山东省威海市威海文登区高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）

山东省威海市威海文登区2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodofirst?A.Gouponefloor. B.Gotothebusstop. C.Gototheboy’sclassroom.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:CanIputmybooksinyourclassroomfornow?Idon’thavetimetogobackupafloorandstillmakeittothebusontime.M:Sure.Thatway,wecangodowntogetherandsitbesideeachotheronthebus.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemedicine?A.Itdoesn’twork. B.Itmakeshertired. C.Itmakesherhavenoappetite.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:HowisthemedicineIgaveyouworkingout?Sometimesitdoesn’twork,ormakespeopletired.W:Itworksfine.MyonlyplaintisthatIdon’tfeellikeeatinganything.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowmanycookiesdidJohneat?A.Three. B.Four. C.Seven.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:John,pleasesavetherestofthecookiesforyoursister.Imadetencookies.Thereareonlythreeleft.M:Ididn’teatthemall!Dadhadfour!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Ontheplane. B.Ataconferenceroom. C.Onthetrain.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Luckyyou!Yougotthewindowseat!W:Whydon’twechangeplaces?Iprefertogetupandwalkaroundduringtheflight.Here,erestbythewindow.It’sgoingtobeabigconference.You’vebeenlookingtiredsincethemeetingyesterday.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whomightthemanbe?A.Alibrarian. B.Astudent. C.Anovelist.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hi.Areallnovelsinthefictionsection,evennewarrivals?I’mlookingforsomethingbyanewnovelist.M:I’mnotsureIjustcameheretostudy.W:Sorrytobotheryou.Ithoughtyouwerealibrarian!第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthenewdesign?A.Theredwalls. B.Thenewpiano. C.Thenewfloor.7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoattheend?A.Haveameal. B.Repairthepiano. C.Listentolivemusic.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Thanksformeetingmehere.W:Yeah,it’sjustlikeoldtimes.Buttheplacelooksreallydifferent.M:Theygaveitanewlook.Whatdoyouthink?W:Theblackandwhitefloorisreallynice.ButImissthepianobythefrontentrance.M:Thepianoisstillhere.Theygotitrepairedandmoveditintothediningroom.There’sjazzeverySaturdaynow.W:Oh,cool!We’llhavetoeback.IhavetosayIlovetheolddesign,withtheredwalls.Butlivemusicisagreataddition.M:Let’sseeifthefoodisjustasgoodnowasitwasthen.Whatareyougoingtoorder?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.TravellinginFrance. B.Seeingamovie. C.Attendingaparty.9.Whoisthemanspeakingto?A.Hissister. B.Hisfriend. C.Anactress.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Bill,please.You’reannoyingthepeoplebehindus!M:Ican’thelpit!Theseactorsaresofunny!Ihaven’tlaughedthishardforalongtimeW:Duringthesecondhalf,you’llneedtobealotquieter.M:OK.OK.Hey,what’swrong?Wereyoucrying?W:Ididn’tfindthatscenefunny.ItremindedmeofafightIhadwithmyfriendSarahonatriptoFrance.Ihaven’tspokentoSarahsincethen.Itwasalotlikewhatwejustsaw,whenthecharacterswereatthatdinnerparty.M:Thedisagreementwesawonstagewasfullofhumorandaffection.IcanseeyoureallycareaboutSarah.Youshouldgiveheracall.You’reasstubbornasDad!W:IreallymissSarah!M:Aftertheplay,whydon’tyoucallher?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthemansayaboutbeingasalesman?A.Hedidn’tenjoyit. B.Hewasn’tgoodatit. C.Hewassatisfiedwithit.11.Whatkindofapersonisthemanaccordingtotheconversation?A.Serious. B.Outgoing. C.Careful.12.Wherewillthemanwork?A.InParis. B.InChicago. C.InLosAngeles.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Thanksforingtothestudiotoday,Mr.Larson.Whydon’tyoutellmeaboutyourlastposition?M:Well,IstartedworkingatSmithElectronicsinChicagorightafterIgraduatedfromcollege.Iwasinthesalesdepartment,andeventhoughIwasgoodatit,Iwasn’treallyhappy.Afteroneyear,IwasmovedtotheHRdepartment.W:Wasthatabetterfit?M:Yes.Iprefertalkingtopeoplefacetoface,andIenjoysolvingproblems.Ididquitewellinthatposition.W:So,whydidyouleave?M:IhadbeenworkingatSmithforfouryearsstraight.ThenIwantedtotakesometimeoff,soIwenttoParis.Mythreeweekvacationturnedintoatwoyearstay!W:Wow!WhatmadeyouebacktotheUnitedStates?AndwhyisitagoodtimeforyoutojoinBransonLabs?M:WhenmyfatherstartedBransonLabshereinLosAngelesfortyyearsago,hewantedtopassitdowntome.Atmygraduationdinner,IpromisedhimthatIwouldtakeoverwhenthetimewasright.I’mfinallyreadytomakegoodonthatpromise.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowmuchdoesoneCokeusuallycost?A.$1. B.$2. C.$6.14.Whyisthewomanusingsomanyspecialdeals?A.Sheonlybuysitemsonsale.B.Sheistryingtosavemoney.C.Sheisaregularcustomerofthestore.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heworkstwojobs.B.Hecan’thelpthewoman.C.Heisgoingtoquithisjobsoon.16.Whatdoesthemantellthewomantodo?A.StudybusinessatHarvard.B.ebyhispany’soffice.C.Applyforajobatthegrocerystore.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Ihaveaspecialdealthatsaysthreedrinksforthepriceofone.Iprinteditfromyourwebsite,see?So,thosethreeCokesshouldonlycostme$2,not$6.M:Oh,Ididn’tknowaboutthedeal.Mymistake.I’lladjustthatrightnow.W:Ialsohavespecialdealsforthesoup,bread,andsandwichmeat.Theyshouldallbecheaper.M:Forsomereason,oursystemdoesn’tshowthedealswhentheitemisscanned.I’llhavetotypeinthespecialdealsbyhand.Onemoment.W:Thanks.IneedtosaveallthemoneyIcan.Ijustgotlaidoff.M:I’msorrytohearthat,Miss.W:IwenttoHarvardandstudiedbusiness.IneverthoughtI’dbeoutofworkwhenIgraduated.M:Ialsoworkasanaccountantforatechnologypany.Wearelookingtohiresomenewaccountantsinvariouspositions.W:Really?Wow,Iguessit’sagoodthingIplainedtoyouaboutgettingfired.M:Whydon’tyouebythepanyoffice?It’sat3300MainStreet.Howdoes1:00p.m.tomorrowsound?W:Soundsgreat.I’llseeyouthen,andthankyoufortheopportunity!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhendidFredMcGillstartthepetition?A.In2014. B.In2017. C.In2018.18.Howmanypeopletookpartinthepetitionthisyear?A.Atleast100. B.Atleast120. C.Atleast200.19.Whoisthepetitionintendedfor?A.Studentsinmusicschool. B.Teenswithmusicaltalents. C.Songwriters.20.Whatwilltheaudiencedonext?A.Jointhespeakeronstage. B.Singasongtogether. C.Listentoasong.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Ladiesandgentlemen,I’mpleasedtoannouncethewinnerofthe2018songwritingpetition.Asyouprobablyknow,everyyear,youngsongwritersfromourtownenterourannualspringpetitionheldhereinthebeautifulBrookTheater.WhenlocalmusicianFredMcGillstartedtheeventfouryearsago,wehadnoideahowmuchitwouldgrow.In2017,over100peoplesentintheirsongs.Thisyearthenumberofpeoplewhoparticipateddoubled.It’swonderfultoseethetalentandenergyofthenextgeneration.Ourjudgeswereamazedbythemusicalskillstheysawandheard.Congratulationstoalltheteenagerswhosentintheirsongs.Itwasadifficultchoice,butourmitteehasmadeaselection.Let’sclapourhandsforMaryanneJames!Maryanne,whereareyou?Pleasejoinmeonstage!Theresheis!Maryanne,welovedthewayyousangabouteverythingfromthecolorsofyourgardentotheeyesofchildren.Pleaseacceptthisprize.Wehopeitencouragesyoutocontinuewritingsongswhenyoustartmusicschoolinthefall.Finally,we’dliketoaskyoutoperformasongforouraudience.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHappyBirthday,ThorsteinVeblen,whoinventedtheexpression“conspicuous(炫耀性)consumption”.Whydowebuy?Whatdrivesustogetthingsweknowwedon’tneedandthatweknowarebadfortheplanet?ThorsteinVeblen,bornonJuly30th,1857,discussedthisinhis1899bookTheTheoryoftheLeisureClass,wherehefirstwroteaboutconspicuousconsumption.AccordingtoawebsitenamedConspicuousConsumption,thetermreferstoconsumerswhobuyexpensiveitemstoshowofftheirwealthandineratherthancovertheirrealneeds.Suchaconsumershowssuchbehaviortoenjoyorachievehighersocialstatus.Theresult,accordingtoVeblen,isasocietycharacterizedbywastedtimeandmoney.Thereisalsoatypeofgoodscalled“Veblengoods”,whichreallyexistonlytoshowthestatusofthepersonbuyingthem.RollsRoyceorfancysupercarsareagoodexample;aLamborghiniwon’tgetyouanywherefasterinaworldwithspeedlimits.APatekPhilippewatchdoesn’tkeeptimeasaccuratelyasaTimex.Conspicuousconsumptioncanleadtoconspicuouswaste—theabilitytojustthrowthingsawayandbuyreplacementsevenwhentheyworkperfectlywell.Through“conspicuousconsumption”oftencame“conspicuouswaste”,whichVeblenhated.MuchofmodernadvertisingisbuiltuponaVeblenianideaofconsumptionandpetition.Veblenalsoexplainswhypoorpeoplewon’tfightagainstconspicuousconsumption.Thepoor,andallthosepersonswhoconcentrateonthestruggletomakealiving,areconservativebecausetheycannotaffordtheeffortoftakingthoughtforthedayaftertomorrow.SomeofVeblen’stheorieswouldn’tfindaplaceintoday’sUSA,butyoumustbeimpressedbyhismostfamoussaying:Inventionisthemotherofnecessity.Happy163rdBirthday,ThorsteinVeblen!21.Whatisconspicuousconsumptionusuallyconnectedwith?A.Socialposition. B.People’sneeds. C.Economicgrowth. D.Marketdemand.22.Whatmightthepoorthinkofconspicuousconsumption?A.Itisatraditionalpractice. B.Itisnoneoftheirbusiness.C.Itpromotesconsumption. D.Itisagoaltheytrytoachieve.23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TochallengeVeblen’stheories. B.Indefenseofsomeeconomicsterms.C.Inhonorofafamouseconomist. D.Topreventconspicuousconsumption.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“炫耀性消费”这种社会现象，这种表达是由ThorsteinVeblen提出的，他在他的著作中第一次提到了这种现象。文章介绍了“炫耀性消费”的含义，以及出现这种现象的原因和导致的不良影响等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AccordingtoawebsitenamedConspicuousConsumption,thetermreferstoconsumerswhobuyexpensiveitemstoshowofftheirwealthandineratherthancovertheirrealneeds.Suchaconsumershowssuchbehaviortoenjoyorachievehighersocialstatus.(据一家名为‘炫耀性消费’的网站介绍，“炫耀性消费”指的是那些购买昂贵物品以炫耀财富和收入，而不是满足实际需求的消费者。这样的消费者表现出这样的行为是为了享受或获得更高的社会地位)”可知，炫耀性消费通常与社会地位有关。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Veblenalsoexplainswhypoorpeoplewon’tfightagainstconspicuousconsumption.Thepoor,andallthosepersonswhoconcentrateonthestruggletomakealiving,areconservativebecausetheycannotaffordtheeffortoftakingthoughtforthedayaftertomorrow.(Veblen还解释了为什么穷人不反对炫耀性消费。穷人和所有专注于谋生的人都是保守的，因为他们负担不起考虑今后所要付出的努力)”可推知，穷人认为炫耀性消费不关他们的事。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“HappyBirthday,ThorsteinVeblen,whoinventedtheexpression‘conspicuous(炫耀性)consumption’.(发明了“炫耀性消费”这个表达的ThorsteinVeblen，祝你生日快乐)”以及最后一段“Happy163rdBirthday,ThorsteinVeblen!(祝你163岁生日快乐，ThorsteinVeblen！)”结合文章主要介绍了“炫耀性消费”这种社会现象，这种表达是由ThorsteinVeblen提出的，他在他的著作中第一次提到了这种现象。文章介绍了“炫耀性消费”的含义，以及出现这种现象的原因和导致的不良影响等。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位著名的经济学家。故选C。BInstormravagedSantaClarita,California,lastMarch,MargaritoMartinezapproachedRunnerRoadslowly.Asmallstreamhadoverflowedontotheroad.Martinez,drivingaToyotaSUV,figuredhe’dbeOK.Halfwayacross,therushingwatersgrabbedholdofhisvehicle,sweepingitofftheroadandwashingitdownarockystreambed.Itfinallystoppedagood80feetaway,whenthewatersomehowliftedtheSUVandlandeditinthegroundata45degreeangle.Injured,shaken,andtrappedinsidewiththemuddywaterrisingquicklyandthedoorseriouslydamaged,Martinezwascertainthathewasgoingtodie.OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereapartlyrentaldeliveryworkerandhisniece.Theywatchedthehorrorunfold,andwhenMartinez’sSUVcametorestinthemiddleoftheriver,themanleapedtoact.First,hegrabbedheavydutyropesfromthebackofhistruckandfixedtheSUVtonearbyposts.ThenheclimbedatopMartinez’svehicleandstruckonarearwindowwithhisfists.Frustrated,heturnedtohisnieceandyelled,“Givemearock!”Overandoverhesmashedtherockintothewindowtonoavail.“WewerescaredthatsomethingelsewasgoingtoedownandtaketheSUV,takehim,takemyuncle,”KrystinaReyes,27,toldCBSLA.Herunclehasnotpubliclyrevealedhisname.Reyes’suncleshoutedtoMartineztomoveawayfromthewindow.Hebracedhimself—rightfootonthesparetire,leftinthewheelwell.Heleanedbackandthrewtherock.Finally,theglassbrokeandthemankickedintheremainingpieces.Soon,asoakedMartinezcameoutthroughthewindowframe,andthemenescapedtodryland.Martinezwassavedbyananonymousdeliveryworker.24.WhatcanweinferaboutMartinezfromParagraph1?A.Helivedforadventure. B.Hemadethewrongjudgement.CHealwaysdrovecarefully. D.Hewasaveryexperienceddriver.25.WhydidthedeliveryworkerfixtheSUVtonearbyposts?A.Topreventthecarfrombeingwashedaway. B.Topullthecarontothebankwiththetruck.C.Togettheseriouslydamageddoorsopen. D.Toclimbuptothetopofthecareasily.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthedeliveryworker?A.Promisingandkind. B.Ambitiousandbrave.C.Determinedandcalm. D.Dynamicandconsiderate.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ABraveSUVDriver B.ADecisiveRescueC.AHorribleExperience D.AnImpulsiveDecision【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Martinez开着一辆丰田SUV上路，不曾想判断失误，车子被困在了河中央。多亏了一个陌生的送货员，他发现Martinez遇险后，先是果断地先用绳子固定住车子，然后在不断努力下，砸碎了车玻璃，救出了Martinez。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“InstormravagedSantaClarita,California,lastMarch,MargaritoMartinezapproachedRunnerRoadslowly.Asmallstreamhadoverflowedontotheroad.Martinez,drivingaToyotaSUV,figuredhe’dbeOK.(去年3月，在遭受风暴蹂躏的加州圣塔克拉利塔，MargaritoMartinez缓慢地来到RunnerRoad。一条小溪溢出来，流到了路上。Martinez开着一辆丰田SUV，他觉得自己不会有事)”可推知，Martinez做出了错误的判断。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theywatchedthehorrorunfold,andwhenMartinez’sSUVcametorestinthemiddleoftheriver,themanleapedtoact.First,hegrabbedheavydutyropesfromthebackofhistruckandfixedtheSUVtonearbyposts.(当Martinez的SUV停在河中央时，那人赶了过来。首先，他从他的卡车后面抓起重型绳索，把SUV固定在附近的柱子上)”可知，送货工人把SUV固定在附近的柱子上，是为了防止停在了河中央的汽车被冲走。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theywatchedthehorrorunfold,andwhenMartinez’sSUVcametorestinthemiddleoftheriver,themanleapedtoact.First,hegrabbedheavydutyropesfromthebackofhistruckandfixedtheSUVtonearbyposts.ThenheclimbedatopMartinez’svehicleandstruckonarearwindowwithhisfists.(当Martinez的SUV停在河中央时，那人赶了过来。首先，他从他的卡车后面抓起重型绳索，把SUV固定在附近的柱子上。然后，他爬上马丁内斯的车，用拳头敲打后窗)”以及“最后一段中Hebracedhimself—rightfootonthesparetire,leftinthewheelwell.Heleanedbackandthrewtherock.Finally,theglassbrokeandthemankickedintheremainingpieces.Soon,asoakedMartinezcameoutthroughthewindowframe,andthemenescapedtodryland.(他撑起了自己——右脚踩在备胎上，左脚在轮舱里。他向后一靠，扔了石头。最后，玻璃碎了，那人踢碎了剩下的碎片。很快，湿透的Martinez从窗框里出来了，人们逃到干燥的陆地上)”可推知，送货员看到Martinez遇险，马上想到从车里拿出绳子固定住SUV，说明他很冷静；接着他坚持不懈地想办法砸碎车玻璃，救出Martinez，可知他是个坚定的人。故送货员是个坚定而冷静的人。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Martinezwassavedbyananonymousdeliveryworker.(Martinez被一个匿名的快递员救了下来)”结合文章主要讲述了Martinez开着一辆丰田SUV上路，不曾想判断失误，车子被困在了河中央。多亏了一个陌生的送货员，他发现Martinez遇险后，先是果断地先用绳子固定住车子，然后在不断努力下，砸碎了车玻璃，救出了Martinez。可知，B选项“一次果断的救援”最符合文章标题。故选B。CMassiveopenonlinecourses(MOOCs)aremakingwavesnowadays,andalthoughit’stoosoontodeterminetheirfinalinfluenceontheuniversitiesacrossthecountryandtheworld,theyaresparkingoffalivelydebateamongeducatorsandstudents.ThefirstMOOCarrivedonthescenebackin2011whentwoStanfordteachersofferedtheirartificialintelligenceclassonlineforfree.Enrollmenttopped160,000,andtheunexpectedsuccessoftheexperimentencouragedotherschools.Supportersbelievemakingqualityeducationalinstructionavailabletothepublicwillprovidehigherqualityandlowercostformany,andmighteasilybethebestinstructionalmodelforthefuture.MOOCscanbeattendedbythousandsorevenhundredsofthousandsofstudentsatatime.Infact,SebastianThrun,oneoftheStanfordteacherswhostarteditall,seesadayinwhichasfewas10universitiesmeettheworld’shighereducationneeds.WhereMOOCsmayprovidequalityinstructionformany,detractorsoftenseethatveryfactasitsbiggestfailing.MOOCsdon’tofferanyindividualizedtraining,andsomeeducatorsfeelusingitasaforcreditstandardinthefuturewillleavesomestudentsbehind.Amonargumentisthatindividualized,facetofaceteachingworksbestinmanycases.Thelivelyexchangeofideascanactivateaclassroom.SomefindotheraspectsofMOOCstroubling.InthefirstMOOCs,plagiarism(剽窃)wasaproblemandpletionratesonthewholewerelow.Thismayhavebeenbecausesomestudentswerecuriousabouttheformatratherthanfocusedonthestudy.HowwillMOOCsprogressinthefuture?Nooneknowsforsure,butthemodemclassroommayturnouttobeabinationoftheoldandthenew,withoncampusactivitieslikelabs,debatesandonlineactivitiesworkingwithmassiveonlineofferingstoprovideaspeciallearningexperiencethat’scosteffectiveandconvenient.28.WhichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartinParagraph1?A.Witnessingfalling. B.Gainingwealth.C.Gettingrecognition. D.Causingarguments.29.What’stheadvantageofMOOCsaccordingtosupporters?A.Studentscangetuniquetraining.B.Theatmospherecaneasilyactivatestudents.C.Itoffersaneffectivewaytoevaluatestudents.D.Studentscangethighqualityeducationatalowcost.30.HowwillMOOCsadvanceintheauthor’sview?A.Byincreasingitsenrollmentrates.B.Byencouragingstudents’participation.C.Byinvolvingmoreexperimentalactivities.D.Bybiningoncampusandonlineactivities.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhenisMOOCsGetNoticed?B.HowcanMOOCsDevelopsoFast?C.IsMOOCstheBestEducationalModel?D.DotheAdvantagesOutweightheDisadvantages?【答案】28.D29.D30.D31.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了MOOCS是远程网络教学的新模式，这一新型教学方式的优缺点以及人们对它的不同看法。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语后“andalthoughit’stoosoontodeterminetheirfinalinfluenceontheuniversitiesacrossthecountryandtheworld,theyaresparkingoffalivelydebateamongeducatorsandstudents.（尽管现在还无法确定它们对全国乃至全世界大学的最终影响，但它们已经在教育工作者和学生中引发了一场热烈的辩论。）”可知，MOOCs已经在教育工作者和学生中引发了一场热烈的辩论，所以此处划线短语makingwaves的意思是“引起了争论”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Supportersbelievemakingqualityeducationalinstructionavailabletothepublicwillprovidehigherqualityandlowercostformany,andmighteasilybethebestinstructionalmodelforthefuture.（支持者认为，让公众获得高质量的教育将为许多人提供更高的质量和更低的成本，并可能很容易成为未来最好的教学模式。）可知，在支持者看来，MOOCs的优点是学生可以以较低的成本获得高质量的教育。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nooneknowsforsure,butthemodemclassroommayturnouttobeabinationoftheoldandthenew,withoncampusactivitieslikelabs,debatesandonlineactivitiesworkingwithmassiveonlineofferingstoprovideaspeciallearningexperiencethat’scosteffectiveandconvenient.（没有人确切地知道MOOCs在将来是否会进步，但是现代教室可能是新旧教室的结合，校园活动如实验室、辩论和在线活动与大量的在线产品一起提供一种成本效益高、方便的特殊学习体验。）可知，MOOC将校园活动和网络活动相结合，在将来会获得更大进步。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段第一句“Massiveopenonlinecourses(MOOCs)aremakingwavesnowadays,（如今，大规模在线开放课程(MOOCs)正在引起争论）”，第三段第一句“Supportersbelievemakingqualityeducationalinstructionavailabletothepublic（支持者认为应该向公众提供高质量的教育……）和倒数第二段“SomefindotheraspectsofMOOCstroubling.（一些人发现MOOCs的其他方面令人不安。）可知，本文主要探讨了MOOCs是否是最好的教育模式。故选C。DWeallknowthatcuckoos(杜鹃)useameanwaytoraisetheirbabies.Thefemalecuckooslaytheireggsintootherparents’nests.Ifthecuckoochickhatchesearlierthanothereggs,itwillpushothereggsontoitsback,onebyone,andmaketheeggsfallout.“It’samazing,”notesDanielaCanestrari.She’sabiologistwhostudiesanimalbehaviorattheUniversityofOviedoinSpain.Atfirst,shewasn’tfocusingonbroodparasitism.Shejustwantedtolearnaboutcrowbehavior.Butsomecrownestshadbeenparasitizedbyspottedcuckoos.Whenthecuckooeggshatched,thechicksdidn’tpushcroweggsoutofthenest.Theygrewupalongsidecrowchicks.“Atacertainpoint,wenoticedsomethingthatreallypuzzledus,”Canestrarisays.Nestscontainingacuckoochickseemedmorelikelytosucceed.Bythatshemeansthatatleastonecrowchicksurvivedlongenoughtoflyoutonitsown.Theresearcherswonderedifthereasonhadsomethingtodowithattackers.Wildcatssometimesattackcrownests,killingallthechicks.Arethecuckooshelpfulindefendingnests?Sothescientistsfoundcrownestscontainingacuckoochick.Meanwhile,theymovedsomecuckoostocrowneststhatweren’tparasitized.Thentheresearchersmonitoredwhetherthenestssucceeded.Theyalsowatchedneststhathadnevercontainedacuckoochick.About70percentofcrownestswithaddedcuckoochickssucceeded.Thisratewassimilartothatofchicksinparasitizedneststhatkepttheircuckoos.Butamongnestswhosecuckoochickswereremoved,onlyabout30percentsucceeded.Andthisratewassimilartowhatwasseeninneststhatneverheldacuckoo.“Thepresenceofthecuckoowascausingthisdifference,”Canestrariconcluded.Thenhowdidthecuckoosslimdowntheattackersandprotectthecrownests?Theresearchersfoundcuckoosproducedsmellyliquidwhentheywereindanger.Theresultsshowedthattheattackersallturneduptheirnoseswhentheywereexposedtotheliquidcoatedmeat.32.WhatdoweknowaboutDanielaCanestrari’sresearchonthecuckoos?A.Itfocusedoncuckoos’behaviors. B.Itbroughtanunexpecteddiscovery.C.Itstudiedtherelationshipbetweenanimals. D.Itchangedheropinionsonanimalbehavior.33.DanielaCanestrariwaspuzzledbecause.A.cuckooscansuccessfullydefeatwildcatsB.cuckooslayeggsintootherparents’nestsC.nestsparasitizedbycuckoosaremorelikelytosucceedD.crowchickusuallysurvivedlongerthancuckoochick34.Howdothecuckoosdefendagainsttheirnaturalenemies?A.Byscaringthemaway. B.Byproducingasmellyliquid.C.Bymakingthemselveswet. D.Bygivingoffanunpleasantsmell.35.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Inatravelleaflet. B.Inabiologytextbook.C.Inanexperimentalreport. D.Inanaturemagazine.【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们都知道杜鹃通过在别的鸟的巢穴中下蛋的方式来抚养它们的孩子，但最近研究人员发现，有杜鹃鸟寄生的巢穴似乎雏鸟更容易存活下来。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Atfirst,shewasn’tfocusingonbroodparasitism.Shejustwantedtolearnaboutcrowbehavior.Butsomecrownestshadbeenparasitizedbyspottedcuckoos.Whenthecuckooeggshatched,thechicksdidn’tpushcroweggsoutofthenest.Theygrewupalongsidecrowchicks.(一开始，她并没有把注意力放在巢寄生上。她只是想了解乌鸦的行为。但是一些乌鸦的巢穴被斑点杜鹃寄生了。当杜鹃蛋孵化时，雏鸟没有把乌鸦蛋推出巢外。他们和乌鸦雏鸟一起长大)”以及第三段中“Nestscontainingacuckoochickseemedmorelikelytosucceed.Bythatshemeansthatatleastonecrowchicksurvivedlongenoughtoflyoutonitsown.(有杜鹃的巢似乎更容易成功。她的意思是，至少有一只乌鸦雏鸟存活了足够长的时间，可以自己飞出去)”可知，DanielaCanestrari对杜鹃的研究带来了一个意想不到的发现。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Nestscontainingacuckoochickseemedmorelikelytosucceed.Bythatshemeansthatatleastonecrowchicksurvivedlongenoughtoflyoutonitsown.(有杜鹃的巢似乎更容易成功。她的意思是，至少有一只乌鸦雏鸟存活了足够长的时间，可以自己飞出去)”可知，DanielaCanestrari对此感到困惑，是因为有杜鹃寄生的巢穴更有可能成功存活下来。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theresearchersfoundcuckoosproducedsmellyliquidwhentheywereindanger.Theresultsshowedthattheattackersallturneduptheirnoseswhentheywereexposedtotheliquidcoatedmeat.(研究人员发现，杜鹃鸟处于危险状态时，会分泌出难闻的液体。结果显示，当攻击者接触到涂有液体的肉时，他们全都飞走了)”可知，杜鹃通过分泌一种有臭味的液体来抵御天敌。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了我们都知道杜鹃通过在别的鸟的巢穴中下蛋的方式来抚养它们的孩子，但最近研究人员发现，有杜鹃鸟寄生的巢穴似乎雏鸟更容易存活下来。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现。可推知，文章可能选自一本自然杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theword"emoji"esfromJapanese,literallymeaning"picturecharacter".___36___Theyeindifferentcategories,suchasfacesandpeople,plantsandanimals,andfoodanddrink.WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999,emojiswerelimitedto176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3,000emojis.Duetotheirpopularity,theOxfordDictionariesWordoftheYearin2015wasapictographinsteadofatraditionalword.Intoday’sworld,emojishavebeemoreandmorepopular.___37___Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeanings,andarequickandeasytouse.Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost,yourreadercan"see"yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.___38___Forinstance,ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry,youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.___39___AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare’spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.Somepeople,however,believethatthesenewversionshavetakenawaytheheartandsoulofShakespeare’splays.Aswecansee,emojishaveatendencytopopupallovertheplace.Usersofemojissaythattheyfacilitatethewaywemunicateandexpressourselves.Butthismakesothers,especiallyeducators,worrythatwearelosingtheabilitytomunicateproperlyusingthewrittenword,oreventhespokenword.Afterall,howmanyofustodaywouldrathersendamessagepackedwithemojisthanmakeatelephonecall?___40___Onthatday,emojiswillhavebeearealpictorial"language".But,fornow,maybeit’sbestthatwejustenjoyusingthem.A.Maybeemojis’bestdaysareahead.B.Themostpopularemojisareabsoluteclassics.C.Theuseofemojishasevenspreadtoclassicalliterature.D.Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetomunicateinpictures.E.Itseemsthatemojishaveclea