2021届高中英语寒假暑假辅导专用讲义11-阅读理解(细节理解题)-拔高练习(解析版)

2021届高中英语寒假暑假辅导专用讲义专题11阅读理解（细节理解题）一DearAlfred，Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastooslow,though,withanIQof150at17,I’manythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADIID(注意力缺陷多动障碍).Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.Inhighschool,Ibecamecuriousaboutthecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.WhileIwasexploringmycuriosity,mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn’t.So,IwaskillingmytimeathomeuntilJune2012whenIdiscoveredtheonlinecomputercoursesofyourtrainingcenter.Sincethen,IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceandAdvancedMathematics.Currently,I’mlearningyourProbabilitycourse.Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper,coveredinself-writtennotesfromyourvideo.Thishasgivenmeapurpose.Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.Luckily,Idiscoveredthejob—DataAnalyst—thismonthandhavebeengoingfullsteamahead.IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mycompetitors.Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseI’mdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyou’resavingmylife.Yours,Tanis【文章大意】本文是一篇感谢信，属应用文。作者虽然患有ADHD，不能正常读大学；但通过参加Alfred的网络课程，作者获得了知识、工作与自信，因此，写信表达感激之情！1.whydidn’tTanisgotocollegeafterhighschool?A.ShehadlearnedenoughaboutcomputerscienceB.ShehadmoredifficultykeepingfocusedC.ShepreferredtakingonlinecoursesD.Shewastooslowtolearn【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：为什么塔尼斯高中毕业后没有上大学？由关键词“college”可将信息定位至第四段的第二句：“mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn’t”，意思是，作者的疾病注意力缺陷多动障碍加重了，高中毕业之后想上大学，却不能上。通过该疾病的名称可知B项正确。2.Asfortheworkingenvironment,Tainsprefers____.A.workingbyherselfB.dealingwiththepublicC.competingagainstothersD.stayingwithADHDstudents【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：关于工作环境，Tains更喜欢___。根据关键词“workingenvironment”将信息定位至倒数第三段的第一句“Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.”（去年，我全心全意寻找工作，一份不需要同外界打交道，可以独自开展，却仍有个团队可以交流的工作。）由此可知作者不想处理复杂的人际关系，喜欢独自工作。所以至于工作环境，塔尼斯更喜欢独自工作。故选A项。3.Taniswrotethisletterinorderto_____.A.explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputerB.sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionC.showhowgratefulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofar【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。题干：Tanis写这封信的目的是___。根据倒数第二段“Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart”（谢谢您，是您给了我希望，让我可以追随我的心），以及最后一段“Thisiswhyyou’resavingmylife.”（您拯救了我的生命）可知，C选项符合文意。二MusicOperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742..ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formoreinformation..SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallinsummeratRiverbend./home.asp.CollegeConservatoryofMusic(CCM):Performancesareonthemaincampus(校园)oftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM’sPhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic.StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183./events/calendar.RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:232-6220..【文章大意】文章是一篇广告类短文。共介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括举办的地点，举办时间，活动内容和联系方式等。4.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoseeanopera?A.241-2742.B.723-1182.C.381-3300.D.232-6220.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：如果你想看歌剧，打哪个电话？关键词“opera”将信息定位至第一段，可直接找到电话号码241-2742。故选A5.WhencanyougotoaconcertbyChamberOrchestra?A.February.B.May.C.August.D.November.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：什么时间可以看室内乐队音乐会（concertbyChamberOrchestra）。关键词“ChamberOrchestra”将信息定位至第二段。从中找到时间词“MarchthroughJune”（3月到6月）。故选B。6.WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI.D.cards?A.MusicHall.B.MemorialHall.C.PatriciaCobbettTheater.D.RiverbendMusicTheater.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：学生拿着自己的ID卡可以去哪里看免费演出？由关键词“I.D.cards”将信息定位至第四个活动。本段出现两个地点“maincampus”和“PatriciaCobbettTheater”。故选C。7.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?A.Ithasseatsintheopenair.B.Itgivesshowsallyearround.C.Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.D.Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。题干：RiverbendMusicTheater同其他地点有什么不同？根据RiverbendMusicTheater定位到最后一个活动，根据“Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover”可知，RiverbendMusicTheater是一个露天剧院。A项符合文意。三What’sOn?ElectricUnderground7.30pm－1.00amFreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho’splayinginyourarea?We’rebringingyouaneveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyoumusic.GeeWhizz8.30pm-10.30pmComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He’sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks(快餐).Simon’sWorkshop5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.CharlotteStone8.00pm-11.00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.【文章大意】本文属于广告类阅读，分别介绍了四则广告ElectricUnderground、GeeWhizz、Simon’sWorkshop、CharlotteStone的具体内容及细节信息。8.Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.JulesSkye.B.GeeWhizz.C.CharlotteStone.D.JamesPickering.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：如果你想制作音乐，谁能帮到你？由关键词组“haveyourmusicproduced”将信息定位至第一则广告最后一句He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic（他将讨论你如何能找到合适的人为你制作音乐）。这里的he就指代前面一句话里出现的人名“JulesSkye”。故A正确。9.Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatreB.KaleidoscopeC.VictoriaStageD.PizzaWorld【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：各个年龄段的人都可以过得很开心的地方是哪里？由关键词“peopleofdifferentages”和“enjoyagoodlaugh”将信息定位至第二则广告（ComedyatKaleidoscope）第三句Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest（这个欢乐的节目能给所有人带来快乐，从最年轻的人到最老的人）。故B正确。10.WhatdoweknowaboutSimon’sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub.D.ItisheldeveryWednesday.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：关于Simon’sWorkshop，我们知道什么？题干将信息定位到第三段。由于定位范围比较大，我们根据选项信息去文中找对应点。A选项提到会员身份；B选项提到每次演出持续时间；C选项提到喜剧俱乐部；D选项提到周三。第三段没有提到A、B、C相关信息；提到周三（WednesdaysatVictoriaStage）。故选D。11.WhenwillCharlotteStoneperformhersongs?A.5.00pm-7.30pm.B.7.30pm－1.00am.C.8.00pm-11.00pm.D.8.30pm-10.30pm.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：CharlotteStone什么时候表演歌曲？“CharlotteStone”将信息定位至最后一段。根据第四则广告中的“8.00pm–11.00pmPizzaWorld”可知CharlotteStone将在晚上8点至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确。四NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.【文章大意】文章介绍了省政府及其合作伙伴帮助学生暑期在找到工作所提供的许多项目。12.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：SummerCompany特别的地方是什么？关键词“SummerCompany”将信息定位到“SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith...awardsofupto＄3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”（SummerCompany项目给创办新业务的学生提供高达3000美元的奖励金）。B项符合文意。13.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：StewardshipYouthRangerProgram项目的年龄要求是什么？关键词“StewardshipYouthRangerProgram”和“agerange”将信息定位到“Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear”（“符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”）。选项D项符合题意，故选D。”14.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：哪个项目是针对残障人士的？根据关键词“disabled”，将信息定位至SummerEmploymentOpportunities段落中的句子“Whoiseligible:...Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability”（有些职位是针对15至24岁的学生或上至29岁的残障人士）。D项符合题意，故选D。五Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛医学院科学家MargaretLivingstone带领他的团队通过反复实验得出结论：猴子能算算术，且它们对大数值的关注胜过小数值。15.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：研究人员在测试猴子之前会对它们做什么？根据关键词组“beforetestingthem”，将信息定位至首段前两句“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0－25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”(一组研究人员训练三个猕猴建立26个不同符号同奖励水滴或果汁滴之间的联系。然后他们测试这些猴子如何通过组合这些符号获得奖励)。由此可知答案选C。16.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：在实验中，猴子怎么获得奖励？根据关键词“reward”，将信息定位至第一段和第二段。第一段里出现两处，分别提到奖励内容（asareward）和如何获得奖励（how）；第二段最后一句（Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample）讲到，如果猴子触摸左边的屏幕，会被奖励7滴水或果汁；如果它去圆圈那里，被奖励的水或果汁的滴数是圆圈里数字的总和，这个例子中是17滴。可见，猴子触摸那边的屏幕，相应屏幕上显示的数字或数字总和就是它被奖励水或果汁的滴数。故选B。17.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：关于猴子，Livingstone的团队发现了什么？题干里的“find”同第三段里的indicating相对应，后面的宾语从句就是问题的答案：thattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.（它们不仅仅能记住每次组合，还会计算）。只有A符合该文意。18.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.【答案】D【解析】文章出处题。题干：该文章应该出现在报纸的哪个版块？根据全文可知，本文讲述了科学家们通过科学实验得出猴子能够算算术的结论。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。故选D。六Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions,there’salwaystheriskyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.Butthedaysofhavingtoquicklycloseyoursunroofcouldsoonbeathingofthepast，thankstoJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnology.Thefirmisdevelopingcarsthatcanadaptautomaticallybyclosingwindowsandroofsorstartingtheheateriftheydetectbadweatherisontheway.Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure，humidity(湿度)andlightsensors(传感器)tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.Carsequippedwiththesystemcouldmakeslightchangestotheairconditioningifitfindstheweatherisgettingwarmerduringajourneyorincreasethecabintemperatureifitwillgetcolder.Theforecastmayindicatethereisapossibilityofoneormoreweatherconditions,suchasrain，withinaperiodoftime，suchasfiveminutes.Thevehiclemaythenadapttothelocalweatherconditions.Inparticular,itmaycloseoneormorewindows，orclosearoofofthevehicleinresponsetoaforecastofrain.Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(电致变色的)glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.Althoughitisunclearwhetherthistechnologywillmakeitswaytoaproductionvehicleanytimesoon,suchasystemwouldbeadvantageousonautonomousvehicles.Sincethere’snohumandriverpresent,thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers，basedoncurrentweatherconditions.Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了捷豹路虎公司最新的一项技术，它的天气预报系统通过传感器来预测天气变化并对车辆自身进行相应的调整。19.HowwillJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnologybenefitdrivers?A．Vehiclescanautomaticallydrivethemselves.B．Vehiclescanfindpositionsandroutesthemselves.C．Vehiclescanactasmobileweatherforecastingstations.D．Vehiclescanopenwindowsandsunroofsautomatically.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：司机们将如何受益于捷豹路虎的最新技术？因为本文的话题围绕捷豹路虎的最新技术展开，“latesttechnology”不是寻找答案信息点的有效关键词。司机也同样不是有效关键词。我们通过“benefit”将信息定位至第二段第二句里的“help”。这句话“Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure，humidity(湿度)andlightsensors(传感器)tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.”的意思是，天气预测系统可以利用空气压、湿度和光感器帮助汽车预测天气变化，并调整车身以适应变化。C项符合题意。20.Whatisthefeatureoftheglassofavehiclewiththenewtechnology?A．Itcanhelpadjusttheinsidetemperature.B．Itcanstillbeclearinrainydays.C．Itistoostrongtobreakintopieces.D．Itscolourcanchangewiththesunshine.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：采用该技术的汽车的玻璃有什么特点？根据关键词“glass”，将信息定位至第三段末句“Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(电致变色的)glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.”采用新技术的汽车玻璃的颜色会随着阳光而改变。故D选项正确。21.Whatcanweknowabouttheweatherforecastingsystemfromthetext?A．Itisintelligentenoughtostopraining.B．Itmakesthedrivermorecomfortable.C．Itcan’tpredicttheweatheraccurately.D．Itmakesautonomouscarssaferinbadweather.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：关于天气预测系统，我们能从文中获得什么信息？由于全文都是在介绍这个天气预测系统新技术，用它做关键词不能准确定位答案位置。所以要根据选项的信息点去文中找对应点。A说该系统能让雨停；B说它能让司机舒服；C说它预测天气不准确；D说它能使自动驾驶汽车更安全的应对恶劣天气。首先排除严重不合情理的A。根据文中“thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers（使乘客舒服）”排除B；因为通篇都在介绍该系统的优点，故排除C。排除法得出答案D。同时，D选项里的safer也对得上文末“Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming”句子里的safer。22.Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?A．Abookreview.B．Asciencereport.C．Asciencefictionstory.D．Atravelbrochure.【答案】B【解析】文章出处题。题干：该文可能出自哪里？文章介绍了捷豹路虎公司最新的一项科学技术，因此本文应该出自一份科学报道。故B选项正确。七TheNationalAirandSpaceMuseuminWashington,DChasthousandsofobjectsondisplay,includingthe1903WrightFlyer,CharlesLindbergh’sSpiritofSt.Louis,theApolloⅡCommandModuleColumbia,andalunarrockyoucantouch.Inadditiontoourexhibitiongalleries,youmaywanttovisittheAlbertEinsteinPlanetarium,LockheedMartinIMAXTheater,andthePublicObservatoryontheeastend.TherearemanythingstodoattheMuseuminDC.Weofferdailytoursandeducationalactivitiesforbothchildrenandadults.Wealsohavescheduledlecturesandeventsthroughouttheyear.Hours&Admission:OpeneverydayexceptDecember25.Admissionisfree.RegularHours:10:00amto5:30pmExtendedHours:10:00amto7:30pmDecember26—30,2014.March30—April20,2015.FridaysandSaturdays,April24—May16,2015.May17—September7,2015.VISITINGTIPS:LimittheNumberofBags:Allvisitorsarescreenedthroughmetaldetectorsuponentry.ThefeweritemsyoubringinsidetheMuseum,thefasteryourentry.Beforeyouvisit,pleasereviewthelistofprohibiteditems,whichincludepocketknivesandtripods(三脚架).VisitorscarryingprohibiteditemswillnotbeallowedinsidetheMuseum,sopleaseleavethemathomeorinyourcar.NoFoodandDrink:OnlybottledwaterispermittedintheMuseum.YoumayonlyconsumefoodandotherdrinksintheFoodCourt,notintheMuseum.GroupswhobringfoodareencouragedtopicnicontheNationalMall.PleaseTakePhotos:Youarewelcometotakephotosforpersonaluse.However,tripodsandmonopods(单脚架)arenotpermittedwithoutapproval.FirstAid:TheMuseumhasaFirstAidofficeandanurseonduty.PleasecontactthenearestsecurityofficerortheWelcomeCenterforassistance.VisittheWelcomeCenter:AtourWelcomeCenterintheSouthLobby,staffandvolunteerscanansweranyquestionyouhaveduringyourvisit.Open10:00amto5:30pmPhone:202-633-2214E-mail:NASM-VisitorServices@si.edu【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天博物馆的参观时间和注意事项等。23.Accordingtothepassage,theNationalAirandSpaceMuseumisamuseum______.A.whereonlyadultscantakepartinsomeeducationalactivitiesB.everyonecanpayavisittowithoutbuyingticketsC.whereonecantouchanythinghelikesD.everyonecanvisitwithouttimelimitsalltheyearround【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。题干：根据本文，美国国家航空航天博物馆是一个___样的博物馆？NationalAirandSpaceMuseum不是有效定位词，我们需要带着选项去文中找对应点。A提到成人，同“bothchildrenandadults”相矛盾；B提到不需要买票，和文中的“Admissionisfree”相符。故选B。另外，选项C不合情理；选项D，说法太绝对。24.IftheGreensplantovisittheMuseumat6:00pm,itisaccessibleon______.A.December24,2014B.March1,2015C.July6,2015D.September15,2015【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：假如Greens一家计划下午六点去参观该博物馆，什么时候可以去？题干在问参观时间。根据“December26-30,2014.March30-April20,2015.FridaysandSaturdays,April24-May16,2015.May17-September7,2015.”可知，只有C选项在此区间内,所以选C。25.Avisitortothemuseumcan______.A.eatanddrinkintheMuseumorintheFoodCourtB.takephotoswithtripodsforpersonaluseC.bringfewerbagstogothroughmetaldetectorsD.getsomemedicaltreatmentifhesuddenlyfallsill【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：参观博物馆的人可以___。没有关键词可以直接定位答案的位置。需要带着选项去文中找对应点。根据常识可以直接排除A（在博物馆或饮食厅可以吃饭喝水）和B（为个人目的使用三脚架拍照）。C选项说可以带较少的包包过安检；D选项说如果突然病了，可以得到医疗帮助。C选项同“LimittheNumberofBags”意思相近；D选项同“TheMuseumhasaFirstAidofficeandanurseonduty”相符。故选D。26.Thepurposeofthispassageisto______.A.makeanadvertisementforthemuseumB.attractpeopletoexploretheuniverseC.encourageadultstobringtheirchildrenthereD.showwhatisondisplayinthemuseum【答案】A【解析】目的意图题。题干：本文的目的是____。本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天博物馆的参观时间和注意事项等,所以本文是一则广告,故选A。八SanFranciscoFireEngineToursSanFranciscoWineryTourRunning:February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketsprice)DepartingfromtheCannery:Tourtimesuponrequest.Duration(时长):2hoursPrice:$90BacktotheFiftiesTourRunning:August16ththroughAugust31stThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco’smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:00pmDuration:2hoursPrice:$9SpookyHalloweenTourRunning:October10ththroughOctober31stJoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(服装)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pmDuration:1hourand30minutesPrice:AvailableuponrequestHolidayLightsTourRunning:December6ththroughDecember23ndThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancis’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pmDuration:1hourand30minutesAdvancereservationsrequired.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在旧金山可乘坐消防车游览的几条旅行路线的开设时间、可看到的风景、出发时间、持续时长以及价格等信息。27.WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?A.SanFranciscoWineryTour.B.BacktotheFiftiesTour.C.SpookyHallowenTour.D.HolidayLightsTour.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：哪条路线在3月份开放？根据关键词“March”，将信息定位至第一段（SanFranciscoWineryTour）的“Running:February1stthroughApril30th”。故选A28.WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTours?A.GotoTreasureIsland.B.Enjoytheholidayscenes.C.Havefreeicecream.D.VisitthePresidiodistrict.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干：游览BacktotheFiftiesTours这条路线时，游客可以做什么？快速浏览关于“BacktotheFiftiesTour”的信息，可以看到两个核心名词“history”和“icecream”。这句话的意思是，当我们带你游览旧金山的时候，你可以好好欣赏一下它那有趣的历史，还可以品尝免费的冰淇淋。故选C。29.WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?A.Takesomedrinks.B.Setoffearlyinthemorning.C.Wearwarmclothes.D.Makereservationsinadvance.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干：要游览HolidayLightsTour这条路线的话，需要做什么？快速扫读关于HolidayLightsTour的信息，文中没有提到drinks（排除A），没有提到morning（排除B），也没有提到clothes（排除C），提到的“Advancereservationsrequired.”同D选项相符。故选D。九Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication—e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍了在社交媒体和网络中，积极信息要比消极消息传播的更快、更远。人们不想被朋友认为自己不顾及他人的感受，于是会传播带有积极意义的、科学的信息。30.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?A.Newsreports．B.Researchpapers．C.Privatee-mails．D.Dailyconversations．【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。题干：文中提到的经典法则适用于哪里？由关键词“rules”将信息定位至第一段的第三句：“Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheevening