Unit4知识点提要牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8BUnit4知识点提要一、词汇1.读物可n.read(a/s)一本好的读物agoodread读者可n.reader(a/s)2.烹饪，烹调不可n.cooking3.德国n.Germany4.Canadian①adj.加拿大(人)的;②可n.加拿大人(a/s)5.French①adj.法国(人)的;②可n.法国人=Frenchman★(a/Frenchmen);③n.法语6.知识不可n.knowledge()1.—____importantknowledgeistous!We’dbetterreadmorebooksthanbefore.—Ican’tagreemore.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How()2.—____usefulknowledgeitis!—Yes.Ittellsusweshouldchangethewaywespeakindifferentsituations.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowanD.How7.空闲的，多余的adj.spare▲比较级：r▲最高级：thest★在某人空闲的时间里(2种)inone’sspare/freetime8.作者，作家可n.writer(a/s)一位法国作家aFrenchwriter9.丑陋的adj.ugly▲比较级：uglier▲最高级：theugliest10.感动，触动8BU4&触摸，碰8BU5v.touch▲→三单：es→过去式：ed→现分：ing过分：ed与某人保持联系keepintouchwithsb.11.紧靠，碰，撞prep.against①紧靠★8BU4againstthewall靠在墙上②碰，撞★8BU4crashagainst撞击③反对★voteagainst投反对票、votefor投赞成票④对抗★9AU4fightagainst(theCOVID19/disease)与...作斗争、playagainst与...比赛⑤违反★9AU4goagainst违反、againstone’smind/will/wish违背某人的意愿、againstthelaw违法⑥与...相反★9AU4swimagainstthetide逆流而上/不随大流12.筋疲力尽（短语）be★tired/wornout形近词区分：tied(tie的过去式、过分)tried(try的过去式、过分)13.捆，绑v.tie→三单：s→▲过去式：d→★现分：tying→▲过分：d14.overprep.①从一边到另一边，即“(上方)穿过”②在正上方③在...期间=during④超过=morethan⑤结束⑥遍及15.腹部，胃可n.stomach★★★(a/s)16.直到...为止conj.until★直到...才...not...until...()1．—Canwegotopublicplaceswithoutwearingfacemasks?—No.Weneedtowearthem_______wehavewonthewaragainsttheCOVID−19.A．whileB．because C．untilD．when()2.It’sapitythatsmokerswon’trealizetheimportanceofhealth________theyloseit.A．before B．until C．since D．If()3.[变式题]WhenIgooutintheevening,mydognevergoestobed_______Ieback.A.afterB.laterC.untilD.if17.手指可n.finger(a/s)18.极小的adj.tinythiny▲比较级：tinier▲最高级：thetiniest反义词：巨大的adj.huge19.摔倒（短语）fallover/downfall→三单：s→▲过去式：fell→现分：ing→▲过去分词：fallen20.继续v.continue→三单：s→▲过去式：d→▲现分：continuing→▲过分：d21.也adv.either(用于否定句句末)22.设法完成，管理v.manage→三单：s→▲过去式：d→▲现分：managing→▲过分：d23.大批，大群；军队可n.army★(an/armies)一群...anarmyof...一大群...ahugearmyof...几群...armiesof...参军jointhearmy24.必须，一定情态v.must★禁止mustn’t25.不能的，不会的adj.unable(不)能够做某事be(un)abletodosth.26.肩膀可n.shoulder(a/s)[提示]根据句意选择单复数1．WhileIwasleavinghome,myfathercamebackwithaheavybagonhisright_____(肩膀)．2．Theyoungmanhasstrong________(肩膀)tocarryheavybags.3．Danielisrestingonhismother’s________(肩膀).Heseemstobetiredout.27.举起，抬高；提高v.lift→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed举起某人的手(2种)lift/raiseone’shands28.交；递，给v.hand→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed29.上交，递交（短语）handin★★★上交它们handthemin30....等等（短语）...andsoon31.评论可n.review(a/s)形近词区分：★续借；更新；重新开始v.renew采访，会见，面试可n.interview(an/s)景色，风景可n.view(a/s)32.归还，返回v.return→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed[重点]return意为“返回”时，不能和back连用33.准时（短语）ontime34.每次，一次（短语）atatime35.拒绝，回绝v.refuse→三单：s→▲过去式：d→现分：ing→▲过分：d★拒绝做某事refusetodosth.36.到目前为止（短语）sofar=uptonow★现在完成时的时间状语标志37.成功可n.success(a/—)常用单数成功v.succeed成功的adj.successful8BU5成功地adv.Successfully★取得巨大的成功beagreatsuccess做某事成功succeedindoingsth.38.翻译v.translate→三单：s→▲过去式：d→▲现分：translating→▲过分：d把A翻译成BtranslateAintoBA被翻译成BAbetranslatedintoB39.销售量[复]sales←sell区分：一系列；系列节目[复]可n.*series40.一本(份，册);副本可n.copy(a/copies)一本...acopyof...两本...twocopiesof...几本...severalcopiesof...41.每次，一次（短语）atatime42.经历可n.★(an/s)&经验不可n.experience[典型例题]().—MrLihaslotsofunusual__________andheoftensharesthemwithus.—Ialsoadmirehimforhisgoodteaching__________asanEnglishteacher.A.experiences;experiences B.experience;experienceC.experiences;experience D.experience;experiences43.建议不可n.advice★★★一些/许多建议some/muchadvice44.习惯可n.habit(a/s)旧习难改。Oldhabitdiehard.45.对立的人（或物）可n.8BU3★(an/s)；在...对面，与...相反prep.8BU4opposite★★★与...相反betheoppositeof,,,46.开启；开创；开辟（短语）openup开启一个全新的世界openupawholenewworld带*号1.小说可n.*novel(a/s)2.★续借；更新；重新开始v.*renew→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed().Thelibrarianaskthestudentsto____thebooksontime.Iftheywanttokeepthemlonger,theyhaveto____them.A.renew;returnB.review;returnC.return;reviewD.return;renew3.一系列；系列节目[复]可n.*series4.出版v.publish→▲三单：es→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed5.出版社可n.*publishinghouse(a/s)6.航行v.8BU4&帆可n.(a/s)8BU3*sail→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed区分：帆船运动，航行不可n.8BU2*sailing区分：航班；航行可n.8BU2*flight(a/s)7.隐藏的adj.*hidden8.信心不可n.*confidence自信的adj.confident9.图书管理员可n.*librarian(a/s)←library10.古典的adj.*classical区分：音乐剧可n.*musical(a/s)区分：魔法不可n.magic教材英文释义总结★1.against(hittingsomething)2.tie(holdthingstogetherwithropes)3.tiny(verysmall)4.continue(keepdoingsomething/goon)5.manage(finishwhatyouhavetriedtodo)二、重要短语、句子icstrips—Weletotheunit部分1.决定(不)做某事decide(not)todosth.2.★还没有。Notyet.3.并不是。/不全是。Notexactly.4.★够到冰箱上的盒子reachtheboxonthefridge5.★对...感兴趣be/beeinterestedin...6.增长我过去的知识improvemyknowledgeofthepast7.★在某人空闲的时间里(2种)inone’sspare/freetime8.法国作家写的★(written)bytheFrenchwriter().—Areyoureadingabook__________science?—No.It’sabook__________Hemingway.ItsnameisTheOldManandtheSea.A.about;on B.by;about C.about;by D.with;byReading部分9.在...之前/到...的时候bythetime...10.醒来/叫醒wakeupwake→三单：s→★过去式：woke→▲现分：waking→★过分：woken11.把A绑到B上tieAtoB12.A被绑到B上AbetiedtoBtie→三单：s→▲过去式：tied→★现分：tying→▲过分：tied13.挣脱一只手pullonehandfree14.设法弄断绳子managetobreaktheropes15.径直走向我estraightto(wards)meGrammar部分16.吴老师已经推荐了如此多的有趣的书给我们。MrWuhasremendedsomanyinterestingbookstous.17.丹尼尔决定好先读哪一本书了吗？HasDanieldecidedwhichbooktoreadfirst?18.他想要查明如何在如此短的一段时间内环游世界。Hewantstofindouthowtotravelaroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.19.顺便问一下，你能告诉我什么时候上交读书报告吗？Bytheway,canyoutellmewhentohandinthebookreport?Integratedskills&studyskills部分20.别担心。Don’tworry.21.乐意做某事bewillingtodosth.Task部分22.中国四大古典小说thefourgreatclassicalChinesenovels23.给我许多关于读书的建议givemelotsofadvice★onreadingbooks三、语言点1.Transitionalwordsandphrases连接词和短语(1)既然，由于since▲(2)恰恰相反的是Instead,(3)要不然，否则Otherwise,(4)当…的时候when=while♣=as♦(5)尽管Anyway,=though=although(6)此外Moreover,=Besides,■=What’smore,(7)因为because=since▲=for=as♦(8)所以Asaresult,=so=*therefore(9)然而，但是However,=while♣=but❤(10)事实上(暗含转折)Infact,(11)除了except=but❤、除了...还有besides■(12)首先Atfirst,=Inthebeginning,=*Firstofall,(13)最后Finally,=Atlast,=Intheend,(14)例如Forexample,=suchas(15)...等等...andsoon(16)以及aswellas(17)一...就...assoonas(18)不仅...，而且...，notonly...,butalso...,(19)一方面...，另一方面...，Ontheonehand,...Ontheother(hand),...2.“某国人”单数变复数的口诀：“中日不变英法变，其余s加后面”国家 某国语言 首都 某国人 单数 复数China中国 Chinese汉语 Beijing北京 Chinese ChinesetheUK/England/Britain英国 English英语 London伦敦 Englishman EnglishmentheUSA/America美国 WashingtonD.C.华盛顿（哥伦比亚特区） American AmericansAustralia澳大利亚 Canberra堪培拉 Australian AustraliansCanada加拿大 English英语、French法语 Ottawa渥太华 Canadian CanadiansGermany德国 German德语 Berlin柏林 German GermansRussia俄罗斯 Russian俄语 Moscow莫斯科 Russian RussiansJapan日本 Japanese日语 Tokyo东京 Japanese JapaneseFrance法国 French法语 Paris巴黎 Frenchman FrenchmenItaly意大利 Italian意大利语 Rome罗马 Italian ItaliansEgypt埃及 Arabic阿拉伯语 Cairo开罗 Egyptian Egyptian3.区分：“处理”(2种)what→dowith；how→dealwith[典型例题]().—Idon’tknowwhatIshould______theseoldclothes.—MaybeJohncangiveyousomeadviceonhowto______them.A.dealwith;dowithB.dowith;dowithC.dowith;dealwithD.dealwith4.区分：“↑”(2种)物riseroserisen；人raiseraisedraised物例外：Herose(起身)andlefttheroom.[典型例题]()1．AstheGrainrain(谷雨)es,thetemperature_________higherandhigher.A．raises B．rises C．raisedD.rised()2．Thesunis_________.It’stimeto_________thenationalflag.A．raising;rise B．raising;raise C．rising;raise D．rising;rise()3．Sincethepriceofthecottonhas______alot,thefactoriesplanto______thepriceoftheircottonclothes.A．risen;raise B．raised;raise C．raised;rise D．risen;rise()4．[易错题]Chinesestudentsmust_________theirhandsfirstandthen________tospeakinclass.A．raise;rise B．raise;raise C．rise;rise D．rise;raise5.区分：“借”（3种）borrow/borrowed借入borrowsth.fromsb.从某人那借来某物lend/lent借出lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人keep/kept借用keepsth.for＋时间段借用某物一段时间[典型例题]()．—CanI________abookfromyou?—Certainly.Butyoumustn’t________ittoothers.Andpleaserememberyoucanonly________itforaweek.A．borrow;lend;borrowB．lend;borrow;keepC．lend;lend;keepD．borrow;lend;keep6.区分：managetodosth. 设法完成某事 √ trytodosth. 尝试做某事 ？ failtodosth. 未能做某事 × [典型例题]().ItwasadifficultMathsproblem,butafteranhour’staking,theboy__________toworkitout.7.区分：3个介词“穿过”：through、across、over★5个教材短语：gothroughmymind/pullmyselfslowlythroughthedark/walkthroughthefloodwatermoveupovermystomachandneck/moveacrossmybody[典型例题]()1．—Whereisthehospital,please?—Look,thereisabridge_____theriver.Go_____thebridgeandit’sjustontheothersideoftheriver.A．over,across B．under,alongC．across;over D．over,through()2．Look,theclassroomlooksbrighterasthesunlightes________thewindows.A．crossB．acrossC．over D．through8.区分：“也”（4种）[小试身手]用also/too/aswell/either填空（1）他也是一个诚实的男孩。Heis_________anhonestboy.=Heisanhonestboy,_________.=Heisanhonestboy_________.（2）他也不是一个诚实的男孩。Heisn’tanhonestboy_________.()1．[易错题]—Myfatherenjoys______thisfootballmatch.—Me,________.A.watching;tooB．towatch;tooC．watching;aswell D．towatch;either()2．[易错题]—Iwon’tattendthepartyunless(除非)Iaminvited.—Me,________.A.tooB．alsoC．aswell D．Either9.继续做某事(同一件事)continuedoingsth.=keep(on)doingsth.继续做某事(另一件事)continuetodosth.[典型例题]()1.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.Youshouldcontinue______it.A．todo B．todoing C．doing D．do2．Mostwomencontinue________(work)aftertheyhadbabies.10.★停止做某事（同一件事）stopdoingsth.停下来去做某事（另一件事）stoptodosth.★忘记去做某事（未做）forgettodosth.忘记做过某事（已做）*forgetdoingsth.记得去做某事（未做）remembertodosth.记得做过某事（已做）rememberdoingsth.记得不要做某事remembernottodosth.11.和...一样adj.(2种)bethesamen.as=beasadj.as★★★和...一样大bethesamesizeas=beasbigasThesmallmanwasthesamesizeasGulliver’slittlefinger.(改为同义句)Thesmallmanwas_____________________Gulliver’slittlefinger.12.使某人做某事makesb.dosth.13.发现做某事是adj.findit★/sb./sth.＋adj.＋todosth.[典型例题]()1．Wefind_______usefulandimportant_______Englishwell.A．it;learn B．it;tolearn C．that;learning D．this:tolearn()2．Chinesepeoplefind______importanttohelpdevelopAfricancountriesalongtheBeltandRoad(“一带一路”).A．it B．this C．that D．these14.★尽可能adj./adv.asadj./adv.aspossible=asadj./adv.assb.can/could[典型例题]()1.Ifthereisabigfireinahouse,you’dbetterrunoutofthehouse_____________.A.asquickaspossibleB.asquickasyoucouldC.asquicklyascanD.asquicklyaspossible()2.GrandpaWangwantedtofindthekindtaxidriver_______.A.asquickaspossibleB.asquicklyashecouldC.