中考英语复习课件专题主谓一致

Welcometoourclass

12021/10/10找出下列句子的错误1.Thepoliceiscomimgsoon.2.Thesadnewsmakemecry.3.Myshoesisnew.4.Therichisgoingtobelookedafterwell.5.Thispairofglassesaremine.6.Thefirstclassbeginateighteverymorning.Mancan’tbeperfect.makesareareareisbeginsLet’stry.22021/10/10Whatdidyoulearnfromthem?

1、英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在人称和数上保持一致。2、有些主语虽为单数形式，但意义为复数。有些主语虽为复数形式，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。所以，我们应保持主谓意义上的一致。32021/10/10Subject–verbagreement主谓一致性42021/10/10主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则，也是英语和汉语区别很大的地方。主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：二、意义一致三、就近原则一、语法一致52021/10/10

一、语法一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。例如：Ioftenhelphimandheoftenhelpsme.我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。Weoftenhelpeachother.我们经常互相帮助。不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。62021/10/10二、意义一致主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。如：Thecrowdwere

surroundingthegovernmentofficial.人群包围了这位政府官员。Mathsis

hardtolearn.数学难学。72021/10/10三、就近原则就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。Thereisapen

andtwopencilsonthedesk.

桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。82021/10/10and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词有以下两种情况：

1).and连接两个或两个以上不同的人或物作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：HeandIarebothstudentsofthisschool.

我和他都是这个学校的学生。

Timeandtidewaitfornoman.

岁月不饶人。92021/10/102).如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构是指同一个人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。102021/10/10例如：A).表整体概念的并列结构：breadandbutterknifeandforkironandsteellawandorderB).配套事物：awatchandchainaneedleandthread

Theknifeandforkisonthedesk.刀叉放在桌子上。112021/10/102.主语后面带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,including,but等引导的短语时，谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：

Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtreesinthegarden.

老师和同学们正在花园里种树。122021/10/103.如果主语是不定式，动词-ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。Whatheisdoingseemsveryimportant.

他正在做什么看起来很重要。Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.

为人民服务是我最大的幸福。132021/10/104.用连接的并列主语被each,

every或no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。

Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.

班里的每个男孩女孩都很用功。142021/10/10.Everyoneof

oneof

eachof

eitherof+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

Eachofthestudents

hasabook..Oneofyourbooksisnew.152021/10/105.eachof+

复数代词,谓语动用单数。复数代词+each,谓语动词用复数。如：

Eachofushassomethingtosay.Weeachhavesomethingtosay.我们每个人都有些话要说。162021/10/106.不定代词all,more,some,any,none等作主语时，谓语动词视情况而定。谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但当它指代不可数名词时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。Alltheapplesare

rotten.

所有的苹果都烂了。Alltheappleis

rotten.

整个苹果都烂了。Noneofusare/isperfect.人无完人。Noneofthemoneyisleft.

一点钱也没剩下。172021/10/107.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Someoneiscallingyou.

有人叫你。

Nothingisfoundintheroom.

在屋里找不到什么东西。182021/10/108.名词如trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses

等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数；如：

Thescissorsaresharp.192021/10/10而形复义单的名词如news;以-ics结尾的学科名称如physics,politics,

国名如theUnitedStates;报纸名如theNewTimes;书名如GreatExpectations(《远大前程》)；以及theUnitedNations作主语时，谓语动词用单数。202021/10/10

如：Nonewsisgoodnews.GreatExpectationswaswrittenbyCharlesDickensin1860.212021/10/109.集体名词作主语，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数，主要由句子的意思决定。若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。这类名词有people,family,class,population,crowd,team,ground等。例如：Thefamilyisverybig.TheirfamilyarewatchingTVnow.Chinesepeopleisahardworkingpeople.peoplehereareverykind.222021/10/1010.有些名词单复数形式相同，作主语时，谓语动词由上下文决定。这类名词有means,deer,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,fish等。如：Noteverymeansisuseful.

并非每种方法都有效。Notallmeansareuseful.

并非所有的方法都有效。232021/10/1011.表示一类人的“the+形容词(分词)”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Thesick

intheaccident

have

beentakentothehospital.Thelosthave

beenfound.242021/10/1012.表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词作主语时，不管单复数形式，其谓语动词用单数。如：Thirtyyearsis

notalongtime.30年的时间并不长。Twohoursis

enoughformetofinishthework.

两个小时对我来说完成这项工作足够了。252021/10/1013.therestof,halfof,majorityof,partof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,aplentyof,percentof

以及分数词等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面名词的数，即就近原则。如：Apartofthe

studentshave

arrived.部分学生已到了。Apartofthe

applehas

beeneatenbythemouse.这个苹果的一部分被老鼠吃了。262021/10/1014.在表存在的therebe句式中，主语是两个或多个并列名词（短语），be的形式与最近的一个名词（短语）保持一致。

Thereisapen,twopencilsandseveralbooksonthedesk.=Therearetwopencils,apenandseveralbooksonthedesk.=Thereareseveralbooks,apenandtwopencilsonthedesk.272021/10/1015.由here,there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如：Herecomesthebus.Hereisapenandtwobooksforyou.282021/10/1016.用连词or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。如：Neitheryounor

Iam

wrong.NeitherInor

youare

wrong.Notonlythestudentsbutalso

theteacherenjoys

listeningtothe

music.Notonlytheteacherbutalso

thestudentsenjoy

listeningtothemusic.292021/10/101.

由and连接的并列成分指的是一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数，如果指不同的人或物时谓语动词用复数。

The

workerandwriter

isfromWuhan.(那个工人兼作家…)

Theworkerandthewriter

arefromBeijing.(那位工人和那位作家)302021/10/10谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?WeChinese____ahard-workingpeople．A.isB.are

C.isbeingD.arebeing此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。312021/10/10注意以下类似例子：Thesetwodictionaries

areapresentformybestfriendJim．Theplanets

weretheobjectofhisstudy．ThemostimportantthingIneedisbooks．Thebestpartofthemeal

isthecoffeeandcookies．322021/10/10

Whenandwheretobuildthenew

factory______yet.

A.isnotdecided

B.arenotdecided

C.hasnotdecided

D.havenotdecided析:当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。A332021/10/10every并列使用时，动词取单数。Everyboyandeverygirl______

thateachdayandeachhourbrings

______duty.A.know,theirB.knows,theirC.knows,itsD.know,itsB342021/10/10E-mail,aswellastelephones,____

animportantpartindaily

communication.A.isplaying B.haveplayedC.areplaying D.play352021/10/10Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift．A.isoffered

B.hasofferedC.areoffered

D.haveoffered362021/10/103.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary

____tiredofhavingoneexamination

afteranother．A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Nottheteacher,butthestudents

____lookingforwardtoseeingthe

film．A.isB.areC.amD.be372021/10/105.Awomanwithsomechildren______

soon． A.iscoming B.arecoming C.hascome D.havecome6.Nooneexceptmyparents____

anythingaboutthis。 A.know B.knows C.isknown D.areknown382021/10/107．Theteacheraswellasthestudents

______thebookalready．A.hasread B.havereadC.arereading D.isreading8．Allbut（除了）one____intheaccident．A.waskilled B.werekilledC.willbekilled D.arekilled392021/10/109.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___fifty,

butanumberofthem___absentfor

differentreasons. A.were;was B.was;was

C.was;were D.were;were10.____ofthelandinthatdistrict____

coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is B.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is D.Twofifths;are402021/10/101.OurclassaregoingtohikenextweekOurclassarebigandclean.2.Aspeakerandwriterdoesexerciseeveryday.Aspeakerandawriterdoesexerciseeveryday.Doyouknowthedifferences?3.AnumberofChinesearelearningEnglish.Thenumberofthestudentsareforty.哪一句表达正确？412021/10/10给句子填上is/am/are1.There_____somemilkandsomebottlesonthetable.2.NeitherJimnorMary______right.3.EitheryouorI_______goingtoworkthere.4.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacher____happy.5.There______somesheepandachildoverthere.isisamisare422021/10/10Therebe_A_and_B_Either_A_or_B_Neither_A_nor_B_Notonly_A_butalso_B_动词Thinkingmakesyouclever就近原则432021/10/101.Behindthehouse_______(be)sometrees.2.Everystudentandeveryteacher_______(come)toschoolontimeinthemorning.3.Nomanandnowoman______(like)theseshoes.4.Heorshe______(have)gonethere.5.Whathesaid________(sound)reasonable.6.“I”____(be)theninthletter.Canyouworkthemout?arecomeslikeshassoundsisTruegoldfearsnotthefire.442021/10/10找出各句中的错误1.Anumberofstudentshasseenthefilm.2.Thiskindofapplestasteverygood.3.Notonlymyclassroombutalsomyteacherarefondofsports.4.TheGreenshasreturnedtoEngland.5.Thosewhoonlythinksofthemselvescanneverbehappy.6.Wheneachpersoncomein,theymustshowtheirtickets.havetastesishavethinkcomesThinkcarefully452021/10/107.Tenthousandpoundsarealotofmoney.8.Marylikesmanyothergirlslikesdancing.9.WeareChinese.YoutwoareGerman.10.Thesingeranddancerlookveryyoung.11.Fishandchipsaremyfavourite.12.Nobodybutthetwinsistersknowthesecret.IcanmakeitislikeGermanslooksisknows462021/10/10

Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keptC.keepsD.havekept3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has472021/10/10

4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were482021/10/107.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided8.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered492021/10/101.Thecountrylifehewasusedto______greatlysince1992.

A.change B.haschanged C.changing D.havechanged502021/10/102.Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythose