2020秋高中英语人教版必修5单元质量评估(四)

单元质量评估（四）

时间：100分钟分数：120分

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出

最佳选项。

Newspapersarenotnearlyaspopulartodayastheywereinthe

past.Therearenotverymanypeoplewhoseriouslyreadanewspaper

everyday.Mostpeopleonlyreadthesportspages,theadviceorthe

gossipcolumns,thecomics,andperhapstheclassifiedadvertisements.

Mostpeopledon*ttaketimetoreadrealnews.Newspapersattemptto

catchthereader*sinterestwithpicturesandexcitingheadlines.These

techniquesareusedonthefrontpagebecauseitisthefirstthingyou

seewhenyoupickupthepaper.Thefirstpageattractsattentionand

encouragesthereadertolookthroughtherestofthepaper.Thisiswhy

editorsalwayslookforagoodfirstpagestoryandaheadlinetomake

themstopandlook.Iftheheadlineishorribleenoughorfrightening

enoughorwildenough,perhapstheywillgoontoreadthefront

page.However,theymayreadtheheadlines,butthatisalbthenthey

turntothesportspage,orcomics,oradvertisements.

Itseemsthatpeopledonotwantthenewsfromanewspaperany

more.Theysaytheygetthenewsontelevisionnow.Morepeoplewatch

televisionnewsbecauseitiseasierandmoreinterestingthanreadinga

newspaper.Whataboutyou?Doyoureadnewsfromanewspaper?

Doyouthinkitiseasiertogetnewsfromtelevision?Ordoyoucare

aboutnewsatall?Wouldyoumindiftherewerenonews?

【语篇解读】报纸越来越不能吸引人们的注意力了，本文作者

呼吁大家更多地关注报纸。

1.Accordingtothepassage,newspapersare.

A.morepopulartoday

B.lesspopulartoday

C.aspopularasbefore

D.gettingmoreandmorepopular

解析：细节理解题。关键是理解文章的第一句话，由此可知报纸

的地位已不如从前。

答案：B

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingnewspaperswill

mostprobablyattractthereader*sattention?

A.Theoneswithinterestingpicturesandexcitingheadlinesonthe

frontpage.

B.Theoneswithsportsnewsonthefrontpage.

C.Theoneswithclassifiedadsonthefrontpage.

D.Theoneswithgossipcolumnsonthefrontpage.

解析：推理判断题。由第一段第五句可知，新闻往往用一些图片

和令人感兴趣的标题来吸引读者注意。

答案：A

3.Accordingtothepassage,mostpeoplereadallofthefollowing

EXCEPT.

A.thesportspageB.comics

C.advertisementsD.realnews

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。

答案：D

4.Theauthor*sattitudetowardsnewspapersis.

A.sympatheticB.critical

C.negativeD.undetermined

解析：作者态度题。由文章的第一句话可知，作者对报纸今非昔

比的状况有点感慨，作者认为报纸应该受到人们更多的关注。

答案：A

B

Manypeoplewritetonewspapersandmagazinestoexpresstheir

opinions.Letterstotheeditormustcarrythewriter'sfullname,

addressandtelephonenumber，althoughtheinformationisnot

necessaryforpublication.Thisrequirementtoprovidepersonal

particularsisaclearindicationthatwritersareheldresponsiblefor

whattheysay.Whenawriterwantshisvoiceheard,heneedstoclaim

ownershipofhisvoice.Responsibilityisthenameofthegame.

aPeopletodaypreferlivingtogethertoputtingtheirsignatures

onamarriagecertificatebecausetheyrefusetoacceptthe

responsibilityfortherelationship,wsaidasocialworker,“andthisis

whatiscausingalotoffamilyproblems."Whenwesignapaper,for

example,abusinesscontractorabankdocument,thesignatureisa

sealofconsent,anagreementtotakethematterseriously.Most

governmentsandmanyorganizationswillnotprocesswritten

complaintsiftheydonotbearthewriter'ssignature.Theabsenceofa

signature,theyexplain,tellsusthatthewritercannotbetooserious

andthereforedoesnotdeserveareply.

Therearepeoplewhowishtoremainanonymous（匿名的）for

variousreasons.Multi-billionaireMrKingdonatesgenerouslyto

charityseveraltimesayear.Hegivessimplybecausehewantstohelp

butnotforthepublicityhisdonationsmaybring,andhedoesnotwant

hisgooddeedstomakenews.Inothercases,peopleinsistonanonymity

becausetheyareafraidoftheconsequencesofrevealingtheir

identity.Crimewitnessesmaybewillingtoassistthepolice,butmost

areunwillingtogivetheirnameswhenreportingacrime.

Nameornoname?Theanswerisverypersonalandliesinhow

muchwewanttogetinvolved.Weallhaveaname.ltisamatterof

responsibilitytouseitwhenwemakeastatement,aclaimoran

accusation.Weallwanttohonourourownname,anditisonlyby

stampingourexpressionofanopinionwithourownnamethatwe

honourwhatwesay.

【语篇解读】在报刊上发表文章要写上自己的名字，这个名字

不简单，它有很多意义，首先你要对你说的话负责，其次你对发表的

内容有所有权。但名字在各种场合的签与不签意义不同。

5.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying^Responsibilityisthe

nameofthegame”？

A.Writersneedtoprovidetheirpersonalinformationinthe

game.

B.Publicationmustbearthewriter*sfullname,addressand

phonenumber.

C.Writersshouldberesponsiblefortheirnames.

D.Namesarerequiredtoindicatewriters*responsibilityforwhat

theysay.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thisrequirementtoprovide

personalparticularsisaclearindicationthatwritersareheld

responsibleforwhattheysay.”可知，作者对他们说的话要负责，即为

D项表述的意思。

答案：D

6.Somepeopledon*twanttheirnamesknownbecausetheyare

A.hesitanttomakeadonation

B.unwillingtodrawpublicattention

C.afraidofanaccusation

D.readyforinvolvement

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hegivessimplybecausehe

wantstohelpbutnotforthepublicityhisdonationsmaybring,andhe

doesnotwanthisgooddeedstomakenews."可知，有些人匿名把钱捐

给慈善机构，是不想引起公众的关注，这和B项的表述一致。

答案：B

7.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.honourandwriters

B.identityandsignature

C.signatureandresponsibility

D.anonymityandsignature

解析：主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕名字和责任展开，投稿需要署

名，签文件和合同需要签名，名字就意味着责任。

答案：C

c

施ws

Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgood

newsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcasts

andthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadand

monitored（监控）indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnew

rules.Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshave

foundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersand

sobstories.

"The'ifitbleeds'ruleworksformassmedia,"saysJonah

Berger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Theywantyour

eyeballsanddon*tcarehowyou'refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastory

withyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon*twant

themtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.w

Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication-e-mails,

Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations-foundthatit

tendedtobemorepositivethannegative（消极的）,butthatdidn*t

necessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenews

sharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregood

thingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,DrBergerlooked

athowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories：thousandsof

articlesonTheNewYorkTimes'website.HeandaPenncolleague

analyzedthe“moste-mailedwlistforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirst

Hndingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikely

tomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.Hefoundthatscience

amazedTimes'readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositive

feelingwithothers.

Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,

orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticles

thatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused（激发）onewayor

theother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositivean

article,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDrBergerexplainsinhis

newbook,ContagiouszWhyThingsCatchOn.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在晚间广播或者早报上，不

好的新闻有卖点，流血的新闻占头条。但是研究表明，在电子邮件或

者网络新闻中，人们更喜欢有积极意义或者有趣的新闻。

8.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?

A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.

C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations.

解析：细节理解题。从第一段中的“Thosearetheclassicrulesfor

theeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.”可知，这样的情况出

现在新闻报道中。

答案：A

9.WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?

A.They*resociallyinactive.

B.They*regoodattellingstories.

C.They*reinconsiderateofothers.

D.They*recarefulwiththeirwords.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的"...Butwhenyoushareastory

withyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon'twant

themtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner,”可知，与朋友分享故事时

你更加注意他们的反应，不想让他们觉得你是黛比•唐纳那样的人。因

此黛比•唐纳是不考虑他人感受的人。

答案：c

10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Sadstoriestravelfarandwide

B.Onlinenewsattractsmorepeople

C.ReadinghabitschangewiththeTimes

D.Goodnewsbeatsbadonsocialnetworks

解析：标题归纳题。全文讲述了好消息在社交网络媒体中传播得

更快更深远的现实，这打破了传统媒体中坏消息传播得又快又广的惯

例，正面的新闻更容易被分享。

答案：D

第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Mustangs

Theimageofhorsesrunningfreeacrosstheplainsisapopular

symboloftheAmericanWest.However,mustangsarenotnativetothe

UnitedStates.Theyaredescendants(后代)ofSpanishhorses.

11.BeforetheSpanisharrived,horseshadbeenextinctinthe

NewWorldforabout12,000years.

12.ThewordcomesfromtheSpanishwordmesteTTo,

meaning“wild”.Mustangsaremedium-sizedhorses.Theymeasure

around56inchesto60inches(140to150centimetres).Theyweigh

around800pounds(360kg).

ThesehorsesescapedfromtheSpanishsoldiers.Andtheywere

alsousedbynativepeopletofightagainsttheSpanisharmy.

13.Mostofthemustangsthatrunfreeacrosstheplainstoday

areofmixedancestry.

Bytheendofthe19thcentury,abouttwomillionmustangsran

acrossthecountryside.Farmersbegantocomplain.14.The

mustangpopulationdecreasedasfarmersdrovethehorsesawayfrom

theplains.Then,privateconservationeffortstoprotectthemustangs

beganasearlyas1925.

By1970,fewerthan17,000mustangswereleft.15.Now,

itisestimatedthatmorethan35,000mustangsarelivingintheUnited

Statestoday.

A.TheyprefertoliveinSpain.

B.Themustangsweredestroyingtheircrops.

C.MustangsarewelcometotheUnitedStates.

D.Asaresult,theUnitedStatespassedalawthatprotectedthe

horses.

E.ThefreehorsesthatliveinthewesternUnitedStatesarecalled

mustangs.

F.Astimewenton,thehorsesgavebirthtobabyhorsesandwere

joinedbyotherhorses.

G.WhenSpanisharmiescametotheNewWorldinthe16th

century,theybroughthorseswiththem.

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了野马。

11.解析：根据空处上句“TheyaredescendantsofSpanishhorses”

和下一句aBeforetheSpanisharrived,horseshadbeenextinctinthe

NewWorldw可知，西班牙人将野马带到了西半球。

答案：G

12.解析：根据下一句中的"ThewordcomesfromtheSpanish

wordmesteKo”可知，空处在介绍野马名字的由来。

答案：E

13.解析：根据下一句中的“Mostofthemustangsthatrunfree

acrosstheplainstodayareofmixedancestry”可知，绝大部分野马都不

是纯种的。

答案：F

14.解析：根据上一句中的“Farmersbegantocomplain”可知，空

处介绍了农民抱怨的原因是野马破坏了他们种的庄稼。

答案：B

15.解析：根据空处下一句中的"Now,itisestimatedthatmore

than35,000mustangsarelivingintheUnitedStatestodayw可知，在

政府的保护下野马的数量增加了。

答案：D

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Everyday,thenewsoftheworldreachespeoplebyover300

millioncopiesofdailypapers,over400millionradiosets,andover150

milliontelevisionsets.Additionalnewsis16bymotion（动作）

picturesintheatresandcinemasallovertheworld.Asmorepeople

learnwhattheimportanteventsofthedayare,17peoplestill

onlycarefortheeventsoftheirownhousehold.Nearlyfourhundred

yearsagotheEnglishwriterJohnDonnesaid,“Nomanisan

island."This18ismoreappropriate（恰当的）todaythanit

was19Donnelived.Inshort,whereverhelives,aman

20tosomesociety,andwearebecomingmoreandmore

aware（意识至！J）that21happensinoneparticularsociety

affects,somehow,thelifeofmankind.

Newspapershavebeenpublishedinthe22worldfor

aboutfourhundredyears.Mostofthenewspapers23today

arereadinEuropeandNorthAmerica.However,24theymay

bereadinallpartsoftheworld,25tothenewinventionsthat

arechangingthetechniquesofnewspaper26.

Electronicsandautomation（自动化）havemadeit27to

producepicturesandtextsfarmorequicklythanbefore.Photographic

copyingdoesn*t28tousetypeandprintingmachines.And

fewerspecialists>29typesetters,areneededtoproducea

paperormagazinebythe30method.Therefore，the

publishingofnewspapersandmagazinescan31more

money.Besides,photocopiescanbesentovergreat32nowby

meansoftelevisionchannelsandsatellitessuchasTelstar.Thus,

33canbebroughttothepublicmorequicklythanbefore.

Machinesthatprepareprintedtextsforphotocopiesarebeing

usedagreatdealtoday.Film,34lightandsmalLcanbesent

rapidlytootherplacesandusedtoprintcopiesofthetext35

theyareneeded.Filmpicturescanalsobeprojectedeasilyonamovie

ortelevisionscreen.

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了技术发展对报纸的影响。

16.A.takenB.shown

C.seenD.known

解析：根据句意“另外的新闻由……展示”可知选B项。show“显

示，展示

答案：B

17.A.fewerB.higher

C.lowerD.less

解析：本句前后部分之间有转折之意，又因为该词修饰people,

再由morepeople可知应选fewero

答案：A

18.A.studyB.argument

C.knowledgeD.idea

解析：study”学习，研究"；argument”论点，论据"；knowledge

“知识”；idea“思想，观点，想法根据前后句意可知，D项最合适。

答案：D

19.A.thatB.while

C.whenD.then

解析：此句意为“这种观点在今天比在邓恩生活的时期更恰当”，

表示“在...生活的时期“用when,不用whileo

答案：C

20.A.movesB.goes

C.belongsD.comes

解析：moveto”搬到...,移到"；g。to”到,去...

belongto"属于";cometo”共计，达到"。根据句意”个人属

于某个社会……”可知，应选C项。

答案：c

21.A.itB.whatever

C.somethingD.anything

解析：whatevera无论什么”，作that引导的宾语从句中主语从句

的主语。宾语从句的谓语动词是affects,因此happens应是主语从句

的谓语动词，而it、something和anything均不能引导从句。

答案：B

22.A.commonB.modern

C.ordinaryD.usual

解析：根据上下文推知，报纸只发行了约400年，故应属于现代

(modern)社会。故选B项。

答案：B

23.A.boughtB.printed

C.foundD.discovered

解析：buy"买"；print”印刷,印制“；find"找到“；discover

“发现”。根据句意知应用过去分词printed作定语。

答案：B

24.A.fastB.suddenly

C.immediatelyD.soon

解析：fast“快速地”，强调动作本身的速度；suddenly“突然地

immediately“立即”；soon“很快结合句意可知，此处指时间“很

快”，选D。

答案：D

25.A.hasB.brings

C.thanksD.imagines

解析：thanksto”多亏，由于“。其他三个选项均为动词，不能构

成状语，本句中不缺少谓语动词。

答案：c

26.A.deliveringB.making

C.sellingD.publishing

解析：本段在讲报纸的出版、发行，故选D项。

答案：D

27.A.clearB.possible

C.brightD.successful

解析：在“make+it+M/.+todo”结构中，it作形式宾语，不定

式是真正的宾语，makeitpossibleto(do)”使(做)成为可能“。clear

“清楚的”，bright“明亮的”，successful“成功的”，均不符合句意。

答案：B

28.A.wantB.need

C.likeD.hope

解析：影印不需要使用打字机和印刷机，故选need。

答案：B

29.A.includingB.besides

C.suchasD.except

解析：此处用来举例,故选suchas（例如）

答案：C

30.A.advancedB.easy

C.unusualD.suitable

解析：advanced”先进的"；easy"容易的"；unusual"不寻常的";

suitableu合适的由句意可知选A项。

答案：A

31.A.makeB.earn

C.saveD.get

解析：使用了先进的技术来出版报纸和杂志能够省更多的钱，故

选C项。

答案：c

32.A.placesB.distances

C.citiesD.villages

解析：greatdistances”很远的距离“，places>cities和villages均

表示地点，不符合句意。

答案：B

33.A.picturesB.books

C.lettersD.words

解析：从上文推知，通过电视频道和卫星传播的是画面、图片，

不是书、信件和话语。

答案：A

34.A.becomingB.feeling

C.turningD.being

解析：become“变得"，feel“觉得"，turn“变得”，均不符合文

意，故选D项。现在分词短语beinglightandsmall作原因状语。

答案：D

35.A.whereB.there

C.whichD.becauseof

解析：where在此引导地点状语从句，there>which和becauseof

不能引导地点状语从句。

答案：A

第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词

的正确形式。

Manypiecesofbeautifulpottery(陶器)werediscoveredin

Luoyang,HenanProvince,36.therewereafewtombsofthe

TangDynasty,whenarailwaywasintheprocessofbeingconstructed

in1899.Thepiecesofpotterywereeitherinyellow,greenandwhite

colours37.inyellow,greenandbrowncolours.

BecausetheywerefoundfromtombsoftheTangDynasty,they

werecalleduTangtri-colouredglazedpottery”.

TheproductionofglassypotteryinChina38.(date)

backtoancienttimes.Colouredglazewasusuallynotapplied

39.theheadofapotteryfigure.Afterthebasewasbaked,a

fewtouchesofChineseink40.(paint)torepresenttheeyes,

eyebrowsandbeard.Thefacialexpressionandinnerworldofasmall

statuewereportrayed(刻画)most41.(vivid).

Thereareagreat42.(various)ofTangtri-coloured

glazedpotterypieces.Withuniqueshapes,theyhadtherichflavorof

life,43.(cover)almosteveryfieldofliferelatedtothedead,

frommodelsofarchitecturetoplates,bowlsandfromsmallstatuesof

theheavenlykingswith44.badtempertothoseofbeautiful

nobleladies.Theyshowedthe45.(colour)sociallifeandthe

splendidcultureoftheTangDynasty.

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了我国古代的陶器。

36.解析：此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状

语，故用where引导从句。

答案：where

37.解析：either...or..."或者..或者“，为固定短语。

答案：or

38.解析：短语datebackto常用于一1般现在时，且主语“The

productionofglassypotteryinChina^^为单数,故用dates。

答案：dates

39.解析：applyto”适用于"，为固定短语。

答案：to

40.解析：afewtouchesofChineseink与paint之间为被动关系,

且表示发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

答案：werepainted

41.解析：修饰谓语动词要用副词形式，故用vividly。

答案：vividly

42.解析：agreatvarietyof”各种各样的"，为固定短语。

答案：variety

43.解析：cover与其逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，故用现在

分词形式作状语。

答案：covering

44.解析：abadtemper"坏脾气”，为固定用法。

答案：a

45.解析：修饰名词life要用形容词形式，故用colourful。

答案：colourful

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节应用文写作（满分15分）

假定你是李华，得知外教MrHall寒假不回国，想邀请他到你家

过春节。请给他写一封信，内容包括:

(1)时间；

⑵一同过节的家人；

⑶活动。

注意：

⑴词数80左右;

⑵可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案：

DearMrHalL

I*mwritingtoinviteyoutocometomyhometocelebratethe

SpringFestivalonJanuary19.1t*straditionallyatimeforfamily

reunion,somyparentsandmybrotherwillallbethere.We*llmake

dumplingstogetherandhaveabigdinner.We*llalsoplaycardgames

andwatchtheSpringFestivalGalaonTV.Youmayevengetagiftfrom

myparents.Ifyou'reabletocome,1*11goandpickyouupatyour

place.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故

事。

Avacationwithmymother

Ihadaninterestingchildhood.ltwasfilledwithsurprisesand

amusements,allbecauseofmymother—loving,sweet,yet

absent-mindedandforgetful.OnestrangefamilytripwetookwhenI

waseleventellsalotabouther.

MytwosetsofgrandparentslivedinColoradoandNorthDakota,

andmyparentsdecidedtospendafewweeksdrivingtothosestates

andseeingallthesightsalongtheway.Asthefirstdayofourtrip

approached,David,myeight-year-oldbrother,andIunwillinglysaid

goodbyetoallofourfriends.Whoknewifwe*deverseethemagain?

Finally，themomentofourdeparturearrived，andweloaded

suitcases,books,games,campingequipment,andatentintothecar

andbravelydroveoff.Webravelydroveoffagaintwohourslaterafter

we'dreturnedhometogetthepurseandtraveller'schecksmomhad

forgotten.

DavidandIwerealwaysa