青海省西宁市海湖中学2023-2024学年高三年级上学期开学考试英语试题【含答案】

西宁市海湖中学2023-2024学年第一学期(高三英语)开学考试卷时间：120满分：150第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatpresentwillthespeakersprepare?A.Flowers.B.Chocolates.C.Glasses.2.Whichbuttonhasthemanlost?A.Theoneonthecollar.B.Theoneonthepocket.C.Theoneonthesleeve.3.Whenwillthespeakersprobablymeet?A.At2:00pm.B.At2:20pm.C.At2:30pm.4.Whatcolordresswillthewomantryon?A.Theblackone.B.Thegreenone.C.Thepinkone.5.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Togiveadvice.C.Tomakeacomplaint.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whichuniversitycoursedidthewomanwanttochooseatfirst?A.Film.B.Economics.C.Business7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Askherfriendsforadvice.B.Choosewhatshelovestodo.C.FindinformationontheInternet.听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题.8.Whenwillthesoapoperaend?A.At6:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:30pm.9.Whatdoesthewomanenjoywatching?A.Thefootballgame.B.Thecomedy.C.Thesoapopera.10.Whatwillthemanbedoingat8:40?A.Havingawalk.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Watchingafootballgame.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题.11.Howmanyclassesdoesthemanneedtotakebeforegraduation?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.12.Whatdoesthemanmajorin?A.Finance.B.Spanish.C.Computerscience.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Conductinganinterview.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejobasatourguide?A.Enjoyable.B.Difficult.C.Boring.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasrichworkexperience.B.Hewillcontactthewomanlater.C.Hewantstobeanoverseastourguide.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题17.Whereisthebeardeddragonthespeakermentionedraised?A.InAustralia.B.IntheUnitedKingdom.C.IntheUnitedStates.18.Whatisthesuitablelightingsupplyforabeardeddragon?A.AUVbulb.B.Constantshade.C.Aregularlightbulb.19.Howoftenshouldabeardeddragonbetakenoutside?A.Onceaweek.B.Threetimesaweek.C.Threetimesamonth.20.Howdobeardeddragonsobtainwaterinthewild?A.Bygettingwaterfromrivers.B.Bydrinkingthedewonplants.C.Bygettingwaterfromtheirfood.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AConservationVolunteersforEndangeredAnimalsOverviewTheprograminAustraliaismeantforallthoseanimalloverswhowanttovolunteerabroadforameaningfulcauseandcontributeeffectivelytowardthewell-beingofthenativeanimals.Beingavolunteer,you’llgettoworkatarescuecenterorashelter,whichhaslotsofanimalsincareatanygiventime.ProgramRequirementsVolunteersmustbe18yearsoldorolder,withanopenmindandaflexibleattitudetoworkinginanewanddifferentenvironment.Theprogramisopentoallandyoudonotneedanynecessaryqualifications(资历)tojoinit.Participantsshouldbepreparedtoworkoutdoorsandshouldbefitandhealthy.Volunteersmustnotethatthisisahands-offprojectandyouarenotallowedtotouchanimalsunlessgivenspecificpermission.VolunteerRoles&ResponsibilitiesAsavolunteerforthisprogram,everydayyouractivitiesmayconsistof:*preparingfoodfortheanimals*cleaningtheanimalenclosures(围场)*keepingtheprojectgroundscleanandtidyDuringYourFreeTimeVolunteerscanchoosetospendtimeinGladstoneorstarttodosomeoftheinterestingthingsinthesurroundingareas.TheGreatBarrierReefisagoodchoiceforvolunteerstodoadivecourseorliveaboard.OnlyminutesfromtheprojectlocationisGladstone’sfamousnaturallandmarkMountLarcom.Itiscommonlyreferredtoasthe“lionmountain“,becauseitlookslikealionandalionessthatarefacingeachother.AttheheartofthecityisGoondoonStreet,wherevolunteerscanexploretheLibrarySquare,thesiteofthecity’smonthlyproduceandartsandcraftsmarket.1.Whatisamustforthevolunteeroftheprogram?A.Environmentalawareness.B.Hands-ontraining.C.Ahealthybody.D.Relatedexperience.2.Whatisadailytaskforparticipants?A.Cleaninguptheprojectgrounds.B.Buildinganimalenclosures.C.Providingsheltersforanimals.D.Raisingmoneyforendangeredanimals.3.WhyisMountLarcomcalledthe“lionmountain”?A.Itshowsrespectforlions.B.Itlookslikeapairoflions.C.Itstoresplentyoffoodforlions.D.Itprotectsendangeredlionspecies.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一则动物保护志愿者招募启事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ProgramRequirements部分中的“Participantsshouldbepreparedtoworkoutdoorsandshouldbefitandhealthy.(参与者应做好户外工作的准备，身体健康)”可知，这个项目的参与者应身体健康。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据VolunteerRoles&Responsibilities部分中的“Asavolunteerforthisprogram,yourdailyactivitiesmayconsistof:*keepingtheprojectgroundscleanandtidy(作为该计划的志愿者，你的日常活动可能包括：*保持工程场地清洁、整洁)”可知，志愿者们每天需要清理工程场地。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据DuringYourFreeTime部分中的“Itiscommonlyreferredtoasthe“lionmountain”becauseitlookslikealionandalionesswhicharefacingeachother.(它通常被称为“狮山”，因为它看起来像一头狮子和一头母狮，彼此面对)”可知，人们常把拉科姆山称为“狮山”，因为它看起来像一对狮子。故选B。BAtree-plantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30,000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheyremaintendedtofromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.Theclimatecrisiswilldisplace80millionpeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaalone.Elizabethsaid,“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.4Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies. B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults. D.Fightingclimatechange.5.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.6.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016?A.3,000treeshavebeenplanted.BGreenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented. B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandhumorous.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了应对气候变化和森林减少以及由气候变化带来的饥饿问题，ElizabethWathuti创立的慈善机构theGreenGenerationInitiative已在肯尼亚种了3万多棵果树。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亚的一个慈善机构，自2016年以来一直在这个东非国家植树，以应对气候变化和森林减少）”可知，这一倡议的目的是应对气候变化。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.（超过200万肯尼亚人正面临与气候相关的饥饿）”可知，肯尼亚目前面临的危机是饥饿问题。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亚的一个慈善机构，自2016年以来一直在这个东非国家植树，以应对气候变化和森林减少）”可知，这一慈善机构是2016年成立的；再由第二段的前两句话“FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.（该倡议由气候活动人士Elizabethwasthuti在15岁时发起，其主要重点是通过学校的环境教育培养年轻的气候活动人士，并通过种植果树解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。自该项目成立以来，肯尼亚已种植了3万多棵树，数千名学童不仅植树，而且认养树木，以确保年轻人了解作为环境健康的监护人的重要性）”可知，该慈善机构自成立以来，不仅种植了3万棵果树，还提高了年轻人的环保意识。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据ElizabethWathuti创立慈善机构的目的，特别是第三段的第一句话“SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.（最近在格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候大会上，Elizabeth对世界各国领导人发表讲话，就气候变化的威胁发出了严重警告）”和第四段的第一句话“Elizabethsaid,‘IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.’（Elizabeth说:‘我一直在做我能做的。在伟大的WangariMaathai启发下，我创立了一个植树计划，以提高肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全’）”可以推论出，ElizabethWathuti是一位富有爱心和责任心的人。故选B项。CTheword“inquiry”(orenquiry)comesfromtheLatinwords“in”,or“inward”,and“quaere”,whichistheverb“toquestion”.Soinquiryisnotjustaskingquestions,itisquestioningintosomething.Ithasthequalityofgettingintosomething,goingdeeper,soyoucanseewhatyouhaven’tbeenabletoseebefore.Whenyoubeginaninquiry,youaredeliberatelysettingouttosearchforwhatyoudon’tknow.Youhavetohavetheconfidencetosaythatyoumightbeabletofigureitoutforyourself.Andinthatprocess,yougetasenseofrealexcitementandenergy.Thatenergyisbothpartof,andcontributesto,whatweoftencall“engagement(参与)”.Butinordertouseinquirytoansweryourquestion,youhavetobecomegoodatknowingwhatyoudon’tknow.Iwouldarguethatthat’sexactlytheoppositeofwhathappensinschools.Classroomsfocusonwhatyoudoknow(oraresupposedtoknow)andleaveyouunpreparedtodealwiththethingsyoudon’tknow.Insomeways,weareallsurroundedbyabubble(气泡)oftheknown.Whenyou“know”something,youidentifyhowyourmodeloftheworldfitswithandexplainswhatyousee.Livinginthebubbleoftheknowniscomfortableandcomforting.Youseewhatyouknow,andyouknowwhatyousee.Buttodoinquiry,youhavetogetgoodatalwayslookingfortheboundariesofyourknowledge,andatthelimitationsandcontradictionswithinwhatisknown.Thatiswhatscientistsdo.Theyarealwayslookingforthelimits,theboundariesandthepointsatwhichtheirtheoriesfailtoexplaintheworld.Scientists,basically,arealwayslookingforthat“door”fromtheknowntotheunknown,wheretheycanpressforthandpushand,inasense,expandthebubbleoftheknown.Inquiryistheactionyoutakewhenyoudeliberatelychallengethelimitsofyourknowledge.8.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A.Themeaningofinquiry. B.Thewaytomakeaninquiry.C.Themethodofclassroomteaching. D.Thelimitationofclassroomteaching.9.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanseetheword“inquiry”A.hasdifferentmeanings B.comesfromtheEnglishlanguageC.haslittletodowithaskingquestions D.meansexploringdeeperintosomething10.Tobegoodatinquiry,youshouldbegoodat___.A.askingforhelpfromothers B.knowingwhatyoudon’tknowC.stayingfocusedintheclassroom D.understandingwhatistaughttoyou11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“where”referto?A.Thedoortotheunknown. B.Withinthebubble.C.Intherealworld. D.Intheworldoftheunknown.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了inquiry（探究）的含义，从字面含义到内在含义，作者指出要进行探究，你必须善于寻找你知识的边界，以及已知知识中的局限和矛盾。探究是当你有意挑战你的知识极限时所采取的行动。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theword“inquiry”(orenquiry)comesfromtheLatinwords“in”,or“inward”,and“quaere”,whichistheverb“toquestion”.Soinquiryisnotjustaskingquestions,itisquestioningintosomething.Ithasthequalityofgettingintosomething,goingdeeper,soyoucanseewhatyouhaven’tbeenabletoseebefore.(“inquiry”（或inquiry）一词来自拉丁语“in”，即“向内”，以及动词“quaere”，即“询问”。所以探究不仅仅是提出问题，它是对事物追问。它有一种进入某样东西的品质，更深入，所以你可以看到你以前看不到的东西)”以及最后一段“Inquiryistheactionyoutakewhenyoudeliberatelychallengethelimitsofyourknowledge.(探究是当你有意挑战你的知识极限时所采取的行动)”可推知，第一段说明了inquiry的字面含义，最后一段说了inquiry的内在含义，即作者想告诉我们探究的意义。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theword“inquiry”(orenquiry)comesfromtheLatinwords“in”,or“inward”,and“quaere”,whichistheverb“toquestion”.Soinquiryisnotjustaskingquestions,itisquestioningintosomething.Ithasthequalityofgettingintosomething,goingdeeper,soyoucanseewhatyouhaven’tbeenabletoseebefore.(“inquiry”（或enquiry）一词来自拉丁语“in”，即“向内”，以及动词“quaere”，即“询问”。所以探究不仅仅是提出问题，它是对事物的追问。它有一种进入某样东西的品质，更深入，所以你可以看到你以前看不到的东西)”可知，“inquiry”这个词意思是更深入地探索某事。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenyoubeginaninquiry,youaredeliberatelysettingouttosearchforwhatyoudon’tknow.(当你开始探究的时候，你是在刻意地去寻找你不知道的东西)”以及“Butinordertouseinquirytoansweryourquestion,youhavetobecomegoodatknowingwhatyoudon’tknow.(但是为了用探究来回答你的问题，你必须善于知道你不知道的东西)”可知，要善于探究，就要善于知道自己不知道的事情。故选B。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Scientists,basically,arealwayslookingforthat“door”fromtheknowntotheunknown”可知，此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词“door”fromtheknowntotheunknown，在从句中作地点状语，即科学家们一直在寻找从已知到未知的“门”，在通往未知的大门那里他们可以向前推进，在某种意义上，扩大已知的泡沫。故where指的是“通往未知的大门”。故选A。DTheAIDAmodelisthefoundationofmodernmarketingandadvertisingpractice.Itoutlinesthefourbasicstepsusedtopersuadepotentialstomakeapurchase.Thefirstthreestepslieincreatingattention(A),decoratinginterest(I),andbuildingdesire(D)fortheproduct,beforethefourthstep—the“calltoaction”(A)—tellsthemexactlyhowandwheretobuy.AIDAcanchannelthecustomer’sfeelingsthrougheachstagetowardreachingasale.Attractingthecustomer’sattentionisthefirstchallengeandthismaybeachievedbyusinganattractingphraseorpicture.Oncesomeone’sattentionhasbeenclutched,itmustbeturnedintorealinterest.Thisisbestdonebyprovidingabriefdescriptionoftheproduct’sbenefitstotheconsumerratherthansimplylistingtheproduct’smainfeaturesorproblem-solvingclaims.Now,itistimetotransformthatinterestintoadesireforaproductorservice.Thisiswhereconsumersneedtobelievetheirlivescouldbebetterbypossessingtheproduct.Itcouldbeavitalsteptowardsturningapotentialintoarealcustomer.“Call-to-action”iswherealloftheinitialhardworkpaysoffandleadstotheactionfromapotentialcustomer.Forexample,theymightpickupthephonetodiscusstheideaofatrialoftheservicesor,alternatively,theymayjustbuythatproductorservicethathasbeenpromotedtothemallalong.AndAIDAisusedtogreateffectinthemovieindustry.Moviestudiosbegintheirmarketingcampaignsmonthsinadvance.Thecampaignsdevelopbyofferingattractiveflashesofthemoviewithoutgivingtoomuchaway.Desireisinspiredbythereleaseofthefullpreviewwhichisfullydesignedtoshowtheexcitingmomentsofthemovie,fromspecialeffectstohumorouslinesofdialogueontheopeningweekend.Advertisementsinnewspapersandontelevisionfocusonthemovie’srelease,invitingtheconsumertogoandbuyaticket.12.WhatisthepurposeofpractisingAIDA?A.Tocreatejobs. B.Toincreasesales.C.Toresearchmarkets. D.Tointroduceproducts.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clutched”meaninParagraph2?A.Seized. B.Freed. C.Cheated. D.Affected.14.InwhichstageoftheAIDAmodelmayacustomercalltotrytheservice?A.Action. B.Interest. C.Desire. D.Attention.15.Whydoestheauthormentionthemovieindustryinthelastparagraph?A.TodesignanAIDAmodel. B.TodisplayhowAIDAworks.C.Toshowhowtomakeamovie. D.Toadvertisethemovieindustry.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AIDA模式是现代市场营销和广告实践的基础以及它是如何工作的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AIDAcanchannelthecustomer’sfeelingsthrougheachstagetowardreachingasale.(AIDA可以引导客户的感受通过每个阶段来达成销售)”可推知，实践AIDA就是为了增加销售。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Attractingthecustomer’sattentionisthefirstchallengeandthismaybeachievedbyusinganattractingphraseorpicture.(吸引顾客的注意力是第一个挑战，这可以通过使用一个吸引人的短语或图片来实现)”可推知，划线句意思为“一旦某人的注意力被抓住了，就必须把它转化为真正的兴趣。”故clutched意为“抓住”，和A选项Seized同义。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Call-to-action”iswherealloftheinitialhardworkpaysoffandleadstotheactionfromapotentialcustomer.Forexample,theymightpickupthephonetodiscusstheideaofatrialoftheservicesor,alternatively,theymayjustbuythatproductorservicethathasbeenpromotedtothemallalong.(“行动号召”是指所有最初的努力都得到了回报，并导致潜在客户采取行动。例如，他们可能会拿起电话讨论试用服务的想法，或者，他们可能只是购买一直向他们推广的产品或服务)”可知，在AIDA模型的行动阶段，客户可能打电话来尝试服务。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AndAIDAisusedtogreateffectinthemovieindustry.Moviestudiosbegintheirmarketingcampaignsmonthsinadvance.Thecampaignsdevelopbyofferingattractiveflashesofthemoviewithoutgivingtoomuchaway.Desireisinspiredbythereleaseofthefullpreviewwhichisfullydesignedtoshowtheexcitingmomentsofthemovie,fromspecialeffectstohumorouslinesofdialogueontheopeningweekend.Advertisementsinnewspapersandontelevisionfocusonthemovie’srelease,invitingtheconsumertogoandbuyaticket.(AIDA在电影工业中发挥了巨大的作用。电影制片厂会提前几个月开始营销活动。宣传活动通过提供有吸引力的电影片段而不透露太多信息来发展。Desire的灵感来自于完整预览版的发布，该预览版旨在展示电影的激动人心的时刻，从特效到幽默的对白。报纸和电视上的广告关注电影的上映，邀请消费者去买票)”可推知，作者在最后一段提到了电影行业，以展示AIDA是如何工作的。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Choice,wearegiventobelieve,isaright.Butforagoodmanypeople,choicegivesbirthtoanxiety.Interestedintheidea“toomanychoicesaredizzy”,Ihavebeenconductinganexperiment.____16____Whenpresentedwithamenuinarestaurant,I’llonlyconsiderthefirstfewoptionsoneachpage.Iknow,itsoundscrazy.____17____Iusedtoreadthemenualongtimeinsteadofsittingbackandtalkingtomydiningcompanion.ThesedaysIquicklyselectthebest-soundingdishesandthenchatandeat.Indoingso,Ifindmyselftryingnewthings.Theothernight,forexample,Iorderedasmokedchickensalad.IfIhadpermittedmyselftoglancefurtherdownthelist,thiswouldneverhavehappened.Butguesswhat?Itwasdelicious.Solimitingmychoicescansometimesleadmetoawiderrangeofexperiences.____18____IcannowaccessmanyfilmsandTVseries,yetaftertenminutesoflookingthroughappsandmenus,IwillmoreoftenthannotfindmyselfwatchingwhateverChannel4hasscheduledat9pm.SobeforeIeventurnontheTV,Iaskmyself:whatdoIwanttowatch?Ithinkofaprogram.____19____ThisdevotiontoasimplersetofpossibilitiescameinhandywhenoursummerholidaytoAmericawasCOVID-canceled.Ididn’tgothroughamillionTripAdvisorreviewsforthebestreplacements.IsimplywentonAirbnb,sawwhatinEnglandwasstillavailableandimmediatelybookedtheoneIcouldafford.____20____AndnowIcanactuallyfocusonenjoyingourholiday.A.ThenIjustwatchit.B.Itneverprovedworthatry.C.Butit’sactuallyquiteliberating.D.Itinterpretsalifestyle:lessismore.E.Thesameappliestohomeentertainment.F.Bydoingso,Isavedmyselfdaysoftravelanxiety.G.I’vebeenexpandingthechoicesIallowmyselftohave.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的几个亲身经历诠释了一种生活方式：少即是多。【16题详解】根据上文“Interestedintheidea“toomanychoicesaredizzy”,Ihavebeenconductinganexperiment.(我对‘太多的选择会让人头晕’这个想法很感兴趣，所以我一直在做一个实验。)”以及下文作者几个亲身经历都阐述了限制选择、把事情简单化带来的好处，因此设空处应是作者通过实验得出的结论——简单化的生活方式更好；D选项“Itinterpretsalifestyle:lessismore.(它诠释了一种生活方式：少即是多。)”符合语境与主旨，选项中的“It”指代上文中的“anexperiment”。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Whenpresentedwithamenuinarestaurant,I’llonlyconsiderthefirstfewoptionsoneachpage.Iknow,itsoundscrazy.(在餐馆看到菜单时，我只会考虑每页上的前几个选项。我知道，这听起来很疯狂。)”说明作者在餐馆点单时，只看每页前几个；下文“Iusedtoreadthemenualongtimeinsteadofsittingbackandtalkingtomydiningcompanion.(我过去常常花很长时间阅读菜单，而不是坐下来和同伴聊天。)”指出作者以前花很多时间看菜单，耽误了和朋友聊天；C选项“Butit’sactuallyquiteliberating.(但这实际上是一种解放。)”说明了在餐馆看到菜单时只考虑每页上的前几个选项所带来的好处——让自己从太多的选择中解脱出来，有更多时间坐下来和朋友交流；选项中的代词“It”与上句中的“it”一致，都指代本段第一句中的“onlyconsiderthefirstfewoptionsoneachpage”；由此可知，C选项符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】设空处为段首句，概括本段主旨；根据下文“IcannowaccessmanyfilmsandTVseries,yetaftertenminutesoflookingthroughappsandmenus,IwillmoreoftenthannotfindmyselfwatchingwhateverChannel4hasscheduledat9pm.SobeforeIeventurnontheTV,Iaskmyself:whatdoIwanttowatch?Ithinkofaprogram.(我现在可以观看许多电影和电视剧，但在浏览应用程序和菜单十分钟后，我经常会发现自己在看第四频道在晚上9点安排的任何节目。所以在我打开电视之前，我会问自己：我想看什么？我想到一个节目。)”可知，本段是关于家庭娱乐，即在看电影或电视剧时，减少自己的选择；E选项“Thesameappliestohomeentertainment.(这同样适用于家庭娱乐。)”中的“Thesame”指代上一段最后一句中的“limitingmychoicescansometimesleadmetoawiderrangeofexperiences”，说明家庭娱乐时减少选择就意味着更多选择，下文中的“manyfilmsandTVseries”是属于家庭休闲娱乐（homeentertainment）的方式；由此可知，E选项符合本段主旨，适合作为主旨句。故选E。【19题详解】上句“SobeforeIeventurnontheTV,Iaskmyself:whatdoIwanttowatch?Ithinkofaprogram.(所以在我打开电视之前，我会问自己：我想看什么？我想到一个节目。)”作者指出自己在看电视之前先想一下自己自己想看的节目，由此推知，空处陈述想到一个节目后应该怎么做；A选项“ThenIjustwatchit.(然后我就看。)”承接上文，说明作者想好一下节目，然后直接观看，选项中的“Then”与上文构成顺序承接关系，“it”指代上文中的“aprogram”。故选A。【20题详解】上文“Ididn’tgothroughamillionTripAdvisorreviewsforthebestreplacements.IsimplywentonAirbnb,sawwhatinEnglandwasstillavailableandimmediatelybookedtheoneIcouldafford.(我没有在TripAdvisor上浏览一百万条评论来寻找最好的替代品。我只是上了Airbnb，看看英国还有什么空房，然后马上订了我能负担得起的。)”说明作者准备旅行时，没有去TripAdvisor上浏览评论，而是直接到Airbnb上订了自己能负担得起的；下文“AndnowIcanactuallyfocusonenjoyingourholiday.(现在我可以专注于享受我们的假期了。)”作者指出上文所阐述的旅行方式让作者现在度假很愉快；F选项“Bydoingso,Isavedmyselfdaysoftravelanxiety.(通过这样做，我使自己避免了几天的旅行焦虑。)”承接上文，阐述了直接上Airbnb预定给自己带来的益处，选项中的“doingso”指代上文中的“wentonAirbnb,sawwhatinEnglandwasstillavailableandimmediatelybookedtheoneIcouldafford”；由此可知，F选项符合语境，故选F。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Johnenteredacollegeandoftenworkedlateuntil12atnight．Hefellintothe___21___ofsmokingayearago．Hesmokedsomuchthathe___22___hadacigaretteonhislips．He___23___whileheread，whilehewatchedtelevisionand___24___whilehedrankacupofcoffeeortea．Hesmokednearlyfortycigarettesaday,buthewas___25___aboutit．John'sfriend，Frank，___26___manytimesto___27___himnottosmoke．“Smokingisbadforyour___28___!”hesaid,“You’dbettergiveitup．”Buthisadvicedidn’t___29___．Beforelong，John_____30_____thatheoftengotabadcough，_____31_____hewenttoseeadoctor．Thedoctor_____32_____himcarefullyandaskedwhetherheoftensmoked．Johntoldhimthe_____33_____．Thenthedoctortoldhimthathiscoughwas_____34_____bysmokingandhewouldn’tgetanybetterunlesshestoppedsmoking．“Ifnot，”saidthedoctor,“youwillnever_____35_____fromyourcoughandsomeotherillnessesmayalsobecaused．”Johnbecame_____36_____andmadeuphismindtogiveupsmoking．Atthebeginning，itwasvery_____37_____forhim．Every_____38_____whenhewantedtosmoke，hegotsomethingtoeat．Atlast，hewasnot_____39_____smokingatall．Andhenolongerhad_____40_____．21.A.hole B.habit C.interest D.love22.A.still B.sometimes C.never D.always23.A.stopped B.smoked C.ate D.played24.A.ever B.just C.even D.only25.A.happy B.angry C.doubtful D.curious26.A.forgot B.explained C.1eft D.tried27.A.advise B.force C.order D.call28.A.friendship B.study C.health D.sleep29.A.continue B.work C.return D.answer30.A.recognized B.understood C.found D.showed31A.but B.so C.though D.or32.A.saw B.judged C.watched D.examined33.A.truth B.reason C.accident D.disease34.A.followed B.kept C.caused D.resulted35.A.differ B.recover C.hear D.suffer36.A.disappointed B.sad C.sorry D.worried37.A.boring B.tiring C.difficult D.1ate38.A.day B.time C.way D.second39.A.surprisedat B.certainabout C.afraidof D.interestedin40.A.troubles B.pains C.coughs D.Cigarettes【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.D27.A28.C29.B30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B36.D37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公约翰染上吸烟的习惯，总是吸烟，但最终患上了严重的咳嗽，约翰下定决心戒烟，并最终成功的事情。【21题详解】B考查名词辨析。句意：他一年前养成了吸烟的习惯。A．hole洞；B．habit习惯；C．interest利益；D．love热爱；根据文意一年前他染上了吸烟的坏习惯，所以答案是B。【22题详解】D考查副词辨析。句意：他抽烟抽得太凶了，以至于嘴里总是叼着一支烟。A．still仍然；B．sometimes有时；C．never从不；D．always总是。根据文意他吸烟的次数很多并且他的嘴里总是叼着一支烟，所以答案是D。【23题详解】B考查动词辨析。句意：他看书的时候吸烟、看电视的时候吸烟、甚至在喝茶或喝咖啡的时候也在吸烟。A．stopped停止；B．smoked吸烟；C．ate吃；D．played玩耍；根据文意他读书的时候在吸烟，他看电视的时候在吸烟，所以答案是B。【24题详解】C考查副词辨析。A．ever曾经；B．just仅仅；C．even甚至；D．only只是；根据文意他读书的时候在吸烟，他看电视的时候在吸烟，甚至在喝茶或喝咖啡的时候也在吸烟，此处为递进关系，所以答案是C。【25题详解】A考查形容词辨析。句意：他一天吸烟将近40根，但他对此很高兴。A．happy高兴地；B．angry生气的；C．doubtful怀疑的；D．curious好奇的。他很爱吸烟，所以对此很高兴，所以答案是A。【26题详解】D考查动词辨析。句意：John的朋友Frank多次尝试劝他戒烟。A．forgot忘记；B．explained解释；C.left留下；D．tried尝试。根据语境，看到John这么能吸烟，作为朋友，Frank多次尝试劝他戒烟，所以答案是D。【27题详解】A考查动词辨析。句意同上。A．advise建议；B．force强制；C．order预定；D．call呼叫。根据语境，看到John这么能吸烟，作为朋友，Frank多次尝试劝（建议）他戒烟，所以答案是A。【28题详解】C考查名词辨析。句意：吸烟有害于你的身体健康，你最好戒掉。A．friendship友情；B．study学习；C．health健康；D．sleep睡觉；根据语境“你最好戒掉”和常识，吸烟有害健康，所以答案是C。【29题详解】B考查动词辨析。句意：但是他的建议根本不起作用。A．continue继续；B．work起作用；C．return返回；D．answer回答；根据转折连词But可知，Frank的建议根本不起作用，所以答案是B。【30题详解】C考查动词辨析。句意：不久之前，John发现他咳得很厉害。A．recognized辨认；B．understood理解；C．found发现；D．showed展示；根据常识和语境可知，每天吸那么多烟，自然会咳得很厉害，John发现发现了这种状况，所以答案是C。【31题详解】B考查连词辨析。句意：于是他去看了医生。A．but但是；B．so因此；C．though尽管；D．or或者；上文说John发现他咳得很厉害，所以他去看了医生，所以答案是B。【32题详解】D考查动词辨析。句意：医生给他仔细的做了检查并问他是否经常吸烟。A．saw看见；B．judged判断；C．watched观看；D．examined检查；到了医院，医生自然要给他做常规检查，所以答案是D。【33题详解】A考查名词辨析。句意：John告诉了医生事实。A．truth事实；B．reason原因；C．accident事故；D．disease疾病。根据语境，