阅读理解之说明文10篇(名校模拟)-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(广州专用)

2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(广州专用)第五期专题03阅读理解之说明文10篇(名校模拟)（2024·广东广州·一模）WilliamButlerYeats,wasanIrishpoetanddramatistandoneoftheforemostfiguresof20th-centuryliterature.HewasborninDublinonJune13,1865,Hischildhoodlackedtheharmony(和睦)thatwastypicalofahappyfamily.Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered“littleofchildhoodbutitspain”.Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydramaandpoetry.Yeatshadstrongfaithincomingofnewartisticmovements.HesethimselfthefreshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.Hisearlytheatricalexperimentshoweverwerenotreceivedfavorablyatthebeginning.Hedidn’tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.YeatsisconsideredoneofthefewwriterswhosegreatestworkswerecompletedafterbeingawardedtheNobelPrize,whichhewonin1923.Hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife,producinghisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,asthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweentheseages.SuchworksincludeTheTower(1928)andTheWindingStairandOtherPoems(1929).Aftersufferingfromavarietyofillnessesforseveralyears,YeatsdiedinMenton,1939.ThelastpoemhewrotewastheTheBlackTower.AfterYeats’sdeath,W.H.Audenwrote,amongothers,thefallingliners:Earth,receiveanhonouredguest:WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.LettheIrishvessel(船)lieEmptiedofitspoetry.1．WhatcanyoulearnaboutYeats’sfamilyaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Itwasahappyfamily.B．ItwasshockedbyYeats’schoice.C．Itwasatypicallywealthyfamily.D．Ithadanartisticatmosphere.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inherited”(inparagraph1)probablymean?A．failedto B．succeededto C．gaveup D．worriedabout3．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninYeats’slife?a.HewonaNobelPrizeofLiterature.b.HefoundedanIrishnationaltheatre.c.HewasdeadinMenton.d.TheWindingStairwaspublished.e.HewroteTheBlackTower.A．b→a→e→d→c B．b→a→d→e→cC．a→b→d→c→e D．a→b→c→d→e4．WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedinW.H.Auden’slines?A．Happiness. B．Sympathy. C．Emptiness. D．Admiration.（2024·广东广州·一模）Whenyouthinkofanewplaceforgrowingfood,youmightthinkofMars.ButoneItalianfamilybelievesonepossibleplaceisrighthereontheEarth:theocean.Nemo’sGardenistheworld’sfirstunderwatersystemoflandplants.LocatedoffthecoastofNoli,Italy,itismadeupofseveralgreenhouses.Eachofthemisconnectedtotheseafloor.“Theaimofitistochangefarming,andaddapossibilityforgrowingplantsintheocean.WhatwehaveonEarthwillbeuseduponeday,andsuchgardenscanofferusaddedspace.”saysLuca,thesonofthefamily.Luca’sfather,whoenjoysdivingandgardening,cameupwiththeidea.In2012,thefamilybeganwithplantingbasilunderwater.NowNemo’sGardenisgrowingstrong.AccordingtoLuca,underwaterplantinghassomeadvantagesovertraditionalfarming.Intheirgarden,growingsixtotenmetersunderwater,theplantsareseparatedfromanyoutsideviruses.Thetemperatureoftheoceanwaterisalsoperfectforplants.Besides,withhightechnology,Nemo’sGardenuseswater-basednutrients(养分)insteadofsoil.What’smore,thereislittleinfluenceontheunderwaterenvironment,sonoharmiscausedtoseacreatures.Moreworkisdonetomakesureunderwaterplantingworkswell.Everythingiswatchedandcheckedonlandthroughcamerasandsensors.Andifthereissomethingwrong,thefamilywillchangethesettingsinthegreenhouses.Whenit’stimetocollectthevegetables,adiverwillcutthem,placetheminbagsandsendthemtothesurface.“Manylocalpeopleweredoubtfulaboutouridea.Somepeoplearerealizingthatitworks,andithelpsputNolionthetouristmap.”Lucasays,“Weneedsomeonewhothinksaboutcrazythings.Itmightbesomething,oritmightnot.Butwehavethecouragetotry.Wehavebiggerplansalthoughitwilltakeyearstoworkonthem.”5．WhatcanwelearnaboutNemo’sGarden?A．ItcangrownewplantsforpeopleonEarth.B．Itcanprovidemorefarmingspaceforpeople.C．Itisahugegreenhousetiedtotheseafloor.D．TheideaofNemo’sGardencamefromLuca.6．Comparedtotraditionalfarming,howmanyadvantagesdoesNemo’sgardenhave?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.7．WhatdoesLucathinkofbuildingthegarden?A．Itiscrazytodoubtaboutthegarden.B．Itisbraveofthemtobuildthegarden.C．Itwilltakeyearsforthegardentobepopular.D．Morevisitorsshouldbeinvitedtothegarden.8．What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A．Toencouragepeopletotrynewideas.B．Toshowatechnologyofoceanexploration.C．Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.D．Tointroduceanewtypeofunderwaterfarming.（2024·广东广州·一模）Mary,68,afamousItalianengineer,hasbeenamemberofEatingLightClubinGuangzhouforayear.“Iusedtobetooheavyandhavesleepingproblems,andasaresultIhadtovisitthedoctorfromtimetotime.ButamazinglymysituationhasbeengreatlyimprovedsinceIjoinedtheEatingLightClub.Intheclub,lightfoodsarerecommendedbecausetheyarefoodsthatyourbodyfindseasytotakeinandgetnutritionfrom.Ialsolearnedtomakesometastylightmealsandhavereallygotintoit.SowhentheFreeFoodFaircamearound,Ichallengedmyselftoalightdinnerrecipe.Hereitis.”LightDinnerWholeWheatPastaPrepTime:10minutes;CookingTime:30minutes;Servings:2people;Howtocook

Cutthevegetablesandgeteverythingready.

Addsomewatertoasouppot,andletitcometoaboil.

Addthepasta,salt,andalittleoliveoilandcookforabout15to20minutes.Atthesametime,heattheoliveoilinapan.

Addgarlicandfryitinthepan.Whenitturnsbrown,addthechickenbreastandcookfor5minutes.Thenaddthevegetablesandfryfor3to4minutes.

Drainthepastatomakesurethereislittlewaterleft,andthenaddthefriedvegetablesandchicken.

Addthemixtureoftheoregano,oliveoil,salt,andpepper.

Topitwithcheese.9．AccordingtoMary,whomayfindlightfoodhelpful?A．Peopleinneedoflosingweight. B．Famousfoodlovers.C．PeopleattendingtheFreeFoodFair. D．Patientsinhospital.10．Whatcan’tbefoundinMary’srecipe?A．Thetimeneededforthecooking.B．Thecostofthelightdinner.C．Thestepstocookthelightdinner.D．Thenumberofpeopletobeserved.11．Whichpicturebestshowstheunderlinedphrase“Drainthepasta”?A． B． C． D．（2024·广东广州·一模）Youcouldn’tdeeplyexperienceChengduifyoudon’tpreparetodonothing.Sitonabamboochair,spreadyourfeetoutandlettheafternoonslowaway.Listentohotwaterpouredintoteacups.Tastemelonseeds(瓜子)orboiledpeanuts.Andteahousesaretherightplacesforyouandshouldalwaysbeonyourmust-golist.SichuanisoneofChina’smajortea-producingregions.ChengduwasfamousforitsteahousesasearlyastheTangdynasty.Forcenturies,teahouseswereplacesforfunandtea.There,customerscanenjoystorytelling,music,andespeciallySichuanOpera.Thatisnotapopularartthesedays,butYuelaiTeahousebesideJinjiangTheaterstillarrangesoperaseverySaturdayafternoon.YouwillfindmostofChengdu’straditionalteahousesinparks.HemingTeahouseinRenminParkattractslunchtimeofficeworkersandafternoonvisitors.Whennoisegetstoomuchbecauseofmorevisitors,moveontoShaochengTeahouseinthesamepark.Visitorsareolderandquieter.Theybringsongbirds,hangingtheircagesintreesandhavefun.However,new-styleteahouseshavebeenopenedtoattracttheyoungergeneration.Theywanttohaveatastefortraditionalteasinamoremodernstyle.ThemostfamousoneofthemisMiXunTeahouseinTaikooLi,whichisrightinthecity’smostfashionableshoppingarea.Asinallteahouses,theteacomesinseparatepacketswhichcanbekeptwarm.MaofenggreenteafromMountEmei,southofChengdu,isthetraditionalfavorite.Shaketheleavesintoyourcup.Don’tletthewaterinyourcupgettoolow,sinceanybadtastefromtheleavesisonthebottom.Youcanenjoyyourteaallafternoonandordernothingelse.InChengduteahouses,peoplerelaxthemselvesbystayingawayfrombusyworkandlife.ThecapitalofSichuanisdevelopingfasttoo,buthasmanagedtokeepitsslowerstylethathasbeenlostinmanyotherChinesecities.12．Thefirstparagraphleadstothetopicby________.A．tellingstories B．creatingasceneC．givingreasons D．askingquestions13．What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Themaintypesofteahouses. B．Theaddressofteahouses.C．Differentvisitorsofteahouses. D．Someactivitiesinteahouses.14．WhyshouldyouNOTletthewaterinyourcupgettoolowwhendrinkingtea?A．Becauseitmaymaketheteatoohot. B．Becauseitmaymaketheleavesfloat.C．Becauseitmaymaketheteanottasty. D．Becauseitmaymaketheteatoobitter.15．Whichisthebestwaytodividethepassage?A． B． C． D．（2024·广东广州·一模）What’sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel?Ofcourse,thebooksthatcanbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Byreadingthebooks,thoseplaceswillbecomemoreattractivewhentheyareinfrontofyou!Herearethebooksyoucancarryifyouwanttogotothefollowingplaces.Where’dYouGo,BernadetteItisanovelwrittenbyMariaSemple.Itistoldinemailsandstories.IttalksabouthowBeeBranchtriestofindhermissingmother,Bernadette.ThestoryhappensinSeattle,Washington.Althoughithassomeheart-breakingplots,ingeneralit’safunnystory.Thisnovelcanbeagoodfriendwhenyouvisitthosefamousplacesmentionedinthebook.Midnight’sChildrenMidnight’sChildrenisanovelof20th-century’sIndia.SalmanRushdie’sstorybeginsatmidnight,onthenightofIndia’sindependence(独立).The1,001childrenbornatthathourarefoundtohavemagicalpowers.Thisnovelismixedwithimaginationandrealevents.Byreadingthisbook,youcanalsoknowmoreaboutthecustomsofIndia.AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsHerecomesthisgreatcelebrationoftheanimalkingdom!ItiswrittenbyMillieMarotta,aNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthor.Thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater,oceans,forests,mountains,deserts,grasslandsandwetlandsaroundtheworldwhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirlivingplaces.MyNameisRedThebookiswrittenbytheNobelPrizewinnerforLiterature,OrhanPamuk.Ithasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.Ittellsastoryofayoungman,whohasbeenawayfromhomefor12years,comingbacktohishometowninIstanbul.Thebookisfullofdetailedpictureswhichshowthespecialtraditionoflocalculture.Italsoencouragespeopletohaveadeeperthinkingoflife.16．Whomightbemostinterestedinreadingthepassage?A．Studentsinterestedinworldhistory.B．Authorsinneedofwritingadvice.C．Booksellerslookingforadvertisements.D．Travellersinneedofguide.17．IfJaneisinterestedinnature,whichbookisthebestchoiceforher?A．Midnight’sChildren B．AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsC．MyNameisRed D．Where’dYouGo,Bernadette18．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．BeeBranchwentonatripinSeattlewithhermother.B．TheplotsinSalmanRushdie’sstoryallcomefromreallife.C．MillieMarotta’sbookshowsbeautifulscenesmainlyfromIndia.D．MyNameisRedisapopularbookallovertheworld（2024·广东广州·一模）Ondifficultdaysit’seasytoforgetwhatcheersyouupandmakesyoufeelhappy.But,bycreatingapieceofwordart,youwillhaveareminderyoucanturntoforideaswheneveryouneedit.Whatisahappinessmanifesto?Ahappinessmanifestoisadeclaration(宣言)ofwhatmakesyouhappy.Bymakingyourhappinessmanifestointoapieceofwordart,youcangetcreativeandplaceitinyourhometoseeeveryday.Tomakeyourhappinessmanifesto,youneedtogetapieceofpaperandapenandwritealistofeverythingyouenjoyandmakesyouhappy.Fromplayingwithfriendstoreadingtofootball,there’snolimittohowmanythingsyoucanwrite.Next,readthewordsandphrasesyou’vewrittenandcirclethosethatarereallyimportanttoyourhappiness,andwhatyoumostlovetodo.Crossoutanyyoudon’tfeelexcitedabout.Decidewhetheryou’regoingtomakeyourwordposterwithpens,orcreateitonacomputer.Ifyou’reusingacomputerapp,chooseatypeface(字体)youlikeandarrangeyourwordsandphrasesonanA4page.Makethewordsthesameordifferentcoloursandthenprintitout.Ifyou’remakingyourposterbyhand,writeorpaintyourwordsonapieceofpaperorcard,makingitascolourfulasyouwant.Placeyoureye-catchinghappinessmanifestoposterinaplaceyoucanseeiteverydayasareminder.Francesca,creatorofajournalonhappiness,believestherearelotsofreasonsweshouldcelebratewhatmakesushappy.“Itmakesuskinderandmorehelpfultoothers,morecreativeandbetteratdealingwithchallenges,”shesays.Nooneishappyallthetimeandwhenyoufeelanxiousorsad,yourbraincangoroundincircleswithyourworries.Withahappinessmanifesto,youcanlookatthingsatthebrightsideandgiveyoumoreideasforwhattodonext.19．Ahappinessmanifestoismainlyusedto________.A．remindustodosomethingB．showourartisticskillsC．decorateourroomD．raiseourspirits20．Whichshowsthecorrectstepstomakeahappinessmanifesto?a.Colouryourwordstomakethembeautiful.b.Listoutwhatyouenjoy.c.Placeitinyourroom.d.Deletewhatyoudon’tfeelexcited.e.Typeorwritedownyourwordsonpaperoracard.A．b-d-e-a-c B．b-d-e-c-a C．e-d-b-c-a D．e-d-b-a-c21．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Awaytomakeourselvespleased.B．Solutionstodealwithproblems.C．Sometipstomakeamanifesto.D．Howtoshareyourhappiness.（2024·广东广州·一模）Howdoplantsgrowinspace?AnexperimentattheTiangongspacestationcanprovidetheanswer.Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗),whichmayshowushowastronautscancultivatefoodtosupportlong-termspaceflights.“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell.”ZhengHuiqiong,ascientistattheCenterforExcellenceinMolecularPlantSciencesoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDaily.SincethericeexperimentbeganonJuly29,2022,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevariety(高杆水稻品种)havereachedaheightofabout30centimeters.Plus,theseedlingsofthedwarfricevariety(矮秆水稻品种)havegrowntoaround5centimeters.Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,theonebeingconductedonTiangongisthefirstofitskind.Itaimstoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithagrownplantproducingnewseeds.Theastronautswillkeepstudyingtheplants.Iftheexperimentissuccessful,theywillcollectthenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,Zhengadded.Sincethe1980s,Chinahasbeentakingtheseedsofcropstospace.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallengeduetothehardconditionsinspace.Micro-gravity,noairandhigh-energycosmicraysmaymakeithardfortheplantstogrow.Ricehasbeenthemostimportantfoodforastronautsforalongtime.USastronautsontheApollo11mission—thefirsthumanstolandonthemooninJuly1969—atefreeze-driedchickenandriceduringtheirtriptospace.Ifsuchanexperimentgoeswell,astronautswillbeabletogrowtheirfoodinorbit,reducinghowmuchfoodhastobetakenonspaceflights.22．Whatdoes“cultivate”inParagraph1probablymean?A．find B．grow C．waste D．cook23．WhatisthepurposeofdescribingtheheightsofthericevarietiesinParagraph2?A．Totellusaboutthescientists’work. B．Tomakeusinterestedinspaceexploration.C．Toshowthericeexperimentisgoingwell. D．Tointroducedifferenttypesofriceseedlings.24．WhatisspecialaboutthericeexperimentbeingdoneonTiangong?A．It’sthefirstriceexperimentinspace.B．ThegravityonEarthwillinfluencethegrowingoftherice.C．It’sthefirstexperimenttotrytoproducericeinacompletelifecycle.D．Ifitworks,thenewlyproducedriceplantwillbebroughtbacktoEarth.25．Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Futurespacemissions. B．Theimportanceofthericeexperiment.C．Thebestfoodchoicesforastronauts. D．Changesinastronauts’foodthroughhistory.（2024·广东广州·一模）DoyouknowthatmostoftheenergyweusecomesfromtheSun?Forexample,weusewindenergyandhydroenergytoproduceelectricity.Besides,theSunhelpsplantstogrow.Plantsthatgrewmillionsofyearsagoturnedintocoal,oil,andnaturalgas.Wecallthesefossilfuels(化石燃料).However,fossilfuelsmakepollution.ThisisbadfortheEarth.Fossilfuelsarealsononrenewable.Somedaytheywillbegone.So,scientistswantpeopletousegreenenergy.Whyisgreenenergyimportant?First,itisclean.Itdoesn’thurttheEarth.Next,itisrenewable.Itwon’trunout.Greenenergygivesusmorethan30%oftheelectricityweusetoday.Whatarethemainsources(来源)ofgreenenergy?WaterPowerWaterpowerusesmovingwaterinriversanddams.Movingwaterhasenergy.Waterpowermakes16.6%oftheelectricityweuse.WindPowerIswindpowernew?No,itisn’t.Peopleusedwindpowermanyyearsago.Windpowermakes4%oftheelectricityweuse.SolarPowerSolarpowercomesfromsunlight.TheSunshinesonsolarpanels,andelectricityismade.Solarpowerisnowascheapassomefossilfuels.Itmakes8%oftheelectricityweuse.Biomass(生物质能)Biomassisenergythatwegetfromplantsaroundus.Forexample,deadwoodorgrassisburnedinpowerstations.Thismakeselectricity.Biomassisgreenenergybecauseweplantnewtreesorcropsafterweusethem.Biomassmakes2%oftheelectricityweuse.NewGreenEnergyTheoceanrisesandfallseachday.Thismovingwatercanmakeelectricity.Wecallittidalpower.ThereisalsoheatundertheEarth’ssurface.▲Wemayfindothersourcesofgreenenergyinthefuture.Someday,greenenergycouldmake100%oftheelectricityweuse.That’sgoodnewsfortheEarth!26．HowdoesthewriterdevelopParagraph1?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bytellingstories.C．Bylistingnumbers. D．Bycomparingfacts.27．Whydoscientistssuggestusinggreenenergy?A．Itiseasytoproduceit. B．Itisascheapasfossilfuels.C．Itiscleanandwon’tbeusedup. D．Itisthemainsourceofelectricitynow.28．Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank“▲”inParagraph8.A．Buttheheatcan’tmakeelectricity.B．Theheatisfromthemovingwaterintheocean.C．ThesunlightcanshinedirectlyontheEarth’ssurface.D．Scientistscanusethisheatforenergy,whichiscalledheatpower.29．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvisepeopletoplantmoregreentrees.B．Tointroducesomekindsofgreenenergy.C．Tosharesomeideasonhowtousegreenenergy.D．TosuggestwhatpeoplecandotoprotecttheEarth.（23-24九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）Knownas“softgold”,GambieredCantongauze(香云纱)istheonlysilkfabric(织物)that’sstillhand-dyed(手染的)usingnaturalplantsintheworldtoday.Theskillhasahistoryofmorethan500years.In2008,itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritage(国家非物质文化遗产).OuyangYongzeisaninheritorofthedyeingskillsfromGuangdong.Themanstartedlearningtheskillsin2017.Thedyeingprocessincludes30steps.Itcantakeuptosixmonthsandisdonebyhandwithmaterialsfromnature.“Theplantshuliang(薯莨),rivermud,sunshine,andgrassareallimportantindyeing,”OuyangtoldChinaDaily.Todyethefabric,workersputitinshuliangjuiceandletitdryonthegrass.Theyrepeatthismanytimesuntilitturnsbrownishyellow.Then,theyputrivermudonittohelpshuliangreactfully.Afterwashinganddryingitagain,thefabricturnsblack!Masteringtheskillsisdifficult,accordingtoOuyang,whoputfulleffortintocontrollingthedensity(浓度)ofshuliangjuice.“Toomuchmaycausecolorloss,andtoolittlemaynorleadtoadarkenoughfabric,”hesaid.“Bettercontrolofthedensitycomesaftermanyfailures.”Also,thejobcanbereallytiringasworkershavetobeatworkinthesunfor8hourseachday.Onlyafewpeopleworkintheindustry,andskilledmastersaregettingolderasfeweryoungpeopletakepart.Consideringthis,Ouyangworkshardertodevelopthetraditionalcraft.Hehasgottogetherotherdyeingskillssuchastie-dyeing(扎染法)andbatik(蜡染)andhasworkedwithfamousfashiondesigners.Theyturnthesilkintobothtraditionalandfashionableclothesthatarepopularworldwide.Hethinksthiscanhelpmakethecraftstayaliveanddrewpeopletotheindustry.30．WhichofthefollowingistherightorderofdyeingGambieredCantongauze?①Repeatmanytimesuntilthefabricturnsbrownish-yellow.②Drythefabriconthegrass.③PutthefabricinShuliangjuice.④Putrivermudonthefabrictohelpshuliangreactfully.A．④②①③ B．①④③② C．②④③① D．③②①④31．Whichsentencecantheunderlinedword“inheritor”inParagraph2beputin?A．Thatcompanyoffersgoodvalueandservicetoevery________.B．Everyteenagershouldbea(n)________ofourChineseculturetopassitdown.C．Finally,Mariabecamethe________ofthesingingcompetition.D．Bell,the________ofthetelephone,madethefirstcall.32．Whatdoesparagraph6mainlytalkabout?A．Thejobisdifficultbutpopular. B．Someartistsarecomingtohelptheworkers.C．Passingdowntheskillsischallenging. D．Thejobseemstobecomeeasierthanbefore.33．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Waterisimportantinthecolorduringdyeing.B．Ouyangonlyfailsafewtimesbeforehecontrolsthedensitybetter.C．Therearenopeopletakingpartinthisindustry.D．Thedyeingprocessneedsgreatpatience,excellentskillsandhardwork.（23-24九年级下·广东广州·阶段练习）SendingastronautstoMarsisabigchallenge.Astronautswillhavetoateeverythingtheyneed,includingfood,airandwater.Theroominsidethespaceshipistoolimitedtoholdmanythings.SopackingaspaceshipisahugechallengeforatriptoMars.Sixastronautsonaneight-monthtiptoMarswillneedatleast18,000kilogramsofwaterfordrinkingandwashing.They’llalsoneedwatertoprotectthemselvesfromspacerayswhichcanpassrightthroughspaceshipwallsandharmastronauts’livingcells.Butalayerofwaterplacedaroundtheshipcanstoptheharm.That’salotofwater.Andsendingwaterintospaceistooexpensive.Itcosts$33,000tosendonecupofwatertoMars.Themoreyoutake,themoreitcosts.WehavethetechnologytogettoMars,buttheproblemisthatit’stooexpensive.ButFlynn,anengineeratNASA,thinkshehasawayofsolvingtheproblem.Insteadofbuildingaheavyspaceshipandpackingitfullofstuff(物料),whynotusethestuffaspartofthespaceship?Imagineaspaceshipthatblowsuplikeaballoon.Inside,thewallshavepocketslikeabighoneycomb(蜂巢).Theseholdlotsofplasticbagsfilledwithwater,driedfoodandalgae.Allthesemakehardwallsandgreatradiation(辐射)protection.Andstoppingradiationdoesnotinfluencethefoodorwateritself—itissafetoeatanddrink.Andwhatifthesamewatercouldbereusedagainandagain?Flynnandhisteamcalltheirpacked-pocketideaWaterWalls.MakingoxygenandtakingawayCO2—thewastegasyoubreatheout—isanotherprobleminspace.“WaterWallswilltakeawayCO2thesamewayit’sdonehereonourEarth—withlivingplants,”Flynnsays.LivingplantsmakeinCO2tomaketheirfood,andgiveoffoxygen.“Plantsarehardtogrowinaspacecraft,soweusealgae,”hesays.Algaearetinyplantsthatliveinwater.Thealgaewillliveinbagsinthewallstoo,fedbyhumanwasteandsunlight,eatingupCO2andmakingoxygenfortheastronautstobreathe.Flynnthinkshisonboardrecyclingsystemhasmanyadvantages.HehopesitwillhelpmakeflyingtoMarsarealityverysoon.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“limited”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Smallinsize. B．Includingonlyapart.C．Differentfromotherparts. D．Beingfreelyused.35．WhatistheadvantageofFlynn’ssystem?A．Foodissaved. B．Costissaved.C．Travellingtimeissaved. D．Plasticbagsaresaved.36．WhatisoneofthepurposesofFlynn’sideaofWaterWalls?A．Toproducewaterinthespaceship.B．Tomakethewholespaceshipstronger.C．Topreventspaceraysduringthespacetrip.D．Tocontrolthetemperatureinthespaceship.37．Whyarealgaeputintheplasticbags?A．Toserveasfoodforastronauts.B．Toprovideoxygenforastronauts.C．Topreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.D．Tohelpotherplantsgrowinaspaceship.参考答案：1．D2．B3．B4．D【导语】本文讲述是诺贝尔奖获得者爱尔兰著名作家WilliamButlerYeats的生平故事以及他的文学成就。1．细节理解题。根据“Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.”可知，他的家庭是一个很有艺术气息的家庭，故选D。2．词句猜测题。根据“Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.”可知，他从他的家庭继承了优秀的艺术品味，inherited与“succeededto”意思相近，故选B。3．细节理解题。根据文章内容，Yeats在1890年代末创立了爱尔兰国家剧院，1923年获得诺贝尔文学奖，1928年发表了《塔》和1929年发表了《蜿蜒的楼梯和其他诗》，1939年在Menton去世，最后一首诗是《黑塔》。所以事件发生的顺序是b→a→d→e→c。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据“LettheIrishvessel(船)lieEmptiedofitspoetry.”可知，他认为Yeats是爱尔兰艺术届的巨大损失，说明他很钦佩Yeats，故选D。5．B6．C7．B8．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了意大利的Nemo’sGarden项目，这是世界上第一个水下种植系统，旨在通过在海洋中种植作物来改变农业，并在海洋中增加种植农产品的可能性。5．推理判断题。根据“Theaimofitistochangefarming,andaddapossibilityforgrowingplantsintheocean.WhatwehaveonEarthwillbeuseduponeday,andsuchgardenscanofferusaddedspace.”可知，它的目的是改变农业，并增加在海洋中种植植物的可能性。我们在地球上所拥有的东西总有一天会用完，而这样的花园可以为我们提供额外的空间。所以B选项“它可以为人们提供更多的耕作空间。”正确，故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“Intheirgarden,growingsixtotenmetersunderwater,theplantsareseparatedfromanyoutsideviruses.”，“Thetemperatureoftheoceanwaterisalsoperfectforplants.”，“Besides,withhightechnology,Nemo’sGardenuseswater-basednutrients(养分)insteadofsoil.”及“What’smore,thereislittleinfluenceontheunderwaterenvironment,sonoharmiscausedtoseacreatures.”可知，总共提到了四点优势，故选C。7．推理