山东省德州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

高一英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第Ⅰ卷（满分95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howold.isMrs.Johnson’ssonnow?A.16. B.19. C.20.2.Whatdoesthemanliketodobest?A.Walkonthebeach. B.Swiminthesea. C.Enjoysunbathing.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atastore. B.Athome. C.Atarestaurant.4.Whatdoesthewoman’ssisterwanttobe?A.Awaitress. B.Asalesperson. C.Anactress.5.WhatdoesCatherinemean?A.Shehasotherplans.B.Shedoesn’tlikeswimming.C.Shewillgooutwiththeman.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whathasthewomanbeendoinginherroomallday?A.SurfingtheInternet. B.Seeingmovies. C.Readinganovel.7.Howdoesthemanfindplayingtabletennis?A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Tiring.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatwasthewomangoingtodo?A.Hurryhome. B.Meetafriend. C.Workovertime.9.WhatdoweknowabouttheChineserestaurant?A.Thefoodisalittlespicy.B.Theenvironmentisgood.C.Thepriceisveryhigh.10.Whatkindoffoodwillthespeakerseat?A.Chinesefood. B.Koreanfood. C.Italianfood.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WherewastheLegocompanyfounded?A.InAmerica. B.InDenmark. C.InJapan.12.WhydidtheLegocompanystopdevelopingthenewmaterial?A.Itisoil-basedplastic.B.Itdoesn’tlooklikeabrick.C.Itisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.13.WhendidtheLegocompanyfirsttrytofindagoodenoughmaterial?A.In1932. B.In2020. C.In2023.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhenisprobablythebesttimetovisittheBahamas?A.InMarch. B.InJune. C.InNovember.15.HowlongdoesthehurricaneseasonlastintheBahamas?A.About4months. B.About5months. C.About6months.16.WhyisthemanadvisedtovisittheBahamasoutsideofwinter?A.Tosavemoney.B.Toavoidtherainyseason.C.Toattendmoreoutdooractivities.17.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutattheendoftheconversation?A.Thepeople. B.Thefood. C.Theclimate.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanysunflowerswereplanted?A.1.2million. B.1.5million. C.2.3million.19.Whoplantedthesunflowers?A.Lee’swife. B.Leeandhiswife. C.Leeandhisson.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Ascenicspot… B.Ananniversarygift. C.Abirthdaypresent.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，两分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AOurmuch-loved100-Word-StoryCompetitionisback!Enterforthechancetowinprizesofupto:£1,000.Itisachancetoshowtheworldyourstorytellingtalents!Entries（参赛作品）arenowopen..RulesandconditionsPleaseensurethatentriesarecreatedbyyourself,notpreviouslypublishedandexactly100wordslong（notincludingtitle）—notasinglewordshorterorlonger!Don’tforgettoincludeyourfullname,address,emailandphonenumber.Wemayuseentriesinallprintandelectronicmedia:Multipleentriesareallowedperperson.WeareunfortunatelyonlyabletoconsiderUK-basedentries.Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5pmonJanuary5,2024eitheronlineorbypost.TermsandprizesTherearethreecategories—oneforadultsandtwocategoriesforschools:oneforchildrenaged12-18andoneforchildrenunder12.Theeditorialteamwillpickashortlistofentries,andthethreebeststoriesineachcategorywillbepostedonlineatourwebsiteonFebruary1,2024.Youcanvoteforyourfavouriteandtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.VotingwillcloseonFebruary29,2024andthewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourMay2024issue,andpostedonlineonApril16,2024.★Intheadultscategory,thewinnerwillreceive£1,000andonerunner-upwillreceive£300.★Inthe12-18scategory,thewinnerwillreceive£200oraKindlePaperwhite,andtherunner-upwillreceivea£100booksvoucher.★Intheunder-12category,thewinnerwillreceive£100oraKindlePaperwhiteand£100ofbookvouchersfortheirschool’,andtherunner-upwillreceivea£50booksvoucher.21.Tomeetthecompetitionrules,theentrymustbe________.A.createdoriginally B.publishedopenlyC.lessthan100words D.basedontheUS22.Whencanyouseethewinningentriesearliest?A.InJanuary. B.InFebruary.C.InApril. D.InMay.23.Whatprizemayawinneraged16receive?A.£100. B.£200.C.£300. D.£1,000.BAheartattackledIvanMarkovtotakeupgardeningonasmallpatch（小块土地）infrontofhiscouncilflat.Now,he’sspreadinghisloveofnatureacrosssouthLondon.MarkovgrewuponBougainvilleIsland,PapuaNewGuinea,andlearnedtonatureinthesetropicalzones.In2007,hemovedtoLewisham,south-eastLondon,toworkasateacher.Unfortunately,hewasdiagnosedwithheartfailurein2010.Duringthetreatmentandrecovery,hereadaboutalocalawardforbestgarden,andthoughheonlyhadafrontgardenoutsidehisflat,hethoughtthecompetitionwouldbesomethingtoworktowards.Heworkedonhispatchformostoftheyear,plantingseedsandplans,suchasflowers,berriesandherbs.Surprisingly,hewonthebestfrontgardenprize.“Icouldn’tbelieveit,”hesays.“Inearlyfelloffmyseat.”Thatwasthestart.Markovcreatedacommunitynursery（苗圃）atthesideofhishouse,andstartedplantingbushesacrosstheroad.“Ihadsomuchbeautyinmygarden,”hesays.“IwantedtosharewhatIhad.”Hestartedofferingguidetoothers.NewsofMarkov’sgreen-fingeredselflessnessbegantospread.“Igotosomeone’spropertyandgivethemadviceonhowtoplantagarden,”hesays.Hedeliverscuttingsandseedsandhelpspeoplerepotplants,buteverythinghedoesisfree.Todate,Markovhashelpedsixneighbourhoodsembracesustainablegardening.Hewantstoshowpeopleyoudon’thavetoliveinthecountrytocreatebeauty.“Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchspaceyouhave.Outsidemyplacethere’satinysquare,tiny.Igrowtomatoesthereformysupper.Theopportunitiesareendless.”GardeninggivesMarkov“thefeelingofcreatingsomethingfromnothingandsomuchpleasure”.Hisdreamistocreatemoregreenareas.Markovismakingthiscornerofsouth-eastLondonaparadiseforall.24.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMarkovinparagraph2?A.Heworkedasagardener. B.Hefailedinthecompetition.C.Hewonaneducationprize. D.Heturnedoutagreenfinger.25.WhichcanbestdescribeMarkovaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Smartandcourageous. B.Confidentanddiligent.C.Generousandwarm-hearted. D.Humorousandenergetic.26.WhatmayMarkovagreeaboutgardening?A.Selflessnessvaluesalot. B.Skilledtechniquesareneeded.C.Muchspaceisimportant. D.Desiretotakeactionsmatters.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theoriginofacommunitynursery. B.Acreatorofagreenparadiseforall.C.Apositivespiritagainstdifficulty. D.Theharmonyofhumanandnature.CItisuniversallybelievedthatplayinganinstrumentorsinginginachoirmayboostyourbrain.Generationsofparentshavetoldtheirchildrentopracticetheirmusicalinstruments.Parentshavegoodreasontokeepontopoftheirchildren’smusicaleducation,sincelearninganinstrumentisnotonlyassociatedwithbettereducationalachievementbutalsocognition（认知）andevenintelligencescoresinchildren.Butdoesthismusicalitycontributetobettercognitionlaterinlife?AnewstudyintheInternationalJournalofGeriatricPsychiatryinvestigatedthisquestionbyaskingmiddle-agedandolderpeopletocompleteaquestionnaireontheirlifetimemusicalexperiencebeforecompletingcognitivetests.Theresultsshowedthatmusicalpeoplehadbettermemoryandabilitytostayfocusedontasksandplansthanthosewithlessornomusicality.Buthowaboutbeingmusicalwithoutplayinganinstrument?Accordingtothestudyfindings,singingcanresultinbetterexecutive（决策的）functionbutnotmemory,suggestingthatplayinganinstrumenthasadditionalbrainhealthbenefits.Whysingingwouldhelpuswithourexecutivefunctionisnotclearandrequiresfurtherinvestigation.However,singinghasastrongsocialbenefitwhendoneinchoirs,andthereisgoodevidencethatbeinginvolvedinsocialactivityisgoodforourbrainhealth.Playinganinstrumentorsingingseemstohavebenefitstoourbrainhealthinageing,accordingtothestudy.Whatisyettobeestablishediswhetherthiswouldalsohelppreventfuturecognitivedecline（下降）ordementia.Thestudyprovidesnoevidenceforthisyetanditisalsonotclearhowthefindingsapplytothegeneralpopulation,sincemostpeopleinthestudywerefemale,well-educatedandwell-off.28.Whatdoesthenewstudycenteron?A.Thecognitionimprovementbysinginginachoir.B.Musicalpeople’sabilityofkeepingfocusedontasks.C.Academicprogressofchildrenplayinganinstrument.D.Musicality’seffectuponbettercognitionlaterinlife.29.Whomightimprovemostinmemoryaccordingtothepassage?A.Catherinewhosingsinachoir. B.Samwhowasborninamusicfamily.C.Marywhoplayedthepianoforyears. D.Jackwhoiseagertogetmusiceducation.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“established”meaninParagraph4?A.Proved. B.Started.C.Announced. D.Admitted.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefindingsofthestudy?A.Objective. B.Opposed.C.Unclear. D.Supportive.DIt’sacommondebatebetweencouples—theperfecttemperaturetokeepbothwarmbutnothot.Andthetemperature’ssettingoftenformsthebasisofofficeargumentsbetweenwomenandmenaboutthe“correct”temperature.Researchdoesoftenshowwomenpreferahigherindoortemperature,comparedwithmen.Butwhydowomenfeelthecoldmore?Withthesamebodyweight,womentendtohavelessinsidetoproduceheat.Womenalsohavemorefatbetweentheskinandthemuscles,sotheskinfeelscolder,asit’sslightlyfurtherawayfrombloodvessels.Womenalsotendtohavealowermetabolic（新陈代谢）ratethanmen,whichreducesheatproductionabilityduringcoldexposure,makingwomenmorelikelytofeelcoldasthetemperaturedrops.Additionally,thehormonesmainlyfoundinwomenmakewomen’shands,feetandearsstayaroundthreedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanmen’s.Thephenomenonthatwomenpreferwarmertemperaturesisn’tuniquetohumans.Studiesonmanyspeciesofbirdsandmammalsreportthatmalescommonlygatherincoolerareaswherethereisshade,whilefemalesandtheyoungstayinwarmerenvironmentswherethereissunlight.Malebatsprefertorestatthecool,highpeaksofmountains,whilefemalesremaininthewarmervalleys.Fernalemammalsmayhavedevelopedapreferenceforwarmerclimatestoencouragethemtorestwithoffspring（幼崽）duringstageswhentheyoungareunabletoregulatetheirownbodytemperature.Sothedifferencebetweenheat-sensingsystemsmayprovideanadvantage.Coupleschoosingseparateblanketsisonewaytoovercomethedifferencesintemperaturepreferences.Intheworkplace,personalcomfortsystemsareheatingsystemsthatheatorcoolandcanbelocallyplacedinindividualworkstationssuchasdesktops,chairs,ornearthefeetandlegs.Examplesincludesmalldeskfans,heatedchairsandblankets,orfootwarmers.Theseprovideindividualisedthermalcomfort（热舒适）tomeetpersonalneedswithoutaffectingothersinthesamespace,andhavebeenfoundtoproducehighercomfortsatisfactionintheworkplace.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bygivingdailyexamples. B.Byanalyzingofficerules.C.Bymentioninganexperiment. D.Bysharingapersonalexperience.33.Whatcanweknowaboutwomenfromparagraph2?A.Theyhavelessfatthanmen. B.Theirskinusuallyfeelswarmer.C.Theirheartrateishigherthanmen. D.Theyaremoresensitivetocold.34.Whydoestheauthormentionthestudiesonbirdsandmammals?A.Toshowtheirpreferenceforcold.B.Toprovidemoreevidenceforthefindings.C.Tointroducethesystemofkeepingwarm.D.Toinformusofanewscientificdebate.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Womenhaveanadvantage.B.Whydowomenfeelcoldmore?C.Howdoweagreeontheidealtemperature?D.Biologicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withoutgoals,youmayfeellikewanderingthroughlifewithoutaplan,purpose,orsenseofdirection.Despiteknowingtheimportanceofgoals,manypeoplefailtosetameaningfulgoalandsuccessfullyachieveit.36Otherssetlotsofgoalsforthemselvesbutendupnotachievingthem.Readon,andyoumaybenefitalotfromasetofstepsasfollows.SetaSMARTgoalandwriteitdown.Thefirststepistofigureoutwhatyouwantorneedtochange.37Itisagoalthathasthefollowingrequiredelements:specific,measurable,achievable,relevantandtime-bound.Writingdownyourgoalisalsoimportantbecausethissimplestepisproventomakeyoumorelikelytoaccomplishit.38AfteryouidentifyaSMARTgoal,thenextstepistomakeaspecificplanonexactlyhowyouwillachieveit.Youshouldbreakthegoaldownintoasetofactionablestepsyoucantake.39Besides,it’sbeneficialtomakealistofoutcomesorspecificmilestonesthatwillindicateprogress.Takesmall,consistent（持续的）stepsearlyon.Earlyon,itcanbebettertomakesmallchangestoyourdailyroutinethantomakebigchangesallatonce.Consistencyiskeywhenitcomestoworkingtowardsanygoal.Researchhasshownthatittakesanaverageperson66daystoformanewhabit.40Itnolongerrequiresasmuchattention,time,andeffortasbefore,thusboostingyourconfidenceandkeepingyouonthetrackofachievingyourgoal.A.Reconsideryourgoal.B.Makeanactionplantogetstarted.C.YouthenneedtoturnthisintoaSMARTgoal.D.Someofthemdon’tknowwhereorhowtostart.F.Oncethishappens,thenewbehaviorhasbecome“automatic”.G.Identifytheskillsandstrategiesyouneedtocompleteeachstep.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EsbonKamau,anexperiencedUberdriver,canbeontrackforabetter2024afterdoingsomethinggood.Hereturned$8000toateenagerwholeftthecashinhis41.Kamauformedareal42withhisyoungpassenger,AlexTisdale.Duringtheir15-minuteridetoJohnHawkinsParkwayinHoover,Alabama,Alex43howproudhewasofhisachievementsthathehadjustmadeandthe44hereceivedfromhisfather.“Hesaidsomethingwhichmademefeelvery45,”Kamausaid.AsKamaudroppedofftheteenagerandcontinuedto46anotherrider,henoticedaredbaginthebackseat.Upon47theconsiderablesumofmoneyinside,hereporteditmissingthroughtheUberappimmediately.Meanwhile,Alexwasretracinghissteps,48torememberwherehehadleftthebagofmoney.However,thecashwasnowheretobefound.49,healsoreportedthecashmissingthroughUberapp.Thecompanyconnectedthemto50adrop-off.Withouthesitation,KamaudrovetoAlex’s51togivehimhisbagfullofmoney.Touchedbythedriver’s52,Alexexpressedhisgratitudebygivingageneroustip.Kamauwantedhis53displayofhonestytobealessonforUberdriverseverywhere.“Whenyoudosomethinggood,youwill54more,”saidKamau.Karnau’sgooddeedisanotherbeautiful55thatkindnessisworthalotmorethanmoney.41.A.office B.house C.vehicle D.school42.A.challenge B.connection C.conflict D.competition43.A.shared B.imagined C.recorded D.enjoyed44.A.concern B.surprise C.comfort D.praise45.A.good B.strange C.scared D.familiar46.A.holdback B.handover C.seeoff D.pickup47.A.throwing B.spotting C.returning D.delivering48.A.trying B.promising C.managing D.pretending49.A.Generally B.Unluckily C.Doubtfully D.Eventually50.A.change B.follow C.organize D.recognize51.A.team B.camp C.location D.shelter52.A.honesty B.wisdom C.courage D.generosity53.A.secret B.admirable C.sudden D.exciting54.A.give B.get C.miss D.lose55.A.dream B.ambition C.reminder D.requirement第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。FollowingthetraditionofwearingnewclothesfortheChineseNewYear,youngpeopleinChinapushedthepurchaseofhanfutoanewlevelandmadeit56hit.Youngpeopledressedinhanfu,thetraditionalclothingofChina,57（see）inmanylocationsaroundtheworldduringthisyear’sSpringFestivalholiday.Aninitiative（倡议）launchedinlateJanuarybyXiaohongshu,asocialmediaplatform,invitedusers58（upload）photosorvideosofthemselveswearinghanfuatlandmarksaroundtheworld.Thefirsttwoweeksoftheinitiativesawsome10,000Xiaohongshuuserssharetheirphotos59（take）fromaround30countriesandregionsaroundtheworld.Oneusereven60（post）photosfromAntarctica.Manysupportersbelievedthat61wasastrongsenseofnationalpridethatinspiresthemtowearhanfu.Hanfu,aswellasothertraditionalformsofChinesecostume,hasbecome62（extreme）popularinrecentyears.ManyuniversitiesinChinahaveahanfusociety63memberswearhanfutocelebratetraditionalChinesefestivals.The“newChinesestyle”,64（combine）traditionalChineseelementswithmoderndesigns,hasdevelopedintoafashiontrendamongtheyoungergenerationsnotonlyinChina,butalsoworldwide.Analystssaytheriseof“Chinachic”showsyoungChinesepeople’s65（confident）intheirownculture.WearingChinese-stylecostumesreflectsthewearer’sEasterntemperament,andpre