Unit5知识点八年级英语下册

Unit5Topic1知识点单词1.almostadv.几乎，差不多；同义词是nearly；常用语be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。Almost不能与not连用，但可与no,none,nobody,nothing,never等否定词连用。e.g.Healmostateallthehamburgersintherestaurant.Almostnobodybelievedher.几乎没有人相信她。2.(1)carefor照顾，照看，照料=lookafter=takecareof(2)care在乎，在意，可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词后面加从句

Helookedangry.Idon’tcare.Shedidn’tcarewhatherfatherthought.careabout在乎，在意，后面加名词(短语)或代词,e.g.Icareabouthimandhatetoseehimhurtlikethis.care也可以作名词，“关心，护理，照顾等”e.g.takecare小心，保重；takecareof...照顾...cheerup(sb.)(使某人)振作起来e.g.Cheerup!Theworstisover.Thenewsmaycheeryouup.cheeronsb.为某人加油e.g.Theygatheredaroundtheswimmingpoolandcheeredherup.disappointv.使...失望沮丧Ihatetodisappointher.disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的I’mdisappointedinyou.disappointingadj.令人失望的TheLakers’losswasverydisappointing.5.excitev.使激动，使兴奋e.g.Hisplayingisfantastic,butitdoesn’texciteme.excitedadj.(感到)激动的，兴奋的excitingadj.令人兴奋的，令人激动的e.g.Sheisexcitedtoheartheexcitingnews.7.filmn.电影，影片e.g.Wesawagoodfilmlastnightatthecinema.8.frightenv.使...害怕e.g.Hedroveveryfast,whichfrightenedLauratodeath.frightenedadj.感到害怕的e.g.Don’tbefrightened.Wearenotgoingtohurtyou.frighteningadj.令人害怕的e.g.Itwasthemostfrighteningexperienceofmylife.9.gesture可数名词，姿势，手势(1)invitesbto+地点邀请某人去...e.gI’mgoingtoinvitemyfriendstomyhousethisSunday.(2)invitesbtodosth.邀请某人做某事e.g.Theyoungmaninvitedmetodance.(3)invitationn.邀请，请柬11.intheend=atlast最后，终于attheendof...在...的末端e.g.Thewinningteamistheteamwiththemostgoalsattheend

ofthegame.endn.结尾，末端；v.结束e.g.Wesatatoppositeendsofthetable.endwith...以...结尾，反义词begin/startwith...e.g.Thefestivalwillendwithalaser(激光)show.endingn.故事结尾astorywithahappyerestn.兴趣；v.使...感兴趣interestedadj.感兴趣的e.g.beinterestedin...对...感兴趣interestingadj.令人感兴趣的，有趣的e.g.Mysistershowsagreatinterestintheinterestingmovie,butI’mnotinterestedinit.13.livelyadj.充满趣味的，充满生气的lovelyadj.可爱的，美丽的，迷人的14.lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的e.g.Tomfeltverylonelywhenhefirstarrivedhere.aloneadj.adv.单独的(地)e.g.Youshouldn’tleaveachildaloneinthehouse.15.mainadj.主要的，重要的，在句中只可作定语e.g.Thisisabusymainstreet.mainlyadv.主要地，大部分地e.g.Idon’tgooutmuch,mainlybecauseIhavetolookafterthekids.17.paintingn.画e.g.Therewasalargepaintingofhisfatheronthewall.18.rolen.角色playanimportantrolein...在...中起重要作用19.(1)seem+adj.看起来...e.g.Shedidn’tseempleased.(2)seem+like...看起来像...e.g.Sheseemslikeanicegirl.(3)Itseemslike/asif/asthough+从句看起来好像...e.g.Itseemslikeyou’recatchingacold.(4)seemtodosth.e.g.Therainbowseemedtoendonthehillside(山坡).(5)seem+(tobe)+名词/形容词e.g.Thatseemsnotabadidea.(6)Itseemsthat+从句e.g.Itseemedthatthepeopleherewerenotasfriendlyasyou.20.感官系动词(后面加形容词作表语):smell闻起来，taste尝起来，look看起来，sound听起来，feel摸起来(主语是事物)，感觉(主语是人)其它系动词：bee,get,go,turn,grow都有“变得”之意；stay,keep,remain都有“保持”之意；Be动词也是系动词。普通的实义动词后常常用副词修饰，但是系动词后接的是形容词。例如，Thebookssellwell.Thebooksaregood.21.upsetadj.心烦的，苦恼的22.worryv.担忧，使...担忧e.g.Sheworriedthatshewasn’tdoingenoughtohelp.(过去式worried)Don’tworry(about)me.worriedadj.担心的，担忧的e.g.I’mreallyworriedaboutmybrother.课本知识点23.Whatapity!真可惜！24.Howareyoudoing?=Howareyou?25.prepareAforB为了B准备Ae.g.Sheprepareddeliciousfoodforherfamily.26.Guesswhat!你猜怎么着!27.对形容词提问，用特殊疑问词how。E.g.HowdoesJanelook?Shelooksworried.28.beabletodosth.有能力做某事e.g.Tomisabletosinganddance.29.oneof......之一，后面的名词要用复数形式，形容词要用最高级形式JaneEyreisoneofthemostfamousnovels.30.表示喜欢的程度：(1)非常喜欢：Ilikeitverymuch/alot.(2)有点喜欢：Ilikeitalittle.(3)一点也不喜欢。Idon’tlikeitatall.31.say...tosb向某人说...e.g.Pleasesaythankstoyourmomforme.Youshouldsaysorrytohim.Youshouldsayhellotothem.Youshouldsaynotosmoking.Wesaidgoodbyetothem.32.stayathome待在家里e.gLastweekend,wehadtostayathomebecauseoftherain.33.aticketto......的票e.g.atickettotheconcert34.现在分词的用法(1)作定语thesmilingfaces笑脸(前置定语)TheboyingfromJapanisoverthere.(后置定语)(2)作状语Hesatbythewindow,listeningtomusic.35.teachsbtodosth教某人做某事MaryoftenteachesustosingEnglishsongsafterclass.teachsbsth.教某人某事MissWhiteteachesusart.makefaces做鬼脸；makemistakes犯错误;makeadecision做决定;maketea沏茶makepeacewith...与某人和解makefunof...取笑某人makeuseof...利用...makesbsth.=makesthforsb为某人制作某物e.g.Hemadeheratoyhorse.makesbdosth.使某人做某事e.g.Ilikehimbecausehemakesmelaugh.make+宾语+adj.E.g.Theuseofputersmadeitpossibleforustostudyathome.make+宾语+名词e.g.Themoviemadehimastar.BeijingOperahasahistoryofover200years.京剧有超过两百年的历史。温故而知新growup长大感叹句：How+adj./adv.+主语+动词+其它！What+(a/an)+adj.+名词+主语+动词+其它！cut砍，切，剪等，过去式：cut现在分词：cuttinge.g.Whenhewascuttingsomeflowerswithhisscissors,aflowerhurthisfinger.

e.g.Ifshefelthewasright,shewouldagreewithhim.41.somethingeintobeing形成e.g.Thelawcameintobeingin1912.

e.g.Thesingerispopularwithmanystudents.43.enjoyoneself玩的高兴44.tryone’e.g.Hetriedhisbesttosavetheman.sendamessage发信息she(她，作主语),her(她，作宾语),her(她的，形容词性物主代词),hers(她的，名词性物主代词)boredadj.感到无聊的e.g.Areyouboredwithyourjob?(beboredwith...对...感到无聊，厌烦)boringadj.令人无聊的e.g.Thejobwasboring.What’sthematterwith...?=What’swrongwith...?...怎么了？e.g.What’sthematterwithyourputer?你的电脑怎么了？Whynot+动词原形？=Whydon’tyou+动词原形？用来提建议e.g.Whynotgoclimbingtomorrow?hopetodosth.希望做某事Peterhopestoswimintheseathissummerholiday.hope+that从句Ihopethatourteamwillwin.atfirst起初，e.g.Atfirsthedidn’tagree,butlaterhedid.Thanksto...多亏了...，(介词短语)Thanksfor...因为...表达感谢(动词短语)53.feelsorryfor...因..难过；为...感到可惜Unit5Topic2知识点单词1.E.g.Ireceivedhisgiftyesterday,butIdidn’twanttoacceptit.2.anyone不定代词，任何人e.g.IfanyoneseesLisa,askhertocallme.someone不定代词，某人e.g.Whatshouldyoudoifsomeonetriedtohurtyouinthestreet?noone不定代词，没有人e.g.Noonewasathome.everyone不定代词，每人e.g.Everyonehadagoodtime.3.asusual像平常一样e.g.Asusual,theylefttheirchildrenathomewithSusan.4.bytheway顺便问一下，顺便说一下e.g.Bytheway,whereistheparkinglot?5.dealwith...处理，解决e.g.Howishedealingwiththething?dealn.协议，交易6.examn.考试failanexam考试不及格passanexam考试及格takeanexam参加考试7.eitheradv.用于否定句句末，“也”e.g.Hecan’tswim.Ican’teither.e.g.Couldeitherofyoulendmefivepounds?eitherAorB连词，要么A要么B,或者A或者Be.g.EithersheleavesorIwill!要么她走，要么我走。就近原则：either...or...连接的是两个主语，谓语动词的单复数由距离它近的主语决定，例如，Eitherthestudentsortheteachertakespartinthemeeting.(这句话的谓语由theteacher决定，用三单形式)6.elderadj.年长的,elderbrother哥哥，eldersister姐姐，youngersister妹妹7.eventhough即使，连词短语，后接从e.g.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.8.strictadj.严格的TheGreensarestrictwiththeirchildren.(bestrictwithsb.对某人严格要求)Mostschoolsarestrictaboutthewaystudentsdress.(bestrictaboutsth.对某事严格要求)9.shyadj.害羞的e.g.Hewasaquietshyman.10.Takeiteasy别紧张，别着急。11.failv.不及格，失败，未做e.gTheletterfailedtoarrive.12.feeling可数名词，感觉，感触e.g.Shesuddenlygotthefeelingthatsomebodywaswatchingher.13.joke可数名词，笑话v.说笑话，开玩笑e.g.Healwaystellsjokesandmakesuslaugh.Johnalwaysplaysjokesonhisbrothers.(playajokeonsb.捉弄某人=playatrickonsb.)14.helpfuladj.有用的；有益的；有帮助的；乐于助人e.g.Thankyouforyouradvice.It’sveryernationaladj.国际的nationaladj.国家的，民族的E.g.NationalDay国庆节nationalflag国旗16.uselessadj.无用的；无效的e.g.Thewebsiteisfullofuselessinformation.17.refusev.拒绝；回绝e.g.Iaskedhimtoleave,butherefused.Herefusedtoansweranymorequestions.()e.g.Shefeltagreatsenseofsadness.Petershookhisheadsadly.20.thoughconj.虽然，引导从句Thoughsheis60yearsold,shestillworkeveryday.(注意though和but不能同时使用)21.not...anylonger=nolonger不再e.g.Hedoesn’tlivehereanylonger.课本知识点Thereissomethingwrongwith......出问题了。e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar.Isthereanythingwrongwith...?e.g.Isthereanythingwrong?Thereisnothingwrongwith......没有问题e.g.Thereisnothingwrongwiththecar.这辆车没有坏。形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词后，如，一些重要的事情somethingimportanthaveatalkwith...和...谈一谈Shehasnofriendstotalkwith.动词不定式作后置定语，动词和所修饰名词是动宾关系，即可以改成talkwithfriends。It’sastoryaboutayoungwomanlivinginAustria.现在分词作后置定语，动词和所修饰名词是主谓关系，即ayoungwomanlivedinAustria.haveproblemswithsth.做某事有困难=havedifficulty(in)doingsth.IfindithardtolearnEnglishwell.(在此句中it是形式宾语，tolearnEnglishwell是真正的宾语)

find+宾语+adj.发现宾语怎么样Howtimeflies! 时光飞逝What’smore而且What’sworse更糟糕的是同级比较：A+系动词+as+adj.原形+as+B.A像B一样...e.g.Marylooksasyoungasherdaughter.A+实义动词+as+adv.原形+as+B.A像B一样...e.g.Iliveashappilyasbefore.在否定句中，as...as...结构中的一个as可以换成so,Maryisn’tastallasLeo.=Maryisn’tsotallasLeo.在表示比较的句子中，为了避免重复提到某物，常用that和those代词the+名词，指的是同名异物.e.g.TheweatherinXingtaiisn’tasgoodasthatinBeijing.(that=theweather)that是单数Theroadsherewerenotsocleanasthoseinourhometown.(those=theroads)those是复数Theboyinabrownjacketismoreoutgoingthanthatinblack.(that=theboy)32.insteadadv.代替，而不是，相反e.g.IfJohncan’ttakepartinthemeet,Iwillgoinstead.33.insteadof...prep.代替，而不是e.g.CanIhavesoupinsteadofsalad?34.beangrywith...生某人的气35.byoneself独自地=alone；独自地e.g.DavespentChristmasallbyhimself.Dave独自度过了圣诞节。Youcan’tmovethepianoallbyyourself.你自己移动不了那架钢琴。温故而知新turntosb(forhelp)=asksbforhelp向某人求助e.g.Idon’tknowwhototurnto.我不知道向谁求助。38.knowlittleabout...对...了解不多knowmuchabout...对...非常了解e.g.Sheiscareful.Shealwaysdoesherhomeworkcarefully.40.befriendlyto...=bekindto...=begoodto...对...友好41.giveup放弃giveaway赠送，捐赠giveout分发，发出(光、热、气味、信号等)givein屈服Unit5Topic3知识点单词1.anywayadv.尽管，即使这样e.g.Maybethisideawon’twork,butlet’stryitanyway.2.testn.v.测试，考查，试验3.nervousadj.焦虑的，惶恐的，神经质的E.g.Shewassonervousaboutherexamsthatshecouldn’tsleep.4.speechn.演讲giveaspeech做演讲5.sickadj.生病的，有病的可以作定语、表语Hisgrandmotherisverysick.Asickanimalilladj.生病的，有病的，只能作表语，Hisgrandmotherisill.Ill意思是“坏的，差的，有害的”时，可以作定语,Hewasunabletojointhearmybecauseofillhealth.6.affectv.影响e.g.Smokingaffectsyourhealth.7.confidentadj.自信的，有信心的beconfidentabout...对...有信心e.g.I’mquiteconfidentaboutmyEnglish.beconfidentof+success,winning,victory有信心成功、赢、胜利8.moodn.心情；情绪inabadmood心情不好；inagoodmood心情好9.proudadj.自豪的，骄傲的beproudof...为...感到骄傲；为...自豪e.g.Youshouldbeproudofyourself.readytodosth.准备做某事：Whydoesittakeyousolongtogetreadytogoout?readyforsth.为...准备：Idon’tfeelthatI’mreadyformydrivingtest.bossn.老板，领班grandsonn.孙子，外孙environmentn.环境e.g.Weneedtotakestepstoprotecttheenvironment.especiallyadv.特别，尤其，专门e.g.Ineverlikedlongwalks,especiallyinwinter.fillv.充满，装满e.g.Hereyesfilledwithtears.(fillwith...(使)充满，填满，装满Hepoured(倒)heradrink,thenfilledhisownglass.troublen.问题，困难，忧虑beintrouble有麻烦，处于困境havetroublewithsth.做某事有困难：e.g.Areyouhavingtroublewithyourcar?have(no)troubledoingsth.e.g.Wehadnotroublefindingherhouse.e.g.ThemusicwassoloudthatIhadtoshout.19.noisen.噪音，吵闹声e.g.Therewasalotofnoiseoutside.20.spiritn.情绪，心境，精神e.g.I’m85,butIstillfeelyounginspirit.spiritsn.心情e.g.Cooperwasstillinhighspiritsafterwinningtherace.21.silentadj.不说话的，沉默的e.g.The“h”in“honest”issilent.Alanwassilent.thinkover仔细考虑，thinkof想起，认为，thinkabout考虑decisionn.决定makeadecision做决定decidev.决定decidetodosth.e.g.TinadecidedtogotoRomeforherholidays.Doyouwonderwhetheryoumadetherightdecision?senseofachievement成就感senseofhumour