2024年中考英语二轮复习 专题九 动词的时态

中考英语二轮复习专题一名词目录01.考点分析02.模拟考题01考点分析考点1

动词时态的类型

初中阶段常考的动词时态有：分类含义构成一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态主语+动词的过去式一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或将来的状态主语+will/shall+动词原形或主语+am/is/are

going

to+动词原形分类含义构成现在进行时表示此刻正在发生的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作主语+was/were+动词的现在分词现在完成时表示过去某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果主语+have/has+动词的过去分词续表考点2

动词时态的用法一般现在时1.一般现在时的基本用法①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态②表示客观事实或普遍真理③表示特征、能力或现实的情况或状态●Kate

goes

to

school

by

bus

every

day.●The

earth

goes

around

the

sun.●Pandas

are

black

and

white.

They

feed

on

bamboo.［2022海南中考］2.常与一般现在时连用的时间状语①表示时间:

on

Sundays,

at

weekends,

on

weekdays等②表示频度:

often,

sometimes,

usually,

always,

seldom,

never,

every

day/week/month/year,

once

a

week等3.一般现在时的特殊用法（1）在含时间、条件等状语从句的复合句中，主句若用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。如：●If

it

rains

tomorrow,

we

won't

have

a

picnic.●I

will

tell

her

when

she

comes

tomorrow.（2）表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作或事件，或者事先安排好的动作。★常见的有此用法的动词（短语）有:go（去）come

（来）leave（离开）end（结束）open（营业）close（关闭）stop（停止）return（返回）start/begin（开始）fall（到来）arrive（到达）take

off（起飞）●The

meeting

begins

at

2:00

in

the

afternoon

and

ends

at

5:00.●The

plane

takes

off

at

eight

and

arrives

in

Beijing

at

eleven.（3）在某些以There,

Here

开头的句子中，可用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。如：Here

comes

the

bus!一般过去时1.一般过去时的用法①表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作③在含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时●Lingling

and

I

went

to

Lao

She

Teahouse

last

night.［2023天津中考］●Did

you

always

want

to

be

an

actor?●It

has

been

3

months

since

I

came

to

China.2.常与一般过去时连用的时间状语①表示时间：yesterday,

last

night,

two

days

ago,

in

2008,

in

the

past,

in

the

old

days,

just

now等②表示频度：always,

usually,

often,

sometimes等一般将来时1.一般将来时的用法（1）表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：●When

shall

we

meet?●I

will

take

the

PE

test

tomorrow.

［2023辽阳中考］（2）表示计划、打算做某事，或表示有迹象表明最近或将来要发生某事。如：It's

going

to

be

a

fine

day

tomorrow.（3）表示某种必然的趋势。如：All

living

things

will

die

without

air.（4）"be

to+动词原形"结构可以表示预先安排好的计划或约定，也可表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、义务、命令等。如：●They

are

to

pay

a

visit

to

the

teacher

together

at

10

a.m.

tomorrow.●You

are

to

hand

in

your

papers

before

the

end

of

July.（5）"be

about

to+动词原形"结构表示即将发生的动作，意为"正要，即将"，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。如：The

meeting

is

about

to

begin.2.常与一般将来时连用的时间状语tomorrow,

next

week/month/year,

soon,

in

the

future,

in

a

few

days等。现在进行时1.现在进行时的基本用法①表示此时此刻正在进行的动作②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态（此时未必正在进行）●The

workers

are

cleaning

the

community

center

now.［2022北京中考］●We

are

preparing

for

a

meeting

these

days.2.常与现在进行时连用的时间状语right

now,

these

days,

at

this

moment,

now等。3.现在进行时的特殊用法表示位移的动词，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。★常见的有此用法的动词（短语）有:go（去）come

（来）leave（离开）arrive（到达）reach（到达）move（移动）go

away（走开）get

off（离开）set

out/off（出发）●He

is

leaving

Shanghai

in

a

few

days.●John

is

coming

here

next

Friday.过去进行时1.过去进行时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：I

was

watching

TV

at

that

time.2.常与过去进行时连用的时间状语at

this

time

yesterday,

at

that

moment,

at

9:00

last

night,

at

that

time,

then等。3.在含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，过去进行时的用法（1）表示过去某一时刻一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。●When

the

rainstorm

came

yesterday,

we

were

cleaning

up

the

city

park.●My

sister

came

back

while

I

was

doing

my

homework.（2）表示过去某一时刻两个动作在同时进行。My

mother

was

cooking

while

my

brother

was

watching

TV.现在完成时1.现在完成时的用法（1）表示过去发生的并已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。He

has

visited

Beijing

many

times.（2）表示某一动作或状态从过去某时间开始，一直持续到现在并有可能持续下去，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。●I

have

studied

English

for

two

years.●They

have

lived

here

since

1996.●How

long

have

you

worked

in

this

library?●Since

he

was

a

little

boy,

he

has

been

in

love

with

music.［2022十堰中考］★常见的非延续性动词转化为延续性动词：非延续性动词延续性动词（短语）leavebe

away

fromborrowkeepgobe

therediebe

deadmarrybe

marriedcatch

a

coldhave

a

cold非延续性动词延续性动词（短语）buyhavebegin/startbe

onjoinbe

infinishbe

overfall

asleepbe

asleepcome

backbe

back续表归纳拓展非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。如：I

haven't

bought

anything

for

two

months.2.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语already,

yet,

never,

just,

ever,

so

far,

before,

since+时间点或从句,

for+一段时间,

in/during

the

past

three

years,

recently等。易混辨析1.一般过去时与现在完成时

一般过去时强调过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有联系现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，与现在的情况有联系试比较：●I

saw

the

film

last

week.我上周看了这部电影。（只说明上周看了电影）●I

have

seen

the

film.我看过这部电影。（说明已了解其内容）2.一般过去时与过去进行时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，侧重于事实，且动作已完成过去进行时表示动作在过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行，强调动作的持续性试比较：●They

planted

trees

last

Sunday.他们上周日植树了。（强调植树这一动作已结束）●They

were

planting

trees

last

Sunday.他们上周日在植树。（强调植树这一动作的持续性）02模拟考题语境小测Ⅰ.单项选择1.[2023北京中考]

—Lucy,

what

are

you

doing?—I

___

a

model

ship.CA.make

B.made

C.am

making

D.was

making2.[2023常州中考]

We

___

on

the

countryside

road

when

a

sudden

storm

hit,

so

we

made

our

way

back.BA.jogged

B.were

jogging

C.have

jogged

D.will

jog3.[2023大连中考]

The

Danube

is

a

river

in

Europe.

It

___

through

Vienna.CA.will

go

B.went

C.goes

D.has

gone4.[2023唐山模拟]

—What's

your

plan

for

the

coming

summer

vacation?—I

___

some

volunteer

work

in

the

Animal

Care

Center.AA.will

do

B.was

doing

C.did

D.have

done5.[2023石家庄新华区质量监测]

—Sara!

Can

you

give

me

a

hand?—Sorry,

I

___

on

the

phone.CA.talk

B.talked

C.am

talking

D.was

talking6.[2023保定模拟]

—Mum,

can

I

watch

TV?

I

___

my

homework.—OK.

But

just

for

a

while.CA.finish

B.will

finish

C.have

finished

D.am

finishing7.［原创新题］—I

saw

your

uncle

just

now.

Surprisingly,

he's

in

good

health

now.—Yeah,

he

___

a

lot,

but

he

has

given

it

up.BA.smokes

B.smoked

C.will

smoke

D.is

smoking8.［原创新题］He

didn't

come

to

my

party,

because

he

___

for

the

race.AA.was

training

B.trains

C.is

training

D.has

trainedⅡ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.[2023广西中考改编]

Yesterday

I

_______

（play）

basketball

with

my

classmates.

We

had

a

good

time.played2.[2023十堰中考]

Mr.

Smith

____________

（work）

at

the

Natural

History

Museum

for

more

than

10

years,

so

he

knows

a

lot

about

insects.has

worked3.[2023保定莲池区模拟]

—Did

you

hear

someone

knock

at

the

door?—No,

sir.

I

_____________

（listen）

to

music.was

listening4.Look!

The

children

_____________

（learn）

a

dragon

dance

with

my

grandpa

in

the

playground.are

learning5.After

this

exam,

you

__________

（have）

a

wonderful

holiday

next

month.

Take

it

easy!will

have6.We'll

have

the

party

in

the

garden

if

the

weather

___

（be）

good.

If

not,

it'll

have

to

be

inside.is语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。love

want

ask

interview

become

work

From

a

young

age,

Bex

Lindsay

was

very

interested

in

radio.

At

that

time

Lindsay

1.________

very

much

to

work

at

Fun

Kids,

a

radio

station

for

young

listeners,

so

she

sent

them

a

strange

recording,

hoping

to

be

accepted.wanted

"In

the

old

host-to-be

performance,

the

f