人教版必修5-Unit1Grammar课件

GrammarPart6过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语[观察]仔细观察下列几组句子中过去分词的用法,然后加以总结。1.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.2.Somanythousandsof

terrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak..3.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpolluted

watercarriedthevirus.4.Isthereanyoneinjured?1.过去分词作定语时,表示动作在___________之前发生,已经完成并往往具有______的意思(见例句3)。此时,作定语的过去分词一般是由______动词变来的,因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。[总结]及物动作谓语被动一、过去分词作定语

1.前置定语归纳1：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词_______。之前单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980.3.过去分词作定语位置apicturepaintedbyLeonardodaVinciawomandressedinwhite2.过去分词短语作定语：通常_____，其作用相当于定语从句。1)It’sapicture_______________paintedbyLeonardodaVinci2)Therewasawoman____________dressedinwhitethat/whichwasthat/whowas后置单个过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those

等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.教育定语

→Theinjuredboy

cannottakepartinthesportsmeet.AllbookswhichwereborrowedfromthelibraryshouldbereturnedbyFriday.Example

Theboywhoisinjuredcannottakepartinthesportsmeet.→Allbooksborrowedfromthelibrary

shouldbereturnedbyFriday.位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想感情等。相当于形容词1.Theyareexcited.2.Helookedworriedafterreadingthe

letter.3.Whenweheardofthis,weweredeeplymoved.二.过去分词作表语系动词的分类：“似乎类”：“感觉类”：

“变成类”：“仍然类”：基本形式：Be(am,is,are)seem,appear,lookfeel,sound,smell,tastebecome,go,get,grow,fall,turnremain,stay,keep4.过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.状态动作动作状态[辨析]:

过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：前者表示主语的状态和特征,可被very修饰;而后者则表示动作,不能被程度副词very修饰。试比较：

MissGreenwasverypleasedwiththedishwhichwascookedbyherself.(wasverypleased)是系表结构;而wascooked是被动语态,表动作,不能把very放在cooked之前。

过去分词作表语与动词-ing作表语的区别：过去分词作表语,表示被动或完成,有时表示主语(人)所处的心理状态;而动词-ing作表语,表示主动或进行。如：Mr.Smithwasverytiredofthespeechthatwasboring.[辨析]:同步作业一、单句填空

1.Withthegovernment’said,those________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.2.Thetrees_______(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.blownaffected3.Therewasnobody_______(injury).4.Mostoftheartists_______(invite)tothepartywerefromShanghai.5.Globalwarming,onceadistantthreat,isbecominga___________realityandpeopleinsomepartsoftheworldarereally__________(frighten).frightenedinjuredinvitedfrightening6.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget_________(change)beforetheparty.7.IhadtoborrowapenfromJack,forminewas_____(lose).lostchanged8.Theyarecleaningthe______(fall)leavesintheyard.9.Hefeltvery_________whenheheardthe_____________result.(disappoint)10.Sheremained__________(marry)allherlifeandlivedalonelylife.unmarriedfallendisappointeddisappointing二、语篇填空用

Thereisnodoubtthatthe21stcenturywillbemarkedbyaburstofnewscienceandtechnologysuchascloning(克隆)andtheInternetfillsourheartwithdelightaswellasawe.Futuredevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywillbringuswithbothbenefitsandproblems.1______(be)sure,wehumanbeingswillenjoythefruitof2_________(advance)scienceandtechnology.3__________(consider)thecaseofcloning.解析：1.tobesure诚然。解析：2.过去分词advanced当前置定语,“先进的”。解析：3.此处应构成一个祈使句,引出下文,故填动词原形。TobeadvancedConsiderItopensmany4_______(excite)possibilities,fromsaving5_________(endanger)animalspeciesto6________(produce)organsfo