2023-2024学年北京东城高三（上）期末英语试卷（含答案）

东城区2023-2024学年度第一学期期末统一检测

高三英语2024.1

本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

When19yearoldAliceDickinsonfoundoutherfatherhadcancer,herlwasalittledifferentthan

youmightexpect.Tohonorherfather,whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend,shedecidedtostartabook

drivecalledForLove,_2__booksforkidswithcancer.

“Itwasverymuchanovernightidea,“sheexplains."Ipostedamessageonanappaskingmyneighbo

rsforusedbookdonations.Iwasonlyexpectingafewhereandthere,buttheresponsewastrulyand

itwasjustthepushIneededtocoexistwithmysadnessratherthanlettingit4me”

“Itwasabsolutelyheartbreakingtowatchmydad5cancerandseehimlosealittlebitofhimsel

feachday,butthebookdriveallowedmeto6anewfoundsenseofpurposemixedwithanevengreat

ersenseofsympathyanddesiretohelpothersIwantedtohelp7They'vealwaysheldasoftspotin

myheart”

Usingthe8sheearnsfromworkingatherparents'breadshopAlicehasboughtmanybooksout

ofherownpocket.Inaddition,shereceivesdonationsthroughheronlinewishlist.Alicespentawhole

summerdrivingaroundtown,loadingboxesofbooksintohercar."Itwassuchauniqueexperiencetoknow

peoplehadcarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations,andtheywantedto9themtomycause.9,

Theprojecthasseenahuge_10_,withForLovedonatingover15,000booksandbeingwidelyrec

ognizedbythemedia.

高三英语第1页（共11页）

1.A.sufferingB.explanationC.responseD.treatment

2.A.writingB.promotingC.readingD.collecting

3.A.appropriateB.incredibleC.familiarD.immediate

4.A.excuseB.consumeC.dismissD.touch

5.A.throwoffB.keepfromC.lookintoD.gothrough

6.A.evaluateB.developC.regainD.provide

7.A.kidsB.neighborsC.friendsD.parents

3.A.creditB.interestC.awardsD.tips

9.A.giftB.lendC.submitD.mail

10.A.marketB.profitC.successD.demand

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示

词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Mysix-year-olddaughter,Rona,listenedattentivelytotheradioonthehardshipspeoplesuffered

_11_poorareasItwasthedayafterRona'sbirthdayandhergrandmotherhadgivenhersomemoney.

Whentheofferingbasketcamearound,Rona12(reach)intoherpocket,pulledoutherbirthdaym

oney,andputitinthebasket."Yourgrandmotherwantedyoutousethattobuysomethingnicefor_

13(you)；'Isaid"Idid,“Ronarepliedwithabigsmile“Iboughthappiness.9,

B

Somepeoplearelivingverylonglives.Whataresomeoftheirsecretstolongevity?14(eat)

therightfoodplaysabigroleExerciseisalsoimportantAstudyfoundthatpeoplewhoexercised

at15(recommend)levelsgained34yearsoflifecomparedtothose16wereinactiveInadd

ition,thereisalsoalinkbetweenhappinessandlifespan-happypeoplewithapositiveoutlookonlife

tendtolive17(long)andexperiencebetterhealththantheirunhappyp

高三英语第2页(共11页)

c

Astudyshows176birdspecieshavebeenfoundtobuildnestswithhumanlitter,sue

hasplasticbagsandfishingnets18worriesthescientistsisthatsuchmaterialsca

nharmchicksandevenadultbirdsThestudy19(review)researchcoveringalmost

35,000nestsandfindsthatbirdsusehuman-madematerialsinnestsonallcontioentsexc

eptAntarcticaWhilesuchbehaviour20(observe)asearlyasinthe1830s,inrecent

yearsithasundoubtedlyincreased.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题

卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Connectedtoeachotherlikeneverbefore,youngpeopletodayarebecomingagents

ofchange,increasinglycontributingtoinnovativesolutionsthatimprovepeople'slivesand

theplanet'shealth.

TheUnitedNationsInstituteforTrainingandResearchisthereforedelightedtolaunc

htheYoungLeadersOnlineTrainingProgramme,afour-weeke-Learningcourse,toprovi

departicipantswiththeknowledgeandskillstofullyunfoldtheirpotentialasgloballeade

rs.

♦CONTENT

OOnlineLearningModules

Module1:TheUnitedNations(3-9June2024)

Module2:ConferenceDiplomacy(夕卜交)(10-16June2024)

Module3:SustainableDevelopmentGoals(17-23June2024)

Module4:InternationalCommunication(24-30June2024)

Eachmodulewillcompriseabout30pagesofliterature,externallinks,videos,andot

herrelevantmaterial,correspondingtoatotalworkloadof40-45hoursduringthefourw

eeks.

◊LiveComponents

Eache-LearningmodulewillgowithaseriesoflivemeetingswithUNexperts.Thes

ewillhavevaryinglengthsandformats,includinge-workshops,mock(模拟的)interviews,e

tc.

高三英语第3页（共11页）

COMPLETIONREQUIREMENTS

Participantsarequalifiedforacoursecertificateuponsuccessfulcompletionofthecomponentsbelo

w:

Readingthefourmodules*content.Youmaywishtostudythematerialthroughtheinteractiveprogra

mmeArticulateStorylineorsimplydownloadthePDFversionofthecontent.Theyareidenticalinc

ontentandaremeanttogiveparticipantsflexibilityinthewaytostudy.

Participationinthediscussionboardforums（论坛）.Youaresupposedtoanswerquestionsoneverymo

duleinshorttexts.Yourpostswillbeevaluatedaccordingtobothquantityandquality.

OPassingthemultiple-choiceassessments.Eachmodulefeaturesanassessmentquizatitsend.Itcontai

ns10questions,andpassingthemodulerequiresatleast8outof10questionscorrectlyanswered.

21.Whatisthemainaimofthecourse?

A.Toimprovethelivesofyoungpeople.

B.Toconnecttheyoutharoundtheworld.

C.Tocollectinnovativeideasfromyoungpeople.

D.Tobuilduptheyouth'sgloballeadershipability.

22.Whatwillparticipantsdoineachmodule?

A.Readgreatworksofliterature.

B.Spend40-45hoursonlearning.

C.MakevideosfortheUnitedNations.

D.HaveonlinemeetingswithUNexperts.

?3Togetacoursecertificate,aparticipantneedsto

A.takepartinthediscussions

B.postquestionsoneachmodule

C.copythePDFversionofthecontent

D.answerallthetestquestionscorrectly

B

WhenIfirstheardabouttheimprov（即兴表演）classes,Iwastom.Asanintrovert,Ifearedgetting

onstageandimprovisinginfrontofstrangers.However,IknewIwantedtoworkasasciencecommuni

catorafterfinishingmyPh.D.,soitseemedliketheperfectopportunitytoimprovemyspeakingability

andgainconfidencethinkingonmyfeet.

Duringourfirstclass,welearnedacoreconceptofimprov:"yes,and."Itmeansthat,asimprovisers,

weacceptwhatfellowperformerssay.Ifsomeonesaysthatrhinos（爪牛）arelibrarians,forexample,then

rhinosarelibrarians.Wedonotquestionthelogic;wesay"yes”andcontinuewiththesceneasifnoris

istengand.

高三英语第4页（共H页）

Igotatasteofhowdifficultthatwaswhenactingoutmyfirstscene.Myclassmate

turnedtomeandsaid,“Momisgoingtobesomad."Madaboutwhat?Mymindspuno

utideas,andmyinnercriticshotthemalldown.Webrokethecar?No,that'stooeasy.W

efailedatest?No,youdon*twantyourclassmatesthinkingyou'restupidonthefirstday.

Ifinallylandedonananswer:t4Yes,we*regoingtobelatefordinner."Thesceneproceed

edfromthere,andweeventuallyfinishedastwosisterswholosttheirwayonahikingt

rail.

Thefirstfewsceneswerehard,butasweeksturnedintomonths,Ibecamemoreco

mfortablethinkingonmyfeetandevenstartedtoenjoyourclasses.Ineversilencedmy

innercriticentirely,butovertime,Ididn'tpolicemywordswithquitesomucheffort.I

alsobecamebetteratlistening,relatingtomyconversationpartners,andcommunicatingcle

arlyinthemoment.

Thattrainingproveduseful6monthsago,whenmyexperimentsgeneratedunreasonab

ledata.Earlyoningraduateschool,Iwouldgetstuckwhenthishappened;myinnercriti

cwouldassumeIhadmadeamistake.Butthen,afterembracingWyes,and^concept,in

steadofgettingdiscouraged,Ikeptexploringthedataandendedupidentifyinganewtyp

eofcell-onethatwasn'tbehavingasexpected.IfIhadn'tacceptedthepossibilitythatt

heresultswerereal,IwouldhavemissedoutonthemostexcitingfindingofmyPh.D.

sofar.

Allscientistscanbenefitfromthislesson.Ifthedatasayrhinosarelibrarians,thenit'

sworthinvestigatingwhetherrhinosare,infact,librarians.Ourjobasscientistsisn*ttog

eneratedatathatsupportapreconceived（预想的）story.Ourjobistosayt6yes,and,^^

1.Whydidtheauthortaketheimprovclasses?

A.Toimproveherlogicalmind.

B.TofinishherPh.D.assignment.

C.Todevelophercommunicationskills.

D.Topursueherinterestinperformance.

25.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthefirstscene?

A.Conflicted.B.Bored.C.Discouraged.D.Embarrassed.

26Accordingtotheauthor,inherexperiments,uyes,and^helpedher

A.acceptfailuresB.makeanewdiscovery

C.makeupforamistakeD.correctunreasonabledata

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Theunknowncanbeaninspiration.B.Theunexpectedcanberewarding;

C.Theunfortunatecanbeachance.D.Theunusualcanbedecisive.

高三英语第5页（共11页）

c

Whenwe'resolvingacomplicatedproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.

We'relookingtogetthebestideasasquicklyaspossible.Iloveseeingithappen-except

foronetinywrinkle.Groupbrainstormingusuallybackfires.

Extensiveevidenceshowsthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,we'reunlikelytoma

ximizecollectiveintelligence.AsthehumouristJohnSmithsaid,“Ifyouhadtoidentify,in

oneword,thereasonwhythehumanracehasnotachieved,andneverwillachieve,its

fullpotential,thatwordwouldbe:'meetings'."Buttheproblemisn'tmeetingsthemselves一it

*showwerunthem.

Thinkaboutthebrainstormingsessionsyou'veattended.You'veprobablyseenpeople

bitetheirtonguesduetoegothreat("Idon'twanttolookstupid."),noise(6tWecan'tallt

alkatonce."),andconformitypressure("Let'salljumpontheboss'sship!^^).Goodbyed

iversityofthought,hellogroupthink.

Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,insteadofbrainstorming,we'rebetteroffsh

iftingtoaprocesscalled“brainwriting”.Theinitialstepsaresolo.Youstartbyaskingeve

ryonetogenerateideasseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroup.

Topreserveindependentjudgment,eachmemberevaluatesthemontheirown.Onlythen

doestheteamcometogethertoselectandrefinethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopi

ngandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingthem,teamscansurfaceandadvance

possibilitiesthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.

ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviourscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelps

toexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatakeytocollectiveintelligenceisful

1andfairparticipation.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it'stooeasyforparticipationtobecom

elopsidedinfavourofthebiggestegos,theloudestvoices,andthemostpowerfulpeopl

e.Thebrainwritingprocessmakessurethatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoi

cesarebroughtintotheconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroo

m-it'stomaketheroomsmarter.

Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity.Butitdoesn'tendthere.Indi

vidualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Tha

tmeansthattheycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroups-butalsomoreterrible

ideasthangroupsIttakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbrin

gthebestideastofruition.

高三英语递自通（姚山真）

28.BothJohnSmithandtheauthormayagreethatbrainstormingmeetingsfailto

A.assesshumans*potentialB.simplifyproblemsquickly

C.acceptpossiblegoodideasD.getthemostoutofindividuals

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^lopsided^inParagraph5mostprobablymean?

A.Informal.B.Unbalanced.C.Improper.D.Unpleasant.

10Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto

A.challengeaconclusionB.makeacomparison

C.advocateapracticeD.introducearesearch

D

Scientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.Fi

rst,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.There'llbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,th

eworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon'tprioritisethelong-termmeasuresneededto

dealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroadmaptoalow-carbonfuture.

That'swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology——withoutittheworldcan'tprovide

thefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.Butweshouldalsobecauti

ous,asnewtechnologies,suchasAI,maybehardtocontrol.

Alwillundoubtedlybecomemoreintrusiveinthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,health

andfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereaso

ns,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsav

ailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglob

al-scalecorporations.

Actually,it*sbeyondEarththatAIhasthemostenormouspotential.Humansmayhaveesta

blishedbasesbeyondEarthbytheyear2100.Butdon*teverexpectmassemigration（移民）from

Earth.It*safalsebeliefthatspaceoffersanescapefromourproblems.Dealingwithclimatecha

ngeonEarthisapieceofcakecomparedtoterraformingMars.

Nevertheless,weshouldcheeronthesebravehumanspaceadventurers.Theyllbeill-adapt

edtoaMartianhabitat,sotheyllhaveasupermotivetoredesignthemselves.Itsthey,notthose

ofusadaptedtolifeonEarth,whowillpioneerthepost-humanera（日寸代）.

高三英语第7页（共11页）

Ifpost-human-nonketheshiftfromflochandliloodtofully:Irtificalintelligences,theywon*

tneedinpimosphenorevengravity,soit'sindeepspace-notevenonMarsthattwobiological

“brains“innydevelop/x)wersthatwecan'timngune.Theymyendupbuingmentallydifferentfrom

us.AIcouldjumpstartahuaremignationandthusovermorecomplexintelligencespreadsthrough

theuniverse.

Butletsrepocusfromthesciencefictionofthefarfuture,closertothehereandnow.Thiscent

uryisspecial.It'sthefirst,inEarth*s4.5-billion-yearhistorywhereonespecies-ours-holdstheplanet*

sfutureinitshands.()urintelligencecouldinitiatebillionsofyearsofpost-humanevolution(演化)，

evenmoreamazingthanthatwhichledtous.Ontheotherhand,humanscouldcausebiological,envi

ronmentalorcybercatastrophesthatforecloseallthispotential.

Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term-empoweredbyscien

ce,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan'tprovide.

31.Whydoestheauthormentionthetwotrendsinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toreplytogovernments'decisions.

B.Toshowscientists*predictionability.

C.Topresentacallforscientificadvances.

D.Tohighlightthechallengestoscientists.

!Accordingtothispassage,Alcan

A.putanendtoclimatechange

B.makemasshumanemigrationpossible

C.speedupthecompetitioninmedicalfields

D.bringaboutpotentialthreatsfrombigcompanies

3.Asforthefuture,whatdoestheauthoragreewith?

A.Post-humanswillrepeatthehistoryofhumans.

B.Complexintelligencewilldominatetheuniverse.

C.Fullyartificialintelligencesmayinhabitouterspace.

D.Non-biologicalbrainsmayinviteunforeseendisasters.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.CouldAlSaveUs?

B.WillScienceLeadEvolution?

C.ArcSpaceAdventurersPioneers?

D.IsComplexIntelligenceComing?

高三英语第8页（共11•页）

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡

上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TheScienceofComfortFood

Certainfoodsalwaysgiveusmuchpleasure35However,muchofthehappin

esswegetfromourfavoritefoodscomesfromthememoriestheybringtousandthe

peoplewe*rewithwhileweenjoythem.

36Thafswhyourbrainsrewardusforeatinganythingatallbyreleasingache

micalthatenhancesmood.Butasanyonewho'severeatenapplepieknows,sweetscan

makeusfeelespeciallynice.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoareespeciallysensitivet

osweetnesshavestrongerbrain-rewardresponsestosugaryfoodsthanlesssweet-sensitiv

epeopledo.

Somefoodsareespeciallyemotionallysatisfyingforreasonsthathavelittletodowi

ththeirtasteornutritionalcontent,though37AndmanyfavoriteAmericancomfort

foods-chili,say-arenotparticularlysweetorhighincarbohydrates（碳水化合物）.Often

welovefoodbecausewehavefondmemoriesassociatedwithit.OnedishIcannotlive

withoutataNewYearpartyismymom*sSnowyMashedPotatoes,whichremindmeof

holidayjoyandpastreunionswithextendedfamily.

38Sometimesyoumightfeelsadwhenyoueatfoodsthatremindyouofloved

onesyoumiss.Wemayalsoavoidfoodsthatweassociatewithbadexperiences.Ihave

n*teatencottagecheesesinceIwas8yearsold,becauseitwasthelastthingIatebef

orerollingoffthebedwithaterriblestomachache.

Inadditiontopastmemories,thecontextinwhichweeatfoodsmatters,too.39

Andourgustatory（味觉的）experiencescanbeheightenedby“asenseofcommunity,asen

seofwarmthandenjoyingittogether^^.Iappreciatemymum'spotatoesevenmoretoday

whenIeatthemwithmyhusbandandtwochildren.

A.Foodisessentialforoursurvival.

B.Theseassociationscangotheotherway,too.

C.Wedesirecomfortfoodswhenwefeellonely.

D.Itshapeshowmuchweenjoytheminthemoment.

E.Theirtasteandnutritionalcontentaffecthowwefeel.

F.Ourmemoryforsmellcanbelong-lastingandprecise.

G.Afterall,differentcultureshavedifferentcomfortfoods.

高三英语第9页（共n页）

40.Whatdoes"nomophobia"referto?

41.Whydidtheauthordecidetogiveuphersmartphone?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand

explainwhy.

>Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfinditawkwardtotalkwithafriendontheph

one.

43.Apartfromthewaysmentionedinthepassage,whatcanyoudotoavoidaanomopho

bia”?(Inabout40words)

第二节(20分)

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英语俱乐部将举办“最美店诗译文”评选活动。

作为活动负责人，请你用英文给外教Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括:

1.活动介绍；

2.评委职责。

注意:1.词数100左右；

2