高考英语二轮复习阅读理解考点专项练习含解析

阅读理解高考押题专练一、Afterbeingbornattheendof1932，MrCameronSeniorsufferedalotwithbothlegsshortenedbelowthekneeandhisfeettwisted.Hewentundernumerousoperationstoeasehispain，andeventuallybothlimbs(下肢)hadtobecutoff.Butdespitehisdisabilityandlaterlosingthesightinoneeye，MrCameronSeniorstillgainedasuccessfulcareerasastockbroker(股票经纪人)．AftermovingtoEnglandfromScotlandasachild，hemarriedMaryandthecoupleraisedfourchildrenatthefamilyhomeinPeasemore，Berks.InaninterviewwithTheDailyTelegraphtwoyearsago，theToryleaderdescribedtheexperienceofgrowingupwithafatherwithadisability.HetoldhowoncetheywereonholidayinCornwall，heoverheardsomeonerudelysaying：“Thatguy’swearingfunnyboots.”MrCameron(英国前任首相卡梅伦)saidhethoughttohimself，“That’sodd，nooneeversaysthat.”InanITVinterviewbeforethegeneralelection，MrCameronsaidofhisfather，“He’sanamazinglybravemanbecausehewasbornwithnoheels—quiteadisability.Buttheglasswithhimwashalf-full，normallywithsomethingalcoholic，IthinkIgotmysenseofoptimismfromhim.”MrCameronalsoappearedwithhisparentsataneventandsaidthattheyunderstoodhisideafor“ABigSociety”．“TheyshowedmehowabigsocietycouldworkeverydayIwasgrowingup，”hesaid，“Iknowwhataremyresponsibilities.”MrCameronSenior’sdisabilityisnotthoughttohaveplayedanypartinhisdeathaged77.Friendssaidhewas“soproud”toseehissonbecomePrimeMinisterinMay，andhadvisited10DowningStreetandChequers.However，thefamily’svariousholidayplansmeantthathedidnotgettomeethislatestgranddaughterFlorence，whowasdeliveredtothePM’swifeSamanthalastmonth.语篇解读本文主要介绍了英国前任首相卡梅伦的父亲，一位身有残疾却凭着坚韧毅力取得非凡成就的股票经纪人。1．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．ThelifeandcharacterofMrCameronSenior.B．Ahugeherofigureintheeyesofson.C．ThenewlyelectedPrimeMinister.D．Adisabledfatherandhiscareer.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章前面讲述的是老卡梅伦的出生、职业、婚姻等内容，均是为文章下文作铺垫的，目的在于说明儿子眼中的父亲是一个什么样的人。故选B。2．Inthetext，theunderlinedpart“theToryleader”inParagraph3refersto“”．A．MrCameronSeniorB．TheDailyTelegraphC．aleaderinthegovernmentD．FormerPrimeMinisterDavidCameron【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，本文介绍的是英国前首相卡梅伦的父亲，因此此处的“保守党领袖”指的应是戴维·卡梅伦。故选D。3．WhenMrCameronheardtherudewords，.A．heexplodedwithangerallofasuddenB．hethoughtthemanwastoofoolishC．hewasshockedandunabletounderstandD．heexpecteditalongtimeago【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“That’sodd，nooneeversaysthat.”可知，当MrCameron听到这句粗鲁的话时，感到很奇怪，因为以前从来没有人这么说过。故选C。4．AccordingtoMrCameron，“ABigSociety”means“”．A．peopletakeuptheirdutiesinthesocietyB．therearenumbersoffamiliesinthesocietyC．muchfreedomwillbeofferedtothepeopleD．manyeventswilltakeplaceinthefuture【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中MrCameron的话“‘TheyshowedmehowabigsocietycouldworkeverydayIwasgrowingup，’hesaid，‘Iknowwhataremyresponsibilities.’”可知，在成长过程中他深深地理解了abigsociety的含义，认为在这个社会中，每个人都应该承担自己的责任。故选A。5．Fromthelastparagraphwecanknowthat.A．FlorencewasadoptedbythePM’swifeB．thedisabilitycausedMrCameronSeniordeathC．MrCameronSeniorlivedin10DowningStreetD．MrCameronSeniortookaprideinhavingsuchason【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Friendssaidhewas‘soproud’toseehissonbecomePrimeMinisterinMay”可知，卡梅伦的父亲因儿子成为首相而感到自豪。故选D。二、EnriqueIglesiasisamostsuccessfulsinger!Bornin1975inMadrid，Spain，EnriqueisthechildofthefamoussingerJulioIglesias.Enrique’smotherisajournalist.Hisparentsdivorcedin1978.AlthoughEnriquelivedwithhismother，shesenthimtolivewithhisfatherbecauseofconcernsaboutherson’ssafety.Enriquewantedtobeasingersecretly，hedidn’twishhisfathertoknowthatanddidn’twanttoliveunderhisshelter.Hesoughthisdreamonhisown.Enriquereleased(发行)hisfirstalbum“EnriqueIglesias”in1995.Thisalbumhadacollectionofrockballads(民谣)andfivesinglesfromitwentstraighttothetopspotsinLatinmusic.Thisalbumwasfollowedbyanother“Vivir”in1997.ThreesinglesfromthisalbumoccupiedthetopspotsontheLatinchartsyetagain!Enriquealsofoundhimselfnominated(提名)forthe“FavoriteLatinArtist”attheAmericanMusicAwards.By1998，hehadreleasedhis3rdalbum，“CosasDelAmor”．ThisyearEnriquewonthe“FavoriteLatinArtist”．“Bailamos”gothimgreatfame.Oneofthesongsinthisalbumwasalsousedinamovie.Withthesuccessof“Bailamos”，Enriquenowalreadyhadmanyloyalfans.Thealbum，“Enrique”，wasreleasedin1999.Theyear2001broughtmoresuccessforhim.Hisalbum，“Escape”hadafewsinglesthatreachedthetopspots.Enriquebecameahouseholdname.Thisalbumishisbiggestsuccessfulalbumsofar.“Hero”and“Don’tTurnOfftheLights”soonturnedEnriqueintoasuperstar.Hisnextreleasein2002wasaSpanishalbum“Quizas”．ThisalbumbroughtEnriquea“LatinGrammyAward”fortheBestPopVocalAlbum.In2007，hereleasedanotheralbum“Insomniac”andthesong“DoYouKnow”becameaninstantlypopularsong.语篇解读本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎·伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历。6．Afterhisparentsdivorced，Enriquewassenttohisfather’sbecause.A．hecouldbeprotectedfromsomedangersB．hecouldlearnsingingfromhistalentedfatherC．hismotherwouldbeabletofocusonhercareerD．hisfathercouldteachhimhowtobehavecorrectly【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Enrique’smotherisajournalist.”及第五句“AlthoughEnriquelivedwithhismother，shesenthimtolivewithhisfatherbecauseofconcernsaboutherson’ssafety.”可知他的母亲是个记者，他被送到父亲那里，是因为母亲担心儿子的安全问题。故选A项。7．Enriquedidn’ttellhisfatherabouthisdreamingofbecomingasingerbecausehe.A．wantedtotryanewsingingstyleB．hatedhisfatherforhiscarelessnessC．didn’twanttobenefitfromhisfather’sfameD．plannedtogivehisfatherasurprisewhenhesucceeded【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Enriquewantedtobeasingersecretly，hedidn’twishhisfathertoknowthatanddidn’twanttoliveunderhisshelter.”可知选C项。8．Whichofthefollowingalbumshasasongadoptedinamovie?A．“Vivir”．B．“Bailamos”．C．“EnriqueIglesias”．D．“CosasDelAmor”．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThisyearEnriquewonthe“FavoriteLatinArtist”．“Bailamos”gothimgreatfame.Oneofthesongsinthisalbumwasalsousedinamovie.”可知“Bailamos这张专辑让他成名，这张专辑中的一首歌被用在电影中，故选B项。9．Thethirdparagraphisdevelopedmainlyby.A．followingtheorderofhisalbums’influenceB．analyzingthestyleofhisalbumsC．makingcomparisonsofhisalbumsD．followingtheorderoftime【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段提到的时间状语，可知是按时间排列，故选D项。10．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．EnriqueIglesias’LuckyLifeB．BiographyofEnriqueIglesiasC．EnriqueIglesias’SecrettoSuccessD．EnriqueIglesias’WonderfulSingingSkills【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎·伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历，故选B项。三、It’shardtofindAliceMunrointhemedia.Evenaftershewonthe2013NobelPrizeinLiterature，theCanadianwriterjustappearedforaquickinterviewandthendroppedoutofsight.OnDec29th，shestilldidn’tseekthespotlightwhenshewasnamedoneofthefiveWomenoftheYearbytheFinancialTimes.InMunro’seyes，ordinarylivesalwayshidelargerdramas.Sosherecordswhatwecasuallythinkofastheeverydayactionsofnormalpeople.Sheoftenfocusesonlifeinherhometown，asmallvillageinOntariowhichsheismostfamiliarwith.Shewritesabouttheordinarythingsinthevillage—treesintheOntariowilderness，poorcountryschoolsandlonglastillnesses.Aboveall，shetalksaboutgirlsandwomenwhohaveseeminglyordinarylivesbutstruggleagainstdailymisfortune.Shehasaspecialtalentforuncoveringtheextraordinaryintheordinary.Theseareordinarypeople，ordinarystories，butshehasthemagic.Herpreciselanguage，depthofdetailandthelogicofherstorytellinghavemadeherstoriesinviting.Runaway，oneofMunro’srepresentativeworks，isagoodexampleofherwritingstyle.OneofthestoriescentersonthelifeofanordinarywomanCarla，wholivesinasmallCanadiantownwithherhusbandClark.ThestoryslowlyformsapictureofCarla，trappedinabadmarriage，herunhappinessbuildingintodesperationuntilshedecidestoflee.ThestoryofCarlaisastoryofthepowerandbetrayalsoflove.Itisaboutlostchildrenandlostchancesthatwecanallfindinlife.Thereispainbeneaththesurface，likeaneedleintheheart.Sinceshepublishedherfirstcollectionofshortstoriesin1968，Munrohaswonmanyawards，withtheNobelPrizebeingherbiggesthonor.OnOct10th,2013，theNobelPrizecommitteenamedMunrothe“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”．语篇解读本文介绍了AliceMunro及其创作风格。11．WelearnfromParagraph1thatAliceMunro.A．didn’tgetonwellwiththemediaB．wassurprisedatwinningtheNobelPrizeC．didn’tvaluethetitleofWomenoftheYearD．remainedmodestthoughverysuccessful【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。由第一段第一句及后面举的两个例子可知选D。12．ManyofAliceMunro’sworks.A．centeronthehappylifeofcountrywomenB．areaboutbetrayalsofloveandviolenceC．focusoneverydaylifeofordinarypeopleD．areromanticstoriessetinherhometown【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Sosherecordswhatwecasuallythinkofastheeverydayactionsofnormalpeople...longlastillnesses.”可知答案为C。13．WhatmakesAliceMunro’sstoriesfascinatingaccordingtothetext?A．Thecomplicatedplots.B．Herrichimagination.C．Thehumorouslanguage.D．Herwritingtechniques.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Herpreciselanguage，depthofdetailandthelogicofherstorytellinghavemadeherstoriesinviting.”可知，AliceMunro的作品之所以吸引人是因为她高超的写作技巧。14．InherrepresentativeworkRunaway，Carla.A．triestorunawayfromherhusbandB．isafaithfulwifetoherhusbandC．leadsahappylifewithClarkD．losesallhopesforabetterlife【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由第四段中的“...shedecidestoflee”可知答案。15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．AliceMunroandherhometown.B．AliceMunroandherwritingstyle.C．AliceMunro’srepresentativeworks.D．TheawardsAliceMunrowon.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了AliceMunro及她的写作风格。四、Since2011，theformerrailwayengineerhasbeendrivingaroundthecityeverysingleday，lookingforabandonedtar(柏油)andgravel(碎石)onroadsides.Hecollectsthematerialandusesittofillpotholes(坑洼)，attimesspendinghisownpensionmoneytodoit.Tilak，earninghimselfthenickname“roadengineer”，doesn’trestricthimselftohisneighborhood—hepatchesupeverypotholehecanfindinthecity.“AfterworkingfortheSouthCentralRailwayinIndiafor35years，IretiredinOctober2008andspentsometimeoffin2009，alsotravelingtotheUStomeetmyson，”Tilaktoldthelocalmedia.“InJanuary2010，Icamebackandtookupajobasaconsultantinasoftwareagency.”“IwasdrivingtomyfirstdayofofficewhenIendedupsplashingdirtymudwateronschoolchildrenaftermycarfellintoapotholeontheroad，”herecalled.“Thenafewmoreaccidentsfollowedatvariousplaces.”Hekeptexplainingtothepolicethattheseaccidentswouldn’thaveoccurrediftheroadshadbeensmooth.Butthenhewitnessedamajoraccidentthatchangedeverything.Tilakdecidedtotakechargeofmattershimself.“Afterthat，IquitmyjobandforthenextyeartillJune2012，Ispentmypensionmoneyinfixingroads，”hesaid.Tilak’swifewasworriedabouthishealthandcalledhissontotalksomesenseintohim.ButthesonwassoimpressedthatheendeduphelpingTilakinstead，bysettingupawebsiteandFacebookpage.Asmoreandmoreresidentsgottoknowofit，theybegantoshowupandhelpTilakfixthecity’spotholes.Today，theyevenhaveahelplinewherepeoplecancalltocomplainaboutpotholesintheirareas.Tilak’ssonalsomanagedtogetthegovernmentontheirside.Tilakdoesn’tacceptdonations，butheencouragespeopletojoininthephysicalwork.Hehopesthatwithmediaattention，hecaninspireachangeintheattitudeofthegeneralpublic.Hebelievesthatthe“nothing-can-be-done”attitudeiswhatlimitsalotofpeopleinthecity，andhewantsthattochange.语篇解读文章主要讲述了Tilak在印度中南部铁路工作了35年，退休回到家后继续用自己的钱修复破坏的公路的事。16．WhatwasTilak’smission?A．Togetpaidlittleforhiswork.B．Tobuytarandgraveltofixroads.C．Torecyclematerialstomendroads.D．Togetfinancialhelpfromthegovernment.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Hecollectsthematerialandusesittofillpotholes(坑洼)，attimesspendinghisownpensionmoneytodoit.”可知，Tilak用他收集到的各种材料来填补坑洼的路面，有时还会花自己的钱去做这些，结合选项，故选C。17．WhatmadeTilaktakeupthejobtofixroads?A．Loveforchildren.B．Astrongsenseofsocialresponsibility.C．Apassiontomakecontributionstosociety.D．Eagernesstoreturntowork.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段中的“Tilakdecidedtotakechargeofmattershimself.”可知，Tilak在目睹了很多车祸之后，觉得如果这些道路不是低洼不平，就不会有那么多事故了，因此，他决定做修路的事，结合选项，他是出于社会责任感而做这些。故选B。18．WhatistherightdescriptionaboutTilak?A．Hebegantofixroadsfromhisretirement.B．Hetookupthejobasaconsultantfor3years.C．Heextendedhismissiontootherneighbors.D．HewasoncearailwayengineerworkingintheUS.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段中的“‘AfterworkingfortheSouthCentralRailwayinIndiafor35years，IretiredinOctober2008andspentsometimeoffin2009，alsotravelingtotheUStomeetmyson，’Tilaktoldthelocalmedia.‘InJanuary2010，Icamebackandtookupajobasaconsultantinasoftwareagency.’．..‘Afterthat，IquitmyjobandforthenextyeartillJune2012，Ispentmypensionmoneyinfixingroads，’hesaid.”可知A、B、D选项均不正确；根据文章后两段知C选项正确，故选C。19．WhatdoesTilakencouragepeopletodo?A．Takeactiontomakeadifference.B．Quittheirjobstoservetheirneighbors.C．Fillpotholestobeanother“roaddoctor”．D．Takepartinthephysicalworkbutnotbrainwork.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Hehopesthatwithmediaattention，hecaninspireachangeintheattitudeofthegeneralpublic.”可知，Tilak希望随着媒体的关注，他能激励公众改变态度，故选A。20．Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheThingThatEveryoneShouldHave—WarmHeartB．TheStrongestSupportIsfromFamilyMembersC．TheRetirementIsNottheEndofCareerD．TheRespectableManIsWorthyofHisName—RoadDoctor【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Tilak在印度中南部铁路工作了35年，退休回到家后继续用自己的钱修复破坏的公路的事。他成为了一位真正的道路医生，故选D。五、Doyoueverwishforalittlemoretimetodoeverythingyouneedtodo？Well，onJuly1you’llbegettingit—butonlyonemoresecond.OnJuly1atexactly7：59：59a．m.Beijingtime(oronJune30at23：59：59UTC，CoordinatedUniversalTime)，theworld’satomic(原子的)clockswillpauseforasinglesecond，or，moreprecisely，changetotheunusualtimeof7：59：60，accordingto.Theadditionofaleapsecond(闰秒)，announcedbytheParisObservatory，istokeepourclocksintimewiththeslowingofEarth’srotation(旋转)andastronomicaltimeasmeasuredbythesun.Justoneextrasecondcouldcausebigproblemsandaffectthewaycomputersandwebsiteswork，however.Whenthelastleapsecondwasaddedbackin2012，morethanafewwebsiteshadsometrouble.AsreportedbyP，popularsiteslikethecommunitywebsiteRedditcrashedwhentheleapsecondwasadded.ForReddit，theproblemwaseventuallyfoundtobewithaLinuxsystemthatgotconfusedwhenitcheckedthenetworktimeandfoundanextrasecond.SpeakingtoWiredabouttheproblembackin2012，LinuxcreatorLinusTorvaldscommented：“Almosteverytimewehavealeapsecond，wefindsomething.It’sreallyannoying，becauseit’scode(代码)thatisalmostneverused，andthusnottestedbyusersundertheirnormalconditions.”Companieshavehadtothinkoftheirownsolutions，andGoogle’s“leapsmear”maybethebest-knownexample.AscompanyengineerChristopherPascoeexplainsinablogpost，companiesusuallytrytofixtheproblembyturningbacktheclocksbyonesecondattheendofthedaysothattheyplaythatsecondagain.However，Pascoebelievesthiscreatesproblems.Heasked：“Whathappens？Doese-mailthatcomesinduringthatsecondgetstoredcorrectly？”Googlehasasolution：Cuttheextrasecondintomillisecondsandthenputthesetinyamountsoftimeintothesystemthroughouttheday.“Thismeansthatwhenitbecametimetoaddanextrasecondatmidnight，”saysPascoe.“Ourclockshavealreadytakenthisintoaccountoverthecourseoftheday.”FormanycompanieswithoutGoogle’smoney，however，theleapsecondwilllikelystillcausesomecrashes.Don’tworry，though—atleastitwon’tlastlong!语篇解读本文主要介绍了“闰秒”带来的影响及其解决方案。1．Whydoweneedtoaddaleapsecond?A．Theworld’satomicclocksaresettodoso.B．Tokeepintimewiththeworld’scomputers.C．TokeepatomicclocksintimewiththeslowingofEarth’srotation.D．Torecordthechangestoastronomicaltime.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Theadditionofaleapsecond(闰秒)，announcedbytheParisObservatory，istokeepourclocksintimewiththeslowingofEarth’srotation(旋转)andastronomicaltimeasmeasuredbythesun.”可知，闰秒是由于地球自转变慢引起的，为了与由太阳测量的天文时间一致而增加一秒，故选C。2．WhathappenedtothewebsiteRedditwhentheleapsecondwasaddedin2012?A．Itcrashedbecauseofavirusattack.B．Itsnetworktimeaddedtwoextraseconds.C．AllofthecodeinitsLinuxsystemwentwrong.D．Oneofitssoftwaresystemsgotconfusedandthesitebrokedown.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段中“theproblemwaseventuallyfoundtobewithaLinuxsystemthatgotconfusedwhenitcheckedthenetworktimeandfoundanextrasecond”可知，闰秒发生时，网站崩溃，运行系统混乱，故选D。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something”refertointhe5thparagraph?A．Thecodenotworkingproperly.B．Theextrasecond.C．Theproblem.D．Normalconditions.【答案】A【解析】代词指代题。根据文章第五段中“wefindsomething.It’sreallyannoying，becauseit’scode(代码)thatisalmostneverused，andthusnottestedbyusersundertheirnormalconditions”可知，something指代后文出现的一些从没使用过和测试过的代码，即代码不正常地工作，故选A。4．Howdocompaniesusuallydealwiththeproblemoftheextrasecond?A．Byshuttingdowncomputersattheendoftheday.B．Bystoppingreceivingemailsthatcomeinduringthatsecond.C．Byturningtheclocksbackbyonesecondattheendoftheday.D．Bycuttingtheextrasecondintomillisecondsthroughouttheday.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“companiesusuallytrytofixtheproblembyturningbacktheclocksbyonesecondattheendofthedaysothattheyplaythatsecondagain”可知，解决额外一秒的做法是在一天结束时将时钟往回调一秒，故选C。5．What’sChristopherPascoe’sattitudetowardGoogle’ssolutiontotheproblem?A．Unfavorable. B．Doubtful.C．Approving. D．Cautious.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Thismeansthatwhenitbecametimetoaddanextrasecondatmidnight，’saysPascoe.‘Ourclockshavealreadytakenthisintoaccountoverthecourseoftheday.’”可知，午夜时分多一秒时，时钟已经在白天将这一秒考虑在内了，所以Pascoe认同这个方法，故选C。六、Soapingupyourhandsmaydomorethanjustgetridofgerms.Itmaywashawaytheinnerconfusionyoufeelrightafterbeingforcedtomakeachoicebetweentwoappealingchoices，accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudybuildsonpastresearchintoaphenomenonknownas“theMacbetheffect”．ItturnsoutthatShakespearewasreallyontosomethingwhenheimaginedLadyMacbethtryingtocleanherconscience(良心)byrubbinginvisiblebloodstainsfromherhands.Afewyearsago，scientistsaskedpeopletodescribeapastwrongact.Ifpeoplewerethengivenachancetocleantheirhands，theylaterexpressedlessguiltthanpeoplewhohadn’tcleaned.ThisfindingfascinatedW．S.Lee，aresearcher.“Anythingfromthepast，anykindofnegativeemotionalexperiences，mightbewashedaway，”saysLee.Hedecidedtotesthandwashing’seffectononekindofbadfeeling：thetensionwefeelafterbeingforcedtochoosebetweentwoattractivechoices，becausepickingonechoicemakesusfeelthatwe’velosttheother.Peopleusuallytrytocalmthisinnerconflictbylaterexaggerating(夸大)thepositiveaspectsoftheirchoice.Hehadstudentsrank10differentmusicCDs.ThenheofferedstudentsoneCDasagift.Somestudentsthenusedliquidsoap.Othersonlylookedatthesoaporsniffed(嗅)it.“Actually，youdonotneedwaterandsoap，”saysLee.Later，thestudentsagainhadtorankallthemusic.Peoplewhodidn’twashtheirhandshadthenormalresponse—theyscoredtheirtake-homeCDhigher，suggestingthattheynowsawitasevenmoreattractivethanbefore.Butthiswasn’ttrueforthehandwashers.Theyrankedthemusicaboutthesame.“Theyfeelnoneedatalltojustifythechoice，”saysLee.Buttheimplicationsofitjustaren’tclear.Schwarzsaysit’stoosoontoknowwhetherpeopleshouldheadforasinkaftermakingatoughchoice.Hesayswashingmayhelpdecision-makersbycleaningawaymentaldisorder，butperhapsiftheydon’tgothroughtheusualpost-decisionprocessofjustifyingtheirchoice，theymightfeelmoresorrowinthelongrun.语篇解读本文主要讲述了用香皂洗手会帮助人们缓解作决定时的紧张与不安的情绪。6．TheMacbetheffectreferstothefactthat.A．peoplefeellessashamedafterwashingtheirhandsB．soapingupone’shandmayhelpwashawaytheinnerconfusionandmakeadecisionC．peoplefeellessguiltybygettingridofinvisiblegermsfromtheirhandsD．ShakespearedidscientificresearchbeforewritingMacbeth【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，人们在洗手后会感到良心上的愧疚感减轻，故选A。7．AccordingtoLee，afterpeoplemakethechoice.A．theywilloverstatethegoodnessoftheirchosenchoiceB．theywillfeelregretfulfornotchoosinganotherC．theywillfeelfreeduetothefeelingoflosingtheotherchoiceD．theywillthinknothingoftheirchosenchoiceanymoretocalmtheirinnerconflict【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由第四段内容可知，在做出两个选项的选择后，人们通常会紧张不安，以夸大自己所选择的事物的优点来使内心平静，故选A。8．AccordingtoLee，thosehandwashersconsiderjustifyingtheirchoice.A．morescientific B．unnecessaryC．alittleconvincing D．absolutelyuseless【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Theyfeelnoneedatalltojustifythechoice，’saysLee.”可知选B。9．WhatdoesSchwarzneedtoresearchmore?A．Whetherpeopleneedtojustifytheirchoice.B．Whetherpeoplefeelmoresorrowafterwashinghands.C．Whetherwashinghandshelpoveralongperiodoftime.D．Whetherwashinghandsishelpfultomakeachoice.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。通过最后一段内容可知，洗手从长远看是否有作用还需要更多的研究，故选C。10．Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．IsWashingHandsNecessarytoDefeatTension?B．WashingHandsWashesOurMindC．WashingHandsHelpsMakeaBetterChoiceD．WashingHandsReducestheStressofDecision【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。根据第一段内容以及整篇文章的介绍可知，本文主要讲洗手能够减轻作决定的压力，故选D。七、Youknowthesaying“You’reasyoungasyoufeel”．Well，theremaybesometruthinthat，accordingtoresearchersatHarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.EllenLanger，aHarvardpsychologistwhostudieshowthemindinfluencesthebody，andhercolleaguesreviewedthescientificliteratureforevidencethataperson’sperceptionoftheiragemightinfluencetheirhealth.TheypublishedtheirresultsinthejournalPerspectivesonPsychologicalScience.InonestudythatLangerled,47womenhadtheirhairdone.Thewomenwhothoughttheirnewhairdos(发型)madethemlookyoungerdidlookyoungertoobjectiveobservers，whowereshownbefore-and-afterpictures.Thewomenwhothoughttheylookedyoungeralsoshowedadropinbloodpressure.Anotherstudyinvolving4,421menfoundthatthosewhobecamebald(秃顶)atarelativelyyoungageweremorelikelytogetcancerandheartdiseasethanmenwhodidnot.Similarly，anotherstudyinvolving2,017menfoundthatthosewholosttheirhairearlyweremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease.“Webelievethatthefeelingsassociatedwithbeingolderthanone’srealageaccountforsomeofthesehealthoutcomes，”theresearcherswrote.Theresearchersalsodescribedstudieswhichfoundthatwomenwhohadchildrenlaterinlifeweremorelikelytobehealthierandlivelongerthanthosewhohadchildrenearly，whichtheyattributedtothefactthatthesemotherstendtospendmoretimewithyoungerwomen.Similarly，peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelongerthanthosewhomarryolderpartners，accordingtootherstudies.Takentogether，theresearchsupportsthegeneralmind-bodyhypothesis(假说)thatwhenayoungermindisprepared，ayoungerbodycanaccompanyit.Whilethemechanism(机制)remainsunclear，theresearchersfiguredthatsuggestionsassociatedwithagingcanmakeoneunconsciouslyorconsciouslyawareofoldageandsetinmotionaseriesofphysiologicalprocessesthatcanhaverealeffectsonshort-termandlong-termhealth.语篇解读本文为说明文，题材为科普知识类。觉得自己更年轻的人更健康也活得更长。11．Theunderlinedword“perception”inParagraph2means“”．A．view B．appearanceC．influence D．creation【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。由第一段第一句中的“You’reasyoungasyoufeel”及第二段第一句中的“howthemindinfluencesthebody”可推测出答案。12．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Bloodpressureiscloselyrelatedtohairdos.B．Feelingolderthanone’srealagemaybetiedtohealthproblems.C．Gettingcancerorheartdiseaseisthecauseofhairlosing.D．Thewomenwholovehairdoslookyoungerthanthosewhodon’t.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由第三段列举的三项研究的结果及最后一句话的总结可知选B。13．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that.A．ayoungermotherismorelikelytolivelongerB．theyoungeroneofacouplelivesmuchlongerC．oftenstayingwithyoungerpeoplecanbenefitpeople’shealthD．peoplewhowanttolivelongerneedtomarryyoung【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。由该段中举的例子可推知选C。14．Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A．gettingbaldtooearlyisnotgoodforhealthB．womenhadbettergivebirthlaterintheirlifeC．peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelongerD．people’sviewoftheiragemayhaveaneffectontheirownhealth【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。由第一段第一句中的“You’reasyoungasyoufeel”和最后一段第一句中的“theresearchsupportsthegeneralmind-bodyhypothesis(假说)thatwhenayoungermindisprepared，ayoungerbodycanaccompanyit”可知，人们对自己年龄的认知可能会影响健康，故选D。15．Fromwhichpageofanewspaperisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Economy. D．Politics.【答案】B【解析】文章出处题。本文是关于健康的，故最有可能出自报纸上的健康专栏。故选B。八、Whenyouwanttothrowsomethingoutas“junk”，bettertakeasecondthoughtasitmaybeofgreatvalue.Infact，scientistsmadethesamemistakewithDNAyearsago，andnowtheyaretryingtogetitright.WeoftensaythatDNAisakindofacidthatcontainsourgenes.Butthetruthisthatgenesonlymakeup1to2percentofourDNA，whichcausedscientiststobelievethattherestofitisuseless.Nevertheless，insteadofdoingnothing，junkDNA，asitiscalled，turnedouttobeplayinganimportantpartinourbody.Ifgenesarelikelightbulbs，thenjunkDNAactsasswitches.Theycontrolwhichgenesareusedinacellandhowactivetheyare.Forexample，theycandeterminewhetheracellbecomesalungcelloraneuron(神经元)．Thestudy，publishedinthejournalNatureonSeptember5，startedin2003，and442scientistsfrom30labsaroundtheworldwereinvolved，accordingtoReuters.Itisconsideredthebiggestbreakthroughingenomics(基因学)inadecadebecauseitmighthelpscientistsfindthecauseofcertaindiseases.Ithaslongbeenknownthatmanycomplicateddiseases，suchascancer，arecausedbytinychangesinDNA.Butnowscientistsrealizethatmostofthechangesoccurnotinthegenesthemselves，butinthe“junk”parto