一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时

一般过去时知识结构一般过去时构成用法常用时间动词的过去式1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。yesterdaylastnightin1990twodaysago动词过去式的构成规那么动词不规那么动词构成读音规那么动词过去式的构成构成规那么例词1、一般在动词原形末尾加–edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2、结尾是e的动词加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried清念/t/,元浊/d/;/t//d/之后念/id/规那么动词词-ed的读音说明：1、清念/t/，即ed在清辅音后面念/t/,例：finishedhelpedpassedcooked2、元浊/d/,即ed在元音，浊辅音后面念/d/,例：borrowedenjoyedcalledmoved3、/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：wantedshoutedneededcounted不规那么动词表InfinitivePasttenseamiswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancouldInfinitivePasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfell用法1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Hewashereyesterday.Igotupatsixthirtyyesterdaymorning.Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.Didyouhaveagoodtimelastsummer?2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Myfatheroftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.常用时间常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：yesterdayyesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…)twodaysago,aweekago,threeyearsago…in1990,(in1998…)一般过去时态句式的构成

陈述句式动词肯定式否定式

beIwas….He/She/itwas….We/You/Theywere….Iwasnot(wasn’t)….He/She/Itwasnot(wasn’t)….We/You/Theywerenot(weren’t)…

workI/You/He/She/It/We/You/Theyworked.I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They

didnot(didn’t)work.

进入下页返回首页一般过去时态句式的构成

疑问句式动词疑问句式和简略答语第一人称第二人称第三人称be

WasI…?Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.

Washe/she/it…?Yes,he/she/itwas.No,he/she/itwasnot.

Werewe…?Yes,we/youwere.No,we/youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,wewere.No,wewerenot.

Werethey…?Yes,theywere.No,theywerenot.work

DidIwork?Yes,youdid.No,youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,Idid.No,Ididnot.

Didhe/she/itwork?Yes,he/she/itdid.No,he/she/itdidnot.

Didwework?Yes,we/youdid.No,we/youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,wedid.No,wedidnot.

Didtheywork?Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？

whatdidyou/she/theydoyesterday?I/she/theyworked.返回上页返回首页PRACTISE改写句子：1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.〔改否认句〕Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.〔变一般疑问句)______he___________meatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.〔对划线局部提问〕_________________she_____there?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.〔变一般疑问句)_____there_____orangeinthecup?

didn’tdoDidfindany

HowlongdidstayWasanyThat’sgreat√过去进行时根本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。根本结构主语+was/were+doing+其他内容

注:doing就是现在分词，词形变化与现在进行时相同常用的时间状语

thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,justnow不同的句式肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它否认句:主语+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+doing+其它特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它用法

1.过去进行时的根本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。如：Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看书时睡着了。

2.过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如：Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。能否让我搭一下车。3.过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与always,forever,continually等副词连用。如：Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他们老是吵架。4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较：Hewasfriendly.他很友好。(指过去长期如此)Hewasbeingfriendly.他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)一般过去时与过去进行时的区别1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。比较：Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。(信不一定写完)

2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。

如：Shewavedtome.她朝我挥了挥手。Shewaswavingtome.她一直朝我挥手。3、句中有amomentago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。

4、句中有atthistimelastSunday,from8to9yesterday之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：

IwastalkingtoTomtheotherday．那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。典型的例子1)Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.

A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes

答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。

2)Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.

read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell

答案B.句中的as=when,while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为"在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的fell(fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fallsick。

单项选择题1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell,wasriding

B.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rode

D.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslooking

B.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlooked

D.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.

A.hadseen,waspicking

B.saw,pickedC.hadseen,picked

D.saw,waspicking4.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.

A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked

6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!

---Oh,I’mterriblysorry.________.A.I’mnotnoticing

B.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticed

D.Ididn’tnotice

7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel

8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving填入以下单词的正确形式1.Itwaswarm,soI________offmycoat(take).2.John_________(take)aphotographofmewhileI__________(not/look).3.Jane______________________(wait)formewhenI__________(arrive).4.WhenIwasyoung,I____________(want)tobeabusdriver.

5.MybrothercameintothebedroomwhileI___________

(dance).6.________he__________(lie)onthegroundatnineyesterdayevening?7.What__________Jim__________(write)whentheteachercamein?8.TheReads__________(nothave)lunchwhenIgottotheirhouse.9.MikeandI________(play)basketballatthattimeyesterdayafternoon.按要求转换以下句型。1.WewerehavingaPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.〔改为否认句〕We____________aPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.2.Katewasreviewingherlessonsateightlastnight.〔改为一般疑问句，并做肯、否认答复〕________Kate_______herlessonsateightlastnight?________,she________.

________,she_______.3.Heraninthepark.〔用atthistimeyesterday改写〕He_______________intheparkatthistimeyesterday.4.Theywereplayingcomputergamesatninelastnight.〔对划线局部提问〕________________they_______atninelastnight?5.Iwasreadinganovelatthreeyesterdayafternoon.〔对划线局部提问〕_________________you________atthreeyesterdayafternoon?

过去完成时态2.过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。1.PastperfectTense过去完成时构成：had＋过去分词6:007:00现在BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.肯定式：主语+had+p.p.+….

否认式：主语+hadn’t+p.p.+….

疑问式：Had+主语+p.p.+…?

肯定答语：Yes,主语+had

否认答语：No，主语+hadn’tThedifferencesbetweenPresentPerfecttenseandPastPerfecttense.ShehastaughtEnglishfor6years.“WhereisSusan”“ShehasgonetoAmerica”.表示过去某时发生的动作，这动作可能刚刚停止,也可能还在进行。ShesaidshehadtaughtEnglishfor6years.(2)BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示过去某时之前发生的动作。现在完成时:主语+have/hasdone过去完成时:主语+haddone1.我到家时她已经睡了。

BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.2.到昨天晚上时消息已传遍全球。

Byyesterdayeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.3.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybeenonfortenminutes.4.我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始十分钟了。常用的时间状语等标志词：1、by,before,when,bythetime等构成的短语或引导的从句。Eg.1)Bythetimeshecametothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.2)Wehadfinishedthetaskbeforemidnight.3)WhenIarrivedatthepostoffice,IfoundthatIhadlefttheletterathome.4)AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.2、由said,told,knew,heard,thought等引导的宾语从句中。Eg.Hetoldmethathehadheardofit.Ithoughtmyhomeworkhadbeenfininshed.ButIdidn’t.3、从过去开始，一直持续到过去的另一时间的动作、状态。常用since，for.Eg.ShesaidthatshehadlearnedEnglishforyearssincehecametoourschool注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间状语，及since,for引导的从句和短语连用。Eg.1.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegunfortenminutes.2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfortenminutes.3.Hesaidthedoorhadbeenopendforlong.4.Hesaidthedoorhadopenedforlong.5.H