2024届上海青浦区高考英语一模 （官方版）

2023学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研

英语学科试卷

考生注意：

1.本试卷共12页。满分140分。考试时间120分钟。

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I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossible

answersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Apolicewoman.B.Awaitress.C.Aflightattendant.D.Apilot.

2.A.At5:30.B.At5:35.C.At6:00.D.At6:05.

3.A.Confusing.B.Enjoyable.C.Relaxing.D.Boring.

4.A.Theplaystartedearly.B.Shewentbacktogetherticket.

C.Tomwalkedwithhertothebusstop.D.Itwasalongwayfromthetheatre.

5.A.Preparinghisschoolproject.B.Catchingtheschoolbus.

C.Makingthefinaltouchonthefood.D.Handinginhishomework.

6.A.Returnthedogtoherrelative.B.Placeabanondogs.

C.Cleanherapartment.D.Staywithherrelative.

7.A.Findanotherscale.B.Developafitnessroutine.

C.Tryanotherworkoutprogramme.D.Waitfortherighttimetoexercise.

8.A.Themallmustbeovercrowded.

B.Ifshardtofindthewayinthemall.

C.Theyshouldcometothemallsomeotherday.

D.Theycangetintothemallthroughthesouthgate.

9.A.Tonyhopestochangehisroleintheplay.

B.Tonylacksconfidenceinplayingthepart.

C.ProfessorWrightwillhelpTonyrememberthelines.

D.ProfessorWrightwillgiveTonyhintsduringtheshow.

10.A.ItwasquiteeasyforthemtoclimbHuashan.

B.ThemanwenttoHuashanduringthesummervacation.

C.Thewomandidn'treachallthemountaintopsofHuashan.

D.TheweatherwasjustfinewhenthewomanclimbedHuashan.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwill

beaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.Theshort

passagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Makingthewearerfeeltired.

B.Graduallyweakeninganadult'seyes.

C.Thelossofvisioninchildren.

D.Permanentchangeoftheeyestructure.

12.A.Workinghard.B.Wearingsunglasses.

C.WatchingTVinpoorlight.D.Readinginbed.

13.A.Waysofchoosingeyeglasses.

B.Suggestionsofeyesightprotection.

C.Untruthsofeyeglassesandeyesight.

D.Provenfactsofthebenefitsofeyeglasses.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Byreviewingnewwordseveryday.

B.Bystudyingtheusageofthenewwordatnight.

C.Byconnectingthenewwordwiththe"old"ones.

D.Byapplyingthenewwordtodailyconversations.

15.A.Desiretolearnanewlanguage.B.Anxietytovisitacommunity.

C.Eagernesstohavemoresleep.D.Wishtobeconnected.

16.A.Rolesofdreamsinschoollife.

B.Rightattitudestowardslanguagelearning.

C.Connectionsbetweendreamsandlanguagelearning.

D.Effectivewaystomemorizeforeignlanguagevocabulary.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.13years.B.17years.C.20years.D.24years.

18.A.Thepressurefromhiscompetitors.

B.Thehighexpectationfromhisparents.

C.Theunforgettablematchesheplayedoncourt.

D.Theprizeshereceivedfromwinningthechampionships.

19.A.Becausehehadanoperationbutgotwellsoon.

B.Becausehedidn'thaveenoughrestbeforethematch.

C.Becausehisfamilyandteamgavehimalotofsupport.

D.Becausehisbeliefanddesiretowinworkedandhelped.

20.A.Talkativeandinspiring.B.Talentedanddetermined.

C.Modestandhumorous.D.Optimisticandrealistic.

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

TheSisterhoodoftheTravelingDiary

KyraPeraltethoughtkeepingadiarymighthelphersortouthertroubledfeelings.InApril2020,

themotheroftwoinNewJersey,startedwritingaboutthechallengesofhandlingwork,marriageand

motherhoodduringaglobalcrisis.

Writingreleasedemotions,butPeralte,now46,wantedtoknowhowotherwomenweredoing.So

shemadeanunusualoffer.Sheinvitedwomenfromnearandfartofillthe_21—(remain)linedpages

ofhernotebookwiththeirownstories.ShenamedtheprojectTheTravelingDiary.

Somanywantedtoparticipate_22—Peraltedecidedtocreateawebsite

()forpeopletoaddtheirnamestothequeue.Shecameupwithasystem:each

person_23—(get)tokeepthediaryforthreedaysandfillsasmanypagesasshewishes.Thensheis

responsibleformailingittothenextperson.

Sofar,morethan2,000womenfrom30countries_24—(participate).Ofcourse,notallthose

entriescouldfitinjustonejournal.Morethan50ofthesenotebooksarecurrently_25—use.About20

completedonesarebackinPeralte9spossession.

Eachparticipantfillsthepageswithherownhandwriting,narratingherexperiences,recounting

obstaclesshefaced,andsharing_26—(learn)lessons.

KirstyNicol,31fromLondon,receivedthejournalinMarch2021.Shesaidreadingtheentries

allowedhertotransportherintothelivesof_27—andfindbitsofwisdomtheyleft.

OnesuchpearlcamefromawomaninAustralia.Shehadwritten:"Workingwiththesetbacks.Not

againstthem.Patienceandgratitude.Ifsadance.Lifeismovingandwe_28_stampourfeetin

rejection,orwecangracefullyembracethemess,tidyingaswego.”

“Ithasreallyevolvedintoacommunity,Peraltesays.Shesendsparticipantsaweeklynewsletter

andoftenhostsonlinemeetingssothewomengetthechancetogettoknowoneanothermore,share

storiesandfeel_29—(distant).Someofthewomen,shesays,haveevenbecomeclosefriends.Her

spontaneousidea,shesays,hashadaprofoundeffectonthewomen_30_werepartofit."The

TravelingDiaryismakingsistersoutofstrangers."Shesays.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonly

once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.carvedB.unknowinglyC.ecosystemD.artificialE.elemental

F.changingG.practicallyH.wrinkledI.unmovingJ.speciesK.inspection

MagicalCreatures:ANAPPRECIATIONOFAUTUMNMOTH(蛾)

Mothsseemtohaveabitofabadreputation:tosometheyareillindicationsorsomethingscary,to

otherstheyaredullincomparisontoourwell-lovedbutterflies.Butmothsareanessentialpartofa(n)

—31—,andimportantfoodsourcesforspecieslikebirdsandbats.Andforme,mothsarefarfromdull.

MyfirstmeetingwithanAngleShadesmothwasnearlyanon-encounter.Ialmostpassedbywithout

noticingit,thinkingitwasafallenleafonafencepost.Buttherewassomethingaboutitthatstoppedme

inmytracks.Itsangularshapeperhaps?Orthewayitsat,—32—,despitethebreeze.Closer_33—

revealedcreamandbuffshell-shapedwings,paintedwithtrianglesoflightpinkandbrown.Suddenly,it

transformedfroma(n)—34—leafintoalivingthingbeforemyeyes.I'vebeenfascinatedeversince.

TheCanary-shoulderedThorn,withitshairybuttercup-colouredbodyandyellowandorangewings,

remindsmeofafallensilver帅c/z(白桦树)leaf.Anight-flyer,itfavoursgardensandwoodlands,andis

oftendrawnto_35—light,meaningthatyourtorchbeammaybeattractingmothsaswellaslighting

yourwayinthedark.Ifsalsoworthdouble-checkinganyleavesinfarmhouses,astheseshelteredspots

areafavouritehidingplaceofanotheroverwintering_36_:theHeraldmoth.Thiselegantcreature?s

beautifulwingslookasthoughthey'vebeen_37_byhandandpaintedwithbronze.

There?smoretotheseimitatorsthanfallenleaves.TheGreen-spottedCrescent,which_38—

disappearsonroughbranches,hasmetallicgreenspotsintegratingwiththemoss（苔辞）.MaybeFve

already_39—crossedpathswithone,though.Aswedigoutourbigcoatsandsliponbootsforwalks

beneathbranches,howmanymothsarewemissing?Theseclevercreaturesaren'tbadindications,but

—40—partsofnature,withagiftforfancy-dress.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

I'mprettygoodatstickingwiththingsevenwhentheygethard.Badrelationships,unpleasant

workplaces,__41_sports一I'vehungonformonthsandevenyearslongerthanIshouldhave,

convincedthesituationwould__42_ifIrefusedtogiveup.

Afterall,isn'teverysuccessstorylitteredwith_43_?Didn'tBeyonceloseStarSearch,anddidn't

OprahgetfiredfromherfirstTVjob?Quittingisasignthatyoulackpatienceandstrongwill,orsoI

wasraisedtobelieve.

_44_,ifIlookbackonallthethingsIeventuallyquit,myonlyregretisthatIdidn'tdoitsooner.

I'vewastedimmeasurabletimeandenergydraggingmyheels,determinedthatIcould_45_everyone

ifIjustkeptgoing.

Allofusareconstantlymakingtrickychoicesbetweengoingfurtherintofamiliarterritoryand

—46—toexpandourhorizons.Thisisknownastheexploration-exploitationtrade-off.Whenweare

younger,it'sadvantageoustogofaronthesideofexploration,tryinglotsofnewthingsbecausewehave

plentyoftimeto_47_later.Butasweage,it'softensmartertodoubledown.

Ofcourse,thisdoesn'tmeanyoushouldn'tquitsomethingjustbecauseyou'veputalotoftimeinto

it.Economistscallthisthesunkcostfallacy（谬误）：Peoplearemorelikelyto_48—somethingif

they'veinvestedalotofmoneyoreffortintoit,evenwhenit'sclearthattheyshould_49_theirlosses

andjumpship.Thispracticeisnormaland_50_,butit'salsounreasonable.Ifanactivityorrelationship

ismakingyoumiserable,thafsimportantinformationyoushouldn'tignore.

Ifyoudon'tgetenergyoutofdoingsomething,itcanbea（n）—51—thatthisisnotforyouorthat

there9ssomethingbetteryoucouldbedoing.Oritcouldbeasignthatyoushould_52_yourgoals.

Maybeyouryogurtstartupmightnotwinoverinvestors,butyoucouldstillmakeandsellyogurtatthe

farmers5marketonweekends.

Infact,doggedpersistenceinthefaceofenergy-suckingdisappointmentcan_53—depression,

andthenmakeyousufferfromdiseasesinthelongrun.

Butthegoodnewsisthatpeoplecanlearntopaybetterattentiontothesemomentswhenthey9re

happeningandmake_54_.Theartofquittingisn'taboutjustlettinggowheneverthere9sanobstacle.

Ifsaboutbeingabletoletgowhenthere5sno_55__tosuccessanymore.

41.A.engagingB.demandingC.inevitableD.leisure

42.A.worsenB.occurC.improveD.continue

43.A.frustrationsB.determinationsC.attemptsD.inspirations

44.A.ThereforeB.AdditionallyC.ForexampleD.However

45.A.amazeB.scareC.distressD.compliment

46.A.breakingupB.lookingupC.standingupD.backingup

47.A.ventureB.specializeC.exploreD.relax

48.A.benefitfromB.approveofC.stickwithD.withdrawfrom

49.A.evaluateB.avoidC.overlookD.cut

50.A.humanB.crazyC.sensibleD.tricky

51.A.indicationB.desireC.occasionD.recognition

52.A.accomplishB.upgradeC.modifyD.maintain

53.A.preventB.triggerC.relieveD.contract

54.A.researchesB.choicesC.changesD.resolutions

55.A.shortcutB.barrierC.guaranteeD.pathway

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

Iwritethisonaspringmorning,inthevanIhavecalledhomefortwoyearsnow.

Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,

andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDocksto

Birmingham.

ThewoodswhereI'veparkedmyvanhavegrownupbetweenthem.Thisancientvan,avehicle

designedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousing

crisis.

Ibecameatravelwriteraftermystudiesended,committingtobrief"residencies“withmuseums

andartcentres——wheretemporaryaccommodationisoftenprovidedinexchangeforproducingnewwork

aboutacommunity.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,livingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsor

ScandinaviaortheAlps,notsettlingdownforverylong,meantwhereverIlandedwasalways"home”.

Duringthepandemicitwasnecessarytoadoptamorepermanentengagementwithlocality.Oxford

hadoftendrawnmeback.It'sacrossroadsofrealityandtheimagination,theperfectcityforawriter.

Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuring

thesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.I

begantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesuiraimdincs.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwaste­

groundintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.

Imadefriendswiththeself-sufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeon

thelow-carbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.Tvelearntthatcomfortcanbefoundawayfromthe

brightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthe

woodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.

Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthe

benefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.

56.Whydidthewritermakethevanhishome?

A.Becausethefeatureofthevanandthatofhisoccupationarematching.

B.Becausethevanisequivalenttoacrossroadsofrealityandtheimagination.

C.Becausetheviewsofjoggersandtrainsoutsidethevancanrelievehispressure.

D.Becauselivingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsareappealingtohim.

57.Whatdoes“immediatesuiroimdings“inParagraph6referto?

A.ausedvanB.agascookerC.awildgardenD.amobiletoilet

58.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofunconventionalhousing?

A.Joiningjoggerstodoexercise.B.Keepingatinyhomeinordereasily.

C.ImprovingtheeconomyofOxford.D.Embracingdelightfulsurprises.

59.Whafsthewriter'sattitudetowardslivinginthevan?

A.Cautious.B.Ironical.C.Favorable.D.Neutral.

(B)

KeepCoolNextSummerwithThese3Devices

Asweprepareforwhatcouldbeanotherhotsummer,youmayalreadybefeelingtheheat.Luckily

arangeofunusualandcleverdevicesarenowavailabletohelpmakehotsummerdaysmorebearable.

Thebreeze-blowingumbrella

Umbrellasserveadoublefunction,protectingusfromrainandsunlight;theyalsoserveasasortof

personalozonelayer.TheFanbrella,whichlooksandfeelsjustlikeaconventionalumbrella,isperfect

forkeepingtherainatbaybutboastsadelicatefanlocatedunderneaththecover,sothatyoucanenjoy

freshcoolairwhileyouwalkthroughthesummershowers.Thefanissmallandquietenoughtobe

unnoticeableyetpowerfulenoughtoreducehumidity.Operatedbyaswitchonthehandleoftheumbrella,

itcanbeactivatedonlywhenyouneeditmost.

Airconditionedbeds

Humidnightsareahorribleexperienceformostpeople,causingmuchdiscomfortandmakingsleep

impossible.Unfortunately,aconventionalfaninyourbedroomwilldolittletomitigateyoursuffering,

ashumidairissimplyblownaroundtheroom.Anairconditionedbedistheperfectsolution!This

revolutionaryfurnitureboastsquietfansatthefootofthebedthathelptocirculatecoolairfromthe

oppositeend,soyou'reeffectivelysleepingonanairconditionedbed.Withlowrunningcosts,summer

nightswithoutsleepcouldbeathingofthepast.

TheiPhonefan

iPhonesareknownforgettingprettyhottothetouchwhenyou'reusingone,butnowyour

smartphonecouldbetheperfectdevicetohelpkeepthesummerheatatbaywhenyou'reworkingatyour

deskoronthemove.ThesmallplasticfanfitsontothetopofyouriPhoneandplugsintoyourphone9s

chargingsocket（充电插座），soyouneednotworryaboutrunningoutofbatteries.Withaquietmotor,

youcanbeconfidentthatcolleagueswon'tbedisturbedand,ifyouremembertokeepyouriPhone

charged,youcantakethefananywhere,fromasweatytrainridehometoawalkinthelocalparkwith

family.

Witharangeofinventiveaccessoriestohelpmakehotdaysmorebearable,allweneednowisa

summer!

60.Whatmakesabreeze-blowingumbrellasuperiortoaconventionalumbrella?

A.Itcreatesapersonalozonelayertoavoidsunlight.

B.Itboastsunconventionalandluxuriousappearance.

C.Itcanbeactivatedbyvoicewhenyouneeditmost.

D.Ithasafantogiveoffcoolairandreducehumidity.

61.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword"mitigate”?

A.claimB.relieveC.intensifyD.sustain

62.WhatdoweknowabouttheiPhonefan?

A.ItcanpreventyouriPhonefromtemperatureriseinsummerheat.

B.You'dbetteruseitoutdoorstoavoidnoisedespitethequietmotor.

C.Itisportableandcanfunctionwellwithoutlimitationoflocations.

D.Batterieswithhigh-capacityshouldbepreparedtokeepitcharged.

(C)

Intheroughly250yearssincetheIndustrialRevolution,theworld'spopulation,likeitswealth,has

exploded.Beforetheendofthiscentury,however,thenumberofpeopleontheplanetcouldshrinkfor

thefirsttimesincetheBlackDeath.Therootcauseisnotanincreaseindeaths,butadropinbirths.

Acrossmuchoftheworldthefertilityrate,theaveragenumberofbirthsperwoman,iscollapsing.

Althoughthetrendmaybefamiliar,itsextentanditsconsequencesarenot.Evenasartificialintelligence

(AI)leadstooptimisminsomequarters,thebabybust(婴儿荒)hangsoverthefutureoftheworld

economy.

Whateversomeenvironmentalistssay,ashrinkingpopulationcreatesproblems.Theworldisnot

closetofullandtheeconomicdifficultiesresultingfromfeweryoungpeoplearemany.Theobviousone

isthatitisgettinghardertosupporttheworld'spensioners.Retiredfolkdrawontheoutputofthe

working-aged,eitherthroughthestate,whichrequeststaxesonworkerstopaypublicpensions,orby

cashinginsavingstobuygoodsandservicesorbecauserelativesprovidecareunpaid.Butwhereasthe

richworldcurrentlyhasaroundthreepeoplebetween20and64yearsoldforeveryoneover65,by2050

itwillhavelessthantwo.Theimplicationsarehighertaxes,laterretirements,lowerrealreturnsfor

saversand,possibly,governmentbudgetcrises.

Lowproportionofworkerstopensionersareonlyoneproblemresultingfromcollapsingfertility.

Youngerpeoplehavemoreofwhatpsychologistscall“fluidinteHigence”,theabilitytothinkcreatively

soastosolveproblemsinentirelynewways.Thisyouthfulenergyaddstotheaccumulatedknowledge

ofolderworkers.Italsobringschange.Patentsfiledbytheyoungestinventorsaremuchmorelikelyto

coverbreakthroughinnovations.Oldercountriesandtheiryoungpeoplearelessenterprisingandless

comfortabletakingrisks.Becausetheoldbenefitlessthantheyoungwheneconomiesgrow,theyhave

provedlesskeenonpro-growthpolicies,especiallyhousebuilding.Creativedestructionislikelytobe

rarerinageingsocieties,restrictingproductivitygrowthinwaysthatcompoundintoanenormousmissed

opportunity.

Eventually,therefore,theworldwillhavetomakedowithfeweryoungsters-andperhapswitha

shrinkingpopulation.Withthatinmind,recentadvancesinAIcouldnothavecomeatabettertime.A

productiveAIeconomymightfinditeasytosupportagreaternumberofretiredpeople.EventuallyAI

maybeabletogenerateideasbyitself,reducingtheneedforhumanintelligence.Combinedwithrobotics,

AImayalsomakecaringfortheelderlylesslabour-intensive.Suchinnovationswillcertainlybeinhigh

demand.

Iftechnologydoesallowhumanitytoovercomethebabybust,itwillfitthehistoricalpattern.

Unexpectedproductivityadvancesmeantthatdemographictime-bombs(人口定时炸弹)failedto

explode.Fewerbabiesmeanlesshumangenius.Butthatmightbeaproblemhumangeniuscanfix.

63.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Thecollapsingfertilityrateistoblamefortheshrinkingpopulation.

B.BlackDeathmarkedtheshrinkingnumberofpeopleforthefirsttime.

C.IndustrialRevolutionweakenedtheincreaseoftheworld'spopulation.

D.Thepublicarefamiliarwiththeextentandtheinfluenceofthebabybust.

64.Whatmakesithardertosupporttheworld'spensioners?

A.Closerelativeshaverefusedtotakecareoftheoldwithoutbeingpaid.

B.Theoutputoftheworking-agedwhichtheoldcandrawonisshrinking.

C.Theoldhavecashedinsavingstocoverexpensesofgoodsandservices.

D.Thegovernmenthasrequestedtaxesonyoungeremployeestopaypensions.

65.Whydoes"fluidintelligence^^(inParagraph3)sufferinageingsocieties?

A.Becauseolderworkersboastmoreaccumulatedknowledge.

B.Becausetheoldbenefitlessthantheyoungincreativedestruction.

C.Becausecollapsingfertilityresultsinlowproportionofworkerstopensioners.

D.Becauserestrictingproductivitygrowthcompoundsintoamissedopportunity.

66.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably.

A.TheOldPensionersMakeaComebackB.ArtificialIntelligenceLeadstoaBrightFuture

C.TheMeasurestoOvercometheBabyBustD.TheEffectoftheBabyBustonEconomy

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Theydesiregenuinenesswhileconstantlyimmersedinadigitalworld.

B.TikTok'suser-generatedvideoscanleadeventinybrandstospeedyviralfame.

C.Thelifestyleofthe“moonlightclan“hasmademanyyoungpeoplefeeloverwhelmed.

D.Easyaccesstomeansofspreadingpaymentsmayencouragespendingmoneylikewater.

E.AheightenedexpectationofconveniencecomeswithbeingraisedintheageofAmazon.

F.These"always-onpurchasers^^oftenshiftfromaweeklyshoptoquickerfixesofeverythingfrom

fashiontofurniture.

HowYoungAmericansSpendTheirMoney

Youngpeoplehavealwayspuzzledtheirelders.Today'syoungstersarenodifferent;indeed,they

areconfusing.Theyhavethinwalletsandexpensivetastes.Theyprizeconvenienceandasocial

conscience.Theywantshoppingtobepersonal.67Astheystartspendinginearnest,brands

aretryingtounderstandwhatthesewalkingparadoxeswithconflictingfeatureswantandhowtheyshop.

Theanswerswilldefinethenexteraofconsumerism.

Theirabsolutenumbersareimpressive.TheEuropeanUnionishometonearly125mpeople

betweentheagesoften(theyoungestwillbecomeconsumersinthenextfewyears)and34.Americahas

another110moftheseGen-Zsandmillennials,athirdofthepopulation.Theannualspendingof

householdsheadedbyAmericanGen-Zsandmillennialshit$2.7trnin2021,around30%ofthetotal.

68Forrester,amarket-researchfirm,foundthatmostusersof“buynow,paylater99apps

arearound20.MeganScott,a20-year-oldstudentfromLondon,speaksformanyofherpeersby

admittingthat,whenshopping,shehasnoself-control——untilthebillarrives.

Thelight-speedonlineworldalsoappearstohaveloweredtolerancesforlongdeliverytimes.A

studybySalesforce,abusiness-softwaregiant,foundthatGen-ZAmericans,whoprefertousetheir

phonestopayforshopping,arethelikeliestofallagegroupstowanttheirgroceriesdeliveredwithinan

hour.69

TheInternethasalsochangedhowtheyoungdiscoverbrands.Print,billboardorTVadvertising

hasgivenwaytosocialmedia.Instagram,partofMeta9sempire,andTikTok,aChinese-ownedapp,are

wheretheyounglookforinspiration,particularlyforgoodswherelooksmattersuchasfashion,beauty

andsportswear.70Suchappsareincreasinglyaddingfeaturesthatallowuserstoshopwithout

everleavingtheplatform.AccordingtoMcKinsey,sixintenAmericansundertheageof25had

completedapurchaseonasocial-mediasite.

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)of