英语职称考试B级

2010年职称英语考试卫生类B级真题及参考答案

(备注：每道题中的红色字体为正确选项)

第1部分：词汇选项(第1〜15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确

定1个意义最为接近

的选项。

1.Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandvery(funny)dialogues.

AlongB.boringC.originalD.humorous

2.Intheprocess,thelightenergy(converts)toheatenergy.

AchangesB.reducesC.leavesD.drops

3.Patriciastaredattheothergirlswith(resentment).

AangerB.doubtC.loveD.surprise

4.Thethiefwasfinally(captured)twomilesawayfromthevillage.

AcaughtB.killedC.foundD.jailed

5.Suchadatabasewouldbeextremelycostlyto(setup).

AtransferB.destroyC.establishD.update

6.Ifweleavenow,weshould(miss)thetraffic.

AdirectB.stopC.mixD.avoid

7.He'sspentyears(cultivating)aknowledgeofart.

AsharingB.usingC.denyingD.developing

8.Thetwobankshaveannouncedplansto(merge)nestyear.

AcombineB.sellC.closeD.break

9.Manycitieshave(restricted)smokinginpublicplaces.

AlimitedB.allowedC.stoppedD.kept

10.Iwanttoprovidemyboyswitha(decent)education.

AgoodB.specialC.privateD.general

11.Whataremychancesof(promotion)if1stayhere.

AretirementB.advertisementC.advancementD.replacement

12.We'veseena(marked)shiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.

AclearB.regularC.quickD.great

13.Herfatherwasaquietmanwith(graceful)manners.

ApoliteB.similarC.usualD.bad

14.Therewasa(profound)silenceafterisremark.

AproudB.shortC.suddenD.deep

15.Thedocumentwas(compiled)bytheDepartmentofHealth.

AwrittenB.printedC.attachedD.sent2010年职称英语考试卫

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B级真题及参考答案

13

第2部分：阅读判断(第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出

判断；如果该句提供

的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；

如果该句的信息文中没

有提及，请选择Co

BreastCancerDeathsRecordLow

Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoarecord

lowbydippingunder

12,000ayearforthefirsttimesincerecordsbegan.

TheCancerResearchUKdatashowedthat11,990womendiedintheUK

in2007.

Thepreviouslowestfigurehadbeenrecordedin1971-theyearrecords

began-afterwhichit

rosesteadilyyear-on-yearuntilthelate1980s.

ProfessorPeterJohnson,CancerResearchUK'schiefclinician,said:"It's

incredibly

encouragingtoseefewerwomendyingfrombreastcancernowthanat

anytimeinthelast40years,

despitebreastcancerbeingdiagnosedmoreoften.

uResearchhasplayedacrucialroleinthisprogressleadingtoimproved

treatmentsandbetter

managementforwomenwiththedisease.

“TheintroductionoftheNHSbreastscreeningprogrammehasalso

contributedaswomenare

morelikelytosurvivetheearliercancerisdiagnosed.,5

BreastcancerisnowthemostcommoncancerintheUKwith45,500

womeneveryyear

diagnosedwiththedisease-a50%risein25years.

Thenumberofdeathspeakedin1989,when15,625womendied.Itthen

fellbybetween200

and400deathseachyearuntil2004.

Therewasaslightrisein2005andthentwoyearsoffalls.

DrSarahCant,policymanageratBreakthroughBreastCancer,said:"Itis

greatnewsthat

fewerwomenaredyingfrombreastcancerandhighlightstheimpactof

improvedtreatments,

breastscreeningandawarenessofthedisease.

uHowever,thisisstilltoomanywomenandincidenceofthediseaseis

increasing

year-on-year.M

Therisingrateofbreastcancerdiagnosishasbeenputdowntoavariety

offactorsincluding

obesityandalcoholconsumption.

16.11,990womendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKin2007.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.BreastcancerdeathsbegantoberecordedintheUKin1971.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.TherateofbreastcancerdiagnosisintheUKhasbeendropping.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.Breastcancercancomeback10yearsafteryouwerefirst

diagnosed.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20.BreastcancerismorecommonintheUKthaninmanyother

countries.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.FewerwomendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKin2005thanin

2004.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.Obesityandalcoholconsumptionmayalsoleadtosomeother

diseases.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23〜30题，每题1分，共8

分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个

选项中为指定段落

每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中

为每个句子确定一个最佳

选项。

Parkinson'sDisease

1.Parkinson'sdiseaseaffectsthewayyoumove.Ithappenswhenthere

isaproblemwithcertainnervecellsinthebrain.Normally,thesenerve

cellsmakeanimportantchemicalcalleddopamine.Dopaminesends

signalstothepartofyourbrainthatcontrolsmovement.Itletsyour

musclesmovesmoothlyanddowhatyouwantthemtodo.Whenyou

haveParkinson's,thesenervecellsbreakdown.Thenyounolongerhave

enoughdopamine,andyouhavetroublemovingthewayyouwantto.

2.Nooneknowsforsurewhatmakesthesenervecellsbreakdown.But

scientistsaredoingalotofresearchtolookfortheanswer.Theyare

studyingmanypossiblecauses,includingagingandpoisonsinthe

environment.AbnormalgenesseemtoleadtoParkinson'sdiseasein

somepeople.Butsofar,thereisnotenoughprooftoshowthatitis

alwaysinherited.

3.Tremormaybethefirstsymptomyounotice.Itisoneofthemost

commonsignsofthedisease,althoughnoteveryonehasit.More

importantly,noteveryonewithatremorhasParkinson'sdisease.Tremor

oftenstartsinjustonearmorlegoronlyononesideofthebody.Itmay

beworsewhenyouareawakebutnotmovingtheaffectedarmorleg.It

maygetbetterwhenyoumovethelimboryouareasleep.Intime,

Parkinson'saffectsmusclesallthroughyourbody,soitcanleadto

problemsliketroubleswallowingorconstipation.Inthelaterstagesof

thedisease,apersonwithParkinson'smayhaveafixedorblank

expression,troublespeaking,andotherproblems.Somepeoplealsohave

adecreaseinmentalskills(dementia).

4.Atthistime,thereisnocureforParkinsonJsdisease.Butthereare

severaltypesofmedicinesthatcancontrolthesymptomsandmakethe

diseaseeasiertolivewith.Youmaynotevenneedtreatmentifyour

symptomsaremild.Yourdoctormaywaittoprescribemedicinesuntil

yoursymptomsstarttogetinthewayofyourdailylife.Yourdoctorwill

adjustyourmedicinesasyoursymptomsgetworse.Youmayneedtotake

severalmedicinestogetthebestresults.

23.Paragraph1

答案：E(definitionofParkinsonJsdisease)

24.Paragraph2

答案：C(Possiblecausesofthedisease)2010年职称英语考试卫

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B级真题及参考答案

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25.Paragraph3

答案：B(Typicalsymptomsofthedisease)

26.Paragraph4

答案：A(commontreatmentforthedisease)

A.CommonTreatmentfortheDisease

B.TypicalSymptomsoftheDisease

C.PossibleCausesoftheDisease

D.MeansofDiagnosisoftheDisease

E.DefinitionofParkinson?sDisease

F.TipsforPatientswiththeDisease

27.You511findithardtomovethewayyouwantto.

D.ifthereisn'tenoughdopamine（多巴胺）inyourbody.

28.Alotofresearchisbeingdonetofindout.

A.whatcausesParkinson'sdisease

29.OneofthemostcommonsignsofParkinson'sis

tremor,.

C.whichmaybethefirstsymptomyounotice.

30.ApersonwithParkinson'shastolearntolivewiththe

disease,.

F.whichcannotbecuredyet

A.whatcausesParkinson'sdisease

B.whataffectsmusclesallthroughyourbody

C.whichmaybethefirstsymptomyounotice

D.ifthereisn'tenoughdopamineinyourbody

E.ifyouhaveafixedorblankexpression

F.whichcannotbecuredyet

第4部分：阅读理解（第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题

确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

HumanHeartCanMakeNewCells

Solvingalongstanding（为时甚久的）mystery,scientistshavefoundthat

thehumanheart

continuestogeneratenewcardiac（心脏的）cellsthroughoutthelifespan,

althoughtherateofnew

cellproductionslowswithage.

Thefinding,publishedintheApril3issueofScience,couldopenanew

pathforthetreatment

ofheartdiseasessuchasheartfailureandheartattack,expertssay.

"Wefindthatthebeatingcellsintheheart,cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,

arerenewed,“said

leadresearcherDr.JonasFrisen,aprofessorofstemcellresearchatthe

KarolinskaInstitutein

Stockholm,Sweden."Ithaspreviouslynotbeenknownwhetherwewere

limitedtothe

cardiomyocyteswearebomwithoriftheycouldberenewed,“hesaid.

每天1小时

4周攻克职称英语周计划卫生类（适用于ABC级）

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Theprocessofrenewingthesecellschangesovertime,Frisenadded.Ina

20-year-old,about1percentofcardiomyocytesareexchangedeachyear,

buttheturnover（更替）ratedecreaseswithagetoonly0.45percentby

age75.

“Ifwecanunderstandhowthegenerationofnewcardiomyocytesis

regulated,itmaybepotentiallypossibletodeveloppharmaceuticalsthat

promotethisprocesstostimulateregenerationafter,forexample,aheart

attack,,5Frisensaid.

Thatcouldleadtotreatmentthathelpsrestoredamagedhearts."Alotof

peoplesufferfromchronicheartfailure,“notedco-authorDr.Ratan

Bhardwaj,alsofromtheKarolinskaInstitute."Chronicheartfailurearises

fromheartcellsdying,hesaid.Withthisfinding,scientistsare“opening

thedoortopotentialtherapiestohavingourselveshealourselves,“

Bhardwajsaid."Maybeonecoulddeviseapharmaceutical（药物）agent

thatwouldmakeheartcellsmakenewandmorecellstoovercomethe

problemtheyarefacing.,5

Butbarriersremain.AccordingtoBhardwaj,scientistsdonotyetknow

howtoincreaseheartcellproductiontoaratethatwouldreplacecells

fasterthantheyaredyingoff,especiallyinolderpatientswithheart

failure.Inaddition,thenumberofnewcellstheheartproduceswas

estimatedusinghealthyhearts—whethertherateofcellturnoverin

diseasedheartsisthesameremainsunknown.

31.Thehumanheartstopsproducingcardiaccells

A.whenapersonbecomesold.

B.assoonasapersongetssick.

C.immediatelyafterapersonisbom.

D.onceapersondies.V

32.Thefindingcouldprovetobeusefulto

A.theanalysisofcardiaccells.

B.thepreventionofchronicdiseases.

C.thetreatmentofheartdiseases.V

D.thestudyoflongstandingmysteries.

33.Inpeoplewho'reintheirmid-70s,only0.45percentof

cardiomyocytes

A.arestillfunctional.

B.arereducedeachyear.

C.arereplacedeachyear.V

D.aredamagedeachyear.

34.Chronicheartfailureisattributedto

A.thedyingheartcells.J

B.theeffectsofpharmaceuticals.

C.theweightofthepatient.

D.thelifespanofaperson.

35.Itremainsunknownwhethertherateofcellturnoverindiseased

hearts2010年职称英语考试卫生类

B级真题及参考答案

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A.ishighenoughtoreplacecellsfasterthantheyJredyingoff.

B.isofanyusetoresearchers

C.isthesameasthatinhealthyhearts.J

D.changesovertime.

弟一^扁

TheIceman

OnaSeptemberdayin1991,twoGermanswereclimbingthemountain

betweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpass,theyfoundthe

bodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight（10,499feet,or3,200

meters）,theiceisusuallypermanent,but1991hadbeenanespecially

warmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanjustusualandsothe

bodyhadcometothesurface.

Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton（骨架）wasinperfect

condition,exceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthe

bonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthe

woodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleather

andclothboots.

Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark（树皮）andaholderfor

arrows.

Whowastheman?Howandwhenhadhedied?Everybodyhada

differentanswertothesequestions.Somepeoplethoughtthatitwasfrom

thiscentury,perhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarI,

sinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswoman

whobelieveditmightbeherfather,whohaddiedinthosemountains

twentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientists

whorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholder,

maybeevenathousandyearsold.

Withmoderndatingtechniques,thescientistssoonlearnedthatthe

icemanwasabout5,300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.,helived

duringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewas

probablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.

Morerecentevidence,however,tellsadifferentstory.Anewkindof

X-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatiny

holeinhisskin,butitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.

Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswound,andnotfromthewoundonthe

backofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofbattle.

Itmayhavebeenpartofalargewar,orhemayhavebeenfighting

bandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself.

Bystudyinghisclothesandtools,scientistshavealreadylearnedagreat

dealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthe

fullstoryofhowhedied,buthehasgivenusimportantcluestothe

historyofthosedistanttimes.

36.ThebodyoftheIcemanwasfoundinthemountainsmainlybecause

A.themeltedicemadehimvisibleJ

B.hewasjustonamountainpass

C.twoGermanswereclimbingthemountains

D.hewaslyingontheice每天1小时

4周攻克职称英语周计划卫生类（适用于ABC级）

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37.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.TheIcemanwaskilledwhileworking

B.TheIcemanwasstruckdeadfrombehind

C.TheIcemanlivedapoorlife

D.TheIcemancouldhavediedfromthewoundintheheadJ

38.AllthefollowingareassumptionsoncemadeabouttheIceman

EXCEPT

A.hewasasoldierinWorldWarI

B.hewasbornaboutathousandyearsago

C.hewasaSwisswoman'slong-lostfather

D.hecamefromItalyJ

39.ThescientistsmadethedeductionthattheIceman

A.wasprobablyinsomekindofabattleV

B.hadatinyholeinhisskincausinghisdeath

C.washittheshoulderbyanarrowhead

D.hadgotawoundonthebackofhishead

40.Theword“bandits”inparagraph4couldbebestreplacedby

A.soldiers

B.shooters

C.robbersV

D.hunters

弟南—二^笆扁

AcceptanceofChronicIllness

Forchronicallyillpatients,givingupthehopethattheywillgetbetter

mayactuallyleadtomorehappiness,U.S.researcherssuggest."Hopeis

animportantpartofhappiness,butthere'sadarksideofhope.Sometimes,

ifhopemakespeopleputoffgettingonwiththeirlife,itcangetinthe

wayofhappiness,Dr.PeterA.

UbelfromtheUniversityofMichiganHealthSystemsaidinauniversity

newsrelease.

Heandhiscolleaguesstudiedpatientswho'djusthadacolostomy（结

肠造口术），whichmeanstheircolons（结月勿）wereremovedandtheyhad

tohavebowel（肠）movementsinapouch（小袋）outsidethebody.Atthe

timeofthesurgery,somepatientsweretoldtheprocedurewasreversible

andthey'dhaveasecondoperationinafewmonthstoreconnecttheir

bowels.Otherpatientsweretoldthecolostomywaspermanent.

Thepatientswerefollowedforsixmonths,andtheresearchersfoundthat

thosewithouthopeofregainingnormalbowelfunctionwerehappierthan

thosewithreversiblecolostomies.

“Wethinktheywerehappierbecausetheygotonwiththeirlife.They

realizedthecardstheyweredealt,andrecognizedthattheyhadnochoice

buttoplaywiththosecards,“Ubelsaid."Theothergroupwaswaitingfor

theircolostomytobereversed.Theycontrastedtheircurrentlifewiththe

lifetheyhopedtolead,anddidn'tmakethebestoftheircurrent

situation.w

Thestudy,publishedintheNovembereditionofHealthPsychology,also

mayexplainwhypeoplewhosespousediesoftenrecoverbetter

emotionallyovertimethanthosewhogetdivorced,theresearcherssaid.

That,sbecausepeoplewhosehusbandorwifedieshaveclosure（结束），

whilethosewhogetdivorcedmaystillhavehopeforsomechanceof

makingup,theyexplained.

41.Chronicallyillpatientsmaybehappier

A.iftheykeepthinkingoftheirpast

B.iftheybelievethey'11recover

C.iftheyputoffmovingon

D.iftheymanagetogetonwiththeirlife

42.Whathadhappenedtothepatientsunderstudy?

A.Theyhadjustsurvivedanaccident.

B.Theyhadjusthadanoperation.

C.Theyhadjustinjuredtheircolons.

D.Theyhadjustmadesomepouches.

43.Onegroupofthepatientswashappierbecause

A.theymadethebestoftheircurrentsituation

B.theyweregoodatplayingfunction

C.theyregardednormalbowelfunction

D.theywerepromisedanotheroperation

44.Theothergroupwasnotashappybecause

A.theyacceptedtheircurrentsituation

B.theywereanxioustogetbetter

C.theymissedtheirpreviouslife

D.theyrefusedtoplaycards

45.Whatcouldbethemessageofthepassage?

A.Givinguphopemeansgivinguphappiness.

B.Lettinggoofhopeisattimesabetterchoice.

C.Hopeiswhatmakespeoplemoveon.

D.Hopefrequentlygetsinthewayofhappiness.

第5部分：补全短文（第46〜50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文,

请根据短文内容将其

分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Semco

At21,RicardoSernlerbecamebossofhisfather'sbusinessinBrazil,

Semco,whichsoldpartsforships.SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadman,

from7:30am,untilmidnighteveryday.Oneafternoon,whiletouringa

factoryinNewYork,hecollapsed.Thedoctorwhotreatedhimsaid,

“There'snothingwrongwithyou.Butifyoucontinuelikethis,you'

11findanewhomeinourhospital.,5Semlergotthemessage.Hechanged

thewayheworked.Infact,hechangedthewayshisemployeesworked

too.

Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheones

worryingwhenthingswentwrong.Heallowedthemtosettheirown

salaries,andhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessary,like

receptionistsandsecretaries.B(46).uEveryoneatSemco,even

topmanagers,meetsguestsinreception,doesthephotocopying,sends

faxes,typeslettersanddialsthephone.”

Hecompletelyreorganizedtheoffice:insteadofwalls,theyhaveplantsat

Semco,sobosses

can'tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse.C(47).Asfor

uniforms,somepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts.

Semlersays,“WehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhosits

therereadingthenewspaperhourafterhour.Hedoesn'tevenpretendto

bebusy.ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfails

millionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintothesea.Rubinspringsinto

action.D(48).That,swhenheearnshissalary.Noonecaresif

hedoesn'tlookbusytherestofthetime.

Semcohasflexibleworkinghours:theemployeesdecidewhentheyneed

toarriveatwork.

Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear.F(49).

Itsoundsperfect,butdoesitwork?Theanswerisinthenumbers:inthe

lastsixyears,Semco'srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212

million.Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3,000.

Why?

Semlersaysit'sbecauseof“peerpressure55.Peerpressuremakes

employeesworkhardfroeveryoneelse.A(50).Inotherwords,

RicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlike

adults.Andtheydo.

A.Ifsomeoneisn'tdoinghisjobwell,theotherworkerswillnotallow

thesituationtocontinue.

B.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.

C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.

D.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofix

them.

EMostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkersto

work.

FAlso,Semcoletsitsworkersusethecompany'smachinesfortheir

ownprojects,andmakesthemtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear.

46.B.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.

47.C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceasthey

want.

48.D.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhow

tofixthem.

49.F.Also,Semcoletsitsworkersusethecompany'smachinesfor

theirownprojects,andmakesthemtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysa

year.

50.A.Ifsomeoneisn'tdoinghisjobwell,theotherworkerswillnot

allowthesituationtocontinue.

第6部分：完形填空(第52〜65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最

佳选项。

Nurse!IWantMyMummy

Whenachildisillinhospital,aparent,sfirstreactionistobewith

(51)them.

Mosthospitalsnowallowparentstosleepovernight(52)withtheir

child,providingabedorsofaontheward.

Butuntilthe1970sthispractice(53)wasnotonlyfrowned(皱

眉表示不满)upon-itwasactivelydiscouraged.Staffworriedthatthe

childrenwouldbeupset(54)whentheirparentsleft,andsothere

wasabl