河南省许昌市2023-2024学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题

XCS2023—2024学年第一学期期末教学质量检测高二英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Vegetables.B.Orangejuice.C.Anemployee.2.WhatisPatwearing?A.Awhitehat.B.Awhiteshirt.C.Abrownshirt.3.Whatdidthemanborrowfromthewoman?A.HeriPhone.B.HeriPodC.Hergymbag.4.Whowillthemancall?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Ataxi.5.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shewaslateforschool.B.Shegotlostwhiledriving.C.Shecouldn'tfindaparkingspot.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpuppies?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyneedshots.C.Theyeatvegetables.7.Whatdoestheboyoffertodo?A.Buildahouseforthepuppy.B.Takegoodcareofthepuppy.C.Givethepuppysomeofhisfood.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanwantthedooroiled?A.It'sveryoldB.It'shardtoopen.C.Itmakestoomuchnoise.9.Whendoesthewomanusuallycomehome?A.Lateatnight.B.Inthemiddleoftheday.C.Earlyinthemorning.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanexpectfortheyear?A.It'llbefun.B.It'llbedifficult.C.It'llbeeasy.11.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.MajorinEnglish.B.Volunteeratthezoo.C.Attendmedicalschool.12.Howoftenwillthewomanbevolunteering?A.Everyday.B.Everyweekend.C.Threedaysaweek.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whodidthewomanjustmeet?A.Apsychologist.B.Herdoctor.C.Oneofherfriends.14.Whatmightbethecauseofthewoman'ssleepingproblems?A.Anxiety.B.Toomuchwork.C.Thepillsshetakes.15.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Exercisingoutdoors.B.Talkingmoreoftentoothers.C.Notusingthecomputerforawhile.16.Whendoesthemanusuallyfallasleep?A.At8pm.B.At9pm.C.At10pm.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthestormstart?AThismorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Lastnight.18.Whohasbeenrescuedbyboat?A.Peoplelivinginlowareas.BPeoplelivingnearthehills.C.Peoplelivingneartheocean.19.Howmanypeoplearewithoutpower?A.Thousands.B.Hundreds.C.Several.20.WhatdoestheWeatherServicesuggestpeopledo?A.Notleavetheirhomes.B.Turnofftheirelectricity.C.Drivecarefullythroughwater.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheBritishArtPrize2023Artists&IllustratorsisproudtoannouncethereturnoftheBritishArtPrize,amajorartcompetitionopentoartistsofalllevels.Allshortlisted(被列入候选名单的)artworkswillbeexhibitedataleadingLondongalleryinNovember2023.Shortlistedartistswillbeinvitedtoanopeningeveningreceptionalongsideartists,collectorsandotherVIPguests.PRIZBSTheBritishArtPrizehasfourfantasticprizes.Theyare:·FIRSTPRIZETheoverallwinneroftheBritishArtPrizewillreceivea£3,000cashprize,aseven-nightluxuryAmaWaterwaysrivertripfortwoontheSeineworthover£5,000,a£250giftvoucher(礼券)fromRosemary&.Co,andasixfeatureinafutureissueofArtists&Illustrators.·SECONDPRIZEA£500cashprize,aDerwentLightfastWoodenBox,aLightfastPaperPad(togetherworth£520)andinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·THIRDPRIZEA£500cashprizeandinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·PEOPLE’SCHOICEAWARDA£1,000cashprize,aPegasusArtvoucherworth£500andafeatureintheJanuary2024issueofArtists&Illustrators.HOWTOENTERSimplyvisitartistsandillustrators.co.uk/britishartprizeandfillouttheonlineform.Attachdigitalphotographsofyourartworkswhenrequestedandclickthe“submit”buttontocompleteyourentry.Theentryfeeforthefirstartworkis£18and£15foranyadditionalartwork.SELECTIONPROCESSSubmissionscloseat5p.m.onFriday,4thAugust.Ourjudgeswillselectashortlistof50artworks,includingthethreetopprizewinners.ThePeople’sChoiceAwardwillbedecidedbyapublicvote.TheBritishArtPrize2023shortlistwillbeannouncedonlineonSaturday,30thSeptemberandintheNovemberissueofArtists&Illustrators.1.Whenwilltheshortlistedartworksbeexhibited?A.InAugust2023. B.InSeptember2023.C.InNovember2023. D.InJanuary2024.2.Whichprize’swinnerwillbeprovidedwithavoyage?A.FirstPrize. B.SecondPrize.C.ThirdPrize. D.People’sChoiceAward.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyousubmitthreeartworks?A.£33. B.£36. C.£45. D.£48.BFélix“Andarin”Carvajalwasabornrunner.Asaboy,hespenthischildhoodrunningupanddownnearbyhills.Yearslater,asapostman,Carvajalbecamewell-knowninthecityofHavana,andeventually,hebegantoputhisfametouse,seekingoutdonationssohemightrepresentCubaasamarathonrunneratthe1904SummerOlympicsinSt.Louis,Missouri.Atthetime,therewasnostatesupportforOlympicathletesinCuba.Butevenwiththemoney,Carvajalnearlydidn’tmakeitthere.HisjourneytotheGamestookhimfirsttoNewOrleans，wherehelostallthemoneyhehadsavedupforthetrip.Inaforeigncity,CarvajalbegantowalknorthupalongtheMississippiRivertoSt.Louis.Itwashundredsofmiles,butbetweenwalkingandhitching(搭便车)rides,hewasabletoreachSt.Louisintimeforhisevent.ItwasAugustinSt.LouisandCarvajalstoodinthestagingarea，hungryandoutofshapeandtired.Carvajaltookofftoacommandingearlyleaddespitethefactthathehadnoteatenfortwodays.Carvajalhadneverparticularlybelievedinpacinghimself.Carvajalwasmostlyself-trainedandhisideasaboutrunninghadalwaysbeenstraightforward:torunfarandrunfastandrununtilyoucan’tgoanymore.But26.2milesisalongdistance.Carvajalwasreportedtohavepickedandeatenfivegreenappleswhilerunningandbecamebadlyillwithastomachache.Miraculously,Carvajalmanagedtoreturntotheraceandfinishinfourthplace.The1904OlympicswasthepeakofCarvajal’sinternationalcareer.Butheremainedarunnerfortherestofhislife.At55yearsold,CarvajalrantheentirelengthofCubaalongthecountry’smainhighway,adistanceofnearly700miles.Towardtheendofhislife,heperformedashortrunningdemonstration.“ThisistoshowyouthatIstillrun,”hetoldthecrowd.4.WhatdidCarvajalusehisfametodo?A.Getajobasapostman.B.Inspiremorepeopletorun.C.SupportprofessionalathletesinCuba.D.RaisemoneyforhistriptotheOlympics.5.WhathappenedtoCarvajalaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Helostallhismoney. B.Hegotlostinaforeigncity.C.HetraveledroundNewOrleans. D.HewalkedtotheMississippiRiver.6.WhatdidCarvajalbelievein?A.Keepingpacewithmostrunners.B.Runningfastfromthebeginning.C.Speedingupinthemiddleofarace.D.Runningatanaveragespeedallthrougharace.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Amanalwaysinneed. B.Amanbornformedals.C.Amanalwaysonthemove. D.Amandevotedtocharity.C400milliontonsofplasticaregeneratedannually,mostofwhichcomesfromsingle-useplasticWhilecountriesaremakingprogressinreducingthiswastethroughpaperbagsandstraws,therearestillapplicationswherethepropertiesofplasticarenecessary.Transparent(透明的)woodisanalternativeforsuchapplicationsandishighlypreferredsinceitpreventstheharmofpetroleum-derived(石油衍生的)plasticproducts.GermanscientistSiegfriedFinkfirstcreatedtransparentwoodintheyear1992,andoverthepastthreedecadesithasbeensignificantlyimprovedbyotherresearchersaswell.Initsnaturalform,woodisnottransparent.However,researchershavefoundthatremovinglignin,anaturallyoccurringbiopolymerthatprovidesstructuralsupportfortheplanttissue,canmakeittransparent.Todoso,thewoodissoakedinawarmsolutionconsistingofmultiplechemicals,followedbyboilingitinanothersolution.Thisremovesthelignincompletelyandturnsthewoodwhite.However,thespacethatwasoccupiedbyligninneedstobefilleduptomaintainstructuralintegrity.Thisprocessisdonebyusingaresin(树脂)atatemperatureof185Fahrenheit(85℃).Thefinalproductcanhaveasmuchas90transparency,anditdoesn’tbreakeasily.Moreimportantly,itismorebiodegradablethanglassorplastic.Whiletransparentwoodisn’tcommercialyet,ithasbeenemployedinawidevarietyofapplicationsrangingfromconstructiontoenergystorage,makingflexibleelectronicsandpackaging.TheresearchersattheIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT)conductedalife-cycleanalysis(LCA)oftransparentwoodtodeterminetheenvironmentalimpactofitsproductionandend-of-life(EOL)cycle.Thestudyfoundthatusinghydrogenperoxidefordelignification,followedbyusingepoxyforinfiltration,wasthemosteco-friendly.Whenscaledupforindustrialproduction,theformermethodwouldlowerelectricityconsumptionbyasmuchas98.8percent.EOLanalysisshowedthattransparentwoodhadareducedecologicalimpactcomparedtopolyethylene(聚乙烯),pavingthewayforittobecommerciallyadaptedtoreplacethepetroleum-basedmaterial.8.Whyistransparentwoodpreferredcomparedtoplastic?AItiseasiertomake. B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.CItcanbeusedlonger. D.Itcanbeusedrepeatedly.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenaturalformofwood. B.Theimportanceofchemicals.C.Howtransparentwoodismade. D.Howligninkeepswoodstrong.10.WhatdidtheresearchersatIITfindabouttransparentwood?A.Itcanberecycled.B.Itwillreplaceplasticsoon.C.Themosteco-friendlywaytoproduceit.D.Potentialdamagecausedbyittotheenvironment.11.Whatcanbeexpectedoftransparentwood’smarketing?A.Promising. B.Difficult. C.Profitable. D.Uncertain.DThefruit-treepinholeborer(针孔蛀虫),asitsnameimplies,makesholesinfruittrees.Itlaysitseggsandraisesitsyounginthegalleriesthuscreated.Yetthebeetles(甲虫)donotfeeddirectlyonthewoodtheyboreinto.Instead,theydevourfungi(真菌)thatgrowonthewoodthusexposed.Researchershavelongsuspectedthatthisisaformoffarming,becausetheyhaveevidencethatthebeetlescarryspores(孢子)oftheirpreferredcrop,R.sulphurea,intotheirsmallholdings—ineffect,sowingitthere.Observationsofnaturalfruit-treepinhole-borerdwellingssuggestthatR.sulphureagrowsinthemmoreabundantly(大量地)thanmightbeexpected,givenallthefungalcompetitionaround—butnotwhy.Tocheckwhetherthebeetlesare,indeed,weedingtheircrop,JaninaDiehlandPeterBiedermannoftheUniversityofFreiburgdidanexperiment.Inthelaboratory,theyhadmotherbeetlesofthelittlewoodborerestablishnests,inwhichthetypicalfungalgardensformed.Butbeforethebeetleshadstartedlayingtheireggs,theycollectedallofthebeetlesandthenreturnedhalftotheirdwellingswhileleavingtheothernestsempty.Geneticanalysisofthefungalgardensafter40daysshowedthatthepresenceofthebeetleshadgreatlychangedthefungalcommunity.Twentydaysafterthat,theysampledthegallerywallsforfungi.Astheyhadhopedandexpected,R.sulphureawasmuchmoreabundantinbeetle-tendedgalleriesthaninthosewithoutresidents.Intheformer,itmadeuphalfofthefungalmassextracted.Inthelatter,lessthanathird.Thesebeetlesareindeedweedingtheircrop.“Furtherresearchintohowexactlythebeetlessuppressthegrowthofweedfungicouldalsoprovideworthwhileinsightsforhumanagriculture,whichisstrugglingwithweedresistance,forexample,”saysBiedermann.“It’shighlyexcitingforustoseehownaturehasbeendoingthisfor60millionyears.Wehumanscanstilllearnsomethingfromthesemechanisms.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devour”inparagraph1mean?A.Sow. B.Tend. C.Eat. D.Move.13.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsofnestsdifferent?A.Thenumberofthemotherbeetles. B.Thepresenceofthebeetles.C.Thequalityoffoodfungi. D.Thetypesofweedfungi.14.WhatdidDiehlfindaboutthefruit-treepinholeborer?A.Theyweedcrops. B.Theyfeedonfruit.C.Theyliveingroups. D.Theylayeggsintrees.15.WhatcanbelearnedfromBiedermann’swords?A.Theresearchfindingsareoflittlevalue.B.Measuresshouldbetakentoprotectthebeetles.C.Fungicausemuchdamagetohumanagriculture.D.Furtherresearchtothebeetlesmightbenefitfarmers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AvoidinglonelinessItdoesn’tfollowthatyou’relonelyjustbecauseyoulivealone,butthere’sevidencethatitcanaffectyourhealth,increasingyourriskofheartdisease,cancer,andmentalhealthproblems.____16____.Acknowledgingitandtryingtounderstandwhat’scausingyoutofeelthatwayisthefirststeptodoingsomethingaboutit.____17____.InsteadofwatchingTVorcheckingyourphone,goforawalkandchatwithsomeone.Betterstill,offertotakeaneighbor'sdogforawalk—dogownersloveother’dog’people!Buildyourcommunityonline.Theinternethasthepotentialtobringlike-mindedpeopletogether.____18____.TryaneighbourhoodapplikeNextDoororNearcircles.Youmaytakepartinafitnesscommunity(groupworkoutsorarunningclub),aworkcommunity(co-workingspace),orahobbycommunity(awriters’meetup).Yourlocallibrarywillalsobeabletohelpyoufindactivitiesandwhat’sonnearhome.Pickupthephone.Ormakeavideocall.Don’twaitforfamilyandfriendstomakethefirstmove;getintouchforachatandmakeitahabit.Getinvolved.____19____.Helpingoutatthelocalfoodbankorcharityshopwillnotonlygiveyouawarm,happyfeeling,butyou’llalsogettomeetothervolunteers—anditwillgiveyousomethingtotalkaboutwithfriends.Planahead.Everyone’sbusy,sogettingpeopletogethercantakeorganisationandmotivation.____20____.A.MaketimeforpeopleB.TalkaboutyourfeelingsC.So,ifattimesyoufeellonesome,don’tignoreitD.Don’tbeembarrassedatthecausesofyourlonelinessE.HoweveritneedstotranslateintomeetingupinreallifeF.Ratherthanunclearlysuggestingmeetingup,followupquicklywithaproposeddateG.Volunteeringisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth,andallowsyoutoconnectwithpeople第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Myfamilyalwayshadsomesortofanimalaround,butnoneofthemweretrulymine.Myparentsdidn’tpermitmeto____21____myownuntilIwassevenyearsold.Finally,Iwas____22____tohavemyown____23____,afishcalledGeorge.Isaiditwasmyresponsibilityto____24____it.EveryFridayIwouldcleanouthisbowl.Ifoundmyself____25____invitationstogosomewhereimmediatelyafterschool,becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.EverydayhewouldremindmethatIwas____26____andthatIhadsomeonedependingonme.Oneday,Icamehomefromschoolandheadedtomyroomto____27____George.Ifounda____28____thinghadhappened.I____29____mybagandranovertothebowl.IsawmybestfriendGeorgefloatingaroundlifeless.Mymomwalkedintomyroom.Iturnedaroundastearsstartedtowellinmyeyes.“Mommy,Georged…d…died.”Withthat_____30_____wordIstartedcryinguncontrollably.MymomcametomysideasIhidmyfaceinmypillows.Suddenly,IrealizedthatGeorgehadn’tjust_____31_____me.Hehadtaughtmewhat_____32_____meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.Thismademefeel_____33_____.Tomyseven-year-oldself,thiswasagreat_____34_____.Slowly,asmilecrossedmyface.Georgewasgone._____35_____,thelessonshetaughtmewouldforeverbecarvedintomymemory.21.A.draw B.imagine C.have D.share22.A.doubtful B.excited C.surprised D.afraid23.A.toy B.mind C.time D.pet24.A.takecareof B.makeuseof C.getholdof D.lookforwardto25.A.readingout B.puttingaway C.turningdown D.showingoff26.A.replaced B.recognized C.affected D.needed27.A.feed B.save C.impress D.find28.A.basic B.terrible C.funny D.familiar29.A.dropped B.emptied C.hid D.checked30.A.common B.last C.extra D.new31.A.left B.reminded C.defeated D.chosen32.A.preference B.independence C.difficulty D.responsibility33.A.safe B.good C.sorry D.tired34.A.agreement B.treatment C.disappointment D.achievement35.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.However D.Therefore第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Haveyoueverwonderedwhatlifeislikenow____36____(compare)to,say,the1980sorthe1990s?IwenttoasksomepeopleIknowwhowereadultsinthe‘80sand90s’,andtheanswerIgotwasthat“Overall,lifeisalot___37___(good)now!”Thisdidn’treallysurpriseme.Imean,thesedayswe’vegotmobilephonesandtheinternetandsoon—but____38____(actual)thoseweren’tthethingstheytalkedabout.Sowhatdidtheytalkabout?For____39____start,wedon’thavetoworkphysicallyhardsincenowtherearealotofthingslikedishwashersforhousework.Thenthere’sthematterofhow,thesedays,____40____ispossibletoworkathome—it’smainly____41____(computer)thathavemadethispossible.Notonlythat,there’salotmore____42____(equal)now.It’seasierforallpeople,whatevertheirsocialbackground,gender(性别),colourandsoon,tohaveequalaccess____43____avarietyofcareeropportunities.Thatsaid,it’snotallamatterofimprovement.Quiteafewpeopletoldmethattheyfeelmorestressedthesedaysbecausetheyrelyalotontechnologyandtheyarealways____44____(anxiety)aboutsecurityontheinternet.Plus,wespendalotofourtime_____45_____(use)smartphones.Onepersonsaid,“Wouldn’titbegreattobeoffthegrid(不上网)forafewdays?”第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你叫李华，你的加拿大朋友Tom最近被一个中国朋友邀请参加他奶奶的80岁生日，Tom写信向你了解中国老年人过生日的方式，请你给他写封邮件介绍有关情况。内容包括：1.生日聚会形式；2.生日礼物及其象征意义。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LuHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onacold,stormywinterday,anoldfriendinvitedmeoutforacupofcoffee.Wemetbyhishouse,andaswewalkeddownthestreet,wepassedbyasmallcafewithasignhangingonthedoorthatread,“You’rewelcomein.Wehavesuspended(待用)coffee.”“Suspendedcoffee?”Iaskedmyfriend.“Whatdoesthatmean?”“You’veneverheardofit?”myfriendasked,andIshookmyhead.“Followme,”hetoldme,andwejoinedthelineofpeoplestandinginfrontofthecashregister.“WhatcanIofferyoutoday?”Thecashieraskedacoupleofyounglawyerswhowerelookingatthemenu.“Ithinkwe’lltakethree