2023年北京通州初二（下）期末英语试卷及答案

第1页/共1页2023北京通州初二（下）期末英语2023年6月学校________________班级________________姓名________________考生须知1.本试卷共10页,共五道大题,38道小题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。2.请在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。第一部分本部分共3题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Iknowtheoldman.Heisverykindandwealllike________.A.them B.her C.it D.him2.—Tom,whatdoyouusuallydo________NewYear’sEve?—Weusuallydosomeshopping.A.to B.at C.in D.on3.—MissWang,_________Ireadthestorybook?—Yes,youcan.A.must B.can C.need D.should4.Theplaywasverylong.Itdidn’tend________itwas9:30intheevening.A.if B.unless C.until D.because5.Graceis________thanbefore.Shecanfinishherhomeworkverywell.A.careful B.morecareful C.mostcareful D.themostcareful6.Theworkershavealreadyworkedfortwohours.Theymustbetired____theyneedtotakeabreak.A.so B.for C.but D.or7.—Wheredidyoubuythebag?—I________itinthenewshoppingcenternearmyhome.A.buy B.bought C.willbuy D.havebought8.—Susan,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________toanEnglishsong.A.listen B.listened C.amlistening D.waslistening9.Ifyoustudyhard,you________yourgoalsinthefuture.A.achieve B.achieved C.willachieve D.haveachieved10.I________ChineseinthisschoolsinceIcametoBeijing.A.study B.studied C.willstudy D.havestudied11.ProfessorSmith________tohelpthestudentssolvetheproblemseveryterm.A.isinvited B.wasinvited C.invites D.invited12.—Tony,canyoutellme________lastweekend?—Sure.A.whatdoyoudoonline B.whatyoudoonlineC.whatdidyoudoonline D.whatyoudidonline二、完形填空(每题l分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。MyWorkExperienceinaNursingHomeAfewweeksago,Ihadmyfirstworkexperienceinanursinghome.Iworkedalongsidethemanagerandhelpedhercarryoutdifferentgamesand__13__withtheresidents(居民,住户).WhenIarrived,myfirstworkwasto__14__theirnamesandfaces,bygoinginandtalkingtosomeofthestudents.Althoughmostofthemdidnotcommunicateeasily，itwasobvious(明显的)whichpatientswerebeginningtoshowsignsofdementia(痴呆).Firstonthelistofactivitieswasindoorboules(滚球).Itwassurprisinghowsuchasimpleactivitycouldshowsoclearlyhowthedifferentafflictions(折磨,痛苦)thatweresocommoninoldagecouldaffectaperson’sabilityto__15__simpletasks,suchasrollaballascloseaspossibletoanotherballinthemiddleoftheroom.What__16__memostwasthattheoverallwinnerwasalong-termstrokevictim(中风患者),whowasparalyzed(瘫痪的)downthelefthandsideofherbody.Isatdownwiththewinnerandshetoldmeabouthergrandchildrenandthegamestheyplayedwithherwhentheycametovisit.Shealsopraisedthehomeforthe__17__shewasreceiving.Inoticed,asshewastalkingalthoughshewasparalyzeddownoneside,her__18__wasgood,andthewordsshesaidindicated(表明,显示)that.Shewasrecoveringfromastroke,buthercognitive(认知的)abilitywasgood.Afterfinishingmywork,Iheadedhome.IwasstillthinkingeverythingIhadjustexperiencedandhowImightbeaskedto__19__nextweek.IrealizethatthemosthelpfulthingIcandoforthebenefitoftheresidentsisjustto__20__tothem.Yes,I’msurethatstayingthereforalongtime,theymustbecomelonely.13.A.dreams B.activities C.experiments D.plans14.A.learn B.forget C.choose D.paint15.A.see B.create C.know D.perform16.A.comforted B.angered C.surprised D.helped17.A.bill B.reply C.letter D.care18.A.speech B.action C.choice D.decision19.A.help B.study C.share D.bear20.A.read B.talk C.write D.sing三、阅读理解（每题2分,共26分）(一)信息匹配。下面材料分别介绍了四种体育项目的特点,请根据21—23题中对Tim,Tony和Ben的描述,将其与喜欢的相应运动匹配,并将文中每个标题前的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。ADoingSportsThefollowinginformationgiveyousomeadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentkindsofsportsactivities.TherearethreeboysinSmith’sfamily.TheyareTim,TonyandBen.Theyalllikesportsbuttheylikedoingdifferentkindsofsportsactivities.Nowpleasehelpthemchoosetheirfavoritesports.21.Timisacollegestudent.Helikesdoingneworchallengingactivitiesthattesthisabilitiesandskills.Buthedoesn’tlikedriving.Heprobablylikes________best.22.Tonyisamiddleschoolstudent.Helikesplayingsportswithothersandhewantstomakemorefriends.Hewilllike________.23.Benisaschoolboy.Helikesrunningandhasenoughtimetodosportseveryday.Hecando________.(二)信息选择。阅读下面的二篇每文.根据每文内容.从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。BTheSolverKevinlovestoreadmysterybooks.Hereadsmysterybooksbecausehelikestotrytosolvethemysteryhimselfbeforehegetstotheend.Solvingpuzzlesislikesolvingmysteries,sohelikesworkingonpuzzlestoo.Healsolikessolvingproblems.Kevincanusuallysolveanymystery,puzzleorproblem.Oneday,Kevin’smomwastryingtofindherglasses.Withoutherglasses,shecouldnotdrive.ThiswasaproblembecauseshewasgoingtodriveKevintohisfriend’shouse.Itwasalsoamysteryandapuzzle.Kevinreallywantedtosolvethismystery.Kevinsatdownwithhismom.”Wheredoyoulastrememberseeingyourglasses?”heasked.”IhadthemonwhileIwaswatchingthenewsthismorning.”shesaid.“Wherewereyouwatchingthenews?”askedKevin.Hismomthoughtforaminute,andthensheanswered,“Iwasinthefamilyroom.Irememberedsittinginmyfavoritechairandtakingoffmyglasseswhenthenewsended.IthoughtIplacedmyglassesonthetable,buttheyweren’tthere.”“Areyousureyoudidn’tputthemonagainafterthemorningnews?”askedKevin.“MaybeIdid.”hismomreplied.“Let’swalkthroughyourday,mom.”saidKevin.Kevinhadhismomdescribeeverythingsheremembereddoingduringthedaysofar.Shementionedwatchingthenews,makingbreakfast,workinginherhomeofficeandthengardening.Itwasaftergardeningthatshestartedlookingforherglasses.Afterhearingabouthismom’sday,Kevinretraced(重走)herpaththroughthehouseandyard.Helookedunderthecushion(垫子)ofherfavoritechair,inthekitchen,inherofficeandaroundthegarden.Hedidn’tfindherglasses.Kevindidn’tgiveupeasilythoughhelookedineachplaceagainandhelookedevenharder.Itwasonhissecondtogoaroundofthekitchenthathethoughttoopenthebin(储物箱)insteadofjustlookingonthecounter(柜台).Kevinsolvedthemystery,thepuzzleandtheproblem.Hefoundhismom’sglassesinthedrawer.“Thankyou,Kevin.Iwouldn’tbeabletoseeanythingwithoutyou.”saidhismom.24.Kevinlikes________.A.solvingmysteries B.watchingthenewsC.makingsuggestions D.workinginthegarden25.WheredidKevinhelphismomfindtheglasses?A.Underthecushionofthechair. B.Inthedrawer.C.Inhismom’soffice. D.Aroundthegarden.26.Kevinfoundtheglasses________.A.withhisfriend’shelpB.withhismom’sencouragementC.byreadingalotofinterestingmysterybooksD.bysearchingtheplaceshismommentionedcarefullyCGenerationMIt’s7:30pm.Lisaisdoingherhomeworkinherroom.However,homeworkisjustoneofthethingsshe’sdoingwhilehereyesarefixedonthecomputerscreen.Aswellasstudyingforherbiologyexam,Lisaisalsolisteningtomusic,chattingwithherbestfriendonline,downloadingsongs，andoccasionally(偶尔)textingpeopleonhermobilephone.“Myparentskeeptellingmenottomulti-taskwhilestudying,buttheydon’tunderstandthatithelpsmeconcentrate(集中注意力).”shesays.It’snotunusualforhumanbeingstodoseveralthingsatthesametime,butinourfast-pacedtechnologicalsocietythesituationhascometoahead.Youngpeopletodayspendnearly6.5hoursadayusingvarioustypesofmediaanddoingdifferentthingsatthesametime.Thisisthereasonwhytheyarecalledthe“multi-taskinggeneration”or“GenerationM”.Buthowdotheirbrainsdealwithmulti-tasking?Automatic(无意识的)actionslikewalkingandchattingonthephonecanbedoneatthesametime.Butwhenitcomestolearnnewinformation，multi-taskinghasabadinfluenceaccordingtotheresearches.Dividingyourattentionamongmanyactivitiesmakestheknowledgeyougainhardertouselateron.Wearenotsayingyoushouldn’tmulti-task,justdon’tdoitwhileyouaretryingtolearnsomethingnew.Accordingtoexperts,it’salsoessential(必需的)totaketimeawayfromelectronicmedia.”Atthesoundofthebell,allmystudentsreachintotheirbagsandtakeouttheirmobilephonestotextmessagestotheirfriends.Itisasifthey’reafraidofsilence.”saysCaseyRoberts,asecondaryschoolteacher.“Theirmobilephones，laptopsandgameconsoles(控制台)havebecomeextensions(延伸)ofthemselves.IreallythinkthatGenerationMshouldtaketimetorelax.There’slifebeyondthescreenandthepleasureofface-to-facecommunicationcannotbereplaced.”saysCaseyRoberts.27.YouaremostprobablycalledGenerationMif________.A.youhavedifferenthobbiesB.youaregoodatusingdifferentmediaC.youoftenarguewithyourparentsaboutdifferentthingsD.youuseelectronicmediatodoseveraldifferentthingsatthesametime28.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A.It’shardforourbrainstodealwithmulti-taskingwhenwedoautomaticactions.B.It’sharmfulforpeopletomulti-taskwhilelearningnewinformation.C.Multi-taskingcanmakepeoplelearnmorefromtheactivities.D.Multi-taskinghasmorepositiveinfluences.29.CaseyRobertsprobablyagreesthat________.A.thelifebeyondthescreenissilentB.studentsshouldstudymoreknowledgefortheexamsC.studentsshouldtaketimetorelaxbyusingelectronicmediaD.itisessentialtohaveface-to-facecommunicationalthoughthetechnologyisdevelopingDHaveyouevermadeplanswithsomeone,onlytocompletelyforgetwhenandwhereandwithwhomyouaresupposedtomeet?Momentslikethismayleadyoutobelievethatyouhavea“bad”memory,orarealreadyshowingsignsofagingandmemoryloss.However，thehumanbrainisamysteriousmachine，andourpowersofmemoryaresomeofthemostenigmaticelements(神秘的元素)withinit.Beforewecanunderstandwhatmakesamemory“good”or“bad”，weshouldunderstandhowmemoriesareformedinthefirstplace.Theprocessofmemoryformationisbrokendownintothreesteps:encoding(编码)，storageandretrieval(检索).Encodingoccurs(发生)whenwetakeinsensoryinputandchangeitintoaformthatthebraincanhandle(处理).Thesethreetypesofencodingarevisual，acousticandsemantic.Forexample,ifyouseethenameonawaitress’card,youstorethatinformationvisually(asapicture).Ifyouthenrepeatthenamealoudwhenyouspeaktothewaitress,youmayencodetheinformationacoustically.Ifshesharesthesamenameasateacher,friendoraunt,youmaystoretheinformationsemantically(linkedtoameaning)Theseencodedpiecesofinformationarethenmovedtoyourshort-termmemory(STM),wheretheycanlastfor0-30seconds，unlesstheyareshifted(转换)intolong-termmemory.Iftheinformationisthought“important”or“meaningful”,thenitwillbeshiftedintoyourlong-termmemory.Themoreyouinteract(互动)withorconsidertheinformationintheshort-termmemory,thebetterchanceitwillhaveofenteringthelong-termmemory.Storagelikethiscanprotectamemoryformanyyears.Whenyouwanttoretrieveaspecialmemory,youhavetoreachouttotheunconscious(潜意识的)levelofmemorystorage.Ifyoudon’thaveaphysicaldisease,thefailuretoremembersomethingcanbearesultofthefaultyencodingofdata(数据).Theinformationsimplyfailstomakeittothelong-termmemory.Therearemanycomplexandinterconnectedfacets(方面)ofmemory,sosimplythrowingupyourhandsandsaying,“Ihaveabadmemory”isdoingyourselfadisservice.Understandingwhatyoucandodifferentlytoincreaseyourmemoryisthefirststeptowardsimprovement.Consciouslyknowingtheworld,ratherthansimplypassingthroughit,canhelpyourbrainmoveinformationfromsensorymemoryintoshort-termmemory,andintothelong-termmemoryhelddeepanddurably(持久地)inyourmind.30.Theword“acoustically“inParagraph3probablymeans“________.”A.asasound B.asahope C.asamood D.asaproblem31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thelaststepofmemoryissensoryinput.B.Understandthemeaningishelpfultorememberwell.C.Passingthroughtheworldwithoutknowingisgoodformemoryimprovement.D.Alltheinformationwillbeshiftedintolong-termmemorysuccessfullyafterencoding.32.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatIsMemory?B.WhyDoweForget?C.HowAreMemoriesFormed?D.HowCanweMemorizeQuickly?33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tohelppeopleincreasetheirmemory.B.Toshowhisknowledgeaboutmemory.C.Tointroducethestructureofthehumanbrain.D.Totellpeopletodosomeresearchaboutmemory.第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(34-36题每题2分,37题4分,共10分)阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。TheNoblePrizesareawarded(授予)tothescientistswhomakeoutstandingcontributions（贡献)inthefieldsofchemistry，physics,literature,peace,andphysiology(生理学)ormedicine.TuYouyougottheNobelPrizeinphysiologyormedicinein2015.“IlearnedaboutitfromtheTVnews.Alittleunexpected,butalsonotquitesurprised.Thisisnotmypersonalachievement，butanawardtoalltheChinesescientistsinourgroup.Weworkedonthistogetherfordecades(数十年),sotheprizeshouldn’tbeasurprise.”Tusaid.TudiscoveredArtemisinin,adrugthathassignificantlyreducedthedeathrateofmalaria(疟疾)patients,andsavedmillionsoflivesacrosstheglobe,especiallyinthedevelopingworld.Thediscoveriesthathelpfightparasitic(寄生的)diseasesareimportantbecausethosediseasesaffecttheworld’spoorestpopulationsandrepresentahugebarrier(障碍)toimprovinghumanhealth.Tuwasbornin1930inNingbo，China，hasbeenapharmacologist（药理学家)attheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicinesince1965,nowknownastheChinaAcademyofChineseMedicalSciences.Inthe1960s,themaintreatmentsformalariawerechloroquineandquinine(氯喹和奎宁),buttheywereprovingincreasinglyineffective.In1969,Tustartedtochairagovernmentprojectaimedateradicating(根除)malariacompletely.Sheandherworkmatesexperimentedwith380extracts(提取物)in2,000candidaterecipes(候选配方)beforetheyfinallysucceededingettingthepurematterQinghaosu,laterknownasArtemisinin.JuleenR.Zierath,chairmanoftheNobelCommittee(委员会)forPhysiologyorMedicinesaidthatTu’sinspiration(灵感)fromtraditionalChinesemedicinewasimportant.Tu’swinningtheprizesignifiesChina’sprogressinscientificandtechnologicalfield,marksagreatcontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicinetothecauseofhumanhealth,andshowsChina’sgrowingstrengthsandrisinginternationalstanding.It’sahonorforTuandtheworld’srecognitionoftraditionalChinesemedicine.NowwehaveTuwinningtheNobelPrizeinphysiologyormedicine.WeshouldbemoreconfidentthatChinesescientistswillmakemorehigh-levelbreakthroughs(突破)inthefuture.34.InwhichfielddidTuYouyougettheNoblePrizein2015?35.WhydidTuYouyousayherNoblePrizeshouldn’tbeasurprise?36.WhendidTuYouyoustarttochairagovernmentprojecttoeradicatemalaria?37.DoyouthinkTuYouyoushouldwinthefirstNobelPrizeinmedicine?Whyorwhynot?Pleasegiveatleasttworeasons.五、文段表达(10分)38.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华,你们学校正在举办”难忘的经历”的主题活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件向你们班交换生Peter介绍你难忘的经历是什么,并说明原因。提示词语:football，match,help,encourage,influence提示问题: ●Whatwasyourunforgettableexperience?●Whydoyouthinkitisunforgettable?DearPeter,Howareyou?_______________________________________________________________