高中英语译林版必修4Unit3Section3

Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thefunction(功能)oftheheartistosendbloodroundthebody.2．Iconstantlyconductmarketresearchtomonitor(监视)ourpetitors.3．Thechief(主要的)ideaofthisprojectwastomaximizeprofits.4．Ifyouaddtoomuchliquid(液体),themixturewillnotbethickenough.5．Idon'twanttoaccuse(控告)heroftellinglies,butIwon'tforgiveher.6．Thesoundofthecheeringfaded(逐渐消失)inthedistance.Ⅱ.拓展词汇7．electricadj.电的，电动的→electricaladj.与电有关的→electricityn．电8．editorn．编辑→editv．编辑→editionn．版次，版本9．constantadj.连续发生的，不断的；恒定的→constantlyadv.经常地，不断地10．printern．打印机；印刷厂；印刷工人→printv．印刷11．importancen．重要性→importantadj.重要的[巧记单词]例词规律派生词print＋­er→printerv.＋­er→n.electric＋­ity→electricityadj.＋­ity→n.Ⅲ.补全短语1．setup创办，建立，创立2．endin以……结束3．getchanged换衣服4．beaccusedof被控告犯有……罪5．lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的6．concentrateon全神贯注于……7．lookinto调查8．closedown关闭，使停业，使倒闭9．inone'sopinion据……来看，在某人看来10．inworsecondition状态或身体更糟1．[教材原句]Hemanagedtokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeksusingonlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand.只用了两个陶土罐和一些湿沙子他就将水果和蔬菜保鲜达三个星期。[句型点拨]keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语，表示“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。[佳句赏析]Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.如果你觉得手冷，就把它们放在口袋里。2．[教材原句]Thiscouldbeofgreatbenefittopeopleandwillberesearchedfurther.这会对人们有益并将被进一步研究。[句型点拨]beof＋n.＝be＋adj.。[佳句赏析]Thenewregulationswillbeofgreatbenefittousall.新规章对我们大家都会有好处。3．[教材原句]Inmyopinion,itisabouttimewehadnewputers.依我看，我们应该有新的电脑了。[句型点拨]Itis(high/about)time(that)...句型。[佳句赏析]It'shightimetheytookyouseriouslyandtheyknowit.到了他们认真对待你的时候了，他们应该清楚这一点。1．(教材P49)TheElectricWearpanyhasdevelopedanewsmartjacketthisyear.电子服装公司今年已经开发出一款新颖的时髦夹克。electricadj.电的，电动的①Igotanelectricshockfromthewire.我被这根电线电击了一下。②Mr.Wanghasasmartson,wholikeselectrictoys.王先生有一个聪明的儿子，他喜欢电动玩具。[辨析比较]electric指以电为动力进行工作的(装置)electrical指关于电的知识或电的研究内容electronic指与电子有关的(电子器件的，电子设备的)选择上述单词填空①Heburiedhimselfinanelectricalbook.②Withthiselectricblanket,thegrandpawon'tfeelcoldinwinter.③Ineedanelectroniccalculatortoworkoutthismathproblem.2．(教材P49)Lastbutnotleast,ithasbeenannouncedthatanewkindofwashingmachinehasbeendeveloped.最后但同样重要的是，据宣布一种新的洗衣机已经被开发出来了。lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的①Lastbutnotleast,I'dliketothankallofmyfriends,whohavedonetheirbesttohelpme.最后但同样重要的是，我要感谢我所有的朋友，他们尽最大努力帮助了我。(1)lastofall最后(一点)lastbutone倒数第二(2)at(the)least至少notintheleast一点也不leastofall(多者之中)尤其(多用于否定句)②Youmustatleastbehonest.无论如何，你都必须诚实。③Weregrettosaythatyourofferisnot_in_the_leastencouraging.我方很遗憾地认为，贵方的报价一点都不令人振奋。④Idon'tlikerainorstorms,andleastofallthunder.我不喜欢下雨和暴风雨，尤其不喜欢打雷。3．(教材P51)MusicindustryaccusesFanningofpiracy音乐产业指控Fanning盗版accusevt.控诉，控告；谴责eq\x(accusesb.ofdoingsth.控告某人做了某事)①Dootherpeopleaccuseyouofbeingself­centered?别人指责你太以自我为中心吗？②Thedoctorwasaccusedofnegligence.这个医生因玩忽职守而受到控诉。[辨析比较]单词用法搭配accuse普通用词，正式或非正式场合，私人或法律上均可用，被指控的情节可轻可重accusesb.of(doing)sth.charge常与accuse换用，但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行，而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉chargesb.with(doing)sth.选择上述单词填空①Atthepolicestationhewasformallychargedwithmurder.②Heaccusedhisbossofhavingbrokenhisword.4．(教材P51)In2001Fanning'sdreamfinallybegantofade.在2001年，Fanning的梦想终于开始破灭。fadevi.逐渐消失；(使)变淡，褪色；走下坡路，衰落①Tom'spanybegantofadebecauseofthefinancialcrisis.汤姆的公司由于金融危机开始走下坡路。②Thecolorfadeswhenexposedtolight.这颜色曝光后会褪色。fadeaway逐渐消失，逐渐衰弱fadeout(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡fadein(电影画面或广播声音)渐现，淡入③She'sfadingawaydaybydaybecauseofillness.由于疾病，她的身体日渐衰弱。④Theclosingmusicfades_outwhentheheroridesoffintothesunset.当男主角策马向夕阳驰去时，尾声音乐逐渐消失。5．(教材P53)Also,weneedtobuynewkeyboards,mousesandmonitors,becausemanyofthekeyboardshavelettersmissingandsomemousesandmonitorsarenotfunctioningproperly.我们必须去买一些新的键盘、鼠标和显示器，因为许多键盘都缺失了字母并且一些鼠标和显示器不能正常运行了。functionvi.起作用，正常运转n．作用，功能，职能①Heplainedtousthatthisprinterdidn'tfunctionatall.他向我们抱怨这台打印机根本不能用。performafunction发挥功能，起作用functionassb./sth.起……作用；具有……功能②Theseservicesarereusedandperformabusinessfunction这些服务被重新使用并执行业务功能。③Thefarmfunctions_asaskiresortinwinter.那个农场在冬天可作为滑雪胜地。6．Hemanagedtokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeksusingonlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand.只用了两个陶土罐和一些湿沙子他就将水果和蔬菜保鲜达三个星期。句中谓语managed后接不定式(tokeepfruitandvegetablesfreshforthreeweeksusingonlytwoclaypotsandsomewetsand)作宾语，该不定式中keep为实义动词，后接复合宾语(宾语fruitandvegetables＋宾语补足语fresh)。“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”表示“使某人或某物处于某种状态”：(1)keep＋宾语＋形容词①Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed.班上的其他学生闭上了眼睛。(2)keep＋宾语＋现在分词(宾语与宾补之间为主动关系)②I'msorrytohavekept_you_waitingforsuchalongtime.很抱歉，让你久等了。(3)keep＋宾语＋过去分词(宾语与宾补之间为被动关系)③Hepromisedtokeepusinformedofhowwellthepanywenton.他答应让我们了解公司的运转情况。(4)keep＋宾语＋介词短语④Theymustkeeptheirhandsbehindtheirbacks.他们必须把手放在背后。7．Inmyopinion,itisabouttimewehadnewputers.依我看，我们应该有新的电脑了。It's(high/about)time(that)...是常用句型，意为“(早)该……了”，从句中的谓语常用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should一般不省略。①It'shightimewestopped/shouldstoptreatinghimlikeachild.我们不该再把他当小孩子看待了。②It'sabouttimethatwesaved/should_save(save)theearth—ourhome.到了我们拯救地球——我们的家园的时候了。(1)Itistime(forsb.)todosth.到了(某人)做某事的时间了。Itistimeforsth.该做某事了。(2)It/This/Thatis/was＋thefirst/second...time(that)某人第几次做……(当前面be动词是is或willbe时，后面从句用现在完成时；当前面be动词是was时，后面从句用过去完成时。)③It'stimeforustogetdowntowork.我们该着手工作了。④ItisthesecondtimethatIhave_seen(see)thisfilm.这是我第二次看这部电影。Ⅰ.单项填空1．Inhotweather,weoftenmeetwith________problems.A．electricB．electricalC．electronicD．electricity解析：选B句意：在炎热的天气里，我们常常碰到电力问题。electrical“有关电的，电力方面的”，符合题意。2．Yournaturalhaircolorbeginsto________asyougrowolder,andeventuallyitgoesgrey.A．loseB．disappearC．fadeD．survive解析：选C考查动词辨析。句意：当你变老的时候，你的自然发色开始褪色，最终全部变成灰色。fade表示“褪色”，符合句意。3．Wehavetalkedaboutseveralwaystobehappy.________，tryyourbesttohelpasmanypeopleaspossible.Rememberthattruehappinessesfromhelpingothers.A．AtfirstB．OverandoveragainC．LastbutnotleastD．Atthesametime解析：选C句意：我们已谈论了几种幸福的方式。最后但同等重要的是，尽力帮助更多的人。请牢记：真正的幸福来源于帮助他人。lastbutnotleast“最后但同等重要的”，符合题意。atfirst“起初”；overandoveragain“反复不断地”；atthesametime“同时”。4．Hisneighbor________himofplayingthemusicalinstrumenttooloudly,forwhichhehadtoapologize.A．accusedB．chargedC．scoldedD．blamed解析：选A考查动词辨析。句意：他的邻居控告他弹奏乐器的声音太大，为此他必须道歉。accusesb.ofsth.＝chargesb.withsth.意为“控告某人某事”；scold“训斥”，常用scoldsb.forsth.意为“因某事训斥某人”；blame“责备”，常用blamesb.forsth.＝blamesth.onsb.意为“把某事归咎于某人”。5．Surelyitdoesn'tmatterwherethestudentassociationsgettheirmoneyfrom；what________isthattheydowithit.A．mattersB．appliesC．stressesD．functions解析：选A语境表示“重要的是他们是如何处理这些钱”。matter表示“重要”，符合句意。apply“应用”；stress“强调”；function“起作用”。6．Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathe________somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A．willdoB．hasdoneC．doD．did解析：选D考查动词时态。在句型“It'shightimethat...”中，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should不可省略，所以选D项。7．Althoughwehadtoldthemnottokeepus________，theymadenoattempttospeedupdeliveries.A．towaitB．waitingC．waitedD．wait解析：选B考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意：虽然我们已经告诉他们不要让我们等，但是他们没有试图加快发货速度。在“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语us与动词wait之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。Ⅱ.完成句子1．国际金融危机的影响正逐渐减弱。Effectoftheinternationalfinancialcrisisis_fading_away.2．司机被控告违反了交通法规。Thedriverwas_accused_ofbreakingthetrafficrules.3．如果你不给机器好好加油的话，它就不会正常运转。Themachinewon't_function_properlyifyoudon'toilitwell.4．我假装已经忘记了那件事，好像它不很重要一样。IpretendedIhadforgottentheincident,asifitwerenotofchief_importance.5．按一下电源开关，机器就会立刻转动起来。Press_the_electric_switch,_andthemachinecanstarttorunatonce.Ⅲ.语境翻译新政府打算建(setup)一个新的大发电(electric)站，他们已经在电视上宣布了这个想法。但是很多人不同意政府的做法，他们指责(accuse)说它会花费太多的钱并且已经有了很多像它一样的发电站，所以它的功能(function)不能完全体现。所有人的注意力都集中(concentrateon)在了它的身上。到了我们采取措施的时候(It'stimethat...)了。Thenewgovernmentisgoingtosetupabignewelectricstation,andtheyhaveannouncedthisideaontheTV.Butmanypeopledisagreewithit.Theyaccusethatitwillcosttoomuchmoneyandtherearealreadyalotofelectricstationslikeit.Soitcan'tfunctionpletely.Allpeople'sattentionconcentratesonit.It'stimethatwedidsomethingaboutit.[对应学生课下能力提升(十)]Ⅰ.单项填空1．Gradually,allthebadmemoryofhardtimes________fromtheoldman'smind.A．fadedB．lostC．confirmedD．concerned解析：选A句意：慢慢地，所有困难时期的糟糕回忆都从那位老人心里消失了。fade在此意为“逐渐消失”。2．It'shightimethegovernment________measurestohelpthegraduates.A．takesB．tookC．willtakeD．hastaken解析：选B考查虚拟语气。句意：是政府该采取措施帮助大学毕业生的时候了。Itis(about/high)time(that)＋主语＋did/shoulddo为固定句型，表示“该做某事的时候了”。3．Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes________.A．openB．tobeopenedC．toopenD．opening解析：选A考查“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，形容词open作宾补。4．Thebroadcastingstation________thatatyphoonwasapproaching.A．declaredB．announcedC．printedD．stated解析：选B考查动词词义辨析。句意：广播电台宣布台风即将到来。由语境可知答案为B，announce表示“宣布，通知(公众关心之事)”。5．Asiswellknown,thebrainperformsaveryimportant________，whichcontrolsthenervesystemofthebody.A．motionB．actionC．functionD．fact解析：选C句意：众所周知，大脑执行着非常重要的功能，它控制着身体的神经系统。function“功能”，符合句意。motion“动作”；action“行为”；fact“事实”。6．Iwishourgovernmentcould________morefreeWiFispotswherewecanaccesstheInternetonourphone.A．holdupB．keepupC．setupD．takeup解析：选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望我们的政府能够设立更多的免费的无线网络点，在这里我们可以用我们的访问互联网。holdup“支撑，阻碍”；keepup“跟上，使不落后”；setup“建立，设立”；takeup“开始从事，占据”。根据句意可知应该选择C项。7．ThereistoomuchnoiseoutsidethatIcan't________myattentiononmywork.A．fillB．connectC．concentrateD．fasten解析：选C考查动词词义辨析。句意：外边噪音如此之多以至于我不能集中注意力在工作上。concentrate...on“把……集中在……上”。8．He________of________hehadsaidatthemeeting.A．wasaccused;thatB．wasaccused;whatC．wascharged;whatD．wascharged;that解析：选B考查动词搭配和名词性从句。accusesb.ofsth.“指控某人某事”；chargesb.withsth.“指控某人某事”。what引导宾语从句，并作said的宾语。故选B项。9．Joiningthefirmasaclerk,hegotrapidpromotion,and________asamanager.A．endedupB．droppedoutC．camebackD．startedoff解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名公司职员，他迅速得到提升，最后成为一名经理。endupas“最终成为”；dropout“退出，脱离”；eback“返回”；startoff“进行开展起来，一开始是”。10．________，wemustthankourhostforhishospitality.A．LastbutnotleastB．NotintheleastC．AtleastD．Leastofall解析：选A句意：最后但同样重要的是，我们得感谢主人的热情好客。lastbutnotleast“最后但同样重要的”；notintheleast“绝对不，一点也不”；atleast“至少”；leastofall“尤其(多用于否定句)”。Ⅱ.阅读理解ADraytonManorintheUKfirstopeneditsgatestothepublicinOctober,1949,asaninlandpleasureresortandwasoriginallyjustanormalparkwithtearooms,boatridesandapet'scorner.SincethenithasgrowntobeetheUK'sleadingfamily­runthemeparkandthefourthmostpopularthemeparkintheUK.Thepark'smottois“FamilyRunforFamilyRun”．DraytonManorThemeParkstandsinanareaof280acresandboasts36ridesintotal,including4rollercoastersand3waterrides.Withintheparkisa15­acrezoowhichhousesover100speciesofanimals.DraytonManorisproudtobethefirstintheworldforsomeofitsrides.Forinstance,theApocalypseistheworld'sfirststand­uptowerdroprideandGForceistheworld'sfirstXCarCoaster(apartfromitsoriginaldesigninGermany)．IfyoufancyacampingholidayatDraytonManor,thereisa75­pitchcampingandcaravan(宿营拖车)sitewithonsitefacilitiessuchastoilets,showers(forthedisabled,too),andsecurity.Notonlyareyousituatedontheparkitself,butyouarealsoclosetoalargenumberofotherlocalattractionsandfacilities.AdayatDraytonManorisfunforallthefamily.Unfortunately,thereareheightrestrictionsonsomeoftherides.Childrenover1.4mcanrideonalltheridesbythemselves.Childrenbetween1.4mand1mmustbeacpaniedbyanadulttoenjoysomerides.Thereareseveralrideswhichchildrenshorterthan1marenotallowedtorideon.Therearenumerousplacestoeatanddrink,soyouwillneverneedtogohungry.AndforthesmallerchildrenatDraytonManor,thereisRobinson'sLandwhichhadsomebigeventshappeningin2010.Allinall,DraytonManorhassomethingforthewholefamilyandiswellworthafamilydaytripthissummer.Foropeningtimesandticketprices,checkoutDraytonManorHomePage.eq\x(语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一个英国著名的主题公园。)1．What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheZooatDraytonManorB．AFamilyDayTriptoDraytonManorC．TheFirstXCarCoasterintheWorldD．DraytonManor—aPopularThemeParkintheUK解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文，本文主要是介绍英国的一个大众喜爱的主题公园，故选D。2．IfPeter(1.5m),Harry(1.2m)andJack(0.8m)gotovisitDraytonManor,________.A．PetercannotrideonalltheridesbyhimselfB．JackcantakealltheridesifheisacpaniedbyhisparentsC．HarryhastobeacpaniedbyhisparentsonsomeridesD．theyhavetobringwaterandfoodiftheydon'twanttogohungry解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段的“Childrenover1.4mcanrideonalltheridesbythemselves.Childrenbetween1.4mand1mmustbeacpaniedbyanadulttoenjoysomerides.Thereareseveralrideswhichchildrenshorterthan1marenotallowedtorideon.”可知A、B两项不正确，C项正确；根据“Therearenumerousplacestoeatanddrink,soyouwillneverneedtogohungry.”可知D项错误。3．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A．therearenocampingsitesatDraytonManorB．DraytonManorisveryconsideratewhendesigningitscampingsiteC．therearenolocalattractionsandfacilitiesaroundDraytonManorD．Robinson'sLandisspeciallydesignedfordisabledpeople解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“(forthedisabled,too)”部分可知，DraytonManor在设计宿营地时考虑到了残疾人，可见其考虑周全。4．Youaremostlikelytofindthepassageina________.A．biologytextbookB．travelbrochureC．healthreportD．fashionsurvey解析：选B文章出处题。通读全文可知本文主要是介绍英国的一个主题公园，最有可能出现在旅游小册子上，故选B。BDearchild，It'stimeforyoutoflyindependentlynow.IhaveseenyougrowsomuchandIfeelhappy.Remembertoshareyourblessings(祝福)withothers.Sharingisasimportantasappreciation.Themoreyougiveout,themoreyoureceivebackinreturn.BeforeIleave,Iwantyoutokeepthisonesentenceinyourhead:there_is_no_one_out_there_but_yourself.Everythingisthereflection(反映)ofourinnerworld.It'slikeamirror.Therefore,ifthereisanythingoutsidehurtingyou,lookbackfromyourinsideandfindtheoldscar(伤疤).Donotwasteyourtimeonsomethingoutsidethatyoucan'tchange.Concentrateyourenergyonorganizingandbalancingyourinnerspacefirst.Thenputyoureffortintosomethingoutsidethatcanbechanged.Keepinmind:someincidentthathappensinourlifeismeanttobeagift.Itoftenappearstohaveanuglyoutlookthatmakesusfeelscared.So,adisastercouldbeagift.Ifyoukeepyourfaith,giveitsometime,andcarefullyopenyourspecialuglygiftwithpatience,youmightenjoyitsbeauty.Anditwasspeciallydesignedonlyforyou.Manyblessingstoyou,mychild.WhenLorrainefinishedreadingthisletter,herfacewasfulloftears.As