山东省滨州市高三下学期5月二模英语试题

高三英语试题注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThisInternationalWomen'sDay,we'recelebratingfourwomenwhochangedthefaceofscienceforever.AnandibaiJoshee,bornin1865inIndia,becameIndia'sfirstwomanphysicianwithamedicaldegree.AftergraduationfromaWoman'sMedicalCollege,sheacceptedanofferfromthegovernorministerofKolhapurinIndiatoserveas“LadyDoctorofKolhapur”.Shediedat21fromtuberculosis.Despitehershortlife,Joshee'sacplishmentswereunprecedentedforanIndianwoman,andherachievementsopenthedoorforotherIndianwomentoquicklyfollow.MamieClark,anAmericansocialpsychologist,specializedinchilddevelopmentinblackchildren.In1946,ClarkandKennethfoundedtheonlymentalhealthorganizationforblackchildreninNewYork.ClarkwasawardedtheAmericanAssociationofUniversityachievementawardin1973,andtenyearslatertheNationalCoalitionof100BlackWomenawardedhertheCandaceAwardforhumanitarianism.GeochemistKatsukoSaruhashiwasborninTokyoin1920.SaruhashibecamethefirstwomanelectedtotheScienceCouncilofJapan,thefirstwomantowintheMiyakePrizeforGeochemistry,andthefirstwomanrecipientofanawardfromtheSocietyofSeaWaterScienceinJapan.In1981,shefoundedtheSaruhashiPrize,aprizeawardedannuallytoafemalerolemodelinscience.BorninLosAngeles,California,OchoawasthefirstLatinawomantoflyinspaceaspartofthecrewoftheshuttleDiscoveryin1993.In1990,OchoawasselectedtoastronautcandidacyaspartofagroupoftwentythreeNASAastronauts,andbecameanastronautayearlater.HerfirstspaceflightwasaboardDiscoveryasamissionspecialistandlastedninedays,inwhichthecrewconductedscientificexperimentsanddeployedaresearchsatellitetostudythesolarcorona.1.Whowasappointedbythegovernmenttoworkasanexpert?A.AnandibaiJoshee.B.MamieClark.C.KatsukoSaruhashi.D.Ochoa.2.WhatdidMamieClarkandKatsukoSaruhashihaveinmon?A.Theysetanaward.B.TheywereAmericans.C.Theywereawardedtwice.D.Theymajoredinwaterscience.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Amagazine. C.Aguidebook. D.Areport.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学界四位伟大女性的个人经历。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“AftergraduationfromaWoman'sMedicalCollege,sheacceptedanofferfromthegovernorministerofKolhapurinIndiatoserveas‘LadyDoctorofKolhapur’.(从一所女子医学院毕业后，她接受了印度戈尔哈布尔市市长的邀请，担任“戈尔哈布尔女医生”)”可知，被政府聘请担任专家的是AnandibaiJoshee。故填A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“ClarkwasawardedtheAmericanAssociationofUniversityachievementawardin1973,andtenyearslatertheNationalCoalitionof100BlackWomenawardedhertheCandaceAwardforhumanitarianism.(1973年，Clark被授予美国大学协会成就奖，10年后全国100名黑人妇女联盟授予她人道主义坎迪斯奖)”可知，MamieClark获过两次奖。根据第四段第二句“SaruhashibecamethefirstwomanelectedtotheScienceCouncilofJapan,thefirstwomantowintheMiyakePrizeforGeochemistry,andthefirstwomanrecipientofanawardfromtheSocietyofSeaWaterScienceinJapan.(Saruhashi成为第一位当选为日本科学委员会的女性成员，首位获得三宫城地球化学奖的女性，以及首位获得日本海水科学学会奖项的女性)”可知，KatsukoSaruhashi也获过两次奖。因此MamieClark和KatsukoSaruhashi的共同点是都获过两次奖。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThisInternationalWomen'sDay,we'recelebratingfourwomenwhochangedthefaceofscienceforever.(今年的国际妇女节，我们要庆祝四位永久改变了科学面貌的女性)”可知，文章的主题是契合今年的妇女节，因此有一定的及时性，但是并没有讲述实效性很强的新闻。同时，文中没有指导类的信息以及广告信息，所以文章最可能来源于杂志。故选B项。BAmericanMarkLevinewearsmanyhatsinChinaeducator,author,volunteer,musician,sociologist,crossculturalmunicator,winneroftheChinesegovernment'sFriendshipAward,andmostnoticeably,widebrimmed.Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.Heoftensingsandplayshisguitartotheacpanimentoftheerhuplayedbyhisfriend,FuHan,intheirmusicalduo,InSideOut.Levinehasstagedhundredsofperformancesin15provinces,andonehadanaudienceover50,000,hesays.FuHanrecallsheonceperformedinawellknownbarinBeijing'sHouhaiarea,andshejoinedhimonstagewithhererhu.“AgroupoftouristsfromnorthernEuropecameupandwatchedandfilmedus,andstartedsingingwithus.IrealizedaChineseinstrumentandfacecanhelpbettertellChina'sstoriestoforeigners.So,theyofficiallybecamebandmates.I'mthe'in'andhe'sthe'out'inInSideOut,”sheexplains.Levineplanstoreleaseasongbookwhenhereaches100songs.Hehassofarwrittenover70tunesthathecalls"musicalstoriesfrommyChinesejourney,,sincehesettledinBeijingin2007totakeanoccupationatMinzuUniversityofChina,wherehestillworks,largelyonaccountofitsethnicdiversity.LevinesaystwohighlightsduringhistimeinthecountryhavebeenwinningtheFriendshipAwardin2014andreceivinghisChinese“greencard”in2016.Levinehopesitincreasescrossculturalunderstanding.OneofhisfriendssaysLevineisparticularlyaptforthetask.“Markisaperfectambassadorforhumanity,sotospeak,whohasfoundhisidealplacehere,”hesays.4.WhatcanwelearnfromLevine'smusicalachievement?A.Hehasreleasedabookabouthissongs.B.HehasperformedhissongsalloverChina.C.Hisbiggestconcertattractednearly50,000audiences.D.HebinedAmericanmusicstylewithChinesestories.5.WhydidhedeterminetoworkatMinzuUniversityofChina?A.HedesiredtosettleinBeijing. B.HecouldwintheFriendshipAward.C.Hecouldbeexposedtodiversecultures. D.Hecouldfindmoremusicalstoriesthere.6.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“apt”inthelastparagraph?A.Intelligent. B.Suitable. C.Reliable. D.Enthusiastic.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLevine?A.Devotedandoutspoken. B.Attentiveandgenerous.C.Intelligentandsensitive. D.Activeandproductive.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国人MarkLevine在中国身兼多职，73岁还在进行表演，将美国音乐风格与中国故事相结合。文章还介绍了他所取得的一些成就和个人经历。4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.(在中国公众中，这位留着浓密胡子的73岁老人最出名的可能是他写的关于中国的美国乡村音乐风格歌曲，他穿着全套牛仔服表演)”可知，我们能从Levine的音乐成就中了解到，Levine将美国音乐风格与中国故事相结合。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hehassofarwrittenover70tunesthathecalls"musicalstoriesfrommyChinesejourney,,sincehesettledinBeijingin2007totakeanoccupationatMinzuUniversityofChina,wherehestillworks,largelyonaccountofitsethnicdiversity.(到目前为止，他已经写了70多首曲子，他称之为“来自中国之旅的音乐故事”，自从2007年他定居北京，在中国民族大学任职以来，他仍然在那里工作，很大程度上是因为那里的种族多样性)”可知，他决定去中央民族大学工作因为他可以接触到不同的文化。故选C。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“LevinesaystwohighlightsduringhistimeinthecountryhavebeenwinningtheFriendshipAwardin2014andreceivinghisChinese“greencard”in2016.Levinehopesitincreasescrossculturalunderstanding.(Levine表示，他在中国的两个亮点是在2014年赢得了友谊奖，并在2016年获得了中国“绿卡”。Levine希望它能增进跨文化的理解)”以及后文“Markisaperfectambassadorforhumanity,sotospeak,whohasfoundhisidealplacehere”可知，Levine的一个朋友说Mark是人类的完美大使，他在这里找到了理想的位置，所以他是说Levine特别适合增进跨文化的理解这项任务。故画线词意思是“合适的”。A.Intelligent.聪明的；B.Suitable.合适的；C.Reliable.可靠的；D.Enthusiastic.热情的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.(在中国公众中，这位留着浓密胡子的73岁老人最出名的可能是他写的关于中国的美国乡村音乐风格歌曲，他穿着全套牛仔服表演)”以及倒数第二段中“Levineplanstoreleaseasongbookwhenhereaches100songs.Hehassofarwrittenover70tunes(Levine计划在歌曲数量达到100首后发行一本歌本。到目前为止，他已经写了70多首曲子)”可推知，Levine73岁还在进行表演，且创作了70多首曲子，可见他是个活跃且多产的人。故选D。CNumerousstudies,includinga2019reviewinthejournalAnnualResearch&ReviewinBiology,havefoundthatbothperformingandlisteningtomusiccanhaveasignificantimpactontheimmunesystem.“Certainlymusichasanimpactonthebrain,andanxietyandstressimpacttheimmunesystem,”saidAndrewLevin,aneurologistattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Dr.Levin,anamateurtrumpetplayerwhoperformswithseverallocalensembles,saidhe'snotanexpertinthewaysmusicinteractswiththebrain.Butitworksforhim."Musicisapartofmystressreleaseparadigm,“hesaid."Weknowthatmusiccanaffectbrainstates,soIdon'tbelieveitismuchofastretchtosaythatmusiccanindirectlyaffectourphysiology,andthereisresearchthatsupportsthisnotion.”Accordingtoa2013reviewinthejournalBrainBehaviorandImmunity,theemotionalandpsychologicaleffectsoflisteningtomusichavedirectimpactsonbiomarkersandhormonelevels.Thereisalsogeneralconsensusamongresearchersthatlisteningtomusicreducescortisol(皮质醇)levels.Doesthetypeofmusicmatter?Itdoes.Priorassociationsandrelationshipswithdifferenttypesofmusicaffecthowyourbodyresponds.Ingeneral,researchindicatesthat“relaxingmusic”(i.e.slowerpace,peacefulmusic)isbetterforcalmingtensenerves，decreasingbloodpressureandbreathandsettlingtheheartrate.Singingadifferenttune?Potvin,aprofessorofmusictherapyatDuquesneUniversity,isskepticalofsomeoftheresearchlinkingmusicwiththeimmunesystem,questioningwhetherit'shealthytousemusicoranyothertooltoresistanxiety."Theresearchissuperficial,thoughIdon'tmeanthatinanegativeway,“hesaid."Ithinktheinformationwehaveisvaluable,butweneedtogodeeper.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A.Music. B.Brain. C.Immunesystem. D.Theresearch.9.Whatdoweknowaboutrelaxingmusicaccordingtothetext?A.Ithasfastrhythm.B.Itcontributestoastableheartrate.CItdoesnogoodtocalmtensenerves.D.Itcanincreasebloodpressureandbreath.10.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Potvinhassomeprejudiceabouttheresearch.B.Potvinthinksfurtherstudyaboutitisnecessary.C.Potvinquestionswhethermusiceffectivelyresistsanxiety.D.Potvinisconvincedoftheimpactofmusicontheimmunesystem.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.What'sthefunctionofmusic?B.Doesmusicbenefityourbrain?C.Howtopromoteyourimmunesystem?D.Canmusicboostyourimmunesystem?【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了演奏和听音乐对我们的免疫系统产生重要影响。音乐通过影响大脑，减小压力和焦虑，且对人体的各项生物指标、荷尔蒙以及皮质醇的水平都有搜有影响。令人放松的轻音乐效果更好。同时，一些专家也指出，针对音乐对免疫系统的影响的研究还太浅显，需要进一步的深入研究。【8题详解】词句猜测题。本段开头匹兹堡大学的神经学家Levin教授同时也是意为业余小号演奏家说“Certainlymusichasanimpactonthebrain,andanxietyandstressimpacttheimmunesystem”（音乐当然对大脑有影响，焦虑和压力会影响免疫系统）可知本段在介绍音乐和免疫系统之间的关系。随后，又提出“he'snotanexpertinthewaysmusicinteractswiththebrain.”（他不是大脑与音乐互动方式的专家）“Butitworksforhim.”（但是音乐对他有用）又根据后文“Musicisapartofmystressreleaseparadigm”（音乐是我减压模式的一部分）可知，it指代music。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中“‘relaxingmusic’(i.e.slowerpace,peacefulmusic)isbetterforcalmingtensenerves，decreasingbloodpressureandbreathandsettlingtheheartrate.”（“令人放松的音乐”（即：慢节奏，安静的音乐）对舒缓紧张的神经，降低血压和呼吸，稳定心率有较好的效果。）可知，“令人放松的音乐”有助于稳定心率。“contributeto”(有助于)。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后Potvin教授所说"Theresearchissuperficial,thoughIdon'tmeanthatinanegativeway,“hesaid."Ithinktheinformationwehaveisvaluable,butweneedtogodeeper.”（这项研究是肤浅的，尽管我表示的不是消极的意思。我认为我们所掌握的信息是有价值的，但是我们需要深入研究）。可知，Potvin教授认为我们更进一步的研究是必要的。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“…havefoundthatbothperformingandlisteningtomusiccanhaveasignificantimpactontheimmunesystem.”(···发现演奏和听音乐对我们的免疫系统产生重要影响。)可知，本文介绍的是音乐和免疫系统的关系。根据关键词“music”（音乐）和“immunesystem”（免疫系统）可以得到答案。故选D项DFor30years,Alaska'snorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.Buttheoceanmammalsareappearingingrowingnumbersinoneunlikelyplaceasmallislandthatformsthetipofanactiveunderseavolcano.BogoslofIslandisdistantandunpopulated.ItsitsintheeasternBeringSea.Openingsonthegroundtherereleasemud,steamandsulfurousgases,butnorthernfursealsfindtheislandtobeagoodplaceforgivingbirthandraisingtheiryoung.Itisunclearwhythesealshavechosentoliveonanactivevolcanicislandinsteadofotherunpopulatedislandsinthearea."Thesurfaceiscoveredwiththesebigblocks,someasbigas10metersinlength,whichwereexplodedoutofthevent,”saidChrisWaythomas,aU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchscientist.Northernfursealsgettheirnamefromtheirextremelythickfur;theyhaveabout60,000hairspersquarecentimeter.WhenRussianEmperorAlexanderIIneededmoneyanddecidedtosellAlaskatotheUnitedStatesin1867,furwasoneofthefuturestate'sknownvaluables.Mostoftheworld'snorthernfursealsliveintheeasternBeringSeaarea.TheyliveintheoceanfromNovembertoJuneandreturntolandinsummer,whentheybreedandnursepups.Between1950and1988,thenorthernfursealpopulationdroppedfrom2.1millionto1.1million.Scientistsdonotknowwhytheyhavenotmadeaeback.NorthernfursealswerefirstseenonBogoslofin1980.NOAAresearchershavesincecarriedoutperiodicstudiesofthepopulation.VolcanicactivityonBogoslofhasremainedmostlystable.ButGelatt'screwchosenottocampthereduringtheirweeklongvisitinAugust.Theyfearedanexplosioncouldshootuphugerocks.Instead,theymadedaytripsfromasecuredboat.Thecrewcountedthenumberofsealsandexaminedwhetherimagestakenfromabovebyanunpilotedaircraftcouldbeusedinfuturecounts.12.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thescientistsareworriedabouttheextinctionofseals.B.Theenvironmentprotectioniscrucialtowildanimals.C.ThenorthernfursealsareontheriseonBogoslofIsland.D.Thenorthernfursealslikedistantandunpopulatedplaces.13.WhatdoChrisWaythomas’wordsmean?A.TheconditionsonBogoslofIslandaretoughandterrible.B.AnactiveunderseavolcanomakesBogoslofIslandlivable.C.BogoslofIslandissuitableforthenorthernfursealstoliveonD.It'sreasonableforthenorthernfursealstoliveonasmallisland.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheparagraph3&4?A.Thenorthernfursealsbreedandnursepupsinwinter.B.Thenorthernfurseals'thickfurisofnovaluenowadays.C.Therewereabout1.1millionnorthernfursealsontheisland.D.It'snotclearwhynorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.15.Howdidresearchersguaranteetheirsafetyduringthestudy?A.Byobservinginthedistance.B.Bydoingtheresearchinsideanaircraft.C.Bytakingaboatwithprotectiveequipmenteveryday.D.Byusingphotosshotbyanunmannedvehicletocountseals.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们在有火山活动的Bogoslof岛上发现很多北海狗。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“For30years,Alaska'snorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.Buttheoceanmammalsareappearingingrowingnumbersinoneunlikelyplaceasmallislandthatformsthetipofanactiveunderseavolcano.(30年来，阿拉斯加的北海狗数量一直没有增加。但是这种海洋哺乳动物在一个不太可能的地方出现了，这个地方是一个小岛，形成了活跃的海底火山的顶端)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要关于很多北海狗在有火山活动的Bogoslof岛上被发现。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“"Thesurfaceiscoveredwiththesebigblocks,someasbigas10metersinlength,whichwereexplodedoutofthevent,”saidChrisWaythomas,aU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchscientist.(美国地质调查局研究科学家ChrisWaythomas说：“火山表面覆盖着这些大块，有些长达10米，是从火山口爆发出来的。”)”中ChrisWaythomas关于Bogoslof岛环境的描述可知，Bogoslof岛上的环境非常恶劣，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题题。通读第三、四段以及第四段中的“Between1950and1988,thenorthernfursealpopulationdroppedfrom2.1millionto1.1million.Scientistsdonotknowwhytheyhavenotmadeaeback.(从1950年到1988年，北海狗的数量从210万降到110万。科学家不知道为什么它们没有卷土重来)”可推知，人们不清楚为什么北海狗的数量没有增加。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theyfearedanexplosioncouldshootuphugerocks.Instead,theymadedaytripsfromasecuredboat.Thecrewcountedthenumberofsealsandexaminedwhetherimagestakenfromabovebyanunpilotedaircraftcouldbeusedinfuturecounts.(他们担心爆炸会把巨石炸飞。取而代之的是，他们每天乘坐安全的船进行观测。机组人员清点了海豹的数量，并检查了无人驾驶飞机从上空拍摄的图像是否可以用于未来的计数)”可知，为了保证安全，研究员们每天都乘坐有安全保障设施的船只去探测北海狗的情况。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alllefthandedhumanshavenothaditeasyintheworld.Inmanyculturesandinthedarkages,lefthandedpeoplehavegenerallybeenseenasthedevil.Theword“left”inEnglishesfromtheAngloSaxonword“lyft”，whichmeansweakorbroken.TheOxfordEnglishDictionarydefines“lefthanded”asmeaningdefective,awkwardorclumsy.___16___A“lefthandedpliment”anda“lefthandedmarriage”canbesetasexamples.Theformerdoesnotmeansincerepraisebutindicatesaninsult.Thelatter,asyoumaynotice,referstoanillegalorinformalmarriage,which,inparticular,involvesonesideofroyalornoblebirthandtheotheroflowerrank.Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.___17___InNigeria,forinstance,takingorgivinganythingtoanyonewithyourlefthandisassumedthatyoulackhometraining.___18___ManypeoplearoundyouinChina,ifasked,wouldtellyoutheywereforcedbytheirparentsorteachers,towritewiththeirrighthand.Strangelyenough,noneofthoseelderscansaywhatanactualproblemthereiswithlefthandedness.Ifithastodowiththefearofthatchildnotbeingprosperous,therearealotoflefthandedpersonalitiesdoingwellandbreakinggrounds.Thepossibleexplanationheremaybeliesintheirlongheldprejudice.___19___Twothirdsoftheworldstillviewlefthandednessasashortingbutitisn't.___20___ThatiswhatC.R.Manskepointsout,“Lifewithoutlefthandedpeoplewouldn'tberight.”A.Andthatisnottheonlycase.B.Thefollowingtwoexamplescanbestreflectthispoint.C.Atinygestureormovementwiththelefthandcanmeanalot.D.Namely,peopletendtobelieveinmonideasinsteadofthereality.E.Thewayforwardforthelefthandersisforthemtobeacceptedastheyare.F.CertainphrasesinEnglishsuggestarathernegativeviewof“lefthandedness”.G.Inotherwords,differentdeeprootedbeliefsoriginatefromdifferentcultures.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.D20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者认为人们普遍对“左撇子”带有偏见，应该消除偏见，平等对待一切人。【16题详解】前句“TheOxfordEnglishDictionarydefines"lefthanded"asmeaningdefective,awkwardorclumsy.”(牛津英语词典将“左撇子”定义为有缺陷、笨拙的人。)，说明字典定义对“左撇子”带有偏见，选项F“英语中的某些短语暗示了对‘左撇子’的一种相当消极的看法。”承接上文，进一步阐述除了字典定义外，连日常短语中也对“左撇子”带有偏见，并且引出后句“A“lefthandedpliment”anda“lefthandedmarriage”canbesetasexamples.”（“左撇子的恭维”和“左撇子的婚姻”可做例子。），其中lefthandedpliment和lefthandedmarriage就是两个英语短语（phrase）。前后语义一致，逻辑合理。故选F项。【17题详解】前句“Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.”（在某些特定文化中，事情不止如此。）总起该段，说明除了上文中提到的字典中对“左撇子”偏见，还有更多。C项“用左手的一个小手势或举动意味着许多。”，进一步说明“左撇子”暗含深意多，引出后句“InNigeria,forinstance,takingorgivinganythingtoanyonewithyourlefthandisassumedthatyoulackhometraining.”（举例来说，在尼日利亚，用左手拿或给东西被视作缺乏家教。）举例说明人们对“左撇子”的偏见。选项C承上启下，符合题意。故选C项。【18题详解】上一段“Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.”（在某些文化中，事情远不止这些。）中讲对“左撇子”的偏见时讲到尼日利亚的例子，选项A“那不是唯一的情况。”，是对“左撇子”偏见的进一步举例说明，承接上文，并且引起下文“ManypeoplearoundyouinChina,ifasked,wouldtellyoutheywereforcedbytheirparentsorteachers,towritewiththeirrighthand.”（在中国，你周围的许多人，如果被问到，会告诉你他们是被父母或老师强迫用右手写字的。）运用中国例子进一步讲“左撇子”偏见。选项A承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。【19题详解】前句“Thepossibleexplanationheremaybeliesintheirlongheldprejudice.”（这里可能的解释可能在于他们长期以来的偏见。）说明人们对待“左撇子”的态度的可能原因，即longheldprejudice（长期的偏见），选项D“也就是说，人们倾向于相信共同的想法而不是现实。”中的tendtobelieveinmonideas，是对“长期偏见”的解释说明。前后语义一致，逻辑合理。故选D项。【20题详解】前句“Twothirdsoftheworldstillviewlefthandednessasashortingbutitisn't.”（世界上三分之二的人仍然认为左撇子是缺点，但是它不应该这样。），说明作者认为把“左撇子”看成是缺点是不对的，选项E“对于左撇子来说，前进的道路就是让他们接受他们现在的样子。”进一步说明作者对于“左撇子”正确的态度，并且引出下文“ThatiswhatC.R.Manskepointsout,“Lifewithoutlefthandedpeoplewouldn'tberight.””（正如C.R.Manske指出的那样，“没有左撇子的生活不会是正确的。”）。前后衔接顺畅，语义一致。故选E项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Foryears,ourchildrenoftenaskedusifwecouldgetadog.Whenfacedwithit,myhusbandandIhadsome___21___responses,suchas“Someday?"and“Maybewhenyou'reoldenough."Then___22___2020,theyearofourpandemicdread.Sometimebetweenmymother'slivestreamed___23___thisspringandbacktoschoolthatneverseemedtohappenthisfall,“maybe"___24___"yes"and“someday“became“assoonaspossible”.Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...Hence,___25___apuppybecameanattractionforallofus.PUPPYDAY!!!wassoonwrittendownand___26___onthecalendar.Ournewpuppyfinallycame___27___inmidNovemberandhasbroughtalotofjoytous.Thekidspickedaname“Peggy“andrefusedtoconsiderothers.ItellPeggyseveraltimesadaywhata___28___angelsheis,usinga___29___Iwouldn'thavedreamedofusingevenwithmychildren.I'vefilledmyTwitterandInstagramfeedswith____30____ofher.Everynight,Ispendacoupleofquiet,peacefulhoursenjoyingcuddletimewithheronthecouchshewasn'tsupposedtobe____31____on.WhenItellpeoplethatPeggyhas____32____methisyearit'strue.Peggyhasgivenourweary,____33____familyanewsharedfocus,anemotionalcenterthatisn'tallaboutour____34____.She'sgivenusallanew____35____toputourloveinandbroughtusbacktoourselves.21.A.vague B.random C.explicit D.impractical22.A.made B.reached C.went D.came23.A.gathering B.shopping C.celebration D.funeral24.A.exchangedinto B.tookover C.gavewayto D.putthrough25A.saving B.spotting C.getting D.distinguishing26.A.appeared B.marked C.read D.seen27.A.up B.about C.along D.back28.A.perfect B.fortunate C.dynamic D.mon29.A.look B.language C.mood D.tone30.A.words B.pictures C.food D.supplies31.A.allowed B.sat C.anticipated D.involved32.A.surprised B.saved C.defended D.struck33.A.happy B.merciful C.heartbroken D.horrible34.A.loss B.news C.family D.feelings35.A.dog B.place C.chance D.idea【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在大流行病期间失去了亲人，而后通过养小狗的方式拯救了家人和自己。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面对这个问题，我和丈夫的回答有些含糊，比如“将来某一天？”或者“也许等你足够大了吧。”A.vague模糊的；B.random随机的；C.explicit明确的；D.impractical不切实际的。根据下文作者和丈夫的回答“Someday?”“Maybewhenyou'reoldenough.”可知，此处应是指模糊的，不确定的。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后就到了2020年，我们的大流行恐惧之年。A.made制作；B.reached达到；C.went去；D.came来到。根据“Then”以及“2020”可知，此处应是指“拖延到了2020年，然后就到了2020年”的意思。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从今年春天我母亲的葬礼到今年秋天似乎永远不会开学的返校之路，“可能”让位给了“是的”，而“有一天”变成了“尽快”。A.gathering聚会；B.shopping购物；C.celebration庆祝；D.funeral葬礼。根据下段“Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...（在大流行期间我们失去了太多——我的母亲，我的祖母……）”可知，此处应是指作者母亲的葬礼。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：从今年春天我母亲的葬礼到今年秋天似乎永远不会开学的返校之路，“可能”让位给了“是的”，而“有一天”变成了“尽快”。A.exchangedinto把……兑换成；B.tookover接管；C.gavewayto给……让路；D.putthrough接通，完成。根据“someday”became“assoonaspossible”可知，作者的态度发生了转变，由以前的含糊回答，到现在变得果断、肯定。由此可知此处应是指“可能”给“是的”让路的意思。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，养一只小狗对我们所有人都很有吸引力。A.saving拯救；B.spotting发现；C.getting得到；D.distinguishing区别。由上文“Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...”以及“Hence”可知，此处应是指在流行病期间作者失去了很多，所以她和家人想养只狗，珍惜当下，尽快做一些没有做的事，而不是像以前一样一拖再拖。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：PUPPYDAY!!!很快就被写下来，并记在日历上。A.appeared出现；B.marked标记；C.read阅读；D.seen看见。根据上文“PUPPYDAY!!!wassoonwrittendownand”可知，此处应是指PUPPYDAY!!!被写下来，并且在日历上进行标记。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的新小狗终于在11月中旬出现了，给我们带来了很多欢乐。A.up向上；B.about大约；C.along来到，一起；D.back向后。根据“Ournewpuppy”以及上文说到作者一家想养小狗可知，此处应是指新的小狗终于在11月中旬出现了。ealong意为出现，到来。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天好几次对佩吉说，它是一个多么完美的天使，用的语气即使是对我的孩子们，我也从未想过会这么说。A.perfect完美的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.dynamic动态的；D.mon普通的。根据下文“angel”以及“usinga___9___Iwouldn'thavedreamedofusingevenwithmychildren”可知，作者非常地爱这只小狗，此处应是指“完美的”。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天好几次对佩吉说，它是一个多么完美的天使，用的语气即使是对我的孩子们，我也从未想过会这么说。A.look样子；B.language语言；C.mood心情；D.tone语调。根据上文“ItellPeggyseveraltimesaday（我一天告诉佩吉好几次）”可知，此处应是指“语调”。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的推特和Instagram上都是它的照片。A.words话语，字；B.pictures照片；C.food食物；D.supplies供应品。根据上文“TwitterandInstagram”，结合此处的“her”指那只小狗，可知设空处应是指照片，推特和Instagram上都是小狗的照片。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，我都会花上几个小时安静地和它依偎在沙发上，这本是它不被允许（这么做）的。A.allowed允许；B.sat坐；C.anticipated预料；D.involved涉及。根据上文“cuddletimewithheronthecouch（和它在沙发上依偎）”，结合常识可知，此处应是指小狗本应是不被允许和作者躺在沙发上依偎的。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉别人佩吉今年救了我的时候——这是真的。A.surprised使惊讶；B.saved拯救；C.defended辩护；D.struck打击。根据下文“Peggyhasgivenourweary,___13___familyanewsharedfocus,anemotionalcenterthatisn'tallaboutour___14___.（佩吉给我们疲惫、心碎的家庭提供了一个新的共同关注焦点，一个不全是关于失去亲人的情感中心）”可知，此处应是指佩吉拯救了作者。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：佩吉给我们疲惫、心碎的家庭提供了一个新的共同关注焦点，一个不全是关于失去亲人的情感中心。A.happy开心的；B.merciful仁慈的；C.heartbroken心碎的；D.horrible可怕的。根据上文“weary（疲惫的）”以及前文作者失去了亲人可知，此处应是指“心碎的家庭”。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：佩吉给我们疲惫、心碎的家庭提供了一个新的共同关注焦点，一个不全是关于失去亲人的情感中心。A.loss损失；B.news新闻；C.family家庭；D.feelings感觉。根据上文“ourweary,___13___family”可知，此处应是指作者和家人们的损失，失去。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我们一个新的地方来安放我们的爱让我们找回自我。A.dog狗；B.place地方；C.chance机会；D.idea想法。根据下文“toputourloveinandbroughtusbacktoourselves（把我们的爱放进去，让我们找回自我）”可知，此处应是指可以安放我们的爱让我们找回自我的地方。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SanxingduiisbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShustate,whichhistoriansknow___36___(relative)littleaboutduetofewlittlewrittenrecords.Morethan50,000ancientartifacts___37___(find)atSanxingduisincethe1920s,___38___alocalfarmeraccidentallycameuponanumberofrelicsatthesite.Amajorbreakthrough___39___(occur)in1986,withthediscoveryoftwoceremonialpits___40___(contain)over1,000items,elaborateandwellpreservedbronzemasksincluded.Manyoftheitemsarenow___41___displayatanonsitemuseum.Thesitehasrevolutionizedexperts'understandingofhowcivilizationdevelopedinancientChina.Inparticular,evidenceofauniqueShuculturesuggestedthatthekingdomdevelopedindependentlyofneighboringsocietiesintheYellowRiverValley,whichwasconsideredtobe___42___cradle(摇篮)ofChinesecivilization.Thediscoveryofsilkfibersandtheremainsoftextilesmayalsoexpand___43___(we)understandingoftheShu.Headoftheexcavationteam,TangFei,saidinapressconferencethatthediscoveryindicatesthatthekingdom“wasoneoftheimportant___44___(origin)ofsilkinancientChina”.Thoughnotyet___45___(recognize)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,Sanxingduiisontheorganization's"tentativelist"forpossiblefutureinclusion.【答案】36.relatively37.havebeenfound38.when39.occurred40.containing41.on42.