherandsister,“You’dbetterstopteasingyourlittlebrother!”Littlebrother!That’sexactlywhatIwas.Thatreallygotmybloodboiling.ThedepressionbuiltupinsidemeasIwatchedthemenjoytheirtimewithOne-Eyed,excludingmefromthejoyousmoments.IknewIwascapableoftakingcareofmyselfandformingmyownconnectionwithournewlovelyfriend.Determinationfilledmyheart,fuelinganewfoundsenseofindependence.注意：1．续写词数应150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IwastoprovetoeveryoneIcouldpetandplaywithOne-Eyed.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Seeingthis,mybrotherandsistercouldn’tbelievetheireyes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥大学人文学科的艺术硕士课程（MAPH）的一些信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities(MAPH)attheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedtoallowyouthefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinaryintereststhatmaynotfitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.(芝加哥大学的人文艺术硕士课程(MAPH)旨在让你自由地专注于一门学科，或者探索传统硕士课程中可能不太适合的跨学科兴趣)”可知，MAPH课程的亮点是，它具有一定的学习灵活性。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章TheValueofThisMAProgram中关键句“Master’sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMAprograms,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissiontoPhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegreetoserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessionalfields.(完成硕士课程后获得的硕士学位在攻读博士课程中变得越来越普遍，硕士学位作为进入许多专业领域的要求并不罕见)”可知，获得MAPH的潜在用处是可以用来申请博士课程。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章AcademicSupport中关键句“AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaughtbytheMAPHDirector.(所有MAPH学生都参加由MAPH院长教授的必修秋季课程)”可知，对于所有的MAPH学生来说，他们会接受由MAPH院长教授的课程。故选A。B【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducationsystemswastosupplytheeconomywiththenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Schoolshavebeenreplacedwith“LearningHubs”thatarenotrestrictedtocertainages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的“学习中心”所取代。)”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity(做人和人类历史)”可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是“必修的”，和required意思相近，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexampleofwhatachild’seducationlookslikein2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“AVisionforEducation(教育远景)”。故选B。C【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。机器人初创公司Akin的创始人Yearsley正在开发的人工智能系统将为用户带来体贴和人性化的家庭管理服务，使“关怀”和“同理心”不再与技术无关。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)，可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealized.theneedtobettermanagethehomeishugelyignored.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。)”，第二句“Besides，sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenofhouseholdwork.(此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的。)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveA1totrackpatterns,strengthenbehaviorsandmanipulatebuyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,arequestionableorjustunhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的。)”和第三段的“Incontrast,theAlthatsheisdevelopingwiIIbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedfromahandfulofinvestors,andwasrecentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova'sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethatseekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.(Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LGNova的“未来使命‘项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业。)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。D【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章探讨了Molyneux问题，即一个天生失明但通过触摸学会区分物体的人在恢复视力后是否能够通过视觉来识别物体。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.(这个问题被称为Molyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概念，这种概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，而是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的)”可知，Molyneux问题的内容是人类的形状观念是天生的还是后天习得的。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.(在他们试图在失明儿童身上进行测试失败后，伦敦玛丽女王大学的LarsChittka和他的团队在大黄蜂身上进行了另一项实验。为了测试大黄蜂是否能形成对物体的内部表征，他们首先用糖奖励来训练大黄蜂区分球形和立方体。蜜蜂首先在光线下训练，在那里它们可以看到但不能触摸物体。然后他们在黑暗中进行测试，在那里他们可以触摸但看不到物品。研究人员发现，这些昆虫花了更多的时间来接触它们被训练成与糖奖励相关联的形状，尽管它们必须依靠触觉而不是视觉来区分物体)”可知，LorsChittka和他的同事是通过控制实验来研究Molyneux问题。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociatingvisualandtactile(触觉)informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.(然而，一些专家对这一结果提出了警告。科学哲学家乔纳森·伯奇(JonathanBirch)警告说，蜜蜂可能已经有了将巢中的直边和曲面的视觉和触觉信息联系起来的经验)”可知，JonathanBirch认为蜜蜂可能已经有了将巢中的直边和曲面的视觉和触觉信息联系起来的经验，所以是持怀疑的态度。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.(这个问题被称为Molyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概念，这种概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，而是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了Molyneux问题，并通过大黄蜂来进行实验研究，所以D项“BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux’sProblem(大黄蜂可能帮助Molyneux解决问题)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是读到好消息的好处以及GoodGoodGood这家媒体公司。【16题详解】空后“Theworldisfullofproblemsandconflictsandweneedtostayinformedandalert(警觉的)towhat’sgoingonaroundus.(这个世界充满了问题和冲突，我们需要对周围发生的事情保持了解和警惕。)”说明了这个世界存在一些不好的事情，C选项“Butthe“badnews”hasitsplaceintheworld.(但“坏消息”在世界上也有一席之地。)”说明了世界上存在坏消息，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】空前“Whilereadingtraditional,morenegativenewsisimportant,consuminggoodnewsisalsopartofstayinginformed.(虽然阅读传统的、更多的负面新闻很重要，但消费好消息也是保持信息灵通