2024届高考英语阅读理解七选五部分专题复习

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gap-fillingtaskbasedoncohesiontheory分析考纲立足语篇把握衔接突破干扰Activity1析考纲,联语篇

Learningaims:Inthisclass,youwillbeableto:1.identifytheabilitiesdemandedinthegap-fillingtaskinNMET.2.learnaboutthreekindsofcohesionlexical,grammaticalandstructuralcohesion.3.analysegap-fillingtasksbyusingthese3kindsofcohesion.4.applythetheoryofcohesiontosetagap-fillingtask.Activity1

析考纲

联语篇Activity1析考纲,联语篇

Activity1析考纲

联语篇

What

isthegap-fillingtaskdesignedtotest?Activity1析考纲,联语篇

Activity1析考纲

联语篇

structure

contentlogicDiscourse七选五题型解读考查目的：

阅读理解“七选五”题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容、结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。考试说明解读：

该题型的实质是句子填空，考生将句子空白补充完整，使语篇内容合情，逻辑合理，行文合法。考查考生既要在整体上对语篇（Discourse）结构进行宏观把握，又要在词汇、语法、逻辑等衔接（Cohesion）方式进行微观分析的能力。Cohesion

Manhasalwaysdependedonwood.Itisonesubstance,whichgrowsthatcanprovidehimwithshelter,fuelandclothing.Itisalsoasubstancewhichgiveshimmaterialsrangingfromthesoftesttissuestohard,metal-likeplastics.Afewyearsago,itwasfoundthatmanuseswoodandwoodproductsinatleast4,000ways.Probablybynow,hundredsofnewuseshavebeendeveloped.Activity1Activity1析考纲,联语篇

Activity1析考纲

联语篇

连贯(Coherence)是围绕一个共同的话题来链接与连贯全文，指的是篇章的语义关联，是篇章的无形网络，存在于篇章的底层。

衔接（Cohesion）是篇章的一种语言显性特征，是篇章的有形网络。语篇衔接的实现主要依赖三种手段即语法衔接、词汇衔接和结构衔接。Activity2

研真题

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Activity2研真题

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1.（2022全国课标卷III）____37____.Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputongiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.Thisisn’tusualthough.Itistraditionaltobringagifttohousewarmingparty.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.词汇衔接：原词复现

WordsofrepititionActivity2研真题

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2.(2021年新高考卷I)Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.____37____Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.词汇衔接：上下义词复现

Wordsofhyponymy总括与分述的词汇复现Activity2研真题

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3.（2022全国课标卷II）Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.____37____

E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.词汇衔接：4.（2017年6月浙江卷）Theman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.31Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.同/近义词复现

Wordsofsimilarmeanings反义词复现

Wordsofantonymy衔

接词汇衔接Lexicalcohesion语法衔接Grammaticalcohesion原词复现Wordsofrepitition

同义词复现Wordsofsimilarmeanings上下义词复现Wordsofhyponymy反义词复现Wordsofantonymy语法衔接Grammaticalcohesion照应Reference连接词

Conjunction替代Substitution省略Ellipsis照应是指用人称代词或指示代词等语法手段来表示的一种语义关系，也就是用代词代替前文提到的人或物，前后形成照应关系便于阅读。照应常分为人称照应（it,them,she...）和指示照应(this,that,those,these)。Activity2研真题

抓衔接

5.(2022全国课标卷II）Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.__40___Youshouldreassessyourgoal,andmotivateyourselfsetafreshgoal.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.表转折关系连接词语法衔接：指示代词照应连接词

Conjunction表示转折关系的关联词如however,but,although,though,while,instead,等表示因果关系的关联词如so,therefore,hence,consequently,then,thus等表示解释关系的关联词如inotherwords，infact,forexample,actually等表示并列或递进关系的关联词如also,besides,inadditionto,whatismore,inaddition,等表示比较关系的关联词如similarly,like,likewise,inthesameway,equally等表示对照关系的关联词

如onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand等表示总结关系的关联词

如sofar,altogether,overall,inshort,tosumup等

衔

接词汇衔接Lexicalcohesion语法衔接Grammaticalcohesion照应Reference连接词Conjunction替代Substitution省略Ellipsis结构衔接

Structuralcohesion（以说明文为例）概括具体模式General—SpecificPattern问题解决模式Problem—SolutionPattern原词复现Wordsofrepitition

同义词复现Wordsofsimilarmeanings上下义词复现Wordsofhyponymy反义词复现Wordsofantonymy结构衔接Structuralcohesion（以说明文为例）1概括陈述(general

statement)2具体陈述/具体细节或举例(details/examples)3总结陈述/评价(conclusion/comment)1情境(situation)2问题(problem)3反应/解决(response/solution)4评价/结果(evaluation/result)一般

特殊模式(General—ParticularPattern)问题

解决模式(Problem—SolutionPattern)立足语篇进行结构分析，将帮助我们理清结构，提炼主旨，快速答题！6.AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.___36___Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintheright

direction.●___37___Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.___38___Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?＂Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.＂●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.___39___●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.___40___Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?Activity2研真题

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问题解决模式(Problem—SolutionPattern)A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself­acceptance.F.

Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

6.

AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.___36___Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●

37

Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

Activity2研真题

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F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.E.

Setanintentionforself­acceptance.F.

Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.一般

特殊模式(General—ParticularPattern)

7.Let’stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.

31Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.32That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater,wecancatchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500,000childrendiefromdiarrhoea(腹泻)fromdirtywater.That’saround1,400childreneveryday!Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.33Therefore,theydon’thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon’tgetaneducation.

34Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.35Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.

Activity2研真题

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A.Weusewaterindirectlytoo.

B.Everysysteminourbodydependsonwatertofunction.

C.Itistoinspirepeopletolearnmoreaboutwater-relatedproblems.

D.Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,theycan’tgotoschool.

E.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink?

F.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.

G.Inthisway,theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.

Let’stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.

31Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.32That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater,wecancatchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500,000childrendiefromdiarrhoea(腹泻)fromdirtywater.That’saround1,400childreneveryday!Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.33Therefore,theydon’thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon’tgetaneducation.

34Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.35Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.

Para1-2提出重要性Para3分

析

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题Para4解

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方

法问题解决模式(Problem—SolutionPattern)Activity2研真题

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Let’stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.

31Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.A.Weusewaterindirectlytoo.衔接手段：逻辑连接词；同/近义词复现

Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.32

That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater,wecancatchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500,000childrendiefromdiarrhoea(腹泻)fromdirtywater.That’saround1,400childreneveryday!Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.33Therefore,theydon’thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon’tgetaneducation.E.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink?D.Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,theycan’tgotoschool.衔接手段：指示/人称代词替代；逻辑连接词

34Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.35Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.F.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.G.Inthisway,theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.衔接手段：指示代词替代；同义词复现Activity3

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Activity3依理论

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Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.

Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyouresetyourgoals.

Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.Thiscanaffectyourwork.So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.

Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.

Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeaPilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.

Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.Activity3依理论

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Para1

Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.

Activity3依理论

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Para2

Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivated