湖北省孝感市汉川麻河中学2022年高三英语期末试卷含解析

湖北省孝感市汉川麻河中学2022年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.About698,000laptopsweresoldinChinain____secondquarter,______2.1percentincreasefromayearago.A.a；a

B.the；a

C.the；the

D.a；the参考答案：B解析：第一个空表示“在第二季度”，序数词前用定冠词，而第二空中心词是increase,此处用作可数名词，其前用不定冠词．2.Youcanusealargeplasticsbottle,_________cutoff,asaplottogrowflowersin.

A.withitstop

B.thetopofwhich

C.whosetop

D.itstopis参考答案：A略3.Notuntilthetrainpulledintothenextstation_______hersuitcasegone.A.Maryhadfound

B.hadMaryfoundC.didMaryfind

D.Maryfound参考答案：C4.

Don'tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.anddoing参考答案：C．

解析：非谓语动词的用法。做伴随状语应用现在分词。5.Helikessuchhouseswithgardens,buthedoesn'thavemoneytobuy_____．

A．it

B．one

C．that

D．this参考答案：B6.Heboughtahouse,___________

thepriceisreasonable.A.whose

B.its

C.ofwhich

D.ofwhom参考答案：C7.Tom

me

at9.00atthecornerofthestreetandwedrovetothebooksalewherewe

avaluablefirstedition.

A.picked;out;pickedup

B.picked;up;pickedup

C.picked;off;pickedon

D.picked;up;pickedon参考答案：B8.Everyoneonthisplanetisdifferent,andthat's______

makesitsuchabeautifulplace.A.When B.how C.what D.why参考答案：C【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个星球上的每个人都不一样，那是使得这个星球成为美丽的地方的东西。分析句子可知，系动词is后是表语从句，从句缺少主语，what引导表语从句，从句中作主语，when“……的时候”作时间状语；how“如何”作方式状语；why“为什么；……的原因”作原因状语。故选C。9.Fromtheword________ontheoldpot,wedecidethatitdatesbacktoatleastfivehundredyearsago.

A.havingbeenmarked

B.marked

C.tobemarked

D.beingmarked参考答案：B24.Blessyourheart,Iknowyoudidn'tbreakthevase________.Don'tcry!

A.onpurpose

B.byaccident

C.onbusiness

D.bymistake参考答案：A略11.Theairlinehasabooklet_____willtellyoumostoftheimportantinformationtoEurope.A.inwhich

B.aboutwhich C./

D.that参考答案：D12.Ourteachersoftenencourageusthateveryminutewespendonstudyingwillfinally

inthenearfuture．A．runout

B．gooff

C．comeout

D．payoff参考答案：D13.Ifeellike_________alongwalk.Wouldyoulike_______withme?A.taking;going

B.taking;togo

C.totake;togo

D.totake;going参考答案：B14.Wouldyoulike_______knifeandfork，orwouldyouratheruse_______chopsticks，sir?A．the；the

B．a；/

C．/；the

D．/；/参考答案：B。句意是：先生，你是用刀叉还是用筷子？考查冠词的用法。“一副刀叉”用“aknifeandfork”，筷子用复数chopsticks表示泛指,不用加冠词，表示“一副／一双筷子”用“apairofchopsticks”。15.Withtheword"PM2.5"______heardandseeninourlife,peoplebecomemoreandmoreconcernedaboutairpollution.A.constantly B.occasionally C.consequently D.contemporarily参考答案：A16.Notonly______interestedinthefootballbut_______beginningtoshowaninterestinit.

A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsare;

B.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudents;

C.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudents;

D.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare;参考答案：D17.—Whatarewegoingtodowiththelargecupboard?—I’msureit_______averygoodshelf．

A．willmake

B．ismaking

C．ismade

D．canbemade参考答案：A二、新的题型18.Howdowepreventtransmissionofthevirus?Thisnewviruscurrentlyhasa___36___(limit)geographicspread.___37___,thereareanumberofstandardhygiene(卫生)practices___38___havebeenrecommendedtoprotectagainstinfectionandfurtherspread.Theseincludecoveringyourmouthandnosewhencoughingorsneezingwithamedicalmask,tissueorflexedelbow;avoidingclosecontactwiththosewhoareunwell;theappropriateuseof___39___(mask)andpersonalprotectiveequipment,___40___(especial)inahealthcaresetting;washinghandsregularlywithsoapandwater,oralcohol-basedhandrub.Actionsthatcanbetakentopreventinfectionfrom___41___animalsourceinclude:avoidingunnecessaryunprotectedcontactwithanimals;washinghandsaftercontactwithanimalsoranimalproducts;andensuringthatanimalproductsarecookedthoroughlybeforethey___42___(consume).___43___isimportanttostayhomeifyou’refeelingunwell.Butifyouhaveafever,cough,anddifficulty___44___(breath),seekmedicalcareearlyandshareyourprevioustravelhistory___45___yourhealthcareprovider.参考答案：36.limited

37.However

38.that/which

39.masks

40.especially

41.an

42.areconsumed

43.It

44.breathing

45.with本文是说明文。介绍了如何防止病毒传播的一些具体措施。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：这种新病毒目前的地理传播范围有限。修饰名词短语geographicspread用形容词，指有限的地理传播，故填limited。【37题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，有一些标准的卫生措施已被推荐，以防止感染和进一步传播。前后句是转折关系，结合空后的逗号，故填However。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。句中包含定语从句，先行词是practices指物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。【39题详解】考查名词复数。句意：适当使用口罩和个人防护设备，特别是在医疗环境中。作介词of的宾语用名词，theuseof+名词指“……的使用”，此处前面没有冠词，表示泛指用复数，故填masks。【40题详解】考查副词。句意同上。修饰后面介词短语用副词，意为“特别是在医疗环境中”，故填especially。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：可以采取的防止来自动物源的感染措施包括：避免与动物进行不必要的无保护的接触。animal是单数可数名词，且开头是元音因素，表示“一种”用an，故填an。【42题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：确保动物产品在食用前彻底煮熟。句中they指的是animalproducts，与动词consume是被动关系，在从句中作谓语用被动语态。结合全文是一般现在时，故填areconsumed。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：如果你感觉不舒服，呆在家里是很重要。句中用it做形式主语，不定式tostayhome是真正主语，故填It。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。此处表示“做某事有困难”用havedifficulty(in)doingsth.故填breathing。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：但是如果你有发烧、咳嗽和呼吸困难，尽早就医，和你的医疗服务人员分享你以前的旅行经历。“和某人分享某事”是sharesth.withsb.故填with。三、阅读理解19.RecentsummertemperaturesinpartsofAustraliawerehighenoughtomeltasphalt.Asglobalwarmingspeedsuptheheatandclimaticeventsincrease,manyplantsmaybeunabletocope.Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto“sweat”whenotheressentialprocessesstop,anewstudyfinds.Asplantschangesunlightintofood,orphotosynthesize(光合作用),theyabsorbcarbondioxidethroughporesontheirleaves.Theseporesalsoreleasewaterviatranspiration(蒸腾),whichcirculatesnutrientsthroughtheplantandhelpscoolitbyevaporation(蒸发).Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis—andmostexistingplantmodelssuggestthisshouldalsodecreasetranspiration,leavingtreesindangeroffatallyoverheating.Becauseitisdifficultforscientiststocontrolandvarytrees’conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment,littleisknownabouthowindividualspecieshandlethissituation.EcologistJohnDrakeoftheS.U.N.Y.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestryandhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum(Eucalyptusparramattensis)treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.SixofthetreesweregrownatsurroundingairtemperaturesandsixattemperaturesthreedegreesCelsiushigher.Theresearcherswithheld(扣留)waterfromthesurfacesoilofall12treesforamonthtoimitateamilddryspell,theninducedafour-day“extreme”heatwave:Theyraisedthemaximumtemperaturesinhalfofthepods（threewithsurroundingtemperaturesandthreeofthewarmerones）—to44degrees℃.Photosynthesisgroundtoanearhaltinthetreesfacingtheartificialheatwave.Buttotheresearchers’surprise,thesetreescontinuedtotranspireatclose-to-normallevels,effectivelycoolingthemselvesandtheirsurroundings.Thetreesgrowninwarmerconditionscopedjustaswellastheothers,andphotosynthesisratesbouncedbacktonormalaftertheheatwavepassed,DrakeandhiscolleaguesreportedonlineinGlobalChangeBiology.TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat—evenwithoutphotosynthesis—becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought(干旱)weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.Otherscientistscallthefindingencouraging.“It’sdefinitelygoodnews,”saysTrevorKeenan,anecologistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,whowasnotpartofthestudy.“Itwouldbeveryinterestingtoknowhowthistranslatestootherspecies,”headds.DrakehopestoconductsimilarexperimentswithtreescommoninNorthAmerica.38.Howdoesonespeciesofeucalyptustreecopewithextremeheatwaves?A.Byreleasingwater.

B.Byblockingsunlight.C.Byabsorbinggroundwater.

D.Byreducingphotosynthesis.39.Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringtheirstudy?A.Theygrewallthetreesinartificialtemperatures.B.Theyinducedaheatwaveinadozenpodsoftrees.C.Theycreatedclimate-controlledsurroundingsfortrees.D.Theyvariedtrees’conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment.40.Theunderlinedphrase“groundtoanearhalt”inParagraph4means“________”.A.continued

B.substitutedC.strengthened

D.ceased41.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Photosynthesisisnecessaryforthetreestosweat.B.Nofurtherexperimentswillbedoneotherspecies.C.OtherspecieswillbetransplantedtoNorthAmerica.D.Groundwaterhelpsthetreessurvivetheextremeheat.参考答案：38.A

39.C

40.D

41.D这是一篇科普说明文。联合国环境科学与林业学院的生态学家JohnDrake和他的同事们通过对红桉树做实验，得出结论：在极度的高温中，红桉树仍然可以通过释放水分来抵抗热浪，获得生存。38.细节理解题。由第一段中的“Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto“sweat”可知，桉树通过“流汗”，即释放水分来抵抗极度的热，故A选项正确。39.细节理解题。由第三段中的“EcologistJohnDrake…andhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum…treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.”可知，研究者们将12棵红桉树种植在巨大的，气候受控制