LymphaticSystem免疫系统课件

LymphaticSystem淋巴系统LymphaticSystem淋巴系统AccessoryofthecardiovascularsystemTransportsandfiltersthetissuefluid,produceslymphocytesandparticipatesintheimmuneresponsesLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticSystem淋巴系统HeartArteryCapillariesVeinCellTissuefluidLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticvesselLymphaticnodeLymphatictrunkLymphaticductCompositionoftheLymphaticSystemLymphaticvessel淋巴管Lymphaticcapillary毛细淋巴管Lymphaticvessels淋巴管Lymphatictrunks

（nine）:淋巴干（九条）Lymphaticducts:淋巴导管

thoracicduct胸导管rightlymphaticduck

右淋巴导管Lymphatictissue淋巴组织Lymphaticorgan淋巴器官Lymphaticnodes淋巴结Spleen脾thymus胸腺Tonsil扁桃体Lymphaticcapillary毛细淋巴管BeginblindlyThewalliscomposedofasinglelayerofoverlappingendothelialcellsTheyarenumerousandformcomplexnetworksBefundinalltissueandorgansofthebodyexceptthecentralnervoussystem,theeyeball,theinternalear,theepidermisoftheskin,thecartilage,andtheboneLymphaticvessel淋巴管HavevalvesthatgivethemabeadedappearanceTwosetsSuperficialset:lieinthesuperficialfasciaDeepset:runwithbloodvesselsandnervesPassesthroughatleastonelymphnodeandoftenseveralLymphaticducts淋巴导管RightlymphaticduckThoracicductlymphnode淋巴结Smallovalorbean-shapedbodesAfferentvesselsenterthenodeonitsconvexsurface,andafferentvesselsleavethenodeatitsconcavesurface－thehilumArrangedingroups,alongthebloodvesselsTwosetsSuperficialset:lieinthesuperficialfasciaDeepset:liewithbloodvesselsRegionallymphnodes

局部淋巴结Lymphnodesofthehead

LocatedatjunctionofheadandneckConsistofOccipitallymphnodes枕淋巴结Mastoidlymphnodes乳突淋巴结Parotidlymphnodes

腮腺淋巴结Submandibularlymphnodes下颌下淋巴结

LiesnearthesubmandibularglandReceivelymphaticvesselsfromtheface,noseandmouthsubmentallymphnodes颏下淋巴结DrainintodeepcervicallymphnodesLymphnodesoftheneckAnteriorcervicalln.

颈前淋巴结Superficialanteriorcervicalln.颈前浅淋巴结Deepanteriorcervicalln.颈前深淋巴结Prelaryngeallymphnodes喉前淋巴结Thyroidlymphnodes甲状腺淋巴结Pretracheallymphnodes气管前淋巴结Paratracheallymphnodes气管旁淋巴结LymphnodesoftheneckLateralcervicalln.

颈外侧淋巴结

Superficiallateralcervicalln.

颈外侧浅淋巴结LiealongtheexternaljugularveinDeeplateralcervicalln.

颈外侧深淋巴结ExtendalongtheinternaljugularveinLymphnodesoftheneckDeeplateralcervicalln.

颈外侧深淋巴结ExtendalongtheinternaljugularveinfromthebaseofskulltotherootofneckDividedintoSuperiordeeplateralcervicalln.颈外侧上深淋巴结Inferiordeeplateralcervicalln.颈外侧下深淋巴结Receivelymphaticvesselsfromhead,neck,tongue,larynx,cervicalpartsofesophagusandtrachea,thyroidgland,upperpartsofthethoracicwallandbreastLymphnodesoftheneckSuperiordeeplateralcervicalln.

颈外侧上深淋巴结Jugulodigastricln.颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结

LiesatthejunctionofposteriorbellyofdigastricandinternaljugularveinDrainthenasopharynx,palatinetonsilandrootoftougueJuguloomohyoidln.颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结

LiesatthejunctionoftheintermediatetendonofomohyoidandinternaljugularveinDraintheapexoftongueSpinalaccessoryln.副神经淋巴结LymphnodesoftheneckInferiordeeplateralcervicalln.颈外侧下深淋巴结Supraclavicularlymphnodes

锁骨上淋巴结

Liealongtransversecervicala.&v.Scaleneln.

斜角肌淋巴结Efferentvesselsformthejugulartrunk

颈干LeftjugulartrunkjoinsthethoracicductRightjugulartrunkjointstherightlymphaticductLymphnodesoftheneckRetrophrangealln.

咽后淋巴结LyingverticallybehindthepharynxLymphnodesofupperlimb

Cubitallymphnode

肘淋巴结

LiesabovemedialepicondyleofhumerusInfraclavicularnodes锁骨下淋巴结

(三角胸肌淋巴结)

Axillarylymphnode腋淋巴结AxillarylymphnodesAxillarylymphnodesvaryinsizefromapin-headtoalargebean.Theyarearrangedinfivegroups.AxillarylymphnodesPectorallymphnodes

胸肌淋巴结LyingalongthelowerborderofpectoralisminorbehindthepectoralismajorReceivelymphvesselsfromfromlateralandcentralpartsofbreastandsuperficialvesselsfromtheanterolateralabdominalwallabovetheleveloftheumbilicusAxillarylymphnodesLaterallymphnodes

外侧淋巴结AlongmedialsidedistalpartaxillaryveinReceiveslymphfromupperlimbAxillarylymphnodesSubscapularlymphnode

肩胛下淋巴结Lyingalongsubscapularvessels,infrontofthesubscapularisReceivesuperficiallymphvesselsfromtheback,downasfarastheleveloftheiliaccrestsEfferentsabovethreegroupspasstocentrallymphnodeAxillarylymphnodesCentrallymphnode

中央淋巴结LyinginthecenteroftheaxillaintheaxillaryfatReceivelymphfromtheabovethreenodesEfferentspasstoapicallymphnode

AxillarylymphnodesApicallymphnode尖淋巴结LyingattheapexoftheaxillaatthelateralborderofthefistribReceivelymphtheefferentlymphvesselsfromalltheotheraxillarynodesandsuperiorpartofbreastTheefferentsoftheapicalnodesformthesubclaviantrunk锁骨下干LeftsubclaviantrunkjoinsthethoracicductRightsubclaviantrunkjointstherightlymphaticductAxillarylymphnodesLateralln.Pectoralln.Subscapularln.Centralln.Apicalln.SubclaviantrunklymphnodesofthethoraxlymphnodesofthethoracicwallParasternalln.胸骨旁淋巴结Intercostalln.肋间淋巴结Superiorphrenicln.膈上淋巴结LymphaticdrainageofthoraxThelymphaticdrainageofthoracicwallToaxillarylymphnodesToparasternallymphnodes(alonginternalthoracicvessels)TointercostalslymphnodesfromdeeperstructureslymphnodesofthethoraxPulmonaryln.

肺淋巴结

LieintheanglesofbifurcationofbranchinglobarbronchiBronchopulmonaryhilarln.

支气管肺门淋巴结LieinthehilusofthelungTracheobronchialln.

气管支气管淋巴结SituatedaboveorbelowthebifurcationoftracheaParatrachealln.

气管旁淋巴结

AlongeachsideofthetrachealymphnodesofthethoraxAnteriormediastinallymphnode

纵隔前淋巴结

LiesanteriortothelargebloodvesselsofthoraciccavityandpericardiumTheefferentsunitewiththoseofparatracheallymphnodesandparasternallymphnodestoformtherightandleftbronchomediastinaltrunks

支气管纵隔干Theleftbronchomediastinaltrunkterminatesinthoracicduct,andrightintherightlymphticductPosteriormediastinallymphnodes

纵隔后淋巴结

LiealongtheesophagusandthoracicaortaLymphnodesoflowerlimbPoplitealln.

腘淋巴结EmbeddedinthefattyconnectivetissueofpoplitealfossaReceivesuperficiallymphaticvesselsfromposterolateralpartofcalf,andfromdeeplymphaticvesselsaccompanyinganteriorandposteriortibiala.Efferentspasstothedeepinguinalln.LymphnodesoflowerlimbSuperficialinguinallymphnodes

腹股沟浅淋巴结Superiorgroup

LiesjustdistaltotheinguinalligamentReceivelymphvesselsfromanteriorabdominalwallbelowumbilicus,glutealregion,perinealregion,externalgenitalorgansInferiorgroupLiesverticalalongtheterminalgreatsaphenousv.Receivesallsuperficiallymphvesselsoflowerlimb,exceptforthosefromtheposterolateralpartofcalfEfferentvesselsdrainintothedeepinguinalln.orexternaliliacln.LymphnodesoflowerlimbDeepinguinallymphnodes

腹股沟深淋巴结Liemedialtothefemoralv.Receivedeeplymphvesselsoflowerlimb,perinealregion,andefferentvesselsfromthesuperficialinguinalln.Drainintotheexternaliliacln.LymphnodesofpelvisInternaliliaclymphnode髂内淋巴结SurroundinternaliliacvesselsReceiveafferentsfrompelvicviscera,perineum,buttockandbackofthighExternaliliaclymphnodes髂外淋巴结LiealongexternaliliacarteryReceiveafferentsfromlowerlimbandsomepartsofpelvicviscera,deeplymphvesselsfromanteriorabdominalwallbelowumbilicusSacrallymphnode骶淋巴结Commoniliaclymphnode髂总淋巴结LiealongcommoniliacarteryReceiveafferentsfromalltheabovenodesEfferentpasstolumbarlymphnodeLymphnodesofabdomenLymphaticdrainageofabdominalwallAnteriorabdominalwall:SuperficiallymphvesselstoaxillarylymphnodesanddeeplymphvesselstoparasternallymphnodesfromregionaboveumbilicusSuperficiallymphvesselsfromregionbelowumbilicustosuperficialinguinallymphnodesanddeeplymphvesselstoexternaliliaclymphnodespostwallofabdomen:TolumbarlymphnodesLymphnodesofabdomenLumbarlymphnodes腰淋巴结Lieonposteriorabdominalwall,alongtheabdominalaortaandinferiorvenacavaReceivelymphfromPairedviscera:kidneys,suprarenalglands,testes,ovaries.efferentvesselsofcommoniliacnodesdraintothelumbarlymphnodes.efferentvesselsoflumbarlymphnodesformedrightandleftlumbartrunks.LymphnodesofabdomenRightandleftgastricln.

胃左、右淋巴结Liealongthesamevesselsandfinallytotheceliacln.Rightandleftgastroomentalln.

胃网膜左、右淋巴结Liealongthesamevessels,theformerdrainintosubpyloricln.,thelatterdrainintosplenicln.Suprapyloricandsubpyloricln.幽门上、下淋巴结Receivelymphaticsfrompyloricpartandfinallytotheceliacln.LymphnodesofabdomenSplenicln.

脾淋巴结Receivelymphaticsfromfundusandleftthirdofstomach,andfinallytotheceliacln.Hepaticln.

肝淋巴结Superiorpancreaticln.胰上淋巴结Celiaclymphnodes

腹腔淋巴结

SituatedaroundtheceliactrunkLymphnodesofabdomenSuperiormesentericlymphnode

肠系膜上淋巴结

Situatedaroundsuperiormesenterica.Inferiormesentericlymphnode肠系膜下淋巴结

Situatedaroundinferiormesenterica.Intestinaltrunk肠干

Formedbyefferentvesselofceliac,superiorandinferiorlymphnodes上肢尖淋巴结锁骨下干头颈颈外侧深淋巴结颈干胸部气管旁淋巴结纵隔前淋巴结胸骨旁淋巴结支气管纵隔干

＜左右＜＜左右左右腹部不成对脏器腹腔淋巴结肠系膜上淋巴结肠系膜下淋巴结肠干腹部成对脏器腰淋巴结腰干乳糜池胸导管右淋巴导管左静脉角右静脉角静脉盆髂内淋巴结髂总淋巴结下肢髂外淋巴结左右Thoracicduct

胸导管

BeginsinfrontoflowerborderofT12asadilatedsac,thecisternachyli

乳糜池,whichformedbyjoiningofleftandrightlumbartrunksandintestinaltrunkEnterthoraciccavitybypassingthroughtheaortichiatusofthediaphragmandascendsalongonthefrontofthevertebralcolumn,betweenthoracicaortaandazygosveinTravelsupward,veeringtotheleftatthelevelofT5Thoracicduct

胸导管

Attheroofoftheneck,itturnslaterallyandarchesforwardsanddescendstoentertheleftvenousangleJustbeforetermination,itreceivestheleftjugular,subclavianandbronchomediastinaltrunksDrainslymphfromlowerlimbs,pelviccavity,abdominalcavity,leftsideofthorax,andleftsideofthehead,neckandleftupperlimbRightlymphaticduct右淋巴导管Formedbyunionofrightjugular,subclavian,andbronchomediastinaltrunksEndsbyenteringtherightvenousangleReceiveslymphfromrighthalfofhead,neck,thoraxandrightupperlimbSpleen