2022年北京初二（下）期末英语试卷汇编：阅读单选CD篇

第1页/共1页2022北京初二（下）期末英语汇编阅读单选CD篇一、阅读单选（2022春·北京东城·八年级统考期末）Laughingisoneofthebestthingsyoucandotocheeryourselfup.SoIactivelymakeahabittolaughregularly—andIthinkyoushould,too.Laughterisgoodforyourhealth.It’salsogoodforpersonaldevelopment.Laughtercanimprovesleep,increasecreativethinking,andprovideanenvironmentthatincreaseslearningaswell.Youmightthinkthatallthissoundsencouraging,butyoujustdon’thavemanychancestolaughinyourownlife.Thegoodnewsisthatyoudon’thavetowaitforlaughtertoappearinyourlife.Hereareafewsuggestionstogetyoustarted.Findchancestolaughallthroughtheday.Thinkoffunnythingsatsomemomentsduringtheday.Insteadofthinkingaboutyourproblems,thinkofafunnyexperience,afunnyjoke,orsomethingfunnythatyousawinamovieorTVshow.Replayitinyourmindasyoudohousework,waitinline,orotheractivitiesthatleaveyourmindfree.Exaggerate(夸张)yourlaughter.Whensomeonesayssomethingfunny,don’tjustsmile—laughoutloud.Everyonearoundyouwilllaughmoreandthatwillgetyoulaughingmorealso.What’smore,thepersonwhosharesthefunnythingwillfeelsohappy.IfyouarewatchingafunnyshowonTVanditmakesyoulaugh,don’tjustgiveasmallhalf-heartedlaugh.Givealoudlaughter!It’sjustyouandtheTV.Turnyourcomplaints(抱怨)intofunnystories.Insteadofcomplainingaboutlife’sdifficulties,makeupafunnystoryaboutthem,andtellthemtoyourfriends.You’lllaughtwice.Onceasyoufind“thefunny”inwhathashappenedtoyou,andagainwhenyouactuallytellittoyourfriends.Andyourstorywillmakeyourfriendslaugh.Soyourbadexperiencehasasilverlining—itisputtingalotmorelaughterintotheworld.Laughandtheworldlaughswithyou.Notonlydoeslaughterimproveyourhealth,butyoucanalsouselaughtertohelpothers.Don’tkeepallthelaughtertoyourself.Leteveryonehavethebenefitsoflaughter.Youcanuselaughtertomakeeveryonearoundyoufeelmorecheerfulandhopeful,andperhapsimproveyourexperiencewiththem.1．What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Theartoflaughter. B．Theadvantagesoflaughter.C．Thewaystomakepeoplelaughmore. D．Thereasonswhylaughterisgoodforhealth.2．Theexpression“asilverlining”inParagraph8probablymeans________.A．somethingdisappointing B．somethingtrueC．somethingterrible D．somethinggood3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Sharingyourlaughterwithfriendsismeaningful.B．Dosomefunnythingsbeforethinkingofproblems.C．It’sstrangetolaughoutloudwhenapersonisalone.D．Peoplealwaysmakeupfunnystoriesabouttheircomplaints.（2022春·北京东城·八年级统考期末）Welearnmanythingsatschool,butmostofusdon’tlearnhowtomakethemostofthetimewehave.However,reachingaschool-lifebalance(平衡)isoneofthemostimportantthingsforstudentslikeyoutounderstand.Asmanyofyouhurriedlydoyourbesttoearn(获得)asmanyvolunteerhoursorworkexperienceaspossible,dosportsandotheractivitiesoutsidetheclassroom,it’shardnottoletthosethingsimpact(影响)yourgrades.LetmeintroduceyoutoawayIcall“Value-BasedTimeBlocking”.Themostimportantthingistodiscoverwhatyourcore(核心)valuesareandmakesurethatyourtimetableshowsthat.Thekeyisn’ttospendmostofyourtimeonwhatyoupersonallyvalueasmostimportant—instead,thinkhowmuchtimeyouneedtospendineachareaofyourlifetokeepaschool-lifebalance.Here’sanexample:let’ssaythatyouneedvolunteerexperienceinafield.Trynottostartthevolunteerworktooquicklywithoutthinkingaboutwhetheryouenjoytheexperienceornot,thinkabouthowoftenandforhowlongyouwanttobevolunteering.Youmayrealizethatvolunteeringafewhoursonceaweekisenoughforyoutogettheexperienceyouneed,andafewhours’workwillnotimpactyourgrades.Togetstarted,writedownasmanyofyourpersonalvaluesontoapieceofpaperasyoucan.Onceyouhaveatleast20,underlineyourtop5.Next,thinkaboutallthethingsyouwouldliketofinish.Incomparingwhatyou’dliketodoandyourtop5values,scratchout(划掉)anythingthatdoesn’tgowithmostofthesevalues.Finally,thinkabouthowmuchtimeyouwanttospendoneachtaskasitconnectstoyourvalues.Howweuseourtimeisachoice.Youdon’thavetodoallthethings,especiallynotallatonce.Youcanchoosetodoonlyafewthings.Ifyoumakethedecisiontotryyourbestandtoenjoythetimeyouspendonthem,youcanstillgetcompetitivegradesandhaveasatisfyinglifeoutsidetheclassroom,butithastobeachoice.4．Accordingto“Value-BasedTimeBlocking”,studentsshould________.A．dotheactivitiesthattheywouldliketodoB．decidehowmuchtimetospendineachareaoflifeC．discoverinwhatareatheyspendmostoftheirtimeD．spendmostoftheirtimeonwhattheypersonallyvaluemost5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Studentsarenotclearaboutwhattheircorevaluesare.B．Studentsneedtofindtheconnectionbetweenschoolandlife.C．Studentsshouldspendtimeonwhatconnectswiththeirvalues.D．Studentsneedlittlevolunteerexperiencewhentheyareatschool.6．What’sthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Tosuggestawayoffindingaschool-lifebalance.B．Totelltheimportanceofreachingaschool-lifebalance.C．Toexplainwhystudentsenjoylifeoutsidetheclassroom.D．Toshowhowactivitiesoutsidetheclassroomimpactgrades.（2022春·北京西城·八年级统考期末）AlthoughwemaynothavetheabilitytopainttheMonaLisa,createmusiclikeMozart,orwritenovelslikeHemingway,everyoneisbornwithaspecialability—creativity(创造力).Somepeoplecanfindandlearntoshowitearly,whileothersmightdiscoveritlaterinlife.Weareallcreative,andweneedtocreateasmuchasweneedtoeat,breatheandsleep.Creativityhasdifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople,butunluckilyalotofthingsmaystiflethedevelopmentofit.Andtheimportanceofcreativityisnotvaluedasmuchasitshouldbe.However,ithasapowerfuleffect(影响)onone’soverallabilitytogettruehappinessandsuccessinlife.Ifwestifleourcreativityorloweritsimportance,wemaycreateblockages(阻碍)inotherpartsoflife.Thiscanstopusfromimprovingthingslikehealth,workandpersonalrelationships.Nomatterhowbusyoneis,itisveryimportanttoleavesometimetodevelopcreativity.Tryingoutdifferenthobbiesisagreatwaytodiscoverone’screativitybecauseitcanbeveryenjoyable.Somepeoplefindonehobbyandfalldeeplyinlovewithit.Somepeopleprefertotrydifferenthobbiesforshorttime,orchangethemupeachseasontostayinterestedandkeeptryingdifferentthings.Onegreatthingaboutahobbyisthattherearenosetrules.Eachpersongetstodecidehowoftentheywanttodoitandwhethertheywanttokeepitforalongtimeormoveontosomethingelseaftertryingitforafewweeksormonths.Anothercoolthingabouthobbiesisthatonecanenjoythemquietlywhenspendingsomefreetimealone,orasawaytofitinacommunity(集体).Bookclubs,artorcookingclasses,gardeningclubs—nearlyeverytypeofhobbyoffersachancetomeetwithotherpeoplewiththesameinterestandbuildrelationships.Thiscouldbehelpfulonbothapersonalandaprofessional(专业的)level.Hobbiescanbeagreatwaytocreateacommunityamongco-workers.Sometimesifco-workersarenotgettingalong,havingthemtakepartinaseeminglynon-work-relatedhobbycanbegreatforcreatingcommonground.Usually,thesimpleactofdevelopinghobbiescanprovideachanceforapersontofindandshowhisorhercreativity,whichwillproducegreatactivechanges.Whenpeopleexperiencesomethingassimpleandgreatascreatingsomethingbeautifulthroughhobbies,theybegintolookattheworld—anddailyenvironments—inafresh,newway.7．Fromthepassage,wecanknow________.A．weareallbornwithcreativity B．creativitycomesfromhappinessC．peopleusuallyvaluecreativityverymuch D．creativitymeansthesamethingtoeveryone8．Theunderlinedword“stifle”inParagraph1probablymeans“________”.A．improve B．produce C．stop D．lose9．What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Therearenosetrulestodevelopcreativity.B．Tryingdifferenthobbieshaslotsofadvantages.C．It’senjoyabletotrydifferenthobbiesatdifferenttime.D．Wecandevelopcreativitybytryingdifferenthobbies.10．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．takingupsimplehobbieswon’tchangepeople’slivesB．creativitycanhelppeopletolookattheworldactivelyC．it’sbettertohavealong-timehobbythanfindanewoneD．enjoyingahobbyalonecanhelpfitinacommunitywell（2022春·北京海淀·八年级统考期末）Educationdoesn’tonlytakeplaceintheclassroom—itcanhappenanywhere.Museumsareoneoftheplacesstudentsvisitforgoodreason.Withtheirrealartifacts（工艺品）andexhibitions（展览）,museumsprovideaniceenvironmenttoenrichstudents’learningindifferentkindsoffields.AccordingtotheInternationalCouncilofMuseums,therewereabout55,000museumsworldwidein2017.Manyofthemarefree,soschoolsneedn’tworryaboutthecosts.Animportantroleofmuseumsineducationistheexperiencetheyprovide.AccordingtoArtNews.comin2015,therewerethreemost-visitedexhibitionsinNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt—“TreasuresofTutankhamen”,“MonaLisa”and“TheVaticanCollections”.Whatalltheseexhibitionshaveincommonistheirhistoricalimportanceandtheone-of-a-kindexperiencethatthevisitorshave.Toreadorhearabouttheartifactsisnotthesameasseeingtheminperson,whichcanbealife-changingexperience.“MonaLisa”istheworkofartwithgreatvalue.Standingface-to-facewithsuchafamousworkwithone’sowneyescanbringstudentsanewunderstandingofthework,anexperiencethattheycan’tgetanywhereelse.Intheclassroom,educatorscanteachstudentsthroughtalks,videos,orreadings.Museumtripscannotonlyexcitestudents,butalsoserveasasupplement（补充）forthingsdiscussedinclass.Inmuseums,studentscanconnectwhattheyseewiththeirclassexperiences.Therefore,studentscanhaveacompleteunderstandingofthethingmoreeasily.Asmuseumshavemuchtodowithhistoryorartifactsofthepast,ithasbeenadifficulttaskforthemtokeepupwiththetechnologiesoftoday.Thecompetitorofamuseumisshortvideosorcomputergames,insteadofothermuseums.Museumshavechosentobringtechnologiesintoexhibitions.Forexample,Wi-Fiallowsthegueststogetthemuseumapp,whichservestobettertheexhibits.Althoughtechnologyisgettingastrongerholdontheworld,thereisstillthewantforarealmuseumexperienceineducation,especiallywithourstudents.11．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Studentscanlearnmanythingsinmuseums.B．Museumtripswillcostschoolsalotofmoney.C．Museumtripsareusuallyboringforthestudents.D．Studentsmainlylearnthroughreadinginmuseums.12．Thewritermentions“MonaLisa”inParagraph3toshowthat________.A．it’saworld-famousartworkofgreatvalueB．it’saspecialexperiencetoseeartifactsinpersonC．museumshelpeducatorsteachbetteroutsideschoolD．museumsprovidestudentswithachancetolearnhistory13．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howcanmuseumshelpeducators? B．Whydomuseumsneedtechnologies?C．Howshouldstudentslearninmuseums? D．Whydostudentsstillneedtovisitmuseums?（2022春·北京海淀·八年级统考期末）Weallhavetrouble,andoftenmakemistakes.However,manyofusfindithardtoadmit（承认）themtoothers.Somostofuswouldkeeptheproblemstoourselves.Webelievethatourtroubleandmistakesshowourweakness,andweareafraidtoletothersseeusasnotgoodenough.Thegoodnewsisthatourworriesaboutthenegativeevaluations（负面评价）fromothersmaynotseemasseriousasweimagine.Aresearchsuggestedthatwesawouractofshowingweaknessmorenegativelythanothersdid,andresearcherscalledthisthe“beautifulmesseffect（效应）”.Inotherwords,wemaynotbesuchamessaswethink.Thiseffectcanstopusfromsharingourtruefeelingsandneeds,whichcanactuallyhavemanyadvantages.Forexample,studiesshowthatsharingpersonalinformationaboutoneselfmayhelpbuildclosenessandtrust,whilesayingsorrysincerelycouldrepairafracturedrelationship.Therefore,researcherswantedtoknowhowwecouldgetoverthe“beautifulmesseffect”.Theirnewexperimentssuggestthatbeingself-compassionate（自我同情）canbeveryhelpfulwhenwewanttofindbeautyinthemessofourownweakness.Inthestudy,researchersinvited340universitystudentstotakepartinfourexperiments.Inoneofthem,studentswereaskedtoimaginethemselvesoranotherpersonadmittingtotheirbossthatthey’dmadeahugemistakeonaproject.Then,studentsneededtoevaluatethisact:Didtheyseeitasanactofshowingone’scourageorweakness?Finally,researchersevaluatedhowself-compassionatethestudentswere.Thestudyshowedthatstudentswithlowself-compassionevaluatedtheirownactmorenegativelythanwhentheyimaginedothersadmittingthesamemistake.Highlyself-compassionatestudents,ontheotherhand,werenotmuchinfluencedbythe“beautifulmesseffect”.Inotherwords,self-compassionhelpsusevaluateouractofshowingweaknessmorefairly,stoppingusfrombeingtoohardonourselves.Luckily,ourlevelofself-compassionisnotfixedandcanberaisedifwewantto.Withakindandcaringattitudetowardsourselves,wecanbecomemorecomfortablewithshowingourweakness.Thispractice,inturn,canimproveourrelationships.14．Whydopeoplekeeptheirproblemstothemselvesaccordingtothepassage?A．Tomakeasfewmistakesaspossible. B．Toprotecttheirpersonalinformation.C．Tobuildnicerelationshipswithothers. D．Tostayawayfromnegativeevaluations.15．Theword“fractured”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.A．beautiful B．possible C．healthy D．broken16．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．wehavemoreadvantagesthanwethinkB．othersdon’tthinkweareamessaswedoC．it’seasytoshareourweaknesswithothersD．wecan’tgetoverthe“beautifulmesseffect”17．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Todiscusssomewaystogetoverweakness.B．Toencouragepeopletobeself-compassionate.C．Toinvitepeopletosharetheirworrieseveryday.D．Tointroducetherisksofthe“beautifulmesseffect”.（2022春·北京朝阳·八年级统考期末）Whenyouareonline,youcanbeanyoneoranything.Youcancreateapictureofapersonorananimalthatrepresentsyourselfonacomputerscreen.Thesedigitalidentities(身份)areakeypartofhowpeopleusetheInternettocommunicateandexpressthemselves.Peoplecallthemavatars.Thefirstsimple2Davatarsappearedinrole-playingcomputergamesinthe1980s.Yet,veryfewpeopleknewthatfutureavatarswouldhavesuchwidekindsofformsanduses.Sincethelate1990s,peoplehavestartedusingtheminonlinecommunicationlikeWeChatandQQ.Whenpeoplestartedcreatingtheirownavatars,theyfoundthattheyweregoingtohavethechancetocreatenewidentitiesthatdidnotlookoractliketheirrealselvesatall.Theycoulddresstheiravatarsinstrangeclothes,ortheycouldtrybeingsomeoneoftheothersex,andcallthemselves“Tony”butnot“Betty”!WhenInternetusersfoundthatnotonlytheirfriends,butalsomanyotherpeoplewouldseetheiravatars,theystartedhavingmorethanoneavatar:agood-lookingoneforwork;afriendlyoneformeetingpeople;andasillyoneforhavingfun.Avatarsletyouexpressyourselfandtheygiveyoulotsofspaceforcreativity.Ofcourse,theavataryouchooseshowsyourpersonality.IfyourQQavatarisapictureofacutecat,yourmessageis“Ilikerelaxingandhavingfun”.Famouscartooncharacterssay“Iamareallyfunnyperson”.Besides,mostpeoplecreateavatarsthathavesimilarities(相似点)tothemselvesandthatlookmoreorlesslikethemandactlikethem.Nowadays,althoughavatarsareeverywhere,theuseofavatarshasalsocausedafewdifferentopinions.Someusersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtual(虚拟的)worldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeetingpeopleintherealworld.Theuseofseveralavatarscanalsobearisk,aspeoplecanuseavatarstodosomethingbadtoothersonline.However,otherusersseeavatarsinamorepositive(积极的)way.Theylookforwardtoatimewhentheiravatarwillactlikearealpersonandtravelaroundbigger,moreexcitingvirtualworlds.18．Theword“avatars”inParagraph1probablymeans“_________”.A．somecomputergamesinthe1980s B．yourdigitalidentitiesontheInternetC．yourownimageandpersonalityinreallife D．onlinecommunicationlikeQQandWeChat19．Accordingtothepassage,peoplehaveusedavatarsto________.A．travelaroundtheworld B．showtheirownpersonalityC．makefriendsintherealworld D．communicateeverywhereallthetime20．What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Thesuggestionsonusingavatars. B．Thepossiblefutureofavatars.C．Someproblemscausedbyavatars. D．Differentopinionsaboutavatars.（2022春·北京朝阳·八年级统考期末）Thinkofasmallthing—apieceofchalk,forexample.Areyourememberingitsname,itsshape,oritscolor?Areyourememberingthesounditmakeswhentheteacherwritesontheblackboard?Scientistssaythatmemory(记忆)includesdifferentpartsofthebrain,suchaslanguageandtheabilityofsense.Theybelievethatyoubegintocreateamemorywhenyounoticesomethingwithyoursenses.Then,thesensesystemsendsmessagestodifferentbraincells(细胞),whichjointogethertoformconnections.Anewconnectiongoesintoyourshort-termmemory.Itstaysthereforabout30seconds,andthenitiseitherlostorstoredinyourlong-termmemory.Havingagoodmemorymeansmakinglotsofconnectionsandkeepingtheminyourlong-termmemory.Todothis,youneedtoputyourbraininexcellentcondition.Eatplentyofbrainfoodsuchasfishoil,fruitandvegetables.Laughteralsomakesyourbrainmoreactive.Also,don’tforgettoexercise.Sodosomesportsorjustmovearoundalotinthehouse.Finally,getplentyofsleep.Thiswillmakeyourmemoriesgrowstronger.Whenyouwanttoremembernewinformation,youmustpayspecialattention.Useyoursenses—sight,smell,hearingandtouch—andkeeprepeating(重复)theinformation.Inordertodowellinyourteststhisyear,youneedtoturnofftheTV,silenceyourmobile,andgooveryourworkregularly(有规律地).Inthisway,youmakesuretouseyourfullsensesonyourtestonly.Toremembersomethingspecial,itisagoodideatouseyourimaginationtocreatevisual(视觉的)connections.Forexample,youneedtotakeapencil,aneraserandyourIDcardtoyournexttest.Peopleprefertopicturethethreethingsintoananimal,imaginingtheIDcardasthebodyoftheanimal,thepencilasitslongneck,andtheeraserasitshead.Itmaysoundcrazy,butit’sfunandithelpsyourememberwhatyouneedtokeepinyourmind!21．InParagraph1,thewritertalksaboutapieceofchalkto_________.A．leadtothetopicofthearticle B．showtheimportanceofchalkC．letreadersremembertheword D．makereadersknowhisfavorite22．Afterbraincellsformanewconnection,________.A．itisstoredinthesensesystem B．itsendsmessagestodifferentcellsC．itgoesintotheshort-termmemory D．itputsthebraininexcellentcondition23．Thethirdparagraphismainlyabouthowto________.A．dowellintests B．gooveryourworkC．makeyourmemoriesstronger D．helpyourbodyingoodcondition24．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Memoryhasnothingtodowiththeabilityofsense.B．Peoplecanuseimaginationtorememberspecialthings.C．Peoplejustneedrepeatingtoremembernewinformation.D．Ourbrainisdifficulttopicturedifferentthingstoimprovememory.（2022春·北京通州·八年级统考期末）ImagineyouarestudyingEnglish.Butthenyoufeeltheneedtocheckyourphone.Perhapsyoulookonsocialmedia.Youreturntoyourstudies,onlytolookagainatyourphoneashorttimelater.Whenyourepeated(重复)itmanytimes,itcouldreduce(降低)yourabilitytolearnnewmaterialandyoucouldn’tfocus(集中)onyourlearningmaterial.Itiswhatyoumightcallabadhabit—acustomorrepeatedactionthathasabadinfluenceonyourstudy.Today,wewillexplorehowyoucanbreakbadhabits,suchasrepeatedlycheckingyourphone.

JamesClear,inhisbookAtomicHabits,describesfourstepsbywhichhabitsaremade.Thesesleepsarecue(暗示),craving(渴望),response(回复),andreward(奖励).

Acueisasignal.Ittellsyourbraintodosomething:tobeginabehavior.Itisacausethattellsyourbraintogointothismodeandmaketheactionstart.Acravingisadesireforsomething.Theresponseisthehabitthatyouperform.Theresponsegivesyouareward.“Rewardsaretheendgoalofeveryhabit,”Clearwrites.

Inourcellphoneexample,thecueisseeingthecellphone.Thecravingisthedesiretocheckyourphone.Theresponseischeckingyourphone.Therewardmightbeseeingsomethinginterestingonsocialmedia,forexample.

JamesClearnotesthattobreakbadhabits,youneedtothinkabouteachstepinthehabit—makingprocess.Tobreakahabit,hewrites,youshouldthinkaboutmakingthebadhabitinvisible,unattractive,difficultandunsatisfying.Tomakeyourphoneinvisible,youcouldhideitaway.Tomakeitunattractive,youcouldthinkaboutwhyitisagoodideatostopcheckingthephone.Tomakephoneusedifficult,youcanincreasethespacebetweenyouandyourphone.Tomakeyourphoneunsatisfying,youcouldaskafamilymembertowatchyouandpointoutwhenyoucheckyourphone.Youcouldpromisetopaythatperson＄2everytimeyoulookatthephonewhileyouarestudying.

Today,wediscussedideasforreducingyourcellphoneuse.Butyoucanusetheseideastobreakotherbehaviors.Theimportantthingtorememberisthatpeoplecanchangetheirhabits.Habitchangestaketime.Butwithpatience,planning,andrepetition(重复)youcandoit.25．Thewriterusescheckingphonesasanexampletoshowthat________.A．whatisthebestwaytousecellphonesB．whycellphonesarepopularinourlifeC．whenweshouldcheckourcellphonesD．howbadhabitsinfluenceourstudy26．Theword“invisible”inParagraph5means________.A．impossibletoseeB．hardtoreadC．easytounderstandD．difficulttostop27．Thewriterwantstotellus________.A．wecanbreakourbadhabitsifwereallywanttomakeachangeB．wecanchangebadhabitsbyimprovingtheenvironmentaroundusC．familyisthemainreasonforchangingourbadhabitsD．stoppingusingcellphonesiseasy,butotherhabitsaredifficulttochange（2022春·北京通州·八年级统考期末）Haveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthesecomputer-drivendriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroadsnearyou.CompanieslikeGoogleandTeslaaretestingthesecars,andthetechnologyisthere—theyjustneedtoseeifthey’revalueformoneyandrunfinalteststochecktheycanrunalongsidehuman-drivencarsontheroad.

Sohowdotheywork?Thecarshavesensors(传感器)allaroundwhichcandetectothercarsintheroad.Sensorsonthewheelsalsohelpwhenparking,sothecarknowshowfaritisfromothercars.Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystems(卫星导航系统)areusedsothecarknowshowtogetyouwhereyouneedtogo.Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformationitreceivesfromthesensorsandcamerasandworksoutthebestroute.

Soundlikegreatideas?Sittingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmorreadingabookwhiledrivingwouldbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.Youwouldn’tworryaboutrememberingdirectionstowhereyou’regoing.Theywouldalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople—theydon’tgetdistracted(分心)bymusicorfriends,theywouldobeythespeedlimitandtheyhavequickerreactions(反应)whentheyareindangersituation.

However,therearemanydrawbacks(缺点)ofdriverlesscars.Computerswouldhavedifficultiesmakingethical(道德的)decisions:ifachildrunsintotheroad,willthecomputerchoosetohitthechildormakeaturnanditmaykillthecar’spassengers?Moreover,peoplewilllosethefunofdriving.Therearemorethingspeoplehavetothinkabout—shouldchildren,ordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Orwouldthereneedtobeanadultwithadrivinglicenseinthecaratalltimes?

Althoughdriverlesscarsmeanthatnooneneedsadrivinglicense,savingmoneyforeveryone,manypeoplewouldbeputoutofajobbythisinvention.Bus,taxi,andtraindriversmaylosetheirjobs.

I’mnotsureI’dwantadriverlesscar—butit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey’llbecomemoreaffordableandcommonplaceonourroads.28．Thesecondparagraphisabout________.A．whydriverlesscarsarepopularB．howdriverlesscarsworkontheroadC．whenpeoplecanusedriverlesscarsD．whichservicesthedriverlesscarscanprovide29．Thewriterthinksthatdriverlesscarscan________.A．besaferandreactquickerthanhumandriversB．knowdirectionsbecausetheycanlookupthemapswhiledrivingC．typeintheaddresswiththehelpofsensorsandcamerasD．makeethicaldecisionwiththehelpofcomputers30．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthedriverlesscars?________A．Driverlesscarsarenowpopularontheroad.B．Thewritercouldn’thavethecarbecauseitistooexpensive.C．Thewritersuggestseveryoneshouldhavethiskindofcar.D．Theyhaveabrightfuturealthoughtheyhavesomedrawbacks.31．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?________A．Driverlesscars:anaffordableinventionB．Driverlesscars:asocialimprovement?C．Driverlesscars:agreatorproblematicinvention?D．Driverlesscars:thevalueofthisinvention

参考答案1．B

2．D

3．A【导语】本文主要介绍了笑对人的好处，并给出了几点关于“笑”的建议。1．主旨大意题。根据“Laughterisgoodforyourhealth.It’salsogoodforpersonaldevelopment.”可知，笑对健康有好处，对人的发展也有好处；故本段主要介绍了笑的优点。故选B。2．词句猜测题。根据后文“itisputtingalotmorelaughterintotheworld”可知，你的糟糕经历会给世界带来笑声，可推知你的这种经历是一种“好的事情”。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youcanuselaughtertomakeeveryonearoundyoufeelmorecheerfulandhopeful,andperhapsimproveyourexperiencewiththem.”可知，笑声可以让周围的人感到愉快和充满希望，对他们有好处，故推知和朋友分享笑也是有意义的。故选A。4．B

5．C

6．A【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者向我们介绍了一种达到学校——生活平衡的方式，即把时间花在与价值观相关的事情上。4．细节理解题。根据第三段“instead,thinkhowmuchtimeyouneedtospendineachareaofyourlifetokeepaschool-lifebalance.”可知，根据“基于价值的时间阻塞”，学生们应该决定在