2023-2024学年湖北省武汉市新洲区高二（下）期中英语试卷含解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年湖北省武汉市新洲区高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AThesenewreleasessitatthetopof"want-to-read"shelves.Whilenotallofthesebooksareavailablerightnow，mostareavailableforpre-orderuntiltheirexpectedreleasedate，soyoucanhaveyourmonthlyreadplannedaheadoftime.

SmallWorld

ByJonathanEvison

＄28.00

Thisbookwon'tbereleaseduntilJanuary11，butyoucanpre-orderitnow.Itrecords170yearsofAmericannation-buildingandaskswhethertheUnitedStateshasfulfilleditspromisesbyhighlightingbigandsmallinjustices，

AllThatSheCarried

ByTiyaMiles

＄30.00

Inthebook，historianTiyaMilesuncoversthestoriesofanenslavedblackwoman，Rose，herdaughter，Ashley，whowasseparatedfromherandsoldatnineyearsold，andhergranddaughter，Ruth.Byunearthing（挖掘）theirstories，TiyaMilestriestowriteasingularandrevelatoryhistoryoftheexperienceofslaveryandtheuncertainfreedomafterwardintheUnitedStates.

LastNightattheTelegraphClub

ByMalindaLo

＄18.99

ThisnovelwontheNationalBookAwardforYoungPeople'sLiteraturein2021.Itcentersaround17-year-oldLilyHu，whocan'tquiterememberwhenacertainfeelingappearedinsideofher，butsheknowsitonlykeepsgrowing.

Meditations：TheAnnotatedEdition

ByMarcusAurelius＄28.00

MeditationsisaseriesofpersonalwritingsfromtheformerRomanEmperor，MarcusAurelius.Thesewritings，whichconsistofprivatenotestohimselfandhisideasonStoicism，actedasameansforhisself-improvement.1.WhatdoSmallWorldandMeditations：TheAnnotatedEditionhaveincommon？______A.Theyhavethesameprice. B.TheybothtellAmericanhistory.

C.Theyhavewonnationalawards. D.Theygoonsaleonthesamedate.2.WhatcanweknowaboutTiyaMiles'book？______A.Itispopularamongteenagers.

B.ItwillbereleasedonJanuary9.

C.ItfocusesonslaveryinAmerica.

D.Itisthecheapestofthefourbooks.3.WhichbookwillyouchooseifyouareafanofMalindaLo？______A.SmallWorld

B.AllThatSheCarried

C.LastNightastheTelegraphClub

D.Meditations：TheAnnotatedEditionBMs.McIntyre，38，workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway，shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband，Mr.Gregory，knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.

Thoughherhealthwasfailing，Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt，whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpayoffmedicalbillsforabout100timeslessmoneythantheycost.Inotherwords，forevery100donated，thegroupcanpayoff10，000inunpaidmedicalbills.

Unfortunately，Ms.McIntyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreonhersocialmediaaccounts."Ifyou'rereadingthis，Ihavepassedaway，"thepostbegan.Thenthepostexplained，"Tocelebratemylife，I'vearrangedtobuyupothers'medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts."

Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout＄20，000.Nevertheless，Ms.McIntyre'slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek，thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22，2023，Ms.McIntyre'swebpagehadraisedover＄627，000，orenoughmoneytopayoffabout＄60millioninmedicaldebts.

Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre'slifeandtoannouncehowmanymillionsofdollarsofmedicaldebtshereffortshadpaidfor.4.WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople？______A.Thedoctorseventuallycuredher.

B.Herdiseasedidn'tbecomeworse.

C.Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill.

D.Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.5.HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers？______A.Bypayingfortheirdailydebts.

B.Bygivingawaymoneytothem.

C.Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments.

D.Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranceforthem.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Thepublicinvolvement. B.Thecouple'scommitment.

C.Theoperationofawebsite. D.Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre？______A.Humorousandelegant. B.Influentialandunderstanding.

C.Cautiousandpromising. D.Enthusiasticandadaptable.CFromsolarpanelstoelectriccars，cleanenergyhasbecomeabiggerpartofourlivesinrecentyears.AnewreportfromtheInternationalEnergyAgency（IEA）predictsthatitwillonlydevelopastrongerfootholdinthedecadestocome，withmoresolarpanels，electriccars，andrenewableenergyby2030.

TheIEAanalyzedthecurrentpoliciesandaddedthattherewilllikelybetwo-thirdsmorecleanenergytenyearsfromnowwithadecreaseddependenceonfossilfuels."Thetransitiontocleanenergyishappeningworldwideandisunstoppable.It'snotaquestionof'if'，butamatterof'howsoon'—andthesooner，thebetterforallofus，"saystheIEAExecutiveDirectorFatihBirol.

"Governments，companies，andinvestorsmustsupportcleanenergytransitionsratherthanhinderthem.Thereareimmense（巨大的）benefitsonoffer，includingnewindustrialopportunitiesandjobs，greaterenergysecurity，cleanerair，universalenergyaccessandasaferclimateforeveryone.Consideringtheongoingstrainsandvolatility（波动）intraditionalenergymarketstoday，claimsthatoilandgasrepresentsafeorsecurechoicesfortheworld'senergyandclimatefuturelookweakerthanever，"Biraladds.

Althoughthisiswelcomenewsformany，theIEAstressesthatmoreimprovementwillbeneededforthe200countriesintheParisAgreementtomeetthegoaloflimitingglobalwarmingto1.5degreesCelcius（34.7degreesFahrenheit）.Governmentsmusttriplerenewablecapacity，reducemethaneemissionsfromfossilfueloperationsby75%，andtriplecleanenergyindevelopingeconomies.

"Everycountryneedstofinditsownpathway，butinternationalcooperationiscrucialforacceleratingcleanenergytransitions，"Birolasserts."Inparticular，thespeedatwhichemissionsdeclinewillbelargelydeterminedbyourabilitytofinancesustainablesolutionstomeetrisingenergydemandfromtheworld'sfast-growingeconomies.Thisallpointstotheimportanceofredoublingcooperation，notretreating（逃避）fromthem."8.WhatdoesthenewreportfromtheIEAshow？______A.Thedemandforfossilfuelsisstillcurrentlystrong.

B.Theworldwideshifttocleanenergyisunstoppable.

C.Thethreatofglobalwarmingisbeingunderestimated.

D.Theuseofrenewableenergyisanewfocusofmankind.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hinder"inparagraph3probablymean？______A.Follow. B.Delay. C.Improve. D.Prevent.10.WhatdoestheIEAthinkofthegoaloftheParisAgreement？______A.Itischallenging. B.Itisimpractical.

C.Itisunclear. D.Itisconservative.11.WhatisthekeytocleanenergytransitionsaccordingtoBirol？______A.Changestoglobaleconomicpolicies.

B.Thepatternofenergyconsumption.

C.Combinedeffortsbetweennations.

D.Thedevelopmentofadvancedtechnologies.DPlantsareboring.Theyjustsittherephotosynthesizing      （光合作用）whileanimalshaveallthefun.Right     ？Notsomuch.Anewstudyhasfoundthatthereisalonghistoryofinteractionsbetweenantsandplants.Theantandplantco-evolution                      （协同进化）startedwithantsfeedingonplantsandplantsevolvingant-friendlyfeatures.

Plantsmakeanumberofdifferentstructuresthatarespecificforantuse.Someplantshaveevolvedfeaturesthatpersuadeantsintodefendingthemfromattackfromotherinsectsandevenmammals.Theseincludehollowthornsthatantswillliveinside,orextranectar                                         （琼浆）onleavesorstemsfortheantstoeat.Someantswilljustcheatandtakethenectarandrun,butsomewillstickaroundandattackanythingthattriestohurttheplant.Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds.Theantwillpickuptheseedandcarryitaway,eatthefoodpacket,andleavetheseed-ofteninanutrient-richareawhereit'llgrowbetter,andsinceit'sfartherawayfromitsparent,theywon'thavetocompeteforresources.

Butscientistsweren'tsurehowtheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplantsgotstarted.Ifevolutionisanarmsracebetweenspeciesdevelopingwaystomakeuseoftheirneighbours,thenscientistswantedtoknowwhetherplantsorantsfiredthefirstshot.Itwasachicken-and-eggquestion,whetherthingsstartedwithantsdevelopingbehaviourstotakeadvantageofplants,orplantsevolvingstructurestotakeadvantageofants.

Thehistoryofantsandplantsevolvingtogethergoesbacktothetimeofthedinosaurs,andit'snoteasytotellfromfossilswhofiredthefirstshot.However,itisaquestionoflittlesignificance.Scientistssaytheirstudymattersbecauseitprovidesalookathowthesewidespreadandcomplexinteractionsevolved.12.Someplantsattachfoodpacketstotheirseedsinorderto______.A.rewardtheants B.makeafoolofants

C.providenutritionfortheseeds D.gettheseedsmovedaround13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus    ？______A.Howplantsandantsinteract.

B.Whatantsdotoprotectplants.

C.Howplantsandantssurviveattacks.

D.Whyplantsandantsneedco-evolution.14.Whichistrueabouttheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplants          ？______A.Antsdependedmoreuponplants.

B.Itcausedaraceforbetterevolution.

C.Howitgotstartedwasuncertain.

D.Itwasoflittlevalueforfuturestudies.15.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage       ？______A.Tointroduceascienceresearchmethod.

B.Toinformreadersofalatestresearchfinding.

C.Toarousereaders'interestinscienceresearch.

D.Tocriticizepeople'straditionalviewsaboutplants.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。TheQingmingFestivalisusuallycelebratedwithathree-daynationalholiday，whosenameoriginates（起源）fromthesaying"Plantsstarttorevive（复活）andprosperatQingminginacleanandbrightway."Thus，thefestivaliscalledQingming，whichmeans"cleanandbright".（1）______Tombsweepingisaimedatcommemoratingfamilyancestors，whilegoingonaspringoutingallowseveryonethechancetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryandenjoytheseason.

Traditionalcustoms

Tombsweeping.（2）______Onthisday，thewholefamilygathersinfrontoftheirancestraltombs.Theyofferfruitandwinetotheirancestorsandcleartheweedsfromaroundthetomb.Finally，theykowtowandpray，hopingfortheirancestors'blessingfortherestoftheyear.

Springoutings.ThetimearoundtheQingmingFestivalisoneofthemostsuitableseasonsforaspringouting，asplantsarethrivingandflowersareblooming.Peoplecanhaveagreattimeoutdoorswiththeirfriendsandfamily.（3）______

Traditionalfood

Qingtuanisagreenriceballtinyenoughtofitintoyourhand.（4）______Itisamixtureofstickyricepowderandgreenvegetablejuice.Stuffed（装满）withsweetenedbeanpaste，QingtuantastessweetwiththefreshfragranceofAicao，agreenspringvegetable.IncelebrationofQingming，peoplefromShaanximakesteamedbunsknownasHuamo，whicharemadeintodifferentshapes.（5）______Someareforpeacefulfamilylife，whileothersrepresent（象征）thewishforhealth.

A.Eachdifferentlookbringsagoodblessing.

B.ThetraditionoftombsweepingoriginatesfromtheQinDynasty.

C.Thetwomainactivitiesoverthefestivalincludetombsweepingandgoingonaspringouting.

D.Familymembersgathertogethertocelebrateandtastethefood.

E.Playingfootballandflyingkitesarepopularactivities.

F.Manytraditionalcustomsarepracticedtoshowrespectforourancestors.

G.ItispopularinJiangnan.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。Withabroadsmileonherlips，15-year-oldSirinrushedtohermomtoshowoffhernewpainting.Buthermomraisedhereyebrows，andspokeinahushedtone，"Shh...honey..don'tshout.Iambusywitha（n）（1）______talk."

Holdingheroilpainting，she（2）______andthensearchedforherdad."Dad，seewhatIhavedone，"Sirinannouncedaloudina（an）（3）______voice.Herdadsmiledandjustpattedheronbacklovingly，saying，"Notime，baby.I'mlateforwork."

Hearingthis，shestormedofftoherownbedroom，slammedthedoorand（4）______herselfonherbed，sobbing.Whenhermomwascallingherfordinner，Sirinarrivedlatedeliberately.Shekeptsilent，（5）______thetablematwithhernail.Hermomwaspuzzledatthe（6）______behavior.Suddenly，themorning（7）______clickedinhermind.Softly，sheasked，"Honey，didwedoanythingwrong？"

Atthisverymoment，Sirincouldnolonger（8）______heranger."Whyiseverybodysobusy？"sheroared，tearsstreamingdown.Sheassumedthat，（9）______ignoringherlikeothersinherschool，hermomanddadwouldappreciateherpainting，buttheywereno（10）______.Shocked，momthrewherarmsaroundhertightly，announcing（11）______andfirmly，"Baby，Iamsosorry!"

Whenbackfromschoolthenextday，Sirinwassurprisedtoseeherbeautifully-decorated（12）______onthewall.Itwasbeautifullyframedandjustbelowthepainting，itread，"Honey，wearereallyproudofyou!"（13）______herparents'stressfromdailyroutine，shefeltsorryaboutherpreviousbehavior.She（14）______herheadandapologized.

Thougheverythingcameandwent，mutual（15）______wouldstayforeverintheirfamily.21.A.important B.empty C.pleasant D.insignificant22.A.grinned B.frowned C.trembled D.whistled23.A.amused B.annoyed C.shocked D.thrilled24.A.hid B.planted C.threw D.settled25.A.feeling B.stroking C.seizing D.scratching26.A.unusual B.ridiculous C.impolite D.dishonest27.A.incident B.accident C.anecdote D.event28.A.holdonto B.holdback C.throwaway D.pickup29.A.inspiteof B.infavorof C.insteadof D.onaccountof30.A.help B.match C.exception D.luck31.A.attentively B.unwillingly C.surprisingly D.regretfully32.A.poster B.painting C.portrait D.note33.A.Recalling B.Supposing C.Declaring D.Imagining34.A.nodded B.shook C.cleared D.ducked35.A.trust B.dependence C.understanding D.admiration四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.A63-year-oldChinesegrandpa's（1）______（tradition）carpentry（木工）skillsaredelightingtensofmillionsofviewersonlineashecreateswoodworkwithoutglue，screwsornails.

TheChinesemastercarpenter，WangDewen，wellknownas"GrandaAmu"onYouTube，hasbeencalledasthemodernLuBan，（2）______famousChinesestructuralengineerduringtheZhouDynasty，thanks（3）______hisvastcarpentryknowledge.Hismostpopularvideo，（4）______showshimmakingafantasticwoodenarchbridge，becamepopularontheplatform，（5）______（eventual）gainingmorethan42millionviews.

GrandpaAmufollowsanancientChinesemortiseandtenon（榫卯）technique，which（6）______（mean）nonailsorglueareinvolvedintheentireprocessofbuildingthearchbridge.

GrandpaAmuhasalsomadeseveralwoodentoysforhisgrandson（7）______（use）thesametechnique.Hecreatedafoldingstool（凳子），whichlookedliketheChinapavilion（中国馆）fromthe2010ShanghaiExpo."Ablockofwoodtransformsintoastool.Genius，"aYouTubeusernamedReyReycommentedunderthevideo.

Amongallthe（8）______（item），awalkingPeppaPigandabubbleblowingtoyare（9）______（he）grandson'sfavorites.

Sofar，themastercarpenter（10）______（attract）over1.18millionfansonYouTube.GrandpaAmuinsiststhatheisnotaninternetsuperstarbutjustanordinaryfarmer.五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.你校上周六举办了一场学生才艺展（talentshow）。请你为校英文网站写一篇短文，介绍这次活动。

内容包括：

（1）活动时间、地点；

（2）活动内容；

（3）活动反响。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。38.Englishwasalwayseasyforme，butthatchangedthefirstdayIwalkedintoMrs.Johnson'sclass.I'dheardrumorsfromformerstudentsthatshewasstrictanddemandingthatherclasswasimpossibletopass，andthatIwascrazyforevenwantingtotakeit.Consequently，Iwasextremelynervous.

Onthefirstdayofschool，Mrs.Johnsonstoodinthefrontofherclassroom，smiling，whileshewaitedfortheclasstosettledown.Herlong，curly，redhairandclearblueeyesmadeherseemfulloflife.Youcouldtellshehadsomuchknowledgethatitjustwantedtooverflowandspill（溅出）alloverthefloor.

"ThiscourseisAdvancedWritingCourse，"shesaid."I'mnotexaggeratingwhenIsaythisclasswillbedifficult，butifyoutrustme，I'llguideyou."

Sheexplainedhergradingsystemwasdifferentfromwhatwewereusedtoandthatwe'dbetterforgetabouttheso-calledgoodgradeswehadgotbefore.Sheguaranteedthatourwritingwouldimproveonceweunderstoodthenewwritingskillswhichshewouldteachus.

"Writingisanart，"shesaid."Youcan'tjustputwordsonapieceofpaperandsignyournameontopofit.Instead，whatyouputyournameonisouttheretobejudged."

I'dneverthoughtaboutitthatway.EverytimeIrushedtofinishanessayandwrotemynameontop，itwasstillmywriting，mywords，outthereforeveryonetoread.

Shehopedthatifwewantedtobegoodwriters，wehadtorememberwritingreallywasanart，andthatitmighttakealongtimetoperfect.

EventhoughIthoughtIwasdoingfineinherclass，mywritinggradewasterrible.Ibegantodoubtmyselfandeventhoughtaboutquittingthewritingclass.ThatwaswhenIrealizedIneededtofindoutwhatIcoulddotoimprovemygrade.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

SoIwenttoMrs.Johnson'sofficeafterclass.

Theafter-classinstructionscontinuedformonthsuntiltheYearWritingContestcame.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据SmallWorld部分＄28.00（28.00美元）以及Meditations：TheAnnotatedEdition部分ByMarcusAurelius＄28.00（马库斯•奥勒著，28.00美元）可知，《小世界》和《冥想：注释版》的共同之处是价格一样。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据AllThatSheCarried部分中Byunearthing（挖掘）theirstories，TiyaMilestriestowriteasingularandrevelatoryhistoryoftheexperienceofslaveryandtheuncertainfreedomafterwardintheUnitedStates.（通过发掘他们的故事，蒂亚•迈尔斯试图写出一段独特的、启示性的历史，讲述美国奴隶制的经历和后来不确定的自由）可知，蒂亚•迈尔斯的书关注美国的奴隶制。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据LastNightattheTelegraphClub部分中ByMalindaLo（作家马琳达•罗）可知，如果你是马琳达•罗的粉丝，你会选择LastNightastheTelegraphClub。故选C。

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况，包括作者和售价等信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Butsherealizedthatinaway，shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare（但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费用）可知，因为她有医疗保障所以麦金太尔觉得自己比其他人幸运。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Thoughherhealthwasfailing，Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt，whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers（尽管她的健康状况每况愈下，麦金太尔还是决定帮助尽可能多的人还清医疗债务。这对夫妇开始向一个名为RIP医疗债务的组织捐款，该组织致力于为他人偿还未付的医疗债务）可知，麦金太尔女士和她的丈夫通过偿还他人的治疗债务帮助别人。故选C。

（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout＄20，000.Nevertheless，Ms.McIntyre'slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek，thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22，2023，Ms.McIntyre'swebpagehadraisedover＄627，000，orenoughmoneytopayoffabout＄60millioninmedicaldebts（这对夫妇在一个网站上建立了一个页面，为这个目的筹集资金。他们原本希望筹集到大约2万美元。尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标。在不到一周的时间里，该网站筹集的资金是预期的10倍，捐款仍在不断增加。到2023年11月22日，麦金太尔的网页已经筹集了超过62.7万美元，足以偿还约6000万美元的医疗债务）可知，第四段主要介绍公众们的参与度。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway，shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband，Mr.Gregory，knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay（她患上了癌症，尽管接受了一些治疗，但她的健康状况仍然恶化。但她意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他人幸运。她有保险来支付医疗费。但麦金太尔和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，许多癌症患者因为医疗费用而面临艰难的决定，最终欠下的钱远远超过了他们的支付能力）可知，麦金太尔女士能够理解他人的处境；再根据第四段Nevertheless，Ms.McIntyre'slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal（尽管如此，麦金太尔的最后一条帖子还是引起了很多关注。她的网页上的捐款很快就超过了总目标）可知，麦金太尔女士很有影响力。故可推知，麦金太尔女士有影响力和理解他人。故选B。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了38岁的麦金太尔和丈夫建立了名为RIP医疗债务的组织，来帮助那些无力支付医疗债务的人。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】B、D、A、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段AnewreportfromtheInternationalEnergyAgency（IEA）predictsthatitwillonlydevelopastrongerfootholdinthedecadestocome，withmoresolarpanels，electriccars，andrenewableenergyby2030.（国际能源署（IEA）的一份新报告预测，到2030年，太阳能电池板、电动汽车和可再生能源的数量将增加，在未来几十年里，它只会发展得更稳固）可知国际能源机构的新报告显示，全球向清洁能源的转变势不可挡。故选B。

（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词上文Governments，companies，andinvestorsmustsupportcleanenergytransitionsratherthan以及后文Thereareimmense（巨大的）benefitsonoffer，includingnewindustrialopportunitiesandjobs，greaterenergysecurity，cleanerair，universalenergyaccessandasaferclimateforeveryone.（这将带来巨大的好处，包括新的工业机会和就业机会、更大的能源安全、更清洁的空气、普遍的能源获取和更安全的气候）可知划线词意思是"阻止"。A．Follow跟随；B．Delay推迟；C．Improve提升；D．Prevent阻止。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Althoughthisiswelcomenewsformany，theIEAstressesthatmoreimprovementwillbeneededforthe200countriesintheParisAgreementtomeetthegoaloflimitingglobalwarmingto1.5degreesCelcius（34.7degreesFahrenheit）.（尽管这对许多人来说是个好消息，但国际能源署强调，《巴黎协定》中的200个国家要实现将全球变暖控制在1.5摄氏度（34.7华氏度）的目标，还需要做出更多的改进）可知，IEA认为《巴黎协定》的目标很有挑战性。因此A．Itischallenging.（很有挑战性。）符合题意。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Everycountryneedstofinditsownpathway，butinternationalcooperationiscrucialforacceleratingcleanenergytransitions（每个国家都需要找到自己的道路，但国际合作对于加速清洁能源转型至关重要）可知，比罗尔认为，清洁能源转型的关键是国家间的共同努力。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了国际能源署的新报告显示了全球向清洁能源的转变是不可阻挡的。文章说明了清洁能源带来的好处以及存在的挑战。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中"Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds."                    其他植物通过给蚂蚁提供附着在种子上的丰富的食物包来帮助它们移动种子。可知一些植物将食物附在种子上，这样种子可以四处传播，故选D项。

（2）A.段落大意题。根据文章第二段中"Plantsmakeanumberofdifferentstructuresthatarespecificforantuse.""            植物有许多不同的结构，是蚂蚁特有的。"和".Someantswilljustcheatandtakethenectarandrun,butsomewillstickaroundandattackanythingthattriestohurttheplant.Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds."                                           有些蚂蚁会欺骗并拿走花蜜就跑，但有些蚂蚁会留下来攻击任何试图伤害植物的东西。其他植物让蚂蚁帮助它们移动种子，给它们提供附着在种子上的丰富的食物包。可知，第二段主要讲了植物和蚂蚁如何互动，故选A项。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中"Butscientistsweren'tsurehowtheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplantsgotstarted.""             但是科学家们并不确定蚂蚁和植物之间的进化关系是如何开始的。"由此可知蚂蚁和植物进化的关系是：它是怎么开始的还不确定。C选项描述正确，故选C项。

（4）B.写作目的题。根据第一段中"Anewstudyhasfoundthatthereisalonghistoryofinteractionsbetweenantsandplants.""                一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的相互作用由来已久。"是全文的主题句，由此推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者最新的研究结果，故选B项。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的互动有着悠久的历史。蚂蚁和植物的共同进化始于蚂蚁以植物为食，植物进化出对蚂蚁友好的特征。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16~20.【答案】C、B、E、G、A【解析】（1）联系下文题。下文Tombsweepingisaimedatcommemoratingfamilyancestors，whilegoingonaspringoutingallowseveryonethechancetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryandenjoytheseason.（扫墓是为了纪念家族祖先，而春游让每个人都有机会欣赏美丽的风景，享受这个季节。）解释了"Tombsweeping"和"goingonaspringouting"两项清明节习俗的意义，是对C项"清明节的两项主要活动是扫墓和春游。"内容的阐述，上下文句意连贯。故选C。

（2）联系上文题。根据空前小标题Tombsweeping.（扫墓。）可知，本段主要是介绍清明的扫墓习俗。B项"扫墓的传统起源于秦朝。"承接上文，介绍扫墓的起源，上下文句意连贯。故选B。

（3）联系上文题。根据空前小标题Springouting.（春游。）可知，本段主要介绍清明的春游习俗。上文Peoplecanhaveagreattimeoutdoorswiththeirfriendsandfamily.（人们可以和他们的朋友和家人在户外度过美好的时光。）提出"在户外度过美好的时光"，E项"踢足球和放风筝是很受欢迎的活动。"承接上文，介绍了在户外可以进行的活动，上下文句意连贯。故选E。

（4）联系上文题。根据上文Qingtuanisagreenriceballtinyenoughtofitintoyourhand.（青团是一种绿色的饭团，很小，可以放进你的手。）介绍了清明传统食物中的青团，G项"它在江南地区很流行。"承接上文，说明食用青团的地域，句中"It"即上文中的"Qingtuan"，上下文句意连贯。故选G。

（5）联系上文题。根据上文IncelebrationofQingming，peoplefromShaanximakesteamedbunsknownasHuamo，whicharemadeintodifferentshapes.（为了庆祝清明，陕西人会制作各种形状的馒头，称为"花馍"。）中提到"花馍"，A项"每一个不同的形状都带来了美好的祝福。"承接上文，介绍"花馍"每一个独特的形状都有美好的寓意，选项中"differentlook"与上文"differentshapes"相照应，上下文句意连贯。故选A。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统节日——清明节及其传统习俗和传统美食。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。21~35.【答案】A、B、D、C、D、A、A、B、C、C、D、B、A、D、C【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.important重要的；B.empty空的；C.pleasant快乐的；D.insignificant不重要的。句意：我正忙于一个重要的谈话。根据上文"Shh...honey..don'tshout.Iambusywith"以及后文她去找爸爸，可知，妈妈说自己正在忙于一个重要的谈话，故选A。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.grinned露齿而笑；B.frowned皱眉；C.trembled颤抖；D.whistled吹口哨。句意：她手里拿着油画，皱着眉头，开始找爸爸。结合上文可知妈妈没有理会Sirin，所以她不高兴，皱着眉头。故选B。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amused觉得好笑的；B.annoyed生气的；C.shocked震惊的；D.thrilled激动的。句意：Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。根据上文"Dad，seewhatIhavedone（爸爸，看看我做了什么）"可知，Sirin用激动的声音大声宣布。故选D。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.hid隐藏；B.planted种植；C.threw扔；D.settled解决。句意：听到这些，她怒气冲冲地跑回自己的卧室，砰地一声关上门，倒在床上啜泣。根据后文"herselfonherbed，sobbing"指倒在床上应用throwoneselfonbed。故选C。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.feeling感觉；B.stroking打；C.seizing抓住；D.scratching抓挠。句意：她保持沉默，用指甲刮着桌垫。根据后文"thetablematwithhernail"指用指甲刮着桌垫。故选D。

（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unusual不寻常的；B.ridiculous可笑的；C.impolite不礼貌的；D.dishonest不诚实的。句意：她妈妈对这种不寻常的行为感到困惑。根据上文"Whenhermomwascallingherfordinner，Sirinarrivedlatedeliberately.（当妈妈叫她吃饭的时候，Sirin故意迟到了）"可知，此处指Sirin一些不寻常的