2022年高考英语真题和模拟题分类汇编专题02动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气

专题02动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气一、2022年高考真题（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）Inthelastfiveyears.Cao___67___(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s___68___(high)mountain.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）Heshowedmehowhismedicalinstrumentswasused.However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecomedistantfromhim.Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空）...ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63（address）theopeningceremony."Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66（share）futureformankind,"hesaid.4.（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）...Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersandcyclists....Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Andthereweretrafficjams,too....(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___60___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___61___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.二、2022届模拟题1.（2022·河南新乡·二模语法填空）Humansareexplorerssincethedawnofcivilization.We____34____(attract)overthehorizontofindfoodormorespace,orjusttoseewhatbeyondthosetreesormountainsoroceans.2.（2022·山东·模拟预测语法填空）ThetaoraytaoraySpringSummer2020___2___(show)forthefirsttimeontheworldstageofNewYorkFashionWeek___3___traditionmetmodernity.....Thetaoraytaoraycollection____10____(be)areflectiononhowthedesignersarepreservingculturetoremindpeopleofthebeautyoftraditionindailylife!3.（2022·广东梅州·一模）WhenIfinallysteppedoutofthetrees,theviewwasbreathtaking.Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains,which____3____(reflect)inthestilllakebelow.4.（2022·四川成都·三模语法填空）In2017,HassanmetaHangzhounative,whomhe____5____(marry)twoyearslater....“ThescienceoftraditionalChinesemedicine,whichhasahistoryofthousandsofyears,____8____(be)complexandattractive.5.（2022·湖南·二模语法填空）61percentofthepopulationofthiscity___13___(be)fromethnicminoritygroups.Pu'eralsoboastsoriginalecologicalcultureandaboriginalandmysterious,unsophisticatedandfantasticnational___16___(custom);theWoodenDrumFestivaloftheWanationality,theGourdFestivaloftheLahunationality,theTorchFestivaloftheYinationality,theWater-SprinklingFestivaloftheDainationalityand___17___traditionalethnicfestivalswhich___18___(inherit)formorethanonethousandyearswillinviteyoutolingerwiththeiruniquecharm.6.（2022·广东梅州·二模语法填空）Undersuchinfluence,youngpeoplegradually____29____(shift)theirattentionfrompopcultureimportedfromJapan,KoreaandtheWestandstartedtodevelopinterest_____30_____traditionalChineseartandliterature,practicingChinesecalligraphyandmusicalinstrument,suchasGuzheng.7.（2022·甘肃兰州·一模语法填空）___39___example,foodlossandwastemostlyoccursinharvestingandstorageinAfricaandSouthAsia.Upto30percentoffoodlosswasfoundduringfarmers’storageinsomeareasinAfrica,and21percentoffoodintheUnitedStates____40____(waste)duringdailyconsumption,WutoldEconomicDaily.8.（2022·陕西·宝鸡市渭滨区教研室模拟预测语法填空）Youareinthecaronthewaytowork.You’realittlenervous,___41___(fear)thatyoumightbelate.Thenyoucometoacrossing.Youlookaroundandrealizeyouhavegot___42___(stick)intraffic.Oh,no!Carsineverydirection___43___(be)allroundyouandnoneofthecarsaremoving.9.（2022·四川·成都七中二模短文改错）Theotherday,IdiscoverIcouldn'tmovemyrightarmandfingersaftersleepingthroughaflight.Havingdiagnosedmewithneuralinjury,thedoctorsuggestedIcouldtryacupuncture(针灸)....TwoweekswentbysinceIcouldeatamealwithchopsticksandittookamonthformyarmandfingerstoreturnbacktotheirnormalfunctions.10.（2021·四川·凉山彝族自治州教育科学研究所一模短文改错）Thelakehasbeenshrinkingsincethe1950sduetomultiplereason,suchashumanactivities.Itwasthecombinedeffortsofconservationandchangestotheregionalclimatewhichturnedthingsaround.11．（2022·陕西·长安一中模拟预测短文改错）Over27millionChinesewatchthefirstonlineconcertofIrishbandWestlifeatFridaynight.12．（2022·河南·鹤壁高中模拟预测短文改错）OnabrightNovemberday,agracefulEnglishladywalkintoacozybookshopintheheartofLondon’sChinatown.13.（2021·甘肃·嘉峪关市第一中学三模短文改错）IeagertogotocollegebecauseIknowthereissomanytolearnabouttheworldandabouthumanbeings.Knowledgeisasourceofpleasureforme....Bettereducationmeant,inmyopinion,betterjobs,betteropportunityandbetterchoices.IwanttogotocollegebecauseIknowthatmyparentsandotherpeoplewhocaresformewillbehappilywiththat.专题02动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气一、2022年高考真题（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）Inthelastfiveyears.Cao___67___(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s___68___(high)mountain.67.【答案】haswalked【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语inthelastfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填haswalked。68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）Heshowedmehowhismedicalinstrumentswasused.However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecomedistantfromhim.Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语instruments为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。故将was改为were。4.【答案】become→became【解析】考查动词时态。句意：然而，在我上了高中之后，不知怎么的，我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时，动词become应改为过去式became。故将become改为became。5.【答案】talk前面加to【解析】考查短语。句意：我不愿意和他交谈，经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。bewillingtodo意思为：愿意做，为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。6.【答案】stay→staying【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。（2022年全国乙卷语法填空）...ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63（address）theopeningceremony."Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66（share）futureformankind,"hesaid.addressed【解析】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。66.shared【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。4.（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）...Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersandcyclists....Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Andthereweretrafficjams,too....2.【答案】lives→live【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。7.【答案】去掉have后的been【解析】考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词takeover之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。9.【答案】were→are【解析】考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___60___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___61___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.58.【答案】were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为asignificantnumberofareas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously(之前地)”可知从句讲的是过去未受保护，所以要用一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。本句句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。故填were。59.【答案】toincrease【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“willextend”，剩下的这个“increase”作非谓语，由句意可知，increase在此处表示目的，应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。故填toincrease。60.【答案】isdesigned【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语TheGPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。本句句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，维护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填isdesigned。61.【答案】and【解析】考查连词。设空处无提示词，且前后为并列关系，应用and，连接三个指导原则

“protecting...,,preserving...,andleaving...”。本句句意。大熊猫保护区(GPNP)旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填and。二、2022届模拟题1.（2022·河南新乡·二模语法填空）Humansareexplorerssincethedawnofcivilization.We____34____(attract)overthehorizontofindfoodormorespace,orjusttoseewhatbeyondthosetreesormountainsoroceans.34．【答案】havebeenattracted【解析】考查动词语态。句意：我们被地平线所吸引，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据前句sincethedawnofcivilization可知，该段主要讲述自从人类文明以来，人类就渴望探索太空，所以用现在完成时；同时，句子主语we和所填词attract之间是被动的关系。故填havebeenattracted。2.（2022·山东·模拟预测语法填空）ThetaoraytaoraySpringSummer2020___2___(show)forthefirsttimeontheworldstageofNewYorkFashionWeek___3___traditionmetmodernity.....Thetaoraytaoraycollection____10____(be)areflectiononhowthedesignersarepreservingculturetoremindpeopleofthebeautyoftraditionindailylife!【答案】2．wasshown3．where10．is【解析】2．考查动词语态。句意：taoraytaoray2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。根据本句中的SpringSummer2020可知，此处应用一般过去时，因为ThetaoraytaoraySpringSummer2020与show之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasshown。3．考查定语从句。句意：taoraytaoray2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词worldstage，并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。10．考查主谓一致。句意：taoraytaoray系列是设计师如何保存文化，提醒人们在日常生活中的传统之美的反映！根据本句中的arepreserving可知，设空处应用一般现在时，因为句子的主语是collection，故填is。3.（2022·广东梅州·一模）WhenIfinallysteppedoutofthetrees,theviewwasbreathtaking.Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains,which____3____(reflect)inthestilllakebelow.【答案】3．werereflected3．考查时态和语态。句意：一只鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，群山倒映在下面平静的湖面上。谓语动词reflect和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文flew可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态，非限制性定语从句引导词which替代先行词mountains作主语，为复数，主谓一致，故填werereflected。4.（2022·四川成都·三模语法填空）In2017,HassanmetaHangzhounative,whomhe____5____(marry)twoyearslater....“ThescienceoftraditionalChinesemedicine,whichhasahistoryofthousandsofyears,____8____(be)complexandattractive.【答案】5．married8．is【解析】5．考查动词时态。句意：2017年，他遇到了一个杭州本地人，两年后，他与她结婚了。此处whom引导定语从句，此处为谓语动词，时间状语为in2017，为过去的时间，应用一般过去时，且“娶某人”表达为marrysb，故填married。8．考查主谓一致。句意：拥有着几千年历史的传统中医学是复杂并且吸引人。此处主语为thescience，为不可数名词，且此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。5.（2022·湖南·二模语法填空）61percentofthepopulationofthiscity___13___(be)fromethnicminoritygroups.Pu'eralsoboastsoriginalecologicalcultureandaboriginalandmysterious,unsophisticatedandfantasticnational___16___(custom);theWoodenDrumFestivaloftheWanationality,theGourdFestivaloftheLahunationality,theTorchFestivaloftheYinationality,theWater-SprinklingFestivaloftheDainationalityand___17___traditionalethnicfestivalswhich___18___(inherit)formorethanonethousandyearswillinviteyoutolingerwiththeiruniquecharm.【答案】13．is16．customs17．other18．havebeeninherited13．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个城市61%的人口是少数民族。本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。61percentofthepopulation为主语，表示整体，为单数概念，be动词为is。故填is。16．考查名词复数。句意：普洱还拥有原始的生态文化和原始神秘、古朴奇异的民族风情；佤族木鼓节、拉祜族葫芦节、彝族火把节、傣族泼水节等传承了一千多年的民族传统节日，将以其独特的魅力邀您流连忘返。空处填名词作宾语，前无不定冠词修饰和限定，用复数customs，作宾语。故填customs。17．考查形容词。根据句意，表示“其它的”，用other。故填other。18．考查时态语态。根据“formorethanonethousandyears”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语festivals与谓语inherit为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填havebeeninherited。6.（2022·广东梅州·二模语法填空）Undersuchinfluence,youngpeoplegradually____29____(shift)theirattentionfrompopcultureimportedfromJapan,KoreaandtheWestandstartedtodevelopinterest_____30_____traditionalChineseartandliterature,practicingChinesecalligraphyandmusicalinstrument,suchasGuzheng.29．考查时态。句意：在这种影响下，年轻人逐渐将注意力从日本、韩国和西方的流行文化转移，开始对中国传统艺术和文学产生兴趣，练习中国书法和古筝等乐器。and前后时态一致，由started可知，空格处的句子是一般过去时，空格处用过去式shifted。故填shifted。30．考查介词和固定短语。developinterestin是固定短语，意为“产生对……的兴趣”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。7.（2022·甘肃兰州·一模语法填空）___39___example,foodlossandwastemostlyoccursinharvestingandstorageinAfricaandSouthAsia.Upto30percentoffoodlosswasfoundduringfarmers’storageinsomeareasinAfrica,and21percentoffoodintheUnitedStates____40____(waste)duringdailyconsumption,WutoldEconomicDaily.39．考查介词。句意：比如说，在非洲和亚洲南部，食物耗损和废弃主要发生在丰收和储存阶段。此处意为“比如说”，表达为forexample，故填For。40．考查时态。句意：并且，美国的21%食物是在每日的消耗中损耗的。根据前文的“Upto30percentoffoodlosswasfound”可知，此处应用一般过去时，且food与waste之间为被动关系，故应填一般过去时的被动，故填waswasted。8.（2022·陕西·宝鸡市渭滨区教研室模拟预测语法填空）Youareinthecaronthewaytowork.You’realittlenervous,___41___(fear)thatyoumightbelate.Thenyoucometoacrossing.Youlookaroundandrealizeyouhavegot___42___(stick)intraffic.Oh,no!Carsineverydirection___43___(be)allroundyouandnoneofthecarsaremoving.41．考查非谓语动词。句意：你有点紧张，害怕迟到。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，You与fear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填fearing。42．考查固定短语。句意：你环顾四周，发现自己被堵在路上。getstuck被堵、被卡住，故填stuck。43．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：四面八方的车都在你周围，没有一辆车在移动。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是Cars，故填are。9.（2022·四川·成都七中二模短文改错）Theotherday,IdiscoverIcouldn'tmovemyrightarmandfingersaftersleepingthroughaflight.Havingdiagnosedmewithneuralinjury,thedoctorsuggestedIcouldtryacupuncture(针灸)....TwoweekswentbysinceIcouldeatamealwithchopsticksandittookamonthformyarmandfingerstoreturnbacktotheirnormalfunctions.【答案】1.discover→discovered

2删除could或could→should

3.since→before

4.删除back【解析】1.考查一般过去时。句意：有一天，我发现在飞机上睡觉后，我的右臂和手指都动不了。结合“Theotherday”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故将discover改为discovered。2.考查虚拟语气。句意：医生诊断我有神经损伤，建议我试试针灸。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用“（should）+动词原形”，should可省略，故删除could或将could改为should。3.考查时间状语从句引导词。句意：两个星期后我就可以用筷子吃饭了，我的手臂和手指恢复正常功能花了一个月的时间。结合句意可知，此处应用before引导时间状语从句，since意为“自从”，不符合题意。故将since改为before。4.考查动词意义。句意：两个星期后我就可以用筷子吃饭了，我的手臂和手指恢复正常功能花了一个月的时间。return表示“返回，归还”，back在语义上重复，故删除back。10.（2021·四川·凉山彝族自治州教育科学研究所一模短文改错）Thelakehasbeenshrinkingsincethe1950sduetomultiplereason,suchashumanactivities.Itwasthecombinedeffortsofconservationandchangestotheregionalclimatewhichturnedthingsaround.【答案】1.has→had2.reason→reasons3.which→that1.考查时态。句意：自20世纪50年代以来，由于人类活动等多种原因，该湖泊一直在缩小。根据第一段的“QinghaiLakehasseenitlargestwaterareassince2004”可知，自2004年以来，随着降雨的增加和生态保护的改善，青海湖的水域面积达到了最大，自20世纪50年代以来到2004年，该湖泊一直在缩小，因此时态应用过去完成进行时，即hadbeendoing，故将has改为had。2.考查名词复数。句意：自20世纪50年代以来，由于人类活动等多种原因，该湖泊一直在缩小。multiple后应用复数reasons，故将reason改为reasons。3.考查强调句。句意：正是保护和改变区域气候的共同努力，才扭转了局面。根据Itwas和句意可知，句子是强调句，结构是“itis/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是“thecombinedeffortsofconservationandchangestotheregionalclimate”，因此用that，故将which改为that。11．（2022·陕西·长安一中模拟预测短文改错）Over27millionChinesewatchthefirstonlineconce