译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册模块整合训练含答案

模块整合训练第一部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAward­winningauthor,SandyLynneHolman,isvisitingourcommunity.Weneedyoursupport!WeareveryexcitedtoannouncethatweareintheprocessofinvitingSandyLynneHolman,thewell­knownauthorofGrandpa,IsEverythingBlackBad？，tovisitourcommunity.Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.WewouldliketohaveSandyworkwithourorganizationsothatouryouthcanbenefitfromallshehastooffer.Sandyfocusesonteachingyoungpeopletorespecttheirelders,thosewhocomefromdifferentbackgrounds,andtolearnabouttheworldthroughliterature.HerworkhasbeenhonoredintheSchoolLibraryJournal,Writer'sDigest,TheLosAngelesTimes,and“TheTodayShow”．Shehasanexcellentreputationformakingthedayanexcitingexperienceforall.WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksfortheyouth.WeareinvitingthemediatoparticipateinourvisitwithSandy.OrganizationsthatmakecontributionstowardsSandy'svisitwillhaveanopportunityforacknowledgmentandpositiveexposureinthemedia.Wewillalsosendanotehometoparentsacknowledginganydonationswehavereceived.IfyouwouldliketosupportourspecialdaywithSandy,pleasecallusoryoumayalsocontactthepublisherandaskforMarkMiller.Sandywillalsobeautographing(在……上签名)children'sbooksandshecanmakeapersonalizedcommentonbehalfofthedonatingorganization,ifdesired.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章作者号召社区成员捐款邀请著名获奖作家SandyLynneHolman来访问社区。1．WhatwillSandybeexpectedtodo?A．Todeliveralecture.B．Tomakeadonation.C．Toattend“TheTodayShow”．D．Tovisiteldersattheirhomes.A[推断判断题。根据第二段的“Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.”(Sandy是一个充满活力的演讲者，她有一种特殊的天赋，能与各种背景的人，尤其是年轻人建立联系。)和第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.”(你的组织可以为她提供演讲费、住宿费、交通费和餐费。)可知，Sandy将发表演讲。故选A。]2．Whatkindofsupportwillbeneeded?A．AdvertisingSandy'svisit.B．Makingapersonalizedcomment.CBuyingtheyouthsomeofSandy'sbooks.D．Tryingtobeavolunteerinthecommunity.C[细节理解题。根据第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksfortheyouth.”(你的组织可以为她的演讲费、酒店房间、交通工具和餐饮费捐款。此外，或者，你也可以为年轻人购买她的一些书做出贡献。)可知，需要的支持包括，为Sandy提供一些费用，以及为年轻人购买一些Sandy的书籍。故选C。]3．Whomightbetheauthorofthetext?A．Asocialmediareporter.B．Amemberofthecommunity.C．Awriterofchildren'sbooks.D．Anexcellentyouthspeaker.B[推理判断题。根据第三段的“WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.”(我们希望通过小额捐款或物质捐赠的方法你能帮助我们把Sandy请到我们的社区。)可推断，这篇文章的作者是这个社区的一个成员。故选B。]BTheGurugram­basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion­dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5－6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.Lookingtobuildacompany,Deepakrealizedthattheriseofe­commercehaddramaticallyincreasedthedemandfortrucks,yetinIndiatheindustrywasstrugglingwithashortageofdrivers.Howcouldthisbeinacountryofoverabillionpeoplewithahighunemploymentrate—despitehealthywagesfortruckdrivers?Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.Duringhisone­on­oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.Partlybecauseofthis,fewvillagerswantedasontobecomeatruckdriveroradaughtertomarryone.What,then,wasthesolution?Coulditbetobringthedriversbacktotheirhomeseverynight?Thatcouldwork—buthowcouldhemakeithappenifatrucker'striptookthreeorfourdays?Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.Effectively,hebuilttruckstopsfourhoursapartalongaselectedroute.AdrivercouldgofrompointAtopointB,drophistruckthereandpickupanothertrucktodrivefromBbacktoA．AnotherdriverinturnwouldpickupthetruckfromBandtakeittopointC,andsoon.Thisnotonlybroughtdrivershomeeachnight,butcreatedgreatvalueforlogistics(物流)companies.Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstohavetimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimebyalmosthalf.Tobesure,there'salotoftechnologybehindthescene.Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumane(人道的)aboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过一种卡车运输新模式，引发对卡车司机这份职业和对卡车利用的问题。Deepak为了解决问题，积极思考并采取行动，最终成功解决卡车司机短缺的问题。4．WhatwasthemainpurposeofRivigo?A．Toincreasethesaleoftrucks.B．Tomaketruckdrivingmorehumane.C．Tohelptruckdriversgetoutofbadhabits.D．Toestablishawidere­commercenetwork.B[推理判断题。根据第一段“TheGurugram­basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion­dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5­6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.”(总部位于Gurugram的新兴公司Rivigo由DeepakGarg于2014年创立。这家现在价值数十亿美元的公司的核心目标是创建一种模式，在这个模式下，没有卡车司机会连续行驶超过5～6个小时，并且会当天回家。)和最后一段中“Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumaneaboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.”(但这位创始人坚信，人道高于一切是他区别于普通人群的最大因素。)可知，Rivigo的主要目的是控制卡车驾驶时间，确保司机当天到家，使卡车驾驶更人性化。故选B项。]5．Whatistherootcauseoftheshortageoftruckdrivers?A．Theyearnalowwage.B．Theyeasilybecomeunemployed.C．Theyareoftenawayfromhome.D．Theyhavetooverworkfrequently.C[推理判断题。根据第三段“Duringhisone­on­oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.”(在他的一对一谈话中，他发现由于卡车司机几乎总是在路上，他们经常养成坏习惯，比如酗酒。)可知，卡车司机总是在路上，总是在工作，经常离开家。这是卡车司机短缺的根本原因。故选C项。]6．HowcanDeepak'smodelbenefitlogisticscompanies?A．Itmakesbetteruseoftrucks.B．Itcutsthecostsofhiringdrivers.C．Itimproveslogisticstechnologygreatly.D．Itsavesthemthetroubleofbuildingtruckstops.A[推理判断题。根据第四段“Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstohavetimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimebyalmosthalf.”(以前每天只使用10到12个小时的卡车，让司机有时间睡觉和吃饭，现在可以运行超过20个小时，将总交付时间缩短了近一半。)可知，Deepak的模式延长了卡车使用的时间、缩短交付时间，使物流公司更好地利用卡车。故选A项。]7．WhatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinDeepak'sstory?A．Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess.B．Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C．Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D．Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.C[主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.”(为了解决这个难题，Deepak造访了可以找到许多卡车司机的小村庄。)及第四段“Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.”(Deepak意识到，中继服务可以解决这个问题。)可知，Deepak为了解决问题，积极思考并采取行动，最终成功解决卡车司机短缺的问题。故选C项。]C“Eatingtogether”isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.AteamledbyJericaBergeaskedthefamiliesof120childrentorecordeightdaysofmeals.Berge'steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups—thoserelatingtotheemotionalatmosphereatthemeal,suchashowmuchthefamilymembersseemedtobeenjoyingthetimetogether,andhowmanyuncomfortablesilencesoccurred—andthoseinvolvingfoodspecially,suchashowmanyunpleasantfeelingsemergedfromdiscussionsaboutfood,andhowmuchtheparentscontrolledwhatandhowmuchchildrenate.Childrenwhowereoverweighthadfamilymealsthatincludedmorenegativeemotionalinteractionscomparedtochildrenwhoweren'toverweight.Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan'taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.Ifparentstalkedconstantlythroughoutthemealaboutfood,andlecturedthechildrenabouthomeworkorattemptedtocontrolwhatthechildrenate,theyoungsterswerealsomorelikelytobeheavy.Also,theresearchersfoundheavierchildrentendedtohaveshortermeals.Inthemeantime,thecurrentdatasuggeststhatsimplysittingdownatthesametableatthesametimeisn'tenoughtoinfluenceobesity.Andit'suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论和父母一起吃饭对儿童体重的影响。8．WhatweresortedintotwogroupsbyBerge'steam?A．Foodsservedatthreemeals.B．Conversationshappeningduringdinner.C．Featuresoffamilymealsinfluencingweight.D．Feelingsemergingfromdiscussionsaboutfood.C[推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Eatingtogether’isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.”(“一起吃饭”是医生在与家人谈论保持正常体重时经常使用的声明。定期吃家庭餐的儿童往往肥胖率较低。一项新的研究探讨了原因。)及第二段“Berge'steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups...”(Berge的团队将餐桌上发生的互动分为两大类……)可知，Berge的团队为了探讨吃家庭餐的儿童往往肥胖率较低的原因，将影响孩子体重的家庭用餐特点分为两类。故选C项。]9．Whatdidparentswithnon­obesechildrendoatthetable?A．Theytoldthechildrentoeattogethealthy.B．Theytalkedwiththechildrenabouthomework.C．Theylecturedthechildrenabouttreasuringfood.D．Theyaskedthechildrentofinishmealsquickly.A[细节理解题。根据第三段“Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan'taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.”(他们用餐时往往有一个更温馨，更注重沟通的氛围。例如，这些孩子被鼓励吃食物以变得更强壮或跑得更快，而超重的孩子则经历了更多的负面压力，包括威胁，并对那些无法负担一日三餐的人感到内疚。)可知，父母和不胖的孩子的餐桌氛围是温馨的，更注重沟通。父母会告诉孩子吃东西可以变强壮、跑得快、变健康。故选A项。]10．Whatkindoftipshouldfamilydoctorsofferfamilies?A．Cookingdeliciousmeals.B．Dietinginahealthymanner.C．Creatingsharedconversationtopics.D．Makinggooduseofdiningtogether.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Andit'suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.”(家庭医生有责任帮助家庭了解如何充分利用一起吃饭的优势。)可知，家庭医生给家庭的小贴士是：充分利用一起吃饭的机会。故选D项。]11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowObesitySpreadsAcrossFamilyMembersB．WhyMoreChildrenAreBecomingOverweightC．WhyParentsShouldEatTogetherwithChildrenD．HowDiningwithParentsAffectsObesityinKidsD[标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要讨论在家和父母一起吃饭对儿童体重的影响。故文章标题为：与父母一起用餐如何影响孩子的肥胖。故选D项。]DAt3：30a．m.EDTonApril19,theIngenuityhelicopter—whichlandedonMarswiththePerseverancerover(漫游者)inFebruary—tookofffromtheMartiansurface.Moreimportantly,itcircledforabout30seconds,threemetersabovethesurfaceandcamerightbackdownagain.Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity'sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.Theblades(桨叶),or“rotors”ofahelicoptermustspin(旋转)fastenoughtogenerateaforcecalled“lift”．Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it'smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth's—about100timesthinner,infact.FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalent(对等物)offlyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30，000－40，000feetabovetheEarth'ssurfaceandthehighestwe'veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42，000feet.Thenthere'stheMartiangravitytoconsider.Itisaboutone­thirdthestrengthofgravityonEarth,whichmeanswe'dbeabletoliftIngenuitywithlesspowerthanitwouldberequiredhere.ButwhileMars'gravityworkstoouradvantage,thisiscancelledoutbythelackofatmosphere.Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology.WhileitonlyrequiresminutesforradiosignalstotravelbetweenEarthandMars,therewasstilladelayofhoursforthosesignalstoreachthehelicopter.AllthesethingsrequireIngenuitytobelightenough.Actually,itweighslessthan4pounds,standsjust1.6feettall,andcarriesbatteries,heatersandsensors.Besides,itstworotorshadtospinabout2，400revolutionsperminute—fivetimesfasterthanonEarth.Wheninflight,Ingenuity'sshadowgivestheimpressionofoversized,four­wingeddragonfly.Butthetinycraftissettomakeanenormousimpactonspaceexploration.“Sojourner'stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat'sthewaywebuildthefuture，”saidJPLdirectorMichaelWatkins.Inaddition,WatkinsbelievesthatIngenuityisexpectedtolaythefoundationformoreantigravityspacecraftcapableofexploringotherworldsinatotallynewway.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行，以及其在火星上飞行所需要的突破性技术。12．Whichofthefollowingisofextraordinarysignificanceaccordingtotheauthor?A．TheIngenuityhelicopterlandedonMarssuccessfully.B.TheIngenuityhelicoptermadeitsfirstflightonMars.C.TheIngenuityhelicopterstayedonMarsforalongtime.D．TheIngenuityhelicoptertravelledbetweenMarsandEarth.B[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity'sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.”(这听起来可能不是一个巨大的成就，但它是。这是飞行器在另一个星球上的首次机动飞行。它标志着人类太空探索史上的一个里程碑。)可知“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行。故选B。]13．WhatcanwelearnaboutMars'atmosphere?A．ItcanhardlyprovidealiftforIngenuitytofly.B．It'snotsafeforIngenuitytoflyhighandfast.C．It'stoothintokeepIngenuitystableintheair.D．ItcanonlyraiseIngenuitytoaheightof100，000feet.A[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it'smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth's—about100timesthinner,infact.”(但是升力只能在有某种大气存在的情况下产生。虽然火星确实有大气层，但它比地球要薄得多——事实上，大约比地球稀薄100倍。)以及文章第四段“FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalentofflyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30，000－40，000feetabovetheEarth'ssurfaceandthehighestwe'veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42，000feet.”(因此，在火星大气层中进行飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺的高空驾驶一架直升机。作为参考，商用飞机在地球表面上空3万～4万英尺之间飞行，我们在地球上乘坐的离地面最高的直升机是4.2万英尺。)可知，火星大气层几乎不能为“独创”号直升机提供飞行的动力。故选A。]14．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3toparagraph6?A．HowIngenuityperformedduringtheflight.B．WhyIngenuity'sflightonMarsisabigdeal.C．HowIngenuitysurvivedthetoughconditionsofMars.D．WhatcontributedtothesuccessfulflightofIngenuity.B[推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.”(在另一个世界进行直升机飞行有几个技术挑战。首先，更重要的是，直升机需要大气层才能飞行。)；文章第四段的“FlyingIngenuityinMar'satmosphereisthereforetheequivalentofflyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100，000feet.”(在火星大气层飞行相当于在地球上离地面10万英尺高空飞行的直升机。)；文章第五段的“Thenthere'stheMartiangravitytoconsider.”(然后还要考虑火星的重力。)；以及第六段的“Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology.”(即使是发射信号让飞行开始也需要一套先进的技术)可知，文章第三段到第六段主要讲解的是为什么“独创”号在火星上的飞行是一件大事。故选B。]15．WhydidMichaelWatkinsmentionSojourner?A．ToexplainhowitsmissiondiffersfromIngenuity's.B．ToshowtechnologicalprogressinMarsexploration.C．TostressthesignificanceofIngenuity'sflightonMars.D．Toillustratetheimpactofspaceexplorationonfutureflight.D[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Sojourner'stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat'sthewaywebuildthefuture.”(1997年，“旅居者”的技术接触给了NASA未来飞行员的保障。“独创”号团队的工作给了我们一个新的机会。我认为这就是我们创造未来的方式。)可知，迈克尔·沃特金斯提到“旅居者”是为了说明太空探索对未来飞行的影响。故选D。]第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onthelastdayofeachyear,ithasbecomeaceremonyforlargecrowdstogatherinthebrightlylitchaosofNewYork'sTimesSquaretoringinnewbeginnings.16Atthestrokeofmidnight,thecrowderuptintoloudcheers.17Becauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,noonewasallowedtogatherinperson,buttherewillbeavirtualeventforthosewantingtowatchitathome.ThismarkedthefirstyearthatcrowdswereprohibitedfromflockingtoTimesSquare.ThoughtheballdropwascanceledfortwoyearsduringWorldWarⅡ，peoplestillcametoobservethetraditionandholdaminuteofsilence.Overthepastcentury,theshiningballhasevolvedfromanironandwoodcagedecoratedwithlightbulbstoacolorfulcrystalobject.18TheTimesSquareballbeganthankstoametalworker,namedJacobStarrandtheformerNewYorkTimespublisher,AdolphOchs.In1907OchscommissionedStarr,whoworkedforsign­makingfirmStraussSignstocreateanewvisualdisplay.Thenewconceptwasbasedontimeballs,nautical(航海的)devicesthathadgainedpopularityinthe19thcentury.Astime­tellingbecamemoreprecise,shipnavigators(领航员)neededastandardizedwaytosettheirchronometers(精密计时表).Eachday,harborsandobservatorieswouldraiseandlowerametalballatthesametimetoallowsailorstosettheirclockstomatchtheball.19ThoughManhattanhadbeenpartiallylitbyelectricitysincetheearly1880s,halfoftheAmericanhomeswerestilllitbygaslightsandcandlesuntilthe1920s.20Itwasinstantlypopular.A．Itseemsyouhavetimetochangeyourlife.B．Cityofficialsbannedfireworksafterjustafewyears.C．Lastyear,however,theTimesSquareballdroppedtoemptystreets.D．ManypeoplemightwonderhowthisNewYear'sEvecelebrationstarted.E．At11：59p．m.ashiningballdropsdownapole,whileattendeescountdownfrom60.F．OchswasinspiredbytheWesternUnionBuilding,whichdroppedatimeballeachdayatnoon.G．Thesightofashiningballloweringdownfromthedarkskieswouldhaveseemedfascinating.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了纽约时代广场的迎新年倒计时球的转变。16．E[根据前文“Onthelastdayofeachyear,ithasbecomeaceremonyforlargecrowdstogatherinthebrightlylitchaosofNewYork'sTimesSquaretoringinnewbeginnings.”(在每年的最后一天，这已经成为一个仪式，大量的人群聚集在灯火通明的纽约时代广场，(等待着)新年(钟声的敲响)的开始。)可知，此处说明了人们在纽约时代广场集结的目的，因而空白处可以叙述在钟声临近敲响时，人们会做什么。选项E“At11：59p．m.ashiningballdropsdownapole,whileattendeescountdownfrom60.”(晚上11点59分，一个闪亮的球从杆子上掉下来，参加者从60开始倒数。)符合题意，故选E。]17．C[根据后文“Becauseofthecoronaviruspandemic,noonewasallowedtogatherinperson,buttherewillbeavirtualeventforthosewantingtowatchitathome.”(由于冠状病毒的流行，没有人被允许聚集，但是对于那些想在家里观看的人来说，将会有一个虚拟的事件。)可知，因为疫情广场聚集变成了虚拟的事情，所以空白处应该描述是疫情带给时代广场的变化。选项C“Lastyear,however,theTimesSquareballdroppedtoemptystreets.”(然而，去年时代广场的球掉到了空荡荡的街道上。)与文意逻辑一致，故选C。]18．D[根据前文“Overthepastcentury,theshiningballhasevolvedfromanironandwoodcagedecoratedwithlightbulbstoacolorfulcrystalobject.”(在过去的一个世纪里，这个闪亮的球从一个装饰着灯泡的铁和木制笼子演变成了一个五彩缤纷的水晶物体。)提到了球的形式的转变，结合前文的描述，到最后一分钟时，会有球从杆子上掉下，然后人们倒数。所以随着球的形式的转变，接下来可以描述人们很想知道庆祝将会如何进行。选项D“ManypeoplemightwonderhowthisNewYear'sEvecelebrationstarted.”(很多人可能想知道，这个新年前夜的庆祝活动是怎么开始的。)符合题意，故选D。]19．F[根据前文“TheTimesSquareballbeganthankstoametalworker,namedJacobStarrandtheformerNewYorkTimespublisher,AdolphOchs.”(时代广场的倒计时球(的形式改变)得益于一位金属工人，他叫雅各布·斯塔尔，还有前《纽约时报》出版人阿道夫·奥克斯。)所以空白处可以描述这样的改变时如何发生的。选项F“OchswasinspiredbytheWesternUnionBuilding,whichdroppedatimeballeachdayatnoon.”(奥克斯的灵感来源于西部联合大厦，它每天中午投下一个时间球。)与文意相符，故选F。]20．G[根据前文“ThoughManhattanhadbeenpartiallylitbyelectricitysincetheearly1880s,halfoftheAmericanhomeswerestilllitbygaslightsandcandlesuntilthe1920s.”(虽然曼哈顿从19世纪80年代早期就开始部分通电，但是直到20世纪20年代，一半的美国家庭仍然用煤气灯和蜡烛照明。)下文“Itwasinstantlypopular.”(它一下子就火了。)联系前文段落叙述倒计时球的转变，后文It此处指代的就是倒计时球，所以空白处可描述当这个新的倒计时球开始时，现场的气势很迷人。选择G“Thesightofashiningballloweringdownfromthedarkskieswouldhaveseemedfascinating.”(从黑暗的天空降落下来的一个闪亮的球的景象，看起来很迷人。)与文意相符，故选G。]第三部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ForAdamHarvison,itallstartedwithanelectricwheelchair.Hehad21fromhisarmycareerin2013withonegoal:toworkwithotherveterans(老兵).Hegotajobhelping22veteransinLasVegasfindhousing.Thencameaphonecallaboutthe23．Someonewantedtodonateitonlytoveteransinneed.Adammadesurethathappened.Fromthere,word24．“Peoplejuststartedcallingme，”Adamsays.“Hospitalsandotherorganizationssay,‘Wehaveausedone.Canyouuseit？’Itall25thefoundingofHarvisonHouse.”Adam26thisnon­profitorganizationin2017toprovidelow­incomeveteranswith27fortheirhomes.Adamandhisteamofvolunteers28thedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.Whileotherorganizationscanprovidethemwith29，theycan'talwaysprovidethemwithsofas,bedsandkitchentables,whichare30partsofahome.“Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.”Adamsays.“Wegivethemaplacewheretheyfeel31．”Afterthedonatedfurniturehasbeen32，aphotoofitsnewhomeissenttothepersonwhodonatedit,alongwithaletterof33．Adambelievesthatthepersonal34makesadifference.“Wedon't35atall，”hesays.“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述亚当退休后，为帮助无家可归的老兵，创办了为老兵捐献旧家具的非营利组织。21．A.escapedB．withdrawnC．retired D．rescuedC[考查动词。根据“Hehadfromhisarmycareerin2013withonegoal:toworkwithotherveterans.”中的“fromhisarmycareerin2013”可推知，亚当在2013年就退休了，故选C项。]22．A.homeless B．disabledC．elderly D．hopelessA[考查形容词。根据“Wegivethemaplacewheretheyfeel．”可知，亚当想要为老兵提供住宿，故推知这些老兵无家可归，故选A项。]23．A.television B．cupboardC．apartment D．wheelchairD[考查名词。根据“ForAdamHarvison,itallstartedwithanelectricwheelchair.”可知，对于亚当来说，一切都是从电动轮椅开始。故此处指接到捐赠电轮椅的电话。故选D项。]24．A.exploded B．spreadC．justified D．extendedB[考查动词。根据下文“Peoplejuststartedcallingme，”Adamsays.“Hospitalsandotherorganizationssay,‘Wehaveausedone.Canyouuseit？’”可知，医院和其他组织开始纷纷打来电话，故亚当想帮助退休老兵的消息传开了。故选B项。]25．A.adaptedto B．contributedtoC．benefitedfrom D．resultedfromB[考查动词短语。句意：亚当说：“人们开始给我打电话。医院和其他组织说，我们有一个二手的。你能用它吗？这一切都为HarvisonHouse的成立而捐献。”A.adaptedto适应；B.contributedto捐献；C.benefitedfrom得益于；D.resultedfrom由……引起。根据“Adamandhisteamofvolunteersthedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.”可知，这些东西是各个机构组织捐献的，故选B项。]26．A.promoted B．describedC．designed D．foundedD[考查动词。句意：亚当于2017年创立了这个非营利组织，为低收入退伍军人家提供家具。根据上文“ItallthefoundingofHarvisonHouse.”可知，HarvisonHouse这个非营利组织是亚当创立的，故选D项。]27．A.furniture B．toolsC．equipment D．decorationsA[考查名词。根据下文“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”可知，亚当创立的非营利组织为低收入退伍军人提供的是家具。故选A项。]28．A.recollect B．purchaseC．collect D．transformC[考查动词。根据“Adamandhisteamofvolunteersthedonateditems,cleanandrepairthem,andthensendthemtoveteransinneed.”可知，清洁和修理家具，然后把家具送到有需要的退伍军人那里前需要先收集家具，故选C项。]29．A.accommodation B．informationC．approach D．accessA[考查名词。根据“‘Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.’Adamsays.”可知，亚当认为即使提供住宿，但是没有家具也会让人觉得一无所有。故推知其他组织提供的是房子，故选A项。]30．A.domestic B．fundamentalC．various D．satisfyingB[考查形容词。根据“Whileotherorganizationscanprovidethemwith，theycan'talwaysprovidethemwithsofas,bedsandkitchentables,whicharepartsofahome.”及常识可知，沙发、床和厨房餐桌都是家庭的基本组成成分，故选B项。]31．A.harmonious B．calmC．warm D．thoughtfulC[考查形容词。根据“‘Ifsomeonejuststaresatfourwalls,theyfeelliketheyhavenothingatall.’Adamsays.”可知，亚当认为即使提供住宿，但是没有家具也会让人觉得一无所有。故推知，提供了家具就会使人觉得温暖，故选C项。]32．A.repaired B．expectedC．delivered D．signaledC[考查动词。句意：捐赠的家具已经送到后，其新家的照片将与感谢信一起发送给捐赠者。A.repaired修理；B.expected期待；C.delivered送；D.signaled发信号。根据“Afterthedonatedfurniturehasbeen，aphotoofitsnewhomeissenttothepersonwhodonatedit,alongwithaletterof．”可知，捐赠的家具送到后，才能为带有捐赠家具的新家拍照，故选C项。]33．A.appreciation B．invitationC．introduction D．applicationA[考查名词。根据上题可知，这封信是给捐赠者的，故应指感激信，故选A项。]34．A.exposure B．touchC．recognition D．coverageB[考查名词。句意：亚当认为，个人的装饰很重要。A.exposure暴露；B.touch修饰、装点；C.recognition识别；D.coverage新闻报导。根据上文可知，亚当认为家徒四壁让人觉得一无所有。故推知装扮屋子很重要。故选B项。]35．A.launch B．advertiseC．excuse D．apologizeB[考查动词。根据下文“Butwithin20minutes,Icouldgetthreephonecallswithoffersforfurniture.”可知，But表示转折，句意与前句相反。故推知，即使不做宣传，也能在20分钟内接到提供家具的电话。故选B项。]第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaismaking36.(prepare)foramoonlanding,whichwillplaceitsastronautsonthelunarsurface.AccordingtoDongNengli,headoftheagency'stechnologybureau,China'sspaceprogramplannersandengineers37.________(research)theroadmapandtechnologiesforthemannedmoonlandingsince2016.“Ourastronautswill38.________(definite)touchdownonthemoon，”hetoldreporters.China'sspaceauthoritieshavealong­termplantolandastronautsonthemoon，39.________atleastonescientificstationwillbesetup.Theyhopetousethemannedmissionstocarry40.________scientificsurveysandtechnologicalresearch,explorewaystodeveloplunarresourcesandstrengthenthenation'sspacecapabilities.ZhouYanfei,deputychiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceprogram,saidinSeptember2020thatthecountryhasmade41.________resolutiontoindependentlylandastronautsonthemoonbecauseofitstechnologies,well­trained,innovativeprofessionalsandefficientresearchand42.________(evaluate)systems.Towardthatgoal,Wan