黄金卷01（试卷含解析）-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onasunnyafternoon,AnthonyPerrysteppedoffthetrainatChicago’s69thStreetstation.The20-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytoseehis1.Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!AsPerryandotherhorrifiedpassengerswatched,heshookuncontrollablyasthe2movedthroughhisbody.“Helphim!”someonecried.“Please,someone!”Perrycouldn’tjuststandthereand3.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim,usingahigh-kneetechniquefromhishighschoolfootballdays.Perrysoonreacheddownandgraspedthevictim’swrist.5,hefeltapowerfulelectricshockshootthroughhisbody.Perryjumpedback.Hereacheddownasecondtime,andwasshockedagain.Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe6.“Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyontheplatform.Perrywasnoexpert,butforafewmomentsheworkedontheman’sheartuntilthevictimregained7.Then,first-aidersarrived.Perrylettheprofessionals8.Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.Theeveningnewsreportedtheincident,9anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife.Tomany,Perry’s10deedsdemonstratedthepowerofchoosingcompassionoverpersonalsafety.1．A．managerB．clientC．grandfatherD．aunt2．A．currentB．oxygenC．waveD．blood3．A．imagineB．watchC．shoutD．record4．A．HopingB．AssumingC．ComplainingD．Recalling5．A．InstantlyB．SlightlyC．NormallyD．Surprisingly6．A．trainB．crowdsC．platformD．rails7．A．strengthB．balanceC．consciousnessD．control8．A．lookaheadB．takeoverC．getaroundD．keepaway9．A．providingB．engagingC．assistingD．crediting10．A．generousB．gratefulC．courageousD．faithful第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。SwedishstudentsgenerallywelcomeAItoolsineducation,but62%considerusingchatbotsinexamsascheating.However,theboundariesofcheatingwithAIremainuncertain.Thisresult11(show)inasurveyfromChalmersUniversityofTechnology.Thestudy,thefirstofitskind12(investigate)students’attitudestowardsAIineducationhasgatheredcrucialinformationandpresentedtheresultsinanoverviewreport.Theresearchershopethesurvey’sfindingswillempowerstudents13helpthemgetabetterunderstandingofAI’sroleinlearning.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nowadays,peoplearechoosingtoliveinaminimalistlifestyle.Minimalism,14(bear)outofearly20th-centurymodernism,wasatrend15over-decoratedandover-furnished.Oneofthemainreasonspeoplechoosetobecomeminimalistsisthattheywanttoachievemoremeaningintheirlife.Throughpracticingminimalism,peoplereducetheirpossessionstoonesthatmakethem16(true)happy.Besides,digitalminimalismisparticularlyappealingtomillennialswhohavegrowntiredofsocialmediaandbeingaddictedtotheirtechnology.C阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Rachelhadalwaysbeenfascinatedwiththemysteriesofthesea.Shedreamedofexploringthe17(deep)ofitanddiscoveringunknowncreatures.Herobsessionintensifiedwhenshediscoveredanoldmapinhergrandfather’sattic(顶楼),whichshowedaplacemarked“hiddentreasure”.Ignoring18hermotherhadwarned,shestartedasmall-boatadventure.Afterhoursofsearchingwithnoluck,afriendlygiantoctopusappeared,guidinghertoasecretcave19shefoundtreasuresbeyondherwildestdreams.Fromthisexperience,Rachel20(know)thatthebravestseekersoftenfindthegreatesttreasures.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AStargazingFestivalsin2023Asmoreareasgrowbrighterwithlightpollution,nationalparksacrossthecountryhavebecomedark-skyhavens.Overtheyears,theyaremakingapushtogetcertifiedashavensforsky-watchingbytheInternationalDarkSkyAssociation,andtheyevenhosteventslikestargazingfestivalstogettravelersexcitedaboutastronomy.·BryceCanyonNationalPark—June14-17SituatedinsouthernUtah,BryceCanyonearneditsdark-skytitlein2019.The35,835-acreparkisanidealplacetostayuplate.Thisyear,itsannualastronomyfestivalincludesguidedstargazingsessions,lecturesand“starstories”presentations,family-friendlyactivities,andevenaperformancebystringsmusiciansinthenorthernArizona-basedDarkSkyQuartet.·ShenandoahNationalPark—August11-13Convenientlylocatedwithinaday’sdrivefromtwo-thirdsofAmericans,ShenandoahNationalPark’snightskyfestivalisalow-liftwaytodabbleinastronomy.Thenearly200,000-acreparkwillhostrangertalks,publicstargazingsessions,lectures,presentations,andactivitiesforkids.Staffersarestillworkingonthisyear’sfullschedule,butpasteventshavecoveredtopicsrangingfromspaceweathertonocturnal(夜间的)creatures.·GreatBasinNationalPark—September14-16GreatBasinisoneoftheleastcrowdednationalparks,makingittheperfectplacetoquietlyappreciatethemysteriesofthecosmos.Itsannualastronomyfestivalisscheduledforthisfallandincludesguestspeakers,constellationtalks,observatorytours,andaphotographyworkshop.Duringthefestival’sunique“ArtintheDark”program,participantswillgettopaintinlow-lightconditionsandexperimentwithhowtheireyesperceivecolor.·JoshuaTreeNationalPark—October13-14JoshuaTreeNationalPark,astheInternationalDarkSkyAssociationnotes,isthe“nearestconvenientplacetogostargazingunderarelativelydarksky”forthe18millionpeoplewholiveintheLosAngelesarea.Itbecameanofficialdarkskyparkin2017,andeachyear,ithostsanightskyfestivalinthefall.Asluckwouldhaveit,thisyear’sdatesoverlapwithanannular“ringoffire”solareclipse.FromJoshuaTree,themoonwillappeartoobscurebetween70and80percentofthesun.21．WhatisthepurposeofStargazingFestivals?A．Toraisepublicinterestinastronomy.B．Tocallforactionagainstlightpollution.C．Toprovideaplatformtoobservestars.D．Tocollectmoneyformoreobservatories.22．Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttoexperienceworkinginlow-lightconditions?A．BryceCanyonNationalPark.B．ShenandoahNationalPark.C．GreatBasinNationalPark.D．JoshuaTreeNationalPark.23．WhatmightbeabonustovisitorstoJoshuaTreeNationalParkduringthefestivals?A．Anobservatorytour.B．Aphotographyworkshop.C．Astargazingtour.D．Asolareclipse.BEverwonderwhathappenstospacecraftaftertheygetlaunchedtospace?Well,thatiswheremyjobasaninstrumentoperationsengineercomesin.Myjobconsistsofplanning,generating,andoperatingscientificinstrumentsin-flight.IamgratefulforhavingworkedonmissionsatSaturn,theMoon,andourownplanetEarth.WhenIwasahigh-schooler,IwasunsureofwhatcollegeIwantedtoattend,orwhatmajorIwantedtochoose.AfterreceivinganemailfromacollegecalledMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),Idecidedtoapplytoasummerprogramtheywereofferingwiththeencouragementofmymom.Afterparticipatinginthatprogram,IknewthatMITwastherightuniversityforme.Thepassionatestudentsandboundlessopportunitiesdevelopedafeelingofbelonginginmethatledmetoapplyandeventuallygetaccepted.ThemostexcitingandfulfillingpartofbeinganengineeristhatIamabletoworkonprojectsthatbenefithumanity.Whenpeoplethinkofthespaceindustry,theypicturetheouterreachesofoursolarsystem.Whattheymaynotimagineisthegreatbodyofworkbeingdonetostudyourownhome-Earth.Iamthankfultohaveacareerthatallowsmetocommitmyselftothatresponsibility.ThehighlightofmycareerhasbeenwitnessingtheendoftheCassinimissiontoSaturn.SomeofthepeopleontheteamhadbeenworkingonthemissionforlongerthanIhadbeenalive,buttheystilltreatedmeasoneoftheirown.Iwasgiventheopportunitytooperatethecamerasthatwouldcatchbreathtakingimagesoftheplanet.AndwhentheCassinispacecrafthadrunoutoffuel,Iquicklylearnedthatitwasnotjusttheendofthemission,buttheendofateam.ThenightwewatchedwithbittersweetlongingasitssignalfadedtonothingissomethingthatIwillalwayskeepinmymemories.AndwhileCassiniwillberememberedforitshistoriccontributions,whatIwillrememberitforistheteamitbroughttogether.Myfriendsoftenaskwhyagirlcouldachieveallthese.Ialwaysgrewupabigfanoffiction.IreadtheHarryPotterbooksandlovedanythingfantasy.Irealizedthatacommonthemeofherostoriesisthattheheromustalwaysmakeachoicetostarttheiradventure.Ifyoudon’tpickuptheswordinyourownstorybecauseyouareafraidofwhatmayhappennext,yourisknothavingastoryatall.24．WhydidtheauthorapplytoMIT?A．ThemajorsinMITinterestedher.B．HermotherurgedhertogotoMIT.C．Shesetthisgoalasahigh-schooler.D．AsummerprogrammadeherloveMIT.25．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutheroccupation?A．It’seasytopredictwhatshedoes.B．It’shardforagirltohavesuchacareer.C．Sheisannoyedbybeingmisunderstood.D．Sheisproudtoworkforhumanwell-being.26．WhatdoestheauthorvaluemostintheCassinimission?A．Itshistoriccontributions.B．Theteamitbroughttogether.C．Breathtakingimagesoftheplanet.D．Theopportunitytooperatethecameras.27．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．Nowayisimpossibletocourage.C．Wellbegunishalfdone.D．Timelostcannotbewonagain.CLaughingtogetherisanimportantwayforpeopletoconnectandbond.Andthoughthecausesoflaughtercanvarywidelyacrossindividualsandgroups,thesoundofalaughisusuallyrecognizablebetweenpeoplebelongingtodifferentcultures.Butwhataboutanimals?Dothey“laugh”?Andarethecausesofanimalandhumanlaughteralike?Inhumans,peoplemaylaughwhentheyhearajoke,orwhentheyseesomethingthattheythinkisfunny,thoughit’sunknownifanimals’intelligenceincludeswhathumanswouldcallasenseofhumor.However,manyanimalsproducesoundsduringplaythatareuniquetothatpleasantsocialinteraction.Researchersconsidersuchvocalizationstobesimilartohumanlaughter.Recently,scientistsinvestigatedplayvocalizationtoseehowcommonitwasamonganimals.Theteamidentified65speciesthat“laughed”whileplaying—mostweremammals(哺乳动物),butafewbirdspeciesdemonstratedplayfullaughtertoo.Reportsofplayfullaughterwerenotablyabsentinstudiesdescribingfish,perhapsbecausethereissomequestionastowhetherornotplayexistsatallinthatanimalgroup.Thisnewstudycouldhelpscientiststoanalyzetheoriginsofhumanlaughter.Buthowcanweidentifyplay?Unlikefighting,playisusuallyrepetitiveandhappensindependentlyofothersocialbehaviors,saidleadstudyauthorSashaWinkler,adoctorofbiologicalanthropologyattheUniversityofCalifornia.Whenitcomestoidentifyingit,“youknowitwhenyouseeit,”WinklertoldLiveScience.Onesignisthatprimates—ourclosestrelatives—havea“playface”thatissimilartotheexpressionsofhumanswhoareplaying.WhenWinklerpreviouslyworkedwithrhesusmacaques,shehadnoticedthatthemonkeyspanted(喘气)quietlywhileplaying.Manyotherprimatesarealsoknowntovocalizeduringplay,shesaid,soahypothesis(laughterinhumansisthoughttohaveoriginatedduringplay)supportedbytheplay-relatedpantinglaughterofmanyprimatespecieswasputforward.Peoplenowstilllaughduringplay,butwealsointegratelaughterintolanguageandnon-playbehaviors,usinglaughterindiversewaystoexpressarangeofemotionsthatmaybepositiveornegative.Humanlaughternotablydiffersfromotheranimals’laughterinanotherimportantway:itsvolume.Peoplebroadcasttheirlaughterloudly,oftenasawayofestablishinginclusion.Bycomparison,whenmostanimalslaugh,thesoundisveryquiet—justloudenoughtobeheardbythelaugher’spartner.“It’sreallyfascinatingthatsomanyanimalshaveasimilarfunctionofvocalizationduringplay,”WinklertoldLiveScience.“Butwedohavetheseuniquepartsofhumanlaughterthatarealsoanimportantareaforfuturestudy."28．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplaincausesofanimalandhumanlaughter.B．Toassesscomplexitiesregardinganimallaughter.C．Topresentfindingsontheexistenceofanimallaughter.D．Toanalyzedifferencesbetweenanimalandhumanlaughter.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Animallaughterisevennoticeableinfish.B．Animallaughterishardtorecognizeduringplay.C．Peoplehavelearnedtocombineplaywithlaughter.D．Peoplelaughloudlybecausetheywanttoinvolveothers.30．Whatisprobablythefocusoffuturestudyonlaughter?A．Distinctivefeaturesofhumanlaughter.B．Differentfunctionsofanimallaughter.C．Theoriginanddevelopmentofhumanlaughter.D．Therelationshipbetweenanimallaughterandintelligence.DPlantsneedsunlightforphotosynthesis(光合作用),theprocessofabsorbingenergyfromlighttocreatetheirownfoodfromcarbondioxideandwater.That’swhyplantsgrowandthriveinthewarmermonthswhenthereismoredaylightandaredormantinthecoldermonths.Butthisprocessisn’tparticularlyefficientandonlyonepercentoftheenergycontainedinsunlightactuallyendsupintheplant,accordingtoanewsreleasefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside.Nowscientistsattheuniversityhavefoundawaytobypasstheneedfornaturalphotosynthesisandtocreatefoodbyusingartificialphotosynthesis.Thisallowsplantstogrowincompletedarkness.“Withourapproachwesoughttoidentifyanewwayofproducingfoodthatcouldbreakthroughthelimitsnormallyimposedbybiologicalphotosynthesis,”correspondingauthorRobertJinkerson,aUCRassistantprofessorofchemicalandenvironmentalengineeringsaidinthenewsrelease.Theresearchersdevotedtoartificialphotosynthesisusedatwo-stepelectrocatalytic(电催化)processtoconventCO2,water,andelectricityintoacetate(醋酸盐)—themainingredientofvinegar—thattheplantorganismsconsumedtogrow.Theresearchersadjustedtheelectrolyzer,adevicethatuseselectricitytosupportthegrowthoffoodproducingorganisms.tocomeupwiththehighestlevelsofacetateeverproducedbythismethod.Thenewartificialphotosynthesismethodcouldbeupto18timesmoreefficientthansunlight.Experimentsshowedthatalargerangeoffoodproducingorganismscouldbegrownusingthisacetate.“Wewereabletogrowfoodproducingorganismswithoutanycontributionsfrombiologicalphotosynthesis,”saidElizabethHann,adoctoralcandidateintheJinkersonlabandco-leadauthorofthestudy.“Thistechnologyisamoreefficientmethodofturningsolarenergyintofood,ascomparedtofoodproductionthatrelicsonbiologicalphotosynthesis,”shesaid.Byeliminatingtheneedforsunlight,hepotentialofthismethodtoincreasefoodsupplyinregionswithless-thanidealgrowingconditionsisalmostendless,accordingtoNewAtlas.Foodwillbeabletobegrownalmostanywhere,includinginspaceandonotherplanets.“ImaginesomedaygiantvesselsgrowingtomatoplantsinthedarkandonMars—howmucheasierwouldthatbeforfutureMartians?”co-authorMarthaOrozco-Cárdenas,directoroftheUCRPlantTransformationResearchCentersaid.Whilethismaybeyearsoff,thepotentialtogrowfoodusingartificialphotosynthesishasgreatvalueinfeedingahungryplacewherethepopulationisgrowingandarablelandshrinking.Thisnewmethodincreasestheefficiencyoffoodproductionusinglesslandandminimizestheenvironmentalimpactontheplanet.31．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dormant”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Fresh.B．Resting.C．Healthy.D．Normal.32．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theprocessofartificialphotosynthesis.B．Thecontributionofnaturalphotosynthesis.C．Theefficiencyofsunlightonplantorganisms.D．Thewiderangeofapplicationsofartificialphotosynthesis.33．AccordingtoMarthaOrozco-Cárdenas,artificialphotosynthesisis.A．accurateB．dangerousC．promisingD．impractical34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Biologicalphotosynthesiscanhelpproducehigherqualityfood.B．Biologicalphotosynthesisismoreefficientinturningsolarenergyintofood.C．Usingartificialphotosynthesismaydecreasetheefficiencyoffoodproduction.D．Usingartificialphotosynthesistogrowfoodcanreduceenvironmentalinfluence.Whichishealthier:abagofcrispsoravegetablesalad?Thatiseasy.Nowwhichishealthier:apizzamadefromscratchoronemadefromthesamebasicingredients,withthesamenumberofcalories,pulledoutofaboxinthefreezer?Manypeoplewouldinstinctively(本能地)saytheformer,perhapsshowingavagueconcernwithprocessedfood.Suchfoodcanoftenbedelicious.Andthereismuchtocheeraboutcaloriesbeingcheapandabundant.35What’sthedistinctionbetween“ultra-processedfood(upf)”and“processedfood”?Almosteverythingpeopleconsumeisprocessedinsomeform.Riceisharvested;animalsarebutchered.Upfisusuallydescribedas“formulationsofingredients,madebyaseriesofindustrialprocesses,manyrequiringadvancedequipmentandtechnology”.36Theoneinthefreezer,withitsextra,modifiedingredients,isupf.Upfharmspeopleinwaysbothknownandunknown.Itseemstoaffectthetrillionsofbacteriathatcontributetohealthinarangeofways.Calorie-richbutusuallynutrient-poor,upfcontributestoobesity(肥胖症).Upfdisplaceshealthieralternatives,particularlyforpoorpeople.37Extraweightwasonceasignofwealth,butamongBritishandAmericanwomentoday,obesityratesarehigheratlower-incomelevels. 38Additivesthatmaybesafeinsmallquantitiesmaybeharmfulincombinationwithotherchemicalsorwhenconsumedregularly.Ifwearewhatweeat,consideringtheimpactofupfisessential. 39Peoplewholiveinso-called“foodswamps”,whereupfiseverywherebutrealfoodishardertoreach,couldspendlargeamountsoftimeandmoneyseekingoutfreshfood,butthatisnothowmostpeoplelive.Thereisnothingwrongwiththeoddfast-foodtrip,butanyonewhocanaffordtoeatlessupfprobablyshould.A．Environmentmatters,too.B．It’scheaptoproduceandbuy.C．Butthatcheapnessandabundancecomeatacost.D．Evenfoodslabeled“natural”or“organic”canbeprocessed.E．Apizzamadefromscratchcontainsminimallyprocessedfood.F．Somepeoplehaveaparticularweaknessforsaltypotatocrisps.G．Thereasonswhyupfcanbeharmfularenotalwaysclear,eventoscientists.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。E-wasteisaseriousproblemthatisn’tgoingtogetbetteronitsown.Herearesomedo-it-yourselftipsonhowtomanagee-waste.Maybethebiggestcauseofoure-wasteproblemisthefactthatwebuythingsthatwejustdon’tneed.Nexttimeyoufeellikeyouneedadeviceorelectronicitem,stopyourselfandaskifitistrulynecessary.Thisismaybealsotheeasiestwaywecanmanagee-waste.Organizeyourelectronics.Ifyoudon’tkeepyourconnectors,DVDs,wiresandgadgetsorganized,youwon’tbeawareofwhatyouhave.Whenwebuyduplicateelectronicsbecausewethinkweneedthem,wearecontributingtoourgrowinge-wasteproblem.“Howtomanagee-waste”becomeslessofanissuewhenwekeepourownhousesinorder.Ifyoudonotneedapieceofequipmentanditisingoodenoughconditiontobereused,donateitassoonasyoucansothatsomebodyelsecanuseit.Donationsaregoodforusbecausetheyareausefulwaytogettaxdeductions,andalotoftimesthattaxdeductionwillbeclosetothevalueoftheitemhadyoutriedtosellit.Takeyourelectronicsbacktothestore.Somestoresoffertrade-inprograms,whereyoucandropoffyouroldequipmentinreturnforgiftcards.Therearealsoplacestosellelectronicsthatmightbevaluabletosomebodyelse.Justbesuretosellthemrightaway,becausetheylosevalueveryrapidlyinourchangingmarket.Ifyouarefrequentlyreceivingmemorysticksandlittlegadgets,collectthemintoagood-e-bag.WheneveryounolongerneedaUSBstickorasmallelectronicdevice,tossitintothebag.Youmightbesurprisedathowquicklyitfillsup.Sobesureyouareutilizingyourmaterialsandproductsthoughtfully.WiththesetipsyoucanuseDIYsolutionstolearnhowtomanagee-waste.Yourhousewillbecleaner,youwillsavemoneyandyou’llbedoingagoodthing.40．Whatisthebiggestcauseofoure-wasteproblem?41．Howcanpeoplegettaxdeductionswhenmanaginge-waste?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Selltheelectronicsthatyoudon'tneedrightawaybecausetheearlieryousellthem,themoregiftcardsyoucanget.43．Whydoweneedtomanageoure-waste?(Inabout40words)假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Ella写信给你，询问怎样戒除吃过多不健康零食的不良习惯。请根据以下要点给她回信：1.你的看法；2.具体建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearElla,YouaskedmetogiveyouadviceonSincerelyyours,LiHua第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AnthonyPerry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A.managerheclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A.current气流；电流；B.oxygen氧气；C.wave海浪；大海；D.blood血。根据上句“Ontheplatform,sounthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A.imagine想象；B.watch看；C.shout呼喊；D.record记录。根据后句“Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。4．考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A.Hoping希望；B.Assuming假设，认为；C.Complaining抱怨；D.Recalling回忆。根据本句“hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A.Instantly立刻地；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Normally通常，平常；D.Surprisingly惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A.train火车；B.crowds人群；C.platform平台；D.rails铁路。根据上文“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A.strength体力；B.balance平衡；C.consciousness意识；D.control控制，掌管。根据本句“heworkedontheman’sheart(他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。规避，逃避；D.keepaway远离，避开。根据上句“Then,first-aidersarrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A.providing提供；B.engaging参加；C.assisting帮助；D.crediting赞扬。根据本句“anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A.generous慷慨的；B.grateful感谢的，感激的；C.courageous勇敢的；D.faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe 6.(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A【答案】11．isshown12．toinvestigate13．and【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能在学习中发挥的作用。11．考查时态语态。句意：查尔姆斯理工大学的一项调查显示了这一结果。根据句意可知谓语动词show和主语thisresult之间是被动关系，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语thisresult是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填isshown。12．考查动词不定式。句意：这项研究首次调查了学生对教育中人工智能的态度，收集了重要信息，并在一份概述报告中展示了结果。分析句子可知，空处使用不定式作后置定语修饰thefirstofitskind。故填toinvestigate。13．考查连词。句意：研究人员希望这项调查的结果能赋予学生权力，帮助他们更好地理解人工智能在学习中的作用。根据句意可知前后句子之间是并列关系，使用and连接。故填and。B【答案】14．born15．against16．truly【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极简主义的生活方式。14．考查非谓语动词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的趋势。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语was，空处要使用非谓语，主语Minimalism和bear（诞生）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用其过去分词表示被动。故填born。15．考查介词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的趋势。分析句子并根据语境可知，极简主义是选择非常简单的生活方式，因此与过度装饰和过度布置的理念大相径庭，因此需使用表示相反意味的介词against“反对；违背”。故填against。16．考查副词。句意：通过实践极简主义，人们减少了他们的财产，只留下那些让他们真正快乐的东西。分析句子可知，空处需使用副词truly（真正地）作状语修饰happy。故填truly。C【答案】17．depths/depth18．what19．where20．knew/hasknown【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Rachel对海洋奥秘的探索。17．考查名词。句意：她梦想着探索海洋的深处最深的地方，发现未知的生物。冠词修饰名词，depth“深处”，根据句意，既可以用作可数名词单数也可以用作可数名词复数，故填depths/depth。18．考查宾语从句。句意：她不顾母亲的警告，开始了一场小船冒险。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，使用what引导。故填what。19．考查定语从句。句意：一只友好的巨型章鱼出现了，引导她到一个秘密的洞穴，在那里她发现了她最疯狂的梦想之外的宝藏。空处引导定语从句，先行词cave在从句中充当地点状语，使用where引导。故填where。20．考查动词时态。句意：从这次经历中，瑞秋知道最勇敢的探索者往往能找到最大的宝藏。根据句意可知此处时态一般过去时，动词使用过去式，也可以描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填knew/hasknown。第二部分阅