2024年高考英语：热点练7 阅读理解话题生态环保（学生版）

热点练07阅读理解话题生态保护

“生态环保”是普通高中英语课程标准话题之一，亦是高考英语常考话

题。本话题包括动植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、环境污染和保护等方面。

这些话题与学生的生活息息相关，联系密切。通过对这些话题的学习以及高

考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生多注意身边的人和事、关注社会环境、

树立环保意识、学会与大自然和谐相处。

［满分技巧)

策略一：抓住文体特征：主题句：背景引入后'首句

四个部分：标题(简明揭示中心)、背景(引入)、主题(明确提出主题+详细说明)-通

过实验、研究、举例、对比等方式进行以及结尾--简要概括中心

策略二：抓关键句-首末句+作者态度句；

策略三：抓出题处：⑴在列举处命题。⑵在例证处命题(3)转折

but,yet,however,nevertheless,rather,though,although,whilejnfact,asamatteroffact,ontheother

hand5bycontrast)

⑷在比较处命题，无端的比较、相反的比较、偷换对象的比较，经常出现在干扰项中，考

生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较，才能顺利地排除干扰。

⑸在复杂句中命题，包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等，命题者主要考查考生对

句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。

(6)带总结归纳(thus,so,therefor,accordingly,consequently,asaresult,inaword,insummary,in

brief);

(7)表达观点，总括的动词(believe,think.assume,suggest,show,conclude,findthat,drawthe

conclusionthat,discoverthat);

(8)问句--设问句'反问句(问句中的内容和答案…即文章作者要介绍的主题或观点)

策略四：判断推理题

1.不能夸大事实，过度推断。

2.不能主观臆断，无中生有。

3.文中细节，事实不是推断

---------------nSi、

热点话题

环境保护

动物保护

限时检测

真题链接

Passage1

（2021全国乙卷C篇）You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7

milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakea

difference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassive

sculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-use

plasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,“apairof

1O-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfrom

severalvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlace

shoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource

（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneed

themtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Every

strawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedfbronlya

fewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60

seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"Truckloadof

Plastic,VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,which

werethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplastic

footprint.

1.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

3.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?

A.Calming.B.Disturbing.

C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

Passage2

（2020全国H卷C篇）InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.The

bridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpected

perhaps50,000peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.

Bythetime250,000wereonthebridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywas

flatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,it

wasbeginningtosway（晃动）.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsof

peoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.

ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatonce

alovelettertoengineeringandapaean（赞歌）toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor,Dr.HenryPetroski,

haslongbeenwritingaboutdisasters.Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles（航天

飞机）ChallengerandColumbia,andthesinkingoftheTitanic.

Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothought

themuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewto

considerthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagood

designisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsincompetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworks

sowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,withseeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,

suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.

Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesanda

movingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineers

canbehelpedtograspthem.

''Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailure由albrings

improvement.

5.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday?

A.Itcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.

B.Itswayedviolentlyinastrongwind

C.Itsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles

D.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.

6.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere

B.Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.

C.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign

D.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.

7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?

A.Failurecanleadtoprogress.B.Successresultsinoverconfidence

C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successcomesfromjointefforts.

8.Whatisthetext?

A.AnewsreportB.Ashortstory.

C.AbookreviewD.Aresearcharticle.

Passage3

（2020新高考II卷D篇）AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJouma!ofConsumerResearch,both

thesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.And

contrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorder

largeportions（份），it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.

Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwo

experiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabto

ostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,each

womanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfood

first.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspecially

designedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.

Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipants

followedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantly

morewhentheactorwasthin.

Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.

Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipants

followedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.

Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remaking

decisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe"I'llhavewhatshe*s

having^^effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalarge

portion,EllholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsa

lot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycantI?

9.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?

A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.

C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto?

A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.

C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.

11.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?

A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.

B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.

C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.

D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.

12.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence,,accordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.

C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.

Passage4

（2020浙江1月卷B篇）Milwaukee,Wisconsin,isroadtestinganewwaytokeepwinterroads

ice-free——byspreadingonthemcheesebrine,thesaltyliquidusedtomakesoftcheeses,like

mozzarella.

Wisconsin,alsocalled“America'sDairyland,''isfomousforitscheese.Thestateproduced

2.8billionpoundsofcheeselastyear!Asaresult,therewasalotofleftovercheesebrine.

Disposingof（处置）thebrinecanbeexpensive.Sowhatshouldcheesemakersdowiththewaste?

Normally,townsuserocksalttode-icestreets.Thesaltlowerswater'sfreezingpoint,

causingicetomelt（融化）.Butusingcheesebrinecouldhelpbothcheeseproducersandcities

savemoney,whilekeepingroadssafe.Cheesebrinehassaltinit,which,liketherocksalt,helps

lowerwater'sfreezingpoint.

Inadditiontosavingmoney,cheesebrinecouldalsobeamoreeco-friendlyoption.Many

peoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.

Rocksaltismadeofsodiumchloride,thesamecompound（化合物）inordinarytablesalt.

Soundsharmless,right?Butwhileyouprobablyaddonlyasmallamountofsalttoyourfood,

roadcrewsspreadabout20milliontonsofsaltonU.S.roadseveryyear!

Thechemicalwashesoffroadsandgoesintotheground.Thereitcanpollutedrinkingwater,

harmplants,andeatawaysoil.Byspreadingcheesebrineonstreetsbeforeaddingalayerofrock

salt,Milwaukeemaybeabletocutitsrocksaltuseby30percent.

Cheesebrinehasadownsidetoo-asmellsimilartothatofbadmilk."Idon'treallymind

it,"EmilNorbytoldModernFannermagazine.HeworksforoneofWisconsin'scountyhighway

commissionsandcameupwiththeideaofusingcheesebrine.<4OurroadssmelllikeWisconsin!”

hesaid.

24.Whycancheesebrinehelpkeepwinterroadsice-free?

A.Itissoft.B.Itcontainssalt.

C.Itiswarm.D.Ithasmilkinit.

25.Whatisabenefitofusingcheesebrineonroads?

A.Improvingairquality.B.Increasingsalesofrocksalt.

C.Reducingwaterpollution.D.Savingthecheeseindustry.

26.Milwaukee'snewwaytode-icestreetsmaybeanexampleof.

A.barkingupthewrongtreeB.puttingthecartbeforethehorse

C.robbingPetertopayPaulD.killingtwobirdswithonestone

Passage5

（2020北京B篇）BaggyhasbecomethefirstdogintheUK—andpotentiallytheworld——tojoin

thefightagainstairpollutionbyrecordingpollutantlevelsneartheground.

Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetothe

ground.Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,which

hashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglung

problems.

Conventionalairpollutionmonitorsarenormallyfixedonlamppostsataboutninefeetinthe

air.However,sinceBaggystandsataboutthesameheightasachildinapushchair（婴儿车）,she

frequentlyrecordspollutionlevelswhicharemuchhigherthanthedatagatheredbythe

EnvironmentAgency.

ThedoggydataresearchwastheideaofBaggy's13-year-oldownerTomHuntandhisdad

Matt.TheEnglishyoungsternoticedthatpollutionlevelsarearoundtwo-thirdshigherclosetothe

groundthantheyareintheairattheheightwheretheyarerecordedbytheagency.Tomhassince

reportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareat

higherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.

MattHuntsaidhewasnveryproud"ofhissonbecause“whentheboygetsanidea,hekeeps

hisheaddownandgetsonwithit,andhereallydoeswanttodosomegoodandstopyoungkids

fromgettingasthma.*'

“Tombuiltupapassionfbrenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.4tHe

becameveryinterestedingadgets（小装置）.Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftech

whichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,

whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandlethermonitorthepollution?'Sowedidit."

Tomsaid,nMostofthetime,Baggyisjustlikeanyotherdog.Butfortherestofthetimeshe

isasuperdog,andweareallreallyproudofher.1'

13.Withamonitoronhercollar,Baggycan.

A.takepollutantreadingsB.recordpollutantlevels

C.processcollecteddataD.reduceairpollution

14.WhatcanwelearnfromtheBaggydata?

A.Highplacesarefreeofairpollution.

B.Higherpushchairsaremoreriskyforkids.

C.Conventionalmonitorsaremorereliable.

D.Airismorepollutedclosertotheground.

15.WhatisTom*spurposeofdoingtheresearch?

A.Towarnofahealthrisk.B.Tofindoutpollutionsources.

C.Totesthisnewmonitor.D.ToproveBaggy'sabilities.

16.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeTomHunt?

A.Modest.B.Generous.C.Creative.D.Outgoing.

Passage6

（2021新高考I卷C篇）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,

theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtaken

careofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlers

whofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsof

waterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitious

sportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasing

populations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasingly

concernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowlandthe

wetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandover

mustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwas

designedbyJ.N."Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattime

wasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.

Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBird

ConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNational

WildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailablefbrall

generationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundto

purchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhas

beencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

29.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate“meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

31.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

32.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStoryB.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlD.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

Passage7

（2021新高考n卷B篇）IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.Spot

andStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubs

inzoosdon*tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.

I'vegottwochildren-theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigers

arriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.I

wasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.They

weighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.

Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,but

whenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.

We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlooking

likeazoo.

Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.

ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywas

theretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washing

babybottles,andcleaningthefloors.

WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjump

fences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.

Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.

I'mnotsadaboutit.Pmhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackvery

fondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.

33.Whydidtheauthorbringthetigercubshome?

A.Toensuretheirsurvival.B.Toobservetheirdifferences.

C.Toteachthemlifeskills.D.Toletthemplaywithhiskids.

34.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief'meaninparagraph3?

A.Behavebadly.B.Losetheirway.C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheirmom.

35.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?

A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Costly.D.Risky.

36.WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?

A.Theyfrightenedthechildren.B.Theybecamedifficulttocontain.

C.Theyannoyedtheneighbours.D.Theystartedfightingeachother.

Passage9

（2020全国III卷B篇）When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclast

month,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren't

theretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-body

monkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:"Thanksfornotusingrealapes

（猿）!”

Thecreativeteambehind"Apes”usedmotion-capture（动作捕捉）technologytocreate

digitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor's

performanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage（图像）.Inthis

case,oneofarealistic-lookingape.

Yet“Apes"ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimals

lately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmed

entertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberof

films,including“WaterforElephants,“TheHangoverPartII"and"ZookeeperJhavedrawnthe

angerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.

Insomecases,ifsnotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathas

activistsworried;it?stheoffsettrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.Andthere

arequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredas

closelyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.

37.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?

A.Toseefamousfilmstars.

B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.

C.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotection.

D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.

38.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Thecostofmaking"Apes.”

B•Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.

C.Thepublicityabout"Apes.”

D.Theperformanceofrealapes.

39.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"keepingtabson"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Listingcompletely.

B.Directingprofessionally.

C.Promotingsuccessfully.

D.Watchingcarefully.

40.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?

A.Theymaybebadlytreated.

B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.

C.Theycouldbetradedillegally

D.Theywouldlosepopularity.

热点练

【山西省吕梁市2021届高三5月第三次模拟】

Areporthaswarnedofa“destructive"declineinfreshwaterfish,withnearlyathird

threatenedbyextinction.Conservationgroupssaid80specieswereknowntohavegoneextinct,

16inthelastyearalone.

Thereportsaidpopulationsofmigratoryfishhavefallenbythree-quartersinthelast50years.

Overthesametimeperiod,populationsoflargerspecies,knownas“megafish”,havecrashedby

94%,InUKwaters,thesturgeonandtheburbothavedisappeared,salmonaredisappearingand

theEuropeaneelremainsextremelyendangered.

AccordingtotheWWF,muchofthedeclineisdrivenbythepoorstateofrivers,mostlyasa

resultofpollution.Besides,damsandwastewaterarealsothefactors.Ithascalledonthe

governmenttorestorefreshwaterhabitatstogoodhealththroughpropercarryingoutofexisting

laws,strengtheningprotectionsintheEnvironmentBillandchampioningastrongsetofglobal

targetsfortherecoveryofnature.

DaveTickner,fromWWE,saidfreshwaterhabitatsaresomeofthemostfulloflifeonearth,

butasthisreportshowstheyarein“destructive"declinearoundtheworld."Ifwearetotakethis

government'senvironmentalpromisesseriously,itmustgetitsacttogether,cleanupourrivers

andrestoreourfreshwaterhabitatstogoodhealth,saidtheorganization'schiefadviseron

freshwater.

CarmenRevengaofTheNatureConservancysaidfreshwaterfishareadiverseandunique

groupofspeciesthatarenotonlyimportantforthehealthyfunctioningofourrivers,lakesand

wetlands,butmillionsofpeople,particularlythepoor,alsodependonthemfortheirfoodand

income.

“It'snowmoreurgentthaneverthatwefindthecollectivepoliticalwillandeffective

cooperationwithprivateindustries,governments,NGOs（Non-GovernmentalOrganizations）and

communities,tocarryoutnature-basedsolutionsthatprotectfreshwaterspecies,whilealso

ensuringhumanneedsaremet,“shesaid.

12.Howisthesecondparagraphdeveloped?

A.Byexamples.B.Byargument.C.Byexplanations.D.Bycauseandeffect.

13.Whatisthemainreasonforfreshwaterfish*sdecline?

A.Overfishing.B.Riverpollution.C.Globalwarming.D.Naturaldisasters.

14.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Thefeaturesoffreshwaterfish.

B.Thesignificanceoffreshwaterfish.

C.Thesituationoffreshwaterhabitats.

D.Thefunctionsofconservationgroups.

15.WhatisCarmenRevenga'sattitudetowardsfreshwaterfish'sstate?

A.Indifferent.B.Ambiguous.C.Optimistic.D.Concerned.

【福建省厦门市2021届高三毕业班第三次质量检测】

It'smid-FebruaryandalongBritain'ssouthcoastgilt-headbream（媚鱼）areswimmingfrom

theopenseaintotherivermouths.Andthissummer,countrysidevisitorsthroughoutsouthern

Englandwillcatchsightofblueflashesassmallred-eyeddamselfliesflyacrossstarryponds.Both

eventsarehappeningmuchfurthernorththantheywouldhave20yearsago.

Fingerspointatclimatechange.Asareasbecometoohotordry,manywildlifepopulations

aredeclining,whilesomespeciesareshowingupinplacesthatwerehistoricallytoocoldorwet.

Ourteam,ledbyAlbaEstrada,wantedtoexplainthisphenomenon.Ifwecouldpredict

whichspeciescanandcan'tcolonise（移居于）newlocations,wecoulddecidewhicharemostin

needofconservation.

Howfarindividualanimalsorplantseedscanmovewaslongthoughttobethemost

importantfactor.Butaccordingtoourfindings,othercharacteristicsalsoturnedouttobehighly

important.Forexample,howquicklyplantsandanimalscanproduce,howwelltheycancompete

withotherspeciesforresources,andwhatkindsoffoodtheycaneatorhabitattheycanlivein.

Theresultofthisisthatwemightbeabletopredictwhichanimalswillsurviveunderclimate

change.ThewoodmouseisfoundthroughoutcontinentalEurope.Asclimatechanges,wethink

themousewillmovenorthbecauseitcanbreedquickly,liveinlotsofhabitats,hasabroaddiet,

andindividualscantravelalongway.Ontheotherhand,considertheEuropeangroundsquiiTel.

WethinkitmightstayjustinsoutheastEuropebecauseitcanonlyliveingrasslands——and

climatechangewon'tsuddenlyturnfarmsandforestsintomeadows（草坪）.

It'sencouragingtoknowthatsomespeciesaredoingwellunderclimatechange.Thereare

someheadaches,however.Thosegilt-headbreamarefeedingonthelocalshellfish,whichmight

betakingfoodawayfromthenativefish.Smallred-eyeddamselflieslookgreat,buttheycould

becomealltoocommonaroundBritishpondsandoutcompetenativespecies.Climatechangeis

onceagainposingussometrickyconservationquestions.

12.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1&2that.

A.peopleholdeventstoobservedifferentspecies

B.visitorshavedamagedthehomesofmanyspecies

C.speciespreferredextremelycoldandwetenvironment

D.climatechangemakessomespeciesmovetonewareas

13.What'sparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Whatfactorscaninfluencecolonisation.

B.Howfarindividualanim