21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册unit2省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖课件

TheTitanicPuzzle21stCenturyCollegeEnglish:Book3Unit2:PartA1/99LanguagePointsTheTitanicPuzzle

Shouldagoodfeministacceptpriorityseatingonalifeboat?

ByCharlesKrauthammer1

You'reontheTitanicII.Ithasjusthitanicebergandissinking.And,aslasttime,therearenotenoughlifeboats.Thecaptainshouts,“Womenandchildrenfirst!”Butthistime,anothervoiceisheard:“Whywomen?”2/99LanguagePoints2 Why,indeed?PartofthecharmofthesuccessfulmovieTitanicaretheperiodcostumes,theperiodextravagance,andtheperiodprejudices.Anaudiencecanenjoytheseatadistance.Oddly,however,ofalltheperiodattitudesinthefilm,theoldmaritimetraditionof“womenandchildrenfirst”enjoystotalacceptancebymodernaudiences.Listentotheaudiencebooatthebadguyswhotrytosneakonthelifeboatswith—oraheadof—theladies.3/99LanguagePoints3

Butisnotgroupingwomenwithchildrenaraginganachronism?Shouldnotanyself-respectingmodernperson,letalonefeminist,objecttoitasinsultingtowomen?4 Yetitsusageisascommontodayasitwasin1912.Considertheseexamplestakenalmostatrandomfromrecentnewspapers:5

“TheinvadersgunneddowntheIndians,mostofthemwomenandchildren...”6

“Asmanyas200civilians,mostofthemwomenandchildren,werekilled...”4/99LanguagePoints7

“AtthemassacreinAhmici103Muslims,including33womenandchildren,werekilled...”8 Atatimewhenwomenflycombataircraftandrunmulti-nationalcorporations,howcanonenotwincewhenadultwomenareroutinelyclassedwithchildren?InAhmici,itseems,70adultmenwerekilled.Andhowmanyadultwomen?Notclear.Whenthingsgetserious,whenbloodstartstofloworshipsstarttosink,you'llfindthemwiththechildren.5/99LanguagePoints9

Childrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationfortworeasons:helplessnessandinnocence.Theyhavenotyetacquiredeitherthefacultyofreasonorthewisdomofexperience.Consequently,theyaredefenseless(incapableoffendingforthemselves)andblameless(incapableofrealsin).That'swhywegrantthemspecialprotection.Inanemergency,itisourdutytosavethemfirstbecausethey,helpless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands.Andinwartime,theyaresupposedtobeprotectedbyspecialimmunitybecausetheycanhavethreatenedoroffendednoone.6/99LanguagePoints10

Thephrase“womenandchildren”attributestowomenthesamedependenceandmoralsimplicitywefindinfive-year-olds.Suchanattitudeperhapsmadesenseinaneradominatedbymaleprivilege.Giventhedisabilitiesattachedtowomanhoodin1912,itwasonlyfairthatanewstandardofgenderequalitynotsuddenlybeproclaimedjustaslifeboatseatswerebeinghandedout.Thatdeference—asomewhatmoreurgentvariationongivingupyourseatonthebustoawoman—complementedandperhapstosomeextentcompensatedforthelegalandsocialconstraintsplacedonwomenatthetime.7/99LanguagePoints11 Butinoureraofextensivesocialrestructuringtograntwomenequalityineducation,inemployment,ingovernment,inathletics,whatentitleswomentotheprivileges—andreducesthemtothestatus—ofchildren?12 Evolutionarypsychologistsmightsaythatladies-to-the-lifeboatsisaninstinctthatdevelopedtoperpetuatethespecies:Womenareindispensablechild-bearers.Youcanrepopulateavillageifthewomensurviveandonlyafewofthemen,butnotifthemensurviveandonlyafewofthewomen.Womenbeingmoreprecious,biologicallyspeaking,thanmen,evolutionhasconditionedustogivethemthekindoflife-protectingdeferencewegivetothatotherseedofthefuture:kids.8/99LanguagePoints13 Theproblemwiththiskindoflogic,however,isitsdepressingreductionism.It'slikeaseriousversionofthegeneticist'soldjokethatachickenisjustanegg'swayofmakinganotheregg.Buthumansaremorethanjustegg-layers.Andtraditionalcourtesiesaremorethanjustdisguisedsurvivalstrategies.Sowhydowesay“womenandchildren”?14

Perhapsit'sreally“womenforchildren.”Themostbasicparentalbondismaternal.Equalparentingisgreat,butwomen,frombreasttocradletoreassuringhug,cannurtureinwaysthatmencannot.Andthus,becausewevaluechildren,womenshouldgosecond.Thechildrenneedthem.9/99LanguagePoints15

Butkiddie-centrismgetsyouonlysofar.Whatiftherearenochildrenonboard?YouareontheTitanicIII,andthistimeit'sasinglescruise.Nokids,noparents.Now:Iceberg!Lifeboats!Action!16 Here'smyscenario.Themen,outofsheerirrationalheroism,shouldletthewomengofirst.Andthewomen,outofsheerfeministself-respect,shouldrefuse.17 Result?Stalemate.Howdoesthismovieend?Howshoulditend?Hurry,theship'sgoingdown.10/99Paraphrase ?Key— SupposeyoufindyourselfinasimilarsituationtothatoftheTitanic.MoretolearnYou'reontheTitanicII.11/99At2:20AMonApril15,1912,theTitanic,thentheworld'slargestandmostluxuriousoceanliner,disappearedintotheicydepthsoftheNorthAtlantic.Withhershetookthelivesofsome1,500men,women,andchildren—morecasualtiesthaninanyothermarinedisasterinpeacetimehistory.Manymovieswereshotaboutthisevent,buttheonethatcameoutin1998wasthebiggesthit.Text-relatedinformationtheTitanicII12/99theperiodcostumes,theperiodextravagance,andtheperiodprejudicesParaphrasing

?Key— thecostumes,theextravagance,andtheprejudicesof thattimeinhistoryMoretolearn13/99theperiodcostumes,theperiodextravagance,andtheperiodprejudicesExamples

periodfurnitureaperiodcottageperiod

a.— typicalofanearliertimeinhistory,eitherdating fromthat timeordeliberatelymadeinthestyleof thattime过去某段时期14/99at/from

a

distance— fromaplacethatisnotveryclose;alongtimeaftersth.happenedExamples

It‘swisetostayatadistancefromthecobras(眼镜蛇).Somepeoplearemorerespectableifadmiredfromadistance.Rememberingthedisasteratadistance,Inowfeelsurethatitwasnothisfault.15/99Butisnotgroupingwomenwithchildrenaraginganachronism?

不过，将妇女和儿童归为一类做法莫非不是一个与时代既不相当行为吗？16/99letalone— (toindicatethataparticularsituationisevenlesslikelyorpossible)nottomention;withoutconsideringExamplesIwastootiredtowalk,letalonerunning.Therewasn'tenoughroomforus,letalonethreedogsandtwocats.MoretolearnShouldnotanyself-respectingmodernperson,letalone

feminist,objecttoitasinsultingtowomen?17/99Shouldnotanyself-respectingmodernperson,letalone

feminist,objecttoitasinsultingtowomen?objectto— oppose;beagainstExamples

Theembassyobjectstotheirrequeststotakerefugethere.ProfessorHawkingobjectstobeingtreatedlikesomeonespecial.18/99atrandom:withoutmethodorconsciouschoiceExamples

Hisclotheswerescatteredabouttheroomatrandom.

Thespecimenstobeanalyzedweretakenatrandom.Cf.random:a.[usuattrib]done,chosen,etc.withoutmethodorconsciouschoiceHisrandomwalkledhimtoabeautifulviewofthetown.Hechoseanapplerandomly.19/99civilian:apersonwhoisnotamemberofthearmedforces平民；百姓Examples

Theofficertoldallcivilianstoleavethearea.

Severalinnocentcivilianswerekilledbythebombs.Cf.citizen:apersonwholivesinaparticularcityortown,esponewhohascertainvotingorotherrightsinthatplace居民；市民national:aperson,espsomeoneabroad,whobelongstoanotherusustatedcountry国民

subject:apersonwhoowesloyaltytoacertaincountryorroyalruler国民，子民，臣民20/99usage

n.— thewaysth.isused;thewaywordsareusedinalanguageNote: Usageisdifferentfromuseinthatitoftenimpliesthedegreetowhichsomethingisusedorthewayinwhichitisused.Examples

Themanualdescribestheproperusageoftheappliance.Theexpressionhascomeintocommonusage.theenvironmentaleffectsofenergyusageSportsequipmentisdesignedtowithstandhardusage.21/99ExamplesThosesoldiersareresponsibleforseveralmassacresofdefenselessvillagers.Moretolearnmassacre:[C]thekillingoflargenumbers,usuofpeoplewhocannotdefendthemselvesproperly,withoutcaringabouttheirdeath大屠杀（尤其屠杀无防卫能力人群）22/99Cf.

killing:[U]theactingofkillingpeopleoranimals.

slaughter:[U]thekillingofanimalsusuforfood;thekillingofoneormorepeopleinabloody,cruel,orthoughtlessway(残杀)

carnage:[U](esppoet&emph)slaughter屠杀Moretolearnmassacre:[C]thekillingoflargenumbers,usuofpeoplewhocannotdefendthemselvesproperly,withoutcaringabouttheirdeath大屠杀（尤其屠杀无防卫能力人群）23/99Cf.

butchery:[U]cruelandunnecessarykilling,espofhumanbeings残杀；屠杀

murder:[C]theunlawfulkillingofaperson,esponpurpose谋杀，凶杀massacre:[C]thekillingoflargenumbers,usuofpeoplewhocannotdefendthemselvesproperly,withoutcaringabouttheirdeath大屠杀（尤其屠杀无防卫能力人群）24/99wince

vi.suddenlyandbrieflyshowpaininone'sfacialexpression (因疼痛、惊吓等)本能地退缩，畏缩；皱眉蹙眼ExamplesDavidwincedwhenthedentisttouchedhissoretooth.Itmakesmewince

eventhinkingabouteyeoperation.

Cf.frown:(atsb/sth)bringtheeyebrowstogether,sowrinklingtheskinonone’sforehead(toexpressanger,thought,worry,etc)皱眉，蹙额Peterfrownedatthenoisecomingfromtheboys’bedroom.Myparentsalwaysfrownonlatenightsout.(disapproveof)25/99wince

vi.suddenlyandbrieflyshowpaininone'sfacialexpression (因疼痛、惊吓等)本能地退缩，畏缩；皱眉蹙眼26/99ChildrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationExamples

Youareentitledtohighpraiseforhandlingthisdifficultsituationsuccessfullyallalone.I'm

entitledtoknowhowmyownmoneyisbeingspent.beentitledto(do)sth.— begiventherighttohaveordo(sth.)27/99faculty

n.1. anyofthepowersofthebodyormind;aparticularabilityfordoingsth.才能；能力；天赋2. alltheteachersandworkersofauniversityorcollege(高等院校)全体教师及职员Examples

Evenattheageof100,shestillhadallherfaculties.Maryhasaremarkablefacultyforaddinglargenumbersinherhead.Janeisamemberofthe

facultyatthelocaluniversity.Moretolearn28/99faculty

n.1. anyofthepowersofthebodyormind;aparticularabilityfordoingsth.才能；能力；天赋Cf.

ability:(espofmind)thepower,knowledge,etcneeded(todosth)

aptitude:(for,in)naturalabilityorskill,espinlearning天资

capability:ability,practicalpower才能，能力

facility:abilitytodoorperformstheasily才能Moretolearn29/99faculty

n.2. alltheteachersandworkersofauniversityorcollege(高等院校)全体教师及职员Cf.

staff:thegroupofworkerswhocarryonajobtodotheworkofanorganization

personnel:thepeopleemployedbyacompany,thearmedforces,etc.

workforce:thepeopleworkinginaplace

crew:allthepeopleworkingonaship,plane,etc.30/99innocent

n.1)(of)notguilty无罪，无辜;2)knowingnothingofevilorwrong天真Examples

Iaminnocentofthecrime.Inthesewars,countlessinnocentpeoplelosttheirlives.Don’tbesoinnocentastobelieveeverythinghesays.Moretolearn31/99innocent

n.1)(of)notguilty无罪，无辜;2)knowingnothingofevilorwrong天真，无知Cf.

Naïve:1)havingorshowingnoexperience(asofsocialrulesorbehavior),espbecauseoneisyoung缺乏经验；幼稚；无知;2)believingwhatanyonesaysorwhatismostfavorable天真Theyoungboywaslaughedatforhisnaïveremarks.Itisnaïveofyoutobelievehe’lldowhathesays.32/99sin

n.1) [U]evilasunderstoodinareligion(宗教上)罪孽;2)[C]anevilact,espasunderstoodinareligion罪过Example

Thesepeoplesaythatthecityisaplacefullofsinandyoumustleaveit.

Insomereligionsitisasintoeatthemeatofpigsanddrinkalcohol.Moretolearn33/99sin

n.1) [U]evilasunderstoodinareligion(宗教上)罪孽;2)[C]anevilact,espasunderstoodinareligion罪过Cf.

evil:[C]evilgreatwickednessormisfortune邪恶，罪恶

mischief:[U]bad,butnotseriouslybad,behaviororactions,asofchildren,probablycausingtroubleandpossiblydamageorharm顽皮，调皮，恶作剧

vice:wickednessofcharacter堕落；aseriousfaultofcharacter;abadhabit34/99consequently

ad.(usufml)becauseofthis,asaresult;therefore;inconsequenceExamples

Theycannotnotdothework;consequently,wemustfindanothercompany.Thedocumentswerenotready.Consequentlywecouldnotsignthem.Moretolearn35/99immunity

n.1.protectionorfreedom(fromsth.)受保护；豁免(权)2.abilitytoresistinfection,disease,etc.免疫力Examples

Hewastoldthathewouldbegrantedimmunityfrom

prosecution(起诉)ifheconfessedthenamesoftheotherspies.diplomaticimmunity

(外交豁免权)Mostpeoplehavenoimmunityagainstthatvirus.36/99threaten

vt.

1.makeathreatagainst(sb.)威胁，恐吓2.giveawarning(ofsth.bad)预示，眼看就要来了Examples

Theythreatenedtheirsonwithpunishment.Thegangster(歹徒)

threatenedtoburndownthestoreunlesstheownerpaidextortion(敲诈)money.Thedarkcloudsthreatenastorm.Whendangerthreatenswemustalltakecare.37/99Thephrase“womenandchildren”attributestowomenthesamedependenceandmoralsimplicitywefindinfive-year-olds.Paraphrase

?Key:Byclassingwomenwithchildren,wethinkthatwomenareashelplessandinnocentaslittlekids.Moretolearndependenceandmoralsimplicity

— anotherwayofsaying“helplessnessandinnocence”38/99attribute(aquality,feature,etc.)tosb./sth.— sayorthinkthatsb./sth.hasgot(thatquality,feature,etc.)ExamplesHetendstoattributemeanmotivestootherpeople.Iwouldn'tdreamofattributingsuchalackofjudgmenttoyou.Thephrase“womenandchildren”attributestowomenthesamedependenceandmoralsimplicitywefindinfive-year-olds.39/99given— prep. considering考虑到

a. 1.要求，特定；2.假设；已知ExamplesGiventheirinexperience,they'vedoneagoodjob.Given(thefact)thatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.Theworkmustbedonewithinthegiventime.underagiven

conditionThegivenradius(半径)being4ft.,findthecircumference(周长).Moretolearn40/99given— usedasaprepositionTheword

given

canbeusedasaprepositionfollowedbyanounphraseornounclause.Ifyousaygivensomethingorgiventhatsomethingistrue,youmeanwhatismentionedisconsideredoristakenintoaccount.InformalEnglish,

given

thechance,giventheopportunity,etc.meanifonehasthechance,theopportunity,etc.ExamplesGivenhisage,heisaremarkablefastrunner.I'msureteachingistherightcareerforher,given

(thefact)thatsheisinterestedinchildren.Shecouldhavedonejustaswellasyouhave,giventhechance.Givenimagination,anythingispossible.Moretolearn41/99givenMoretolearnCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,usinggivenclausesappropriately.(Ex.VIII,p.208)

1. _______________(鉴于政府在失业问题上统计),theirchancesofwinningtheelectionlookpoor.2. _____________(鉴于儿童不能自立，不能自卫),adultsareresponsibleforgrantingthemspecialprotection.

Giventhegovernment'srecordonunemployment

Givenchildren'shelplessnessanddefenselessness42/99givenMoretolearnCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,usinggivenclausesappropriately.(Ex.VIII,p.208)

________________(假如天气好话),ourshipwillreachYantaitomorrowmorning.4. ___________(鉴于免疫力弱),childrenandoldpeopleareadvisednottostayinanair-conditionedroomfortoolong.

Givengoodweather

Givenpoorimmunity43/99givenCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,usinggivenclausesappropriately.(Ex.VIII,p.208)

5. _______________(鉴于女权主义者已为男女平等斗争了多年),itisnotsurprisingtofindsuchnewwordsaschairpersonandMs.inwidespreaduse.6. (假如再给我一次读大学机会),Iwouldchoosetostudyengineeringratherthanmathematics.

Giventhatfeministshavebeenfightingforgender/sexualequalityforyears

Givenonemorechancetogotocollege44/99attach

(to)vt.— 1. considerthatsb.hasacertainquality 2. fastenorjoinExamplesThepanelofscientistsattachesgreatimportanceto

hisresearchongenes.Chinesemoviesusedtoattacheverygoodqualityto

ahero.Alabelisattachedtoeachpieceofluggage.Billattachedabigbow(蝴蝶结)tothebirthdaypresent.45/99…,itwasonlyfairthatanewstandardofgender

equalitynotsuddenlybeproclaimedjustaslifeboatseatswerebeinghandedout.ExamplesThejobisopentoanysuitablyqualifiedpersonregardlessofage,gender

orrace.Sociologistsbelievethatgender

differencesinvotingwillgraduallydisappearaswomenbecomemorepoliticized.InGerman,thegender

oftheword"Hund",meaning"dog",ismasculine(阳性).Moretolearngenderequality=sexequalityn. 1.(生理上)性；2.(名词、代词等)性— Gendermeanssexbutisespeciallyusedinjobadvertisements,inwritingaboutpoliticsandsociety,aswellasingrammar,whilesexisageneralword.46/99…,itwasonlyfairthatanewstandardofgenderequalitynotsuddenlybeproclaimedjustaslifeboatseatswerebeinghandedout.proclaim

vt.— makeknownofficiallyorpublicly;declareNote:

Proclaimimpliesaclear,forceful,authoritativeoraldeclaringofsomething,oftenofnationalimportance.ExamplesThepresidentproclaimed

adayofmourning.TheAmericancoloniesproclaimedtheirindependencein1776.Moretolearn47/99…,itwasonlyfairthatanewstandardofgenderequalitynotsuddenlybeproclaimedjustaslifeboatseatswerebeinghandedout.handout— distribute分发,散发ExamplesMakealistofnames,seeifthey'reallpresent,andhandoutthebooks.Wouldyouhand

thecakeoutwhileIpourthecoffee?Moretolearn48/99…,itwasonlyfairthatanewstandardofgenderequalitynotsuddenlybeproclaimedjustaslifeboatseatswerebeinghandedout.Paraphrase

?Key…,thetraditionalgenderinequalityshouldnaturallycontinueatthatcriticalmomentwhentheshipwassinking—itwasfairthatwomenshouldhavebeengivenseatsonthelifeboatsfirst.49/99Thatdeference—asomewhatmoreurgentvariationongivingupyourseatonthebustoawoman—complementedandperhapstosomeextentcompensatedforthelegalandsocialconstraintsplacedonwomenatthetime.variation

n.— (on)oneinagrouporsetwhichisdifferentinsomewayfromthenormalormostcommonExamples

Hisbooksareallvariations

onabasictheme.ItwasthesameTVprogramwithonlynightlyvariations.Moretolearn50/99Thatdeference—asomewhatmoreurgentvariationongivingupyourseatonthebustoawoman—complementedandperhapstosomeextentcompensatedforthelegalandsocialconstraintsplacedonwomenatthetime.Paraphrase

?KeyThatrespectforwomen(i.e.offeringpriorityseatingonalifeboat)wasverysimilarto,butsomewhatmoreurgentthan,offeringyourseattoawomanonthebus.Thishelpedtoimprove,andperhapsmoreorlessmadeupforthedisabilitiesattachedtowomanhood(para.10)bylawandbysocietyatthattime.51/99...,whatentitleswomentotheprivileges—andreducesthemtothestatus—ofchildren?reducesb.to— bringsb.to(aspecified,usu.worse,stateorcondition)Examples

Wewerereducedtosellingthecartopaytherent.Heranoutofcigarettesandwasreducedtosmokingthebuttsleftintheashtrays.Moretolearn52/99Paraphrase

?Key...,whyshouldwomenbegiventhesameprivileges,andbebroughttothesameinsignificantstatus,aschildren?...,whatentitleswomentotheprivileges—andreducesthemtothestatus—ofchildren?53/99ladies-to-the-lifeboatsisaninstinctthatdevelopedtoperpetuatethespeciesParaphrase ?givingprioritytoladiestoenablethemtosurviveashipwreckisanaturaltendencyformedinordertopreventtheextinctionofmankindTranslatethesentence ?女士上救生船是一个为繁衍物种而形成本能54/99Womenbeingmoreprecious,biologicallyspeaking,thanmen,evolutionhasconditionedustogivethemthekindoflife-protectingdeferencewegivetothatotherseedofthefuture:kids.Paraphrase ?Becausewomenaremoreimportantthanmenintheperpetuationofmankind,thelawofevolutionhasinfluencedourattitude,sothatwegivewomenthesamekindofpriorityofsurvivalaswegivechildren,onwhom,too,mankindreliesforperpetuation.Translation ?因为从生物学角度来讲妇女比男子更为宝贵，所以进化才使我们习惯于把给予未来另一粒种子——孩子那份保护生命敬重给予了她们。Moretolearn55/99Womenbeingmoreprecious...thanmen— Presentparticiplephraseusedintheabsoluteconstruction,whichfunctionsasanadverbialofcauseinthesentence.Useofthepresentparticipleintheabsoluteconstruction:Theadverbialpresentparticiplephrasehasnoovert(明言)subjectandits“understoodsubject”providesalinkwiththemainclause,whiletheabsoluteconstructionusingthepresentparticiplehasitsownlogicalsubjectandisnotovertlyboundtothemainclause,evenonasemantic(语义)level,byanysharedelement.Ingrammaticalfunctions,however,thetwoformsaresimilar.ExamplesNofurtherdiscussionsarising,themeetingwasbroughttoaclose.Asmallboy,hissatchel(背包)trailingbehindhim,ranpast.Weatherpermitting,we'llstarttomorrow.Womenbeingmoreprecious,biologicallyspeaking,thanmen,evolutionhasconditionedustogivethemthekindoflife-protectingdeferencewegivetothatotherseedofthefuture:kids.56/99depress

— vt.1.saddenanddiscourage使抑郁，使沮丧 2.causetosinktoalowerlevelofposition使不景气， 使萧条ExamplesThecold,grayweatherdepressedAnne.Highinterestratesarecontinuingtodepresstheeconomy.参考译文：然而，这种逻辑问题在于它那个令人沮丧视妇女低人一等歧视性做法。57/99Andtraditionalcourtesiesaremorethanjustdisguisedsurvivalstrategies.courtesy:

politeandkindbehavior礼貌、谦恭Cf.politenesscivility:thestateormannerofbeingaspoliteasonewouldwish(礼貌，客气)morethanjust— notjust;notsimplyMoretolearn58/99Andtraditionalcourtesiesaremorethanjustdisguisedsurvivalstrategies.disguise:

changetheusualappearance,etc.of,soastohidthetruthCf.hide:putorkeepoutofsight;makeorkeepsecretconceal:(from)(fml)hid;keepfrombeingseenorknown

coverup:(notfml)coverorhidinfrontof(another)soastohidorprotectinthisway掩盖，掩饰

secrete:(fml)hidorkeepinasecretplace隐藏；藏匿Moretolearn59/99Andtraditionalcourtesiesaremorethanjustdisguisedsurvivalstrategies.Paraphrase ?KeyAndtraditionalpolitebehaviortowomenisnotjustafalsedisplayintendedforthesurvivalofthehumanrace.传统礼节决不只是伪装掩盖下生存策略。60/99Equalparentingisgreat,butwomen,frombreast

tocradletoreassuringhug,cannurtureinwaysthatmencannot.nurture:(fml)givecareandfoodto养育Cf.bringup:careforandeducateinthefamilyuntilfullygrownraise:(AmE)bringuprear:(ofanimalsandbirds)careforuntilfullygrownfoster:carefor(achildwhoisnotone’sown),usuforashortperiodadopt:take(sb/achild)intoone’sfamilyasarelationforever,andtakeonthefullresponsibilitiesinlawofaparent收养

breast:breast-feeding哺乳Moretolearn61/99Equalparentingisgreat,butwomen,frombreast

tocradletoreassuringhug,cannurtureinwaysthatmencannot.Itisprettygoodforfatherandmothertobeequalintheirrelationshipwithchildren,butmanydutiesintherearingandcaringofchildrencanbeperformedonlybywomenintheirspecialways,andneverbymen.不过女性，从哺乳到抚育到安抚拥抱，能够以男性做不到方式养育儿女62/99Butkiddie-centrismgetsyouonlysofar.Paraphrase ?Theexplanationthatwomenaregivenprioritytosurvivejustbecausechildrenneedthemisconvincinguptothispointonly.kiddie-centrism— thenotionthatchildrenaremostimportant

小孩中心论Translation ?不过小孩中心论只能解释到这一步为止。63/99scenario

n.— 1. [C]awrittendesripitonoftheactiontotakeplaceinafilm,play,etc.剧情梗概 2.(fig)adescriptionofapossiblecourseofactionorevents对行动或事件可能过程描述Examples

Thescenariosareverywelldone.Hepresentedafearfulscenarioofatomicwar.64/99sheer

a.— 1. pure;nothingotherthan(oftenusedindescriptionsofsth.surprising,outrageous,inexplicable,etc.); 2.(offabric)verythin,lightandalmosttransparent(透明)； 3. verysteepExamples

Itisasheerwasteoftime.Johnpeeredthroughthesheercurtain.Theclimbersslowlyinched(慢慢移动)upthesheercliff.65/99stalemate

— n.astageofadispute,contest,etc.(esp.chess)atwhich furtherprogressisimpossibleforbothsides僵局；僵持Examples

Theplayersreachedastalemate,soadraw(平局)wasdeclared.Negotiationshavecometoastalemate.66/99《读写教程III》:Ex.III,p.37Exercises•Vocabulary67/991. Inahealthyrelationship,thepartners'strengthsandabilities___________eachother,ratherthanbeingidentical.entitle constraint complement strategy privilege instinctdepress survival indispensable urgent faculty randomExercises•Vocabulary2. Millionsofdollarsandlotsoffamousactorsarenot____________totheproductionofasuccessfulfilm,buttheyhelp!III. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.complementindispensable

68/993. IneverfeltIhadarighttoexpectanyspecial___________becauseofmyuniversityeducation.Exercises•Vocabulary4. Themarketing____________thatEdwardproposedwouldbebrilliantifonlyhehadn'tforgottenaboutgoodbusinessethics.III. Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

strategy

privilegesentitle constraint complement strategy privilege instinctdepress survival indispensable urgent faculty random69/995. It'struethatnothavingacarimposessome___________,butowningonealsocomplicateslifeinmanyways.Exercises•Vocabulary6. Accordingtothe