《跨文化英语报刊选读》 课件 第3、4单元 Saving Habits、Urbanization

Unit3SavingHabitsReadthequotesinoriginallanguage;iftheyaredifficulttounderstand,pleaserefertotheirtranslatedversions.Sometimestranslatedversionscancontributetoourownunderstandingoftheoriginal.奢则不孙，俭则固。与其不孙也，宁固。——孔子（公元前551年—公元前479年）

Ifluxuryentailsimmodesty...andthriftentailsausterity,Iwillchooseausterityoverimmodesty.

——Confucius（551—479BCE）Povertyoftendeprivesamanofallspiritandvirtue.Itishardforanemptybagtostandupright.

——BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)贫困往往会剥夺一个人的所有精神和品格，口袋空空是很难站立的。——本杰明·富兰克林（1706—1790）TextA:TheChineseCan’tKickTheirSavingsHabit1).Uponreadingthistitle,whatdoyouexpecttofindinthefollowingpassage?Takeawildguess!2).Whatdoes“kick”meanhere?Tofreeoneselfof(suchas,anaddiction)e.g.kickthehabitofbeingstingy.1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions1).HowmuchdoNieshaveleftover?(para.1)2).Whydon’tNieseatoutorplanavacation?(para.2)3).Whatdoesthenormreferto?What’sthedownsideofsavingtoomuchinChina?(para.3)4).Accordingtoparagraph4,whydotheChinesekeepsaving?(para.4)5).DoyouagreewiththestatementthattherapidgrowthofChina’seconomyoffersanexplanationforthepersistenceofsavings?Why?(para.6)1.ReadtextAandthenanswerfollowingquestions6).WhydosomepeopleinChinaplantofundtheirownretirement?(para.7)7).WhatisChina’sGiniCoefficientaccordingtopara.8?Doyoubelieveit?(para.8)8).Whatdoesthecommonprosperityreferto?Couldyouexplainitinownwords?(para.11)1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions6).WhydosomepeopleinChinaplantofundtheirownretirement?(para.7)7).WhatisChina’sGiniCoefficientaccordingtopara.8?Doyoubelieveit?(para.8)8).Whatdoesthecommonprosperityreferto?Couldyouexplainitinownwords?(para.11)2.Detailsofthetext1).Whydoestheteacher（Nie）claimtheyarenoteatingoutorplanningvacations?

A.Becausetheyprefertocookathome.

B.Becausetheyaretryingtosaveatleasthalfoftheirincome.C.Becausetheyhavetopaythemortgageandkindergartenfees.

D.Becausethegovernmentpoliciesarereliableinthelongterm.2).Whatisthereasonbehindthecouple'sdesiretosavemoney?

A.Theyarenotsureaboutlong-termgovernmentpolicies.

B.Theyearnlessthantheirexpenses.

C.Theyhavenootherfinancialresponsibilities.

D.Investinginrealestateistheirpriority.2.Detailsofthetext3).Whatdoesthecouple'sincomeprimarilygotowardsafterpayingfortheirnecessaryexpenses?

A.Luxuriesandentertainment.

B.Medicalorotherneedsforhisparents,retirement,andtheirdaughter'seducation.

C.PurchasinganotherapartmentinBeijing.

D.Theteacher’sprofessionaldevelopment.4)WhywasbuyinganapartmentpossiblefortheNiesin2009?

A.Becausetheyreceivedafamilyinheritance.

B.Becausetheywonalottery.

C.Becauserealestatewasrelativelycheap.

D.Becausetheyhadnootherexpenditures.

2.Detailsofthetext5).HowdotheNiesfeelaboutthepossibilityofgovernmentalsupportinthelongrun?

A.Theyarehighlydependentonit.

B.Theybelieveitisstableandreliable.

C.Theyarebuildingarelationshipwithpolicymakers.

D.Theyfeelinsecureaboutit.Keys:1-5:BABCD3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesandbuildsentenceswiththem.1).bemoreaffordable;householdnecessities(para.1)2).Putaside;putaway;stickwiththeplantodosth;feelinsecure(para.2)3).rebalancetoamoreconsumption-driveneconomy;sockaway;disposableincome;grossdomesticproduct;makeup;accountfor(para.3)4).precautionarysavings;launchreforms;fromcradletograve(para.4)5).

growatneardouble-digits;similarspikesinhouseholdsavings;duringtheirhigh-growthyears(para.6)3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesinthecorrespondingparagraphandbuildsentenceswiththem.6).adheretotheone-childpolicy;fundtheirownretirement(para.7)7).Toooldtofarm;afractionofsth;bestingy(para.8)8).povertyisnotsocialism,norissocioeconomicpolarization；onlycommonprosperitytakestheessenceofsocialism(para.10)9).apolarizedsociety；allowingsomepeopleandsomeregionstogetrichfirstistheinevitableprocess(para.11)TextB：WhyDon’tAmericansSaveMoreMoney1).Afterreadingthistitle,doyoufeelconfused?Perhapspeopletendtoassumethatindividualslivingintheonlysuperpowernationareextremelywealthy,possessingimmenseamountsofmoney.2).ThefollowingtextwillmakeitcrystalclearwhyAmericanstendtospendmoreandsaveless.1.ReadtextBandthenanswerthefollowingquestions1).HowmanytheorieswereputforwardtoaccountforAmericanlowsavingrateintextBandwhatarethey?2).“DoyouknowanythingaboutAmericanexceptionalism,andcouldyoupossiblytranslateitintoChinese?Also,doyoubelieveittobeamythorafact?2.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesandbuildsentenceswiththem.1).behavioralpsychology;ausefulscapegoatforsomething(para.1)2).financialsecurity;beill-preparedforsth(para.3)3).besusceptibletoconspicuousconsumption;betheculpritofsthpara.12,13)4).inaworldobsessedwith;dothepaternalisticthing;benefitfrom;soundscounterintuitiveandnearlyparadoxical(para.22)QuestionstoreflectuponaftercoveringthisunitAfterreadingtwopassages,simplyaskyourself:Doyouaspiretobeapersonwithhandsomesavingsoronewhohasnosavingsandevenowesdebts?Doyouprefertoresideinacountrywithalowsavingrateoronethatboastsahighsavingrate?Afterwatching‘KeithChen,Couldyourlanguageaffectyourabilitytosavemoney?’(seeSectionIV:ForFurtherReference),doyouagreewithKeithChen'sreasoning?Ifyoudo,pleasepresentyourreasons.Unit4UrbanizationReadthequotesinoriginallanguage;iftheyaredifficulttounderstand,pleaserefertotheirtranslatedversions.Sometimestranslatedversionscancontributetoourownunderstandingoftheoriginal.天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤。

——孟子（公元前372年—公元前289年）WhentheHeavenisabouttoconferagreatofficeonanyman,itfirstexerciseshismindwithsufferingandhissinewsandbonesandtoil.Itexposeshisbodytohungerandsubjectshimtoextremepoverty.——Mencius(372—289BCE)

Citiesforcegrowth,andmakementalkativeandentertaining,buttheymakethemartificial.

——RalphWaldoEmerson（1803—1882）城市孕育增长，令人健谈，使人风趣，也使人矫揉造作。——拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生（1803—1882）TextA:Morethan100ChineseCitiesNowabove1MillionPeople1).Therelationshipbetweencitiesandpeopleismultifacetedandinterconnected,shapingeachotherinprofoundways.

Couldyougiveussomeexamples?2).Uponreadingthistitle,whatdoyouexpecttofindinthefollowingpassage?detailsofurbanization,driversofurbanizationorchallengesofurbanization?1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions1).HowmanymorepeopleliveinQuanzhoucomparedtoMadrid?(para.3)2).WhataresomeofthereasonswhyQuanzhouisrarelydiscussedevenwithinChinesemedia,despiteitshistoricalandculturalsignificance?(para.4)3).WhatpercentageofChina'spopulationwillbelivingincitiesby2030,andwhatisthecurrentpercentage?(para.7)4).WhatdidthelocalgovernmentinZhengzhoutransformadustypatchoflandinto,andwhatasignificantcompanynowoperatesinthatlocation?(para.11)1.ReadtextAandthenanswerthefollowingquestions5).AccordingtoMcKinsey,howmanycitiesinChinaareforecastedtohaveapopulationofatleast1millionby2025,andwhatwillbetheresultingimpactonconstruction?(para.14)6).Whatisthedescriptionofnewlybuiltapartmentblocksintheparagraph,andhowdoesthisuniformconstructionmakecitiesappear?(para.16)7).Howmuchmoneyhasthegovernmentrecentlyapprovedforarailwayprojecttoimprovetransportlinksbetweentheseregions,andwhatistheestimatedcombinedpopulationoftheresultingmegacity?(para.20)2.Detailsofthetext1).WhyisQuanzhounotfrequentlymentionedinChinesemedia?

A.Itlackshistoricsites.

B.Itisasmalltownwithoutmuchsignificance.

C.ItisovershadowedbycitieslikeBeijingandShanghai.

D.Itdoesnothaveanycafes.2).WhatmakesKaifengnotableinhistory?

A.Itisoneofthecurrentmega-citiesinChina.

B.ItwasastopontheSilkRoadandaformerimperialcapital.

C.IthasapopulationlargerthanShanghai.

D.Itisanewlyestablishedcity.2.Detailsofthetext3).HowdoestheMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredictthenumberofChinesecitieslargerthanLiverpoolwillchangeby2025?

A.Itwilldecreasetolessthanhalf.

B.Itwillstayroughlythesame.

C.Itwillincreaseslightly.

D.Itwillhavemorethandoubled.4).WhatistheChinesegovernment'sgoalforurbanizationby2020?

A.Decreasecitydwellersto50%.

B.Maintainthecurrenturbanizationrate.

C.Increaseurbandwellersto60%.

D.Urbanizetheentirepopulation.

2.Detailsofthetext5).WhatistheimplicationofWeihai'spopulationcomparedtoLiverpool?

A.WeihaiisasmallercitythanLiverpool.

B.Theybothhavethesamepopulationsize.

C.Weihai'spopulationisestimatedtobelargerthanthatofLiverpool'surbanarea.

D.ThetextdoesnotprovideinformationaboutWeihai'spopulation.6).Whatistheprimaryactiontakenbythegovernmenttoachieveitsurbanizationgoals?

A.Forcingruralresidentstomovetocities.

B.Encouragingruralresidentstourbanize.

C.Buildingmoreruralareastodecreasecitypopulations.

D.Decreasingthesizeofexistingcities.2.Detailsofthetext1.C

解析：因为北京、上海和香港继续占据大部分头条新闻，所以即便是在中国媒体内，也很少讨论拥有一千年历史清真寺和迷人咖啡馆的泉州。（Quanzhou,withits1,000-year-oldmosqueandcharmingcafes,israrelydiscussedevenwithinChinesemedia,whereasBeijing,ShanghaiandHongKongcontinuetogetmostoftheheadlines.）2.B

解析：因为开封是历史上的前帝都，也是丝绸之路上的一个终点站。（OutsideChina,meanwhile,fewwillevenhaveheardofKaifeng,aformerimperialcapitalthatwasonceaterminusontheSilkRoad）3.D

解析：根据麦肯锡全球研究院的报告，到2025年，这个数字预计将会增加一倍以上。（By2025,accordingtoareportbytheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,thatnumberispredictedtohavemorethandoubled.）4.C

解析：到2020年，中国计划使60%的人口居住在城市中，比目前的56.1%有所增加。（Chinaaimstohave60%ofitspeoplelivingincitiesby2020,upfrom56.1%currently）5.C

解析：威海的人口预计比利物浦(城市地区预计人口880,000)的还要多。（orWeihai,bothcitiesbiggerthanLiverpool(estimatedpopulationofurbanarea880,000).）6.B

解析：其中一个原因是，政府正在积极鼓励农村居民进行城市化。（Onereasonisthatthegovernmentisactivelyencouragingruralresidentstourbanise.）3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesandbuildsentenceswiththem.1).---boasts102citiesbiggerthan1millionpeople(para.2)2).themostcosmopolitancities;itservedasahubfortraders(para.3)3).isaculturalpowerhouse;getmostoftheheadlines(para.4)4).thebest-performing;theonce-sleepycapital;(para.9)5).indroves;aslow-endmanufacturing(para.10)6).thetraditionalmanufacturinghubof(para.12)3.Appreciatetheseidiomaticphrasesinthecorrespondingparagraphandbuildsentenceswiththem.7).acookie-cutterfeeling;onecityindistinguishablefromthenext(para.16)8).rollingmountain