2024年湖南省长沙市长郡集团中考英语一模试卷（含解析）

2024年湖南省长沙市长郡集团中考英语一模试卷第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．（6分）CHINA'SEFFORTSTOHELPTHEDISABLEDInChina，thereareabout85millionpeoplewithdisabilities.Barrier﹣free（无障碍）environmentasoftheendof2021：●81.05percentoframps（坡道）togoinandoutofbuildingsandplacesinservice●56.58percentofservicedesks●38.66percentoftoiletsStudentswithdisabilitiesinnormalschoolsOver95percentOver50percentofchildrenwithofstudentsin2023disabilitiesgetwithdisabilitiescompulsoryeducationenternormal（义务教育）schools（1）WhatisChinatryingtodo？A.Getmorestudentsintonormalschools.B.Helpthedisabledlivebetter.C.Buildmorehouses.（2）Toprovidebarrier﹣freeenvironment，whatfacilities（设施）areprovided？A.Buildingsandplaces.B.Rampsandstairs.C.Ramps，servicedesksandtoilets.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Morestudentswithdisabilitieshaveattendednormalschoolssince2013.B.Almostallstudentswithdisabilitiesenternormalschools.C.Oneoutoftwotoiletsisfriendlytodisabledpeople.2．（8分）OnNov.11，anAustraliahorse﹣ridergothurtafterhishorse"brokedown"duringahorseraceinHongKong.Theriderissafenow，buthishorse'sleginjury（伤）Thisisnotthefirsttimethatanimalshavebeenharmedbecauseofanimalentertainment﹣related（与娱乐相关的）sports.Forexample，about180（公牛）arekilledinbullfightsaroundtheworld，withmanymoreinjuredinbullfighteventseveryyear，acompanyresearchingthehuman﹣animalrelationship."Huntersshootmorethan800lionsinSouthAfrica，"reportedWorldAnimalProtection.However，somepeoplecometorealizehowbadlyanimalscanbehurtwhenbeingtrainedandusedforentertainmentpurposes.Tohelptheseanimals，animallovershavestartedmanyprotectionactivities.InJune，asmalltownlocatedinthewestoftheUS，stoppedallhorseracing.Performancesusinganimalshavebeenstoppedbymanycountriesaroundtheworldinrecentyears.Animalsplayanimportantpartinourlivesandaremorethantoolsforsportsandentertainment.Thehuman﹣animalconnectioncanbeseeninallkindsofplaces.Serviceanimalscanhelppeopleintheirjobsandanimalsarealsousedtohelpandcareforpeoplewithillnessesorwhohaveexperiencedbadaccidents."Wecanhaveoursports，drinks，livelypartiesandbeautifulhats—butwecanleavetheanimalsoutofit，journalistfromWorldAnimalProtection.（1）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2？A．Manypeoplehuntwildanimalsforfunorpersonaluse.B．Manyanimalsarehurtorevendieinanimalentertainment﹣relatedsports.C．Thenumberofbullsandlionsgoesdownquickly.（2）Whichofthefollowingcanhelpusimprovethehuman﹣animalrelationshipaccordingtothepassage？A．Notkeepinganimalsaspets.B．Makingnoanimalsworkforhumans.C．Stoppingharminganimalsforsports.（3）WhatdoesVoxthinkofanimalentertainment﹣relatedsports？A．Avoidable.B．Necessary.C．Careless.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage？A．HorsesGotInjuredinRacesB．AnimalsDietoEntertainUsC．AnimalsPerformedtoHaveFun3．（8分）OnMarch14，mathandscienceloversaroundtheworldcelebratedaspecialday：PiDay.Piisequaltoabout3.14，butthenumbergoesonendlessly.Itissometimeswrittenasπ.Withthehelpofcomputers（计算）Piouttooveratrilliondecimal（小数）places，evenforthemostfamousscientistsandmathematicians.PiDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldonMarch14，sincehowwewritethisdate，looksjustlikethenumberPi.Forsomepeople，theattractionofPiDaygoesfarbeyondmathandscience.Pishowsupthroughoutpopularculture.Youcanseeitinmovies，comics，anytimethefilmmakerwantstocreateasenseofmystery，oftenthesymbolPiisused.PeoplealsolovetryingtomemorizethedigitsofPiandcompetingagainstotherstoseewhocanrememberthemost.Mostteachersholdclassconteststoseehowmanynumberstheirstudentscanmemorize.TheWorldRecordforreciting（背诵）themostdigitsofPiisheldbyLvChaoofChina，whosuccessfullyrecitedPiouttonearly67Aboveall，PiDayisabouthavingfunwiththenumber.PeoplecelebratePiDaybyeatingorthrowingpieandwithfunpi﹣relatedgamesandactivities.Princeton，NewJersey，thepossibilitiesforPiDayaretrulyendless.（1）WhichdescriptionaboutPiisNOTcorrect？A.PiDayfallsonMarch14.B.PiwasfirstfoundinChina.C.ThenumberofPiisendless.（2）Inmodernmovies，Piisoftenusedto.A.standformathandscienceB.showsomethingmysteriousC.showgreatunderstandingoftheworld（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"digits"meaninParagraph3？A.小数点B.数量C.数字（4）Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？A.TointroducePiDaytous.B.ToencourageustorecitePi.C.ToshowtheimportanceofPi.第二节阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。4．（8分）Whatcomestomindwhenyouheartheword"instrument"？Theviolin，pianoorguitar？However，weallhaveaninstrumentthatwearebornwith—ourvoices.Myschoolchoral（合唱的）programstartedacappellagroup（无伴奏合唱团）.（1）Thebeatsandotherpartsofmusic，whichareusuallytakenupbyinstrumentslikedrums，piano，areallmadebythehumanvoice.Thegrouphasbeenmadeupofmanymusicallytalentedstudentseveryyear.（2）However，notallpeopleseechoralmusicinagoodway.Somemaythinkthatsingersarepeoplewhoarenotabletoplayareal"instrument".（3）Singersinthecappellagroupspendjustasmuchtimeontheirvoicesandhavealsoachievedgreatsuccess.Myschool'sHonorscappellagroupisfamousacrossthestate.Theyperformincitiesaroundthenationeveryyear.Itholdsitsownconcerts，winsnationalcompetitions，andevenbringsoutitsownmusicalbums（专辑），withsomehavingamazingsingingabilities，othersdoingcoolbeatboxing（节奏口技）（4）Andourvoicesarethemostenjoyableinstrumentthereis.A.Manystudentsinterviewforthispopulargroup，hopingtobecometheschool'snextrisingstar.B.Butthatisfarfromthetruth.C.Musicisaformofartinwhichalltypesofinstrumentscanjoinin.D.Thisisaspecialmusicalgroupthatproducessongssimplywiththeirvoices，withnootherinstrumentrequired!E.Singinggroupsgivestudentstheopportunitiestoshine.第三部分语言运用第一节↩阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。5．（15分）AChameleon（变色龙）ThepoliceofficerOtchumyeloviswalkingacrossthesquare.Hewearsanewcoat.Thereissilenceallaround."Soyoubite，youbeast（猛兽）？"someoneshouts（1）."Don'tlethergo!Holdher!Ah...ah!"Thereisthesoundofadogyelping（尖叫）.Otchumyelov（2）inthedirectionofthesoundandseesadogrunningoutofayard.Amanisrunning（3）her，andfinallycatchesher.Soon，acrowd（4）.HeseesHryukin，thegoldsmith（金匠），holdinghisrighthandintheairandshowingableedingfingertothecrowd.Thedogissittingontheground，with（5）andtearsinhereyes."What'sitallabout？"Otchumyelovasks."Iwasjustwalkingalonghere，yourhonour，andthislittlebeastfornoreason（6）myfinger...""Whatabaddog!"saysOtchumyelov，raisinghiseyebrows（眉毛）."Whosedogisit？Iwon'tletthispass!Imustgivetheownera（7）!Thedogmustbekilled，immediately!""Ithinkit'sGeneral's，"sayssomeoneinthecrowd."General's，em...it'sgettingquitehot!Itmustbeasignofrain..."Otchumyelov（8）hiscoat."There'sonethingIcan'tmakeout—howthedogcametobiteyou？Itcouldn'treachyourfinger.It'salittledog，andyouareatallman!"HerecomestheGeneral'scook，Otchumyelovaskshim，"Hi"Whatanidea!Wehave（9）hadonelikethat!""Em，thewind'sgettingup…"Otchumyelovputsonhiscoat."There'snoneedtowastetimetalkingaboutit...SinceProhorsaysit'snottheGeneral'sdog，itmustbean（10）dog.Itmustbekilled..."（1）A.quietlyB.slowlyC.suddenly（2）A.shoutsB.fallsC.looks（3）A.beforeB.afterC.with（4）A.crowdB.squareC.officer（5）A.cheerB.fearC.shame（6）A.bitB.kickedC.caught（7）A.coatB.presentC.lesson（8）A.takesoffB.turnsoffC.putsoff（9）A.everB.justC.never（10）A.unwantedB.understandingC.important第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。6．（10分）Teachersareoftenconsideredasengineersofthehumans.Butthere'sonepersoninChina（1）iscalledthe"teacherofteachers".BorninAnhuiprovince，China，in1891（哲学）undertheguidanceofJohnDewey，（2）AmericanphilosopherandeducatoratColumbiaUniversity，US，in1914.ButwhenTaoreturnedtoChinain1917andbeganhisowncareerasaneducator（3）（blind）.Headapted（调整）themtoimproveChina'seducationsystem.AfterdoingsurveysinBeijing，TianjinandShanghaiin1921，Taowas（4）（surprise）tolearnthattherateofilliteracy（文盲）inChinawentbeyond70percent.（5）（solve）theproblem，Taoorganizedyoungworkersandfarmerstostudywhileworking.Todeal（6）theshortageofteachersandmoney，in1927，TaosetupXiaozhuangNormalCollegetotrainteachersandeducators，hestartedthe"LittleTeacher"programinwhichyoungstudents（7）（encourage）toserveasteacherstoothers，eventothoseolderthanthemselves.UnderTao'sguidance，therewereover18，000"littleteachers"inShanghaiwithin10months.Later（8）（take）partinthisnationwideeducationevent.EveninthefightagainsttheJapaneseinvaders（侵略者），Taoneverforgot（9）（he）goal.HestartedYucaiMiddleSchoolinChongqingandofferedfreeeducationto（10）（child）inneed.MaybeTao'ssayingisthebestexplanationforhislife，"Givingawholeheart，yettakingnothinginreturn第四部分读写综合第一节↩阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。7．（10分）TheSydneyOperaHouseisoneofthemostfamousbuildingsinAustralia.Thissummerholiday，Igotthechancetovisititandfoundoutwhatmadethisbuildingsogreat.Asourguidetoldus，theSydneyOperaHousewasbuiltwithakindofself﹣cleaningmaterial.Thiskindofmaterialisveryrare（稀有的）eventoday.First，wevisitedtheDramaHall.WelearnedaboutthedesigneroftheSydneyOperaHouse—JornUtzon.Hewasthewinnerofaninternationaldesigncompetition.However，hedesignedtheOperaHouseaccordingtohisowntastes（预算）.Utzondidn'tgettoseethehouseafteritwasbuilt.Then，wevisitedtheJoanSutherlandTheaterwhichisthesecondlargesttheater.Thetheaterwasrefurbished（翻新）in2017withnewhigh﹣techequipment（设备），wearrivedatthelargesttheater—theConcertHall.Ithashostedmanykindsofperformances，fromclassicaltorockmusic.AfewyearsagoBeforewefinishedthetour，theguidetoldustherestofUtzon'sstory.In1966，Utzonhadanargumentwiththegovernmentandrefusedtogivein.Hehadtoleavethecountry.Itwasahardtimeinhislife.ButmanyyearslaterFromthistour，IlearnedthattheOperaHouseisnotonlyafamousbuildingbutaholderofhistoryandculture.（1）WhatwastheSydneyOperaHousebuiltwith？（2）DidtheSydneyOperaHousecostmorethanitwasexpected？（3）WhenwastheJoanSutherlandTheaterrefurbished？（4）WhydidJornUtzonleaveAustralia？（5）HowdoesthewriterliketheSydneyOperaHouse？第二节（8．（15分）学校英文报正在以"Importantlifeskillsforteens"为题开展征文活动。请你结合下面的图示，写一篇短文投稿，描述青少年应具备的两项重要生活技能要求：（1）短文必须包含图示中的所有要点，可适当发挥；（2）80词左右（标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）；（3）文中不得出现真实人名和校名。ImportantlifeskillsforteensThoughscoringgoodgradesisimportant，teensshouldalsodevelopothernecessarylifeskills.________

2024年湖南省长沙市长郡集团中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．【分析】本文主要讲述了中国努力帮助残疾人生活得更好.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格第1行"CHINA'SEFFORTSTOHELPTHEDISABLED"（中国帮助残疾人的努力）可知，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据表格第2行左侧"Barrier﹣free（无障碍）environmentasoftheendof2021：●56.58percentofservicedesks，无障碍环境：●81.05%的进出建筑物和服务场所的坡道●56.58%的服务台●38.66%的厕所）可知、服务台和厕所等设施。（3）细节理解题。根据表格第7行右侧中图片2023和2013可知，更多残疾学生能够进入学校。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。2．【分析】文章主要介绍了因为与动物娱乐相关的运动而受到伤害的动物数量较大，为了保护动物，动物爱好者发起了许多活动，这些活动似乎正在起作用；动物在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色，文章呼吁我们爱护动物。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Thisnotfirstthathaveharmedofentertainment﹣related（与娱乐相关的）example180bulls（公牛）killedbullfightsthe，withmoreineventsyeartoSociety，acompanytherelationship.shootthanlionsSouth，"reportedAnimal。例如，全世界约有18万头公牛在斗牛中丧生。世界动物保护组织报告称："猎人在南非射杀了800多只狮子，从第二段我们能知道许多动物在与动物娱乐相关的运动中受伤甚至死亡。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段，somecomerealizebadlycanhurtbeingandforpurposes.Tothese，animalhavemanyactivities.In，Churchill，asmalllocatedtheofUSallracing.Performancesanimalsbeenbycountriestheinyears.（然而。为了帮助这些动物。6月。近年来。）可知，停止为了运动而伤害动物可以帮助我们改善人与动物的关系。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Animalsanpartourandmoretoolssportsentertainment.Theconnectionbeinkindsplaces.Servicecanpeopletheirandareusedhelpcarepeopleillnesseswhoexperiencedaccidents."Wehavesports，livelyandhats—butcantheoutitVoxfromAnimal，它们不仅仅是运动和娱乐的工具。服务性动物可以帮助人们工作。世界动物保护组织的记者沃克斯报道说："我们可以运动、举行热闹的聚会和戴漂亮的帽子——但我们不能把动物排除在外，沃克斯认为与动物娱乐相关的运动可以避免。（4）标题归纳题。通读全文Nov.11Australiagotafterhorsedown"ahorseinKong.Theisnowhislegleditsoffaatspeedabigofcanit'srider'stopartthewhatthe？（11月11日。骑手现在安全了。高速从马上摔下来有很大的受伤风险。但是那些马呢，文章的最佳标题应是"动物为了使我们娱乐而死"。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。3．【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍PiDay，讲了符号Pi的意思，在其他地方所代表的含义，以及在这一天人们会举办的活动等。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"On14andloversthecelebratedaday：Pi，世界各地的数学和科学爱好者庆祝了一个特殊的日子：圆周率日，PiDay在3月14日isto5.14thegoesendlessly."（Pi大约等于3.14。）可知；文章并没有说Pi是在哪里发现的。（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"InmoviestimefilmmakertoasensemysterythePiused."（在现代电影中，通常都会使用符号Pi，在现代电影中。故选B。（3）词义猜测题。根据第8段"Mostholdcontestsseemanytheircan，看看学生能记住多少数字，digits指的是数字。（4）主旨大意题。通读文章可知。故选A。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。第二节阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。4．【分析】本文主要讲述了我们的声音是我们天生的乐器。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据下文Theandpartsmusicaretakenbylike，pianoguitarallbyhuman，钢琴或吉他演奏的音乐的其它部分。）可知此处介绍这个无伴奏合唱团没有乐器，所有声音都是人声发出的！"符合题意。（2）细节推理题。根据上文Thehasmadeofmusicallystudentsyear.。）可知此处介绍乐队成员是学生。"符合题意。（3）细节推理题。根据上文Somethinksingerspeopleareableplaya。）和下文Singersthegroupjustmuchonvoiceshaveachievedsuccess.（无伴奏合唱团的歌手在训练他们的声音上花费很长时间。）可知此处表示这种说法是错误的。"符合题意。（4）细节推理题。根据下文Andvoicestheenjoyablethere。）可知此处介绍我们的声音是最好的乐器。"符合题意。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。第三部分语言运用第一节↩阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。5．【分析】本文是节选自小说《变色龙》的内容。主要讲述了巡警Otchumyelov的虚伪逢迎，当他以为小狗是无家可归时，他扬言要弄死它，当他听说狗主人是将军时，他又变成了另外一副模样。【解答】（1）考查副词。句意："所以你咬人？"有人大喊大叫；slowly缓慢地。根据"Sobitebeast？"（所以你咬人？）可知，故选C。（2）考查动词。句意：奥丘姆耶洛夫朝声音传来的方向望去。shouts大叫；looks看theofsound"（在声音的方向）可知，故选C。（3）考查连词。句意：一个男人在追她。before在……之前；with和finallyher"（终于抓住了她）可知，故选B。（4）考查名词。句意：奥丘米洛夫走向人群；square广场。根据"Soon，a，isroundyard."（很快。）可知，故选A。（5）考查名词。句意：那只狗坐在地上，眼里含着恐惧和泪水；fear害怕。根据"tearsher，狗很害怕。（6）考查动词。句意：法官大人，这只小野兽无缘无故咬了我的手指……bit咬；caught抓住you，狗咬了手指。（7）考查名词。句意：我必须给狗主人一个教训；present礼物。根据"Themustkilled"（这只狗必须杀掉）可知，故选C。（8）考查动词短语。句意：奥丘姆米洛夫脱下外衣off脱下off关掉off推迟gettinghot"（天气越来越热了）可知，所以脱下外套。（9）考查副词。句意：我们从来没有过这样的狗；just仅仅。根据"SincesaysnotGeneral's，没有这样的狗。（10）考查形容词。句意：既然普罗霍说它不是将军的狗。unwanted不想要的；important重要的mustkilled"（必须杀死它）可知，故选A。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。6．【分析】本文讲述了陶行知为中国教育所作出的努力。【解答】（1）考查关系代词。句意：但是在中国有一个人被称为"老师们的老师"，可知本句为定语从句，从句缺主语。故填who/that。（2）考查冠词。句意：陶1891年出生于中国安徽省，在一名美国哥伦比亚大学的哲学家和教育家约翰•杜威的指导下学习教育哲学，可知泛指一名美国哥伦比亚大学的哲学家和教育家，故用不定冠词an。（3）考查副词。句意：但当陶于1917年回到中国并开始自己的教育生涯时。根据句子。故填blindly。（4）考查形容词。句意：1921年、天津和上