2024高考英语冲刺试卷含解析

第26页/共26页高考模拟检测卷（一）试题英语本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthisshirt?A.It'snotworthbuying.B.It'stooexpensive.C.It'sthebestone.2.Whenshouldthemanattendthemeeting?A.2:20.B.2:40.C.3:40.3.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tocheckabooking.B.Tomakeabooking.C.Tochangeabooking.4.Whatistheman'sfeelingforthewoman?A.Angry.B.Concerned.C.Appreciative.5.What'swrongwiththewoman'smother?A.Shedoesn'tlookwell.B.Shehashighbloodsugar.C.Sheisonadiet.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabirdmarket.B.Inacoffeeshop.C.Inazoo.7.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftheparrot?A.Itisadorable.B.Itisannoying.C.Itisrare.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whodoesthemanwanttocall?A.Susie.B.Bob.C.Jackson.9.Whatistheman'snumber?A.07425900580.B.07425900850.C.07452900580.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Aroomneartheschool.B.Aroomthatislarge.C.Aroomwhoserentislow.11.Howmuchwillthewomanpayeverymonthforasharedroom?A.$950.B.$1,500.C.$200.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Leadthewomantoseesomerooms.B.Arrangeoneofhisassistantstowork.C.Signanagreementwiththewoman.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What'sthematterwiththeman?A.Hehasanaccident.B.Heisstuckontheroad.C.Heiscaughtintherain.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Neighbors.15.Whoislookingforwardtothemeeting?A.Sue.B.Tom.C.Eric.16.Howlongwillthemanbelateatleast?A.Anhour.B.Halfanhour.C.Anhourandahalf.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Waystolearnalanguage.B.TheimportanceofEnglish.C.Theefficiencyofregularstudy.18.Howlongdoexpertssuggeststudyingeveryday?A.Afewhours.B.20minutes.C.30minutes.19.Whatistherecommendedwaytolearnalanguage?A.Onetaskatatime.B.Severaltasksatatime.C.Learngrammarfirst.20.WhatwillitleadtoifonewatchesTVrepeatedly?A.Agoodcommandofthelanguage.B.Toomuchtimewasted.C.Progressonlyinpronunciation.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A·Doananonymous(匿名的)actofkindnessforsomeone.·Leaveasmilecardbehindtoencouragethemtopay-it-forward.·Shareyourstoryheretospreadtheinspiration.·hangedtheworld,onekindactatatime.ORDERSMILECARDSTorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,andyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpay-forwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstanced,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequest.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptherippledgoing!Country:*-select-Name:*________Thereisadailymaximumorderforeachcountry.Pleaseselectacountryfirsttomakesurewehavenotexceededthequota(定额)fortheday.Address:*________City:*________State:*-select-Emailaddress:*________Inspiration:*________PleasetelluswhatinspiredyoutoorderSmileCards,andgiveusanexampleofakindactyou'dliketodousingthem.PLACEsmileCARDORDERNOWABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsofkindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.1.Whencanyouuseasmilecard?A.Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching. B.Yourclassmatehaswonthefirstprize.C.You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend. D.Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.2.Toordersmilecards,youhaveto________A.payfortheminadvance B.placeabigquantityofrequestC.mailsomenecessaryinformation D.tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers3.Thepurposeofusingsmilecardsistoencouragepeopleto________A.spreadkindness B.becomevolunteersC.advertiseforKindSpring D.payothers'kindnessback【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微笑卡卡片，并讲述如何申请微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事项和背后负责的团队。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Note中的“WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind(当使用微笑卡片时，记住不要把它单独分发出去。这个想法是为别人做一些善良的事情，然后把微笑卡片留在身后)”可知，做一件善良的事情时，可以使用微笑卡，“你为一个穷朋友点了午餐”属于做的善事。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中的“PleasetelluswhatinspiredyoutoorderSmileCards,andgiveusanexampleofakindactyou'dliketodousingthem.(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子)”可知，要申请微笑卡片，需要告诉你想为别人做什么。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Note中的“sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptherippledgoing!(这样他们就知道有人向他们伸出了援手，他们也被邀请来传递这种善良，让这种行为继续下去!)”可知，使用微笑卡是鼓励人们传递善良。故选A。BIn2010,mymother-in-lawgavemeherrathersimplebutgraceful,antique“secretarydesk”.Thedeskeasilyfitintothetinyroomatthetopofthestairs.Ifeltsosecure,andconfidentwhenIsatdownandbeganeachwritingsession.Despitethedesk’sappeal,itslimitedstoragecapacitymeantthatIoftenputfilefoldersandbooksonthesmallfloorspacearoundme.Aftereachwritingsession,Ipainstakinglygatheredthetoolsofthetradeandplacedthemonanearbyshelfuntilthenextsession.Afewyearsintomywritingjourney,wemovedintoabiggerhomeandIacquiredmyownoffice.Myhusband,Billofferedonmorethanoneoccasiontobuymeanewdeskformyoffice,butIignoredhisoffer.Oneday,westoppedatthelocalofficesupplystore.Billfoundwhathethoughtwastheperfectdeskforme.“Iwanttobuythisforyou,sweetie.Mywriterneedsabiggerdesk.”Hehuggedme.“Thanks,butIdon’twantabiggerdesk!”Isaid.“Whydon’tyouwantabiggerdesk?”hesaid.“Youmustbeafraidofsomething.”“I’mnotafraidofanything,”Isaid.“LikeIsaid,Ireallylikemylittledesk.Sodon’taskmeagain.”Hedidn’t.Afewweekslater,whileworkinginmynewoffice.Ilookedaroundatthefolders,booksandpaperslyingallovermyofficefloorbutcouldn’tfindwhatneededtomeetacontestdeadline.Myheartraced.Ilookedaroundmyoffice.Theroombasicallyswallowedthetinydesk,makingitlookslightlyoutofplace.MaybeIdidneedabiggerdesk.WasBillright?WasIafraidofsomething?Unabletowrite,Ipulledc.JoyBellC.’sbookofpoetry,AllThingsDanceLikeDragonfies(蜻蜓),fromthebookshelf.Iflippedthroughitspages,andherwordsaboutfaithjumpedoffthepageintomyheart.Shetalkedabouthowshehadtrainedherselftolovethefeelingofnotknowingwhereshewasgoing,andjusttrustingthatassheopenedupherwingsandflewoffinanunknowndirection,thingswouldworkout.Atthatmoment,Irecognizedthatabiggerdesksymbolizedbiggerpossibilities,steppingoutinfaith,andleavingmycomfortzone.4.Whatwasthelimitationofthe“secretarydesk”?A.Itwastoooldtobefunctional.B.Itcompetedwiththeshelfforroom.C.Itpreventedtheauthorfocusingonwriting.D.Itwasabitsmallinsize.5.Whendidtheauthorwanttobuyanewdesk?A.Aftershewasstuckinamess.B.Whenshefinishedwritingabook.C.Whenshemovedintoabiggerhouse.D.Aftershemissedanimportantcontest.6.Whatwastheauthorafraidofbefore?A.Unemployment. B.Lossofinspiration.C.Uncertainty. D.Lackoftrust.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyWritingJourney B.OntheWingsofChangeC.MyLifelongFaith D.OntheDeskofFate【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者婆婆给了她一副古朴典雅的“写字桌”，让她感到很安全，很自信，但是丈夫觉得太小不方便工作，执意决定给她重新换一个更大一点的，作者坚持不换，觉得很有安全感。在搬进新房子之后，那个小的“写字桌”给作者带了一些麻烦，后来觉得丈夫说的话是有道理的，并且认识到一张更大的桌子象征着更大的可能性。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despitethedesk’sappeal,itslimitedstoragecapacitymeantthatIoftenputfilefoldersandbooksonthesmallfloorspacearoundme.Aftereachwritingsession,Ipainstakinglygatheredthetoolsofthetradeandplacedthemonanearbyshelfuntilthenextsession.(尽管这张桌子很吸引人，但它有限的存储空间意味着我经常把文件夹和书放在我周围的小空间里。每次写作结束后，我都煞费苦心地收集这方面的工具，并把它们放在附近的架子上，等待下一次写作)”可知，“写字桌”的局限性是在尺寸上有点小。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Ilookedaroundatthefolders,booksandpaperslyingallovermyofficefloorbutcouldn’tfindwhatneededtomeetacontestdeadline.Myheartraced.Ilookedaroundmyoffice.Theroombasicallyswallowedthetinydesk,makingitlookslightlyoutofplace.MaybeIdidneedabiggerdesk.WasBillright?WasIafraidofsomething?(我环顾了一下办公室地板上的文件夹、书籍和文件，但没有找到在截止日期前需要的东西。心跳加速。我环顾了一下办公室。这个房间基本上吞没了那张小桌子，让它看起来有点不协调。也许我确实需要一张更大的桌子。比尔说得对吗？我害怕什么吗？)”可知，在作者陷入困境之后想买一个更大的桌子。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Unabletowrite,Ipulledc.JoyBellC.’sbookofpoetry,AllThingsDanceLikeDragonlies,fromthebookshelf.Iflippedthroughitspages,andherwordsaboutfaithjumpedoffthepageintomyheart.Shetalkedabouthowshehadtrainedherselftolovethefeelingofnotknowingwhereshewasgoing,andjusttrustingthatassheopenedupherwingsandflewoffinanunknowndirection,thingswouldworkout.(写不出东西来，我从书架上拿出乔依贝尔的诗集《AllThingsDanceLikeDragonfies》。我翻着书，她关于信仰的话语从书中跃入我的心。她谈到她如何训练自己去热爱那种不知道自己要去哪里的感觉，她相信只要张开翅膀，朝一个不知道的方向飞去，一切都会顺利的)”可知，作者之前害怕的是那种不确定性。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Atthatmoment,Irecognizedthatabiggerdesksymbolizedbiggerpossibilities,steppingoutinfaith,andleavingmycomfortzone.(那一刻，我意识到，一张更大的桌子象征着更大的可能性，走出信仰，离开我的舒适区)”可知，文章最好的标题为“乘着变革的翅膀”。故选B项。CDoyouwanttolevelupyourmask-wearingwhilealsolookinglikeyou’reabouttobattlewithBatman?Thisislife-wearingRazerZephyr,awearableairpurifier.AversionofRazer’slatestappliancemadewavesinJanuaryduringtheConsumerElectronicsShow.It’snosurprisethattechcompaniesareconsideringaleapbeyondtheclothandsurgicalmasksthathavecometodefinetheCOVID-19pandemic.Ithasahardshellwithtwobeltstofitontoyourhead.Therearetwoairexchangechambers(腔)onthefront,featuringdoublecirculatingfanstohelpcirculatecoolair.ThechambersfeatureN95filters(过滤器)providingtwo-wayprotectionforyourselfandthosearoundyou.It’salsotransparent(透明的)withinsidelightsandananti-fogcoatingtohelpsolveoneofthekeyissueswithmask-wearing:watchingmouthsmovewhenyouspeak.Goodasthemaskappears,willitprotectyoufromCOVID-19?AccordingtoRazer,themaskisregisteredwiththeFoodandDrugAdministrationandlabtestedfor99%BFE,orBacterialFiltrationEfficiency,ameasureofhowwellitfiltersoutbacteria.“ItisnottestedspecificallyagainsttheCOVID-19virus,butoffersthesamefunctionalityandadequateprotectionduetoits99%BFErating,"Razer’swebsitesays.There’salsothefinancialcosttoconsider.Themaskitselfis$99,andRazersellsapackof10setsofN95filtersfor$30.Bycomparison,aquicksearchforsurgicalmasksonAmazonturnedupaboxof50masksforbetween$11-$14.“I’vetriedoutthe$99Zephyrforroughlyaweeknow.WearingtheZephyrfeelscomfortable.Theadjustableheadstraps(带)allowfortheidealfit.Aboveall,itfeelsbreathablethankstotheaircirculatingthroughitsfans.”onecommentedonAmazon.8.WhyistheZephyrmadetransparent?A.Tofixlightsinside. B.Tocirculatecoolair.C.Totesttheanti-fogcoating. D.Toexposemouthmovement.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphabouttheZephyr?A.It’sofficiallyapproved. B.It’shighlyratedbyconsumers.C.It’sspeciallydesignedagainstCOVID-19. D.It’sadequatelyprotectiveagainstallviruses.10.Whatprobablyappeal(s)tothebuyermostaccordingtothecomment?A.Itsadjustablefans. B.Itsaircirculatingsystem.C.Itscomfortableheadstraps. D.Itshighbutreasonableprice.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnInnovativeMaskMakesaHit B.SurgicalMasksAreBeingImprovedC.WearableTechnologyChangesOurLife D.ANewTreatmentforCovid-19IsontheWay【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新型口罩，它是透明的、可以净化空气并且具有防护功能。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’salsotransparentwithinsidelightsandananti-fogcoatingtohelpsolveoneofthekeyissueswithmask-wearing:watchingmouthsmovewhenyouspeak.”（它还具有透明的内部灯光和防雾涂层，有助于解决戴口罩的一个关键问题：说话时看着嘴巴移动。）可知，Zephyr被制作成为透明的是因为这样可以在说话时看到嘴巴的动作。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“AccordingtoRazer,themaskisregisteredwiththeFoodandDrugAdministration”（Razer称，该口罩已在美国食品药物管理局注册）可知，Zephyr是官方批准的。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Aboveall,itfeelsbreathablethankstotheaircirculatingthroughitsfans.”（最重要的是，由于风扇中的空气流通，它感觉透气。）可知，最可能吸引买家的是它的空气循环系统。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了RazerZephyr这种新型的口罩，它所具有的优点以及人们使用之后做出好的评价，所以“创新的口罩大受欢迎”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。DJustlikehappinessandsadness,anxietyispartofeveryone'slivedexperience—butit'snotalwaystoleratedassuch.“Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,”saysDrJoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist.“Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse.”Ifyoutrytobanishanxiety,allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind.Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.Thisisacornerstoneofacceptanceandcommitmenttherapy(ACT),whichhasbeengainingclinicalvalidation,includingbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.ACTguidespeopletoseetheirunpleasantemotionsasjustfeelingsandtoacceptthatpartso£lifearehard.Sufferersareencouragedtobeginadialoguewithanxiousthoughts,examiningtheircauseswhilealsokeepinginmindtheirpersonalgoalsandvalues.ThiswayofrelatingtoanxietyhasbeenapowerfulstrategyforJohnBateman,the52-year-oldhostofthepodcastOurAnxietyStories.Whennegativethoughtsarise,heacknowledgesthembutdoesn'tletthemdrivehisdecisions.Overtheyears,Batemanhasnoticedthatifhesubmitstohisthoughts,theydon'tgoawaybutdramaticallyincrease.Butifherecognizesthemforwhattheyare,justapassingthoughtandnotafactthatneedstobeactedon,theygraduallygoaway.Learningtolivewithanxietyisanindividualprocessandonethatrequirestrialanderrortogetjustright.Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.12.WhatmayDrJoelMindenagreeaboutanxiety?A.Itgoeshandinhandwithjoy. B.Itshouldbeseriouslytaken.C.Itiseasily-earnedexperience. D.Itisoftenimproperlytreated.13.Whatcanexplaintheunderlinedword“banish”inParagraph2?A.Ignore. B.Hide. C.Recognize. D.Control.14.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnBatemaninParagraph3?A.Toexplainastrategy. B.Todescribeaphenomenon.C.Topresentasuccessfulcase. D.Tointroduceapublicfigure.15.Whatisadvisedtodealwithanxietyinthelastpart?A.Concentratingontheprocess. B.Makinglifestyleadjustments.C.Avoidingexposuretopressure. D.Learningtogetthingsinplace.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了临床心理学家认为焦虑经常被不恰当的处理，如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，你就可以学会用自怜甚至幽默的方式来对待它。文章介绍了一种心理疗法以及应对焦虑的建议。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“'Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,'saysDrJoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist.'Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse.'(临床心理学家JoelMinden医生说：“人们常常花费太多时间和精力试图消除焦虑。我鼓励他们记住，焦虑是正常的情绪反应。”)”可知，JoelMinden医生对焦虑的看法是它经常被不恰当的处理。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.(但如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，你就可以学会用自怜甚至幽默的方式来对待它)”以及画线词后文“allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind(你所做的只是把它放在首要地位)”可知，后文提到了接受焦虑的情况，可知画线词所在句是在说明试图控制焦虑的情况，即如果你试图控制焦虑，你所做的只是把它放在首要地位。故画线词意思是“控制”。A.Ignore.忽视；B.Hide.隐藏；C.Recognize.识别；D.Control.控制。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThiswayofrelatingtoanxietyhasbeenapowerfulstrategyforJohnBateman,the52-year-oldhostofthepodcastOurAnxietyStories.Whennegativethoughtsarise,heacknowledgesthembutdoesn'tletthemdrivehisdecisions.Overtheyears,Batemanhasnoticedthatifhesubmitstohisthoughts,theydon'tgoawaybutdramaticallyincrease.Butifherecognizesthemforwhattheyare,justapassingthoughtandnotafactthatneedstobeactedon,theygraduallygoaway.(对于52岁的播客“我们的焦虑故事”主持人JohnBateman来说，这种与焦虑相关的方式是一种强有力的策略。当消极思想出现时，他会承认它们，但不会让它们驱动他的决定。多年来，贝特曼注意到，如果他听从自己的想法，这些想法非但不会消失，反而会急剧增加。但如果他认识到它们的本质，它们只是一个短暂的想法，而不是一个需要采取行动的事实，它们就会逐渐消失)”可推知，作者在第三段提到JohnBateman是为了提出一个成功的案例。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.(虽然接受是第一步，也是最重要的一步，但事实证明，一些生活方式的改变被证明可以减轻压力。由于疲劳，增加的紧张和压力使我们更容易陷入焦虑，均衡的饮食，充分的休息，特别是有规律的锻炼可以帮助我们更好地控制这种情绪)”可推知，建议调整生活方式来应对焦虑。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asisknowntous,manyentrepreneurs,eventhosewhorunatinybusinessthatamounttoself-employmentliketheirfreedomandself-relianceandthepossibilitythattheycouldbecomewealthy.____16____Consideringthebleakemploymentconditionsandgovernment’sencouragingpoliciestowardscollegestudents,itisnosurprisethatsomanygraduateschooseself-employmentinsteadoffindingajob.Self-employmentcanbringmanybenefitstothesocietyaswellastothestudentsthemselves.____17____Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.____18____Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc..____19____Foranother,oncetheyfailinmanagingwelltheirownbusiness,theymayeasilyfeeldepressedandcometoabreakdown.Asasayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Inmyview,aslongasthestudentsrealizethedifficultiesandmakefullpreparation,itisworthtryingtostarttheirownbusiness.____20____A.itisadvisedthattheyhavetostartsmall.B.Afterall,anythingshouldbetriedwhenyoung.C.Self-employmentcanalsohavedisadvantages,though.D.Hence,advantageswillariseinthecourseofself-employment.E.itistoughtobesuccessful,thuscausingawasteofsocialresources.F.Forthesociety,self-employmentcaneasethepressureofemployment.G.Self-employmentisattractingmanyanewlygraduatedcollegestudent.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了大学生自主创业的优缺点。【16题详解】根据后文“Consideringthebleakemploymentconditionsandgovernment’sencouragingpoliciestowardscollegestudents,itisnosurprisethatsomanygraduateschooseself-employmentinsteadoffindingajob.(考虑到暗淡的就业条件和政府对大学生的鼓励政策，难怪这么多的毕业生选择自主创业而不是找工作)”可知，许多大学毕业生选择了自主创业，故本句为总起句，指出自主创业吸引许多大学毕业生。故G选项“自主创业吸引了很多刚毕业的大学生”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”可知，后文提到了自主创业从学生层面出发的好处，可知本句是在说明另一个角度，故F选项“对于社会来说，自主创业可以缓解就业压力”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”以及后文“Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述了自主创业的优点，下文论述其缺点，故本句与上文构成转折，指出自主创业也有缺点，故C选项“尽管如此，自主创业也有缺点”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述自主创业的缺点，本句论述其影响。故E选项“很难成功，从而造成社会资源的浪费”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Asasayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Inmyview,aslongasthestudentsrealizethedifficultiesandmakefullpreparation,itisworthtryingtostarttheirownbusiness.(俗话说，有志者事竟成。在我看来，只要学生意识到困难，做好充分的准备，创业是值得的)”可知，本句对上文进行总结，指出作者对自主创业的看法：任何事情都应该在年轻的时候尝试。故B选项“毕竟，任何事情都应该在年轻的时候尝试”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewmonthsago,oneofmyfellowgraduatestudentswasofferedanincrediblecareer-buildingopportunity.Hiseffortsonastudent-ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad____21____aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel（专家组）.ItwouldlookgreatonhisCV（简历）.Iwashappyforhim,ofcourse.Ihadbeena（n）____22____partnerinthecampaign.IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.YetIhadn'tbeen____23____andIwasn'tsurewhy.Growingup,Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto____24____wastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.Ifmyworkwasgoodenough,itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe____25____.Thisview,coupledwithanatural____26____,meantthatI____27____workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward.However,IdecidedthatIneedto____28____mylifeagain—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.So,withmyheartbeatingfast,Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto____29____me.Mymindwasfilledwithalistofwell-practiced_____30_____.MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.Butmycolleagueimmediatelycontactedtheorganizers,whoquicklyagreedto_____31_____metothepanel.NowI'vecometounderstandthatIcan'tberecognizedformywordifI'minvisible.Thisisn'tarevolutionaryideawhichmanypeopleareunfamiliarwith.Iknow,butasanintrovert（内向的人）thisismy_____32_____MountEverest（珠穆朗玛峰）.Ithinkadvocatingformyselfwillalwaysmakemealittle_____33_____.ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingsto_____34_____I'mlivingmybestlife,likegettingflushots.IsupposeIcandothesameformy_____35_____.21.A.referredto B.ledto C.turneddown D.putforward22.A.special B.legal C.strict D.equal23.A.informed B.promoted C.invited D.received24.A.success B.practice C.power D.reality25.A.rewarded B.protected C.attracted D.affected26.A.kindness B.patience C.shyness D.courage27.A.rarely B.frequently C.quietly D.completely28.A.makesenseof B.findfaultwith C.payattentionto D.takecontrolof29.A.benefit B.include C.observe D.change30.A.agreement B.emphasis C.inspiration D.self-doubt31.A.track B.send C.hire D.add32.A.personal B.flexible C.simple D.traditional33.A.unreasonable B.uncomfortable C.dishonest D.discontent34.A.prove B.ensure C.record D.predict35.A.health B.colleague C.career D.education【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了同学获得了更好的职业发展机会，作者认为，自己也应该有同样的机会，但是，因为内向羞怯的性格阻挡了职业发展，因此，作者决心突破自己，参与到竞争中。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加基础研究的资助的运动中的努力使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。A.referredto查阅，提到；B.ledto导致；C.turneddown拒绝；D.putforward提出。根据该句中的“aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel”可知，作者的同学因为他在此次运动中的努力使（导致ledto）他受邀在专家组会议上发言。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在活动中和他是一个同样付出努力的一员。A.special特殊的；B.legal合法的；C.strict严格的；D.equal平等的。根据下文“IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.”可知，作者认为自己应该得到同样的机会，因此可推知，作者认为自己和同学做出了同等的努力，是平等的（equal）。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我没有被邀请，我也不知道为什么。A.informed通知；B.promoted提升；C.invited邀请；D.received收到。根据上文“Hiseffortsonastudent-ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad____1____aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel”可知，作者的同学被邀请发言，而自己没有被邀请（invited）。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成长的过程中，我一直被教导，成功的方法就是低头努力工作。A.success成功；B.practice实践；C.power权力，力量；D.reality现实。根据下文“Ifmyworkwasgoodenough,itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe”可知，作者一直被教导只要努力工作，就会成功并有回报。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的工作足够好的话，我会得到回报的。A.rewarded回报，奖励；B.protected保护；C.attracted吸引；D.affected影响。根据上文“Growingup,Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto____4____wastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.”可知，作者一直被教导努力工作，就会成功并有回报（rewarded）。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气推荐自己。A.kindness善良；B.patience耐心；C.shyness害羞；D.courage勇气。根据“workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward”以及下文“butasanintrovert（内向的人）”可知，作者很少鼓起勇气推荐自己，可推知作者是内向羞怯（shyness）的人。故选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气推荐自己。A.rarely很少；B.frequently频繁；C.quietly安静；D.completely完全。根据上文“Thisview,coupledwithanatural”以及下文“butasanintrovert（内向的人）”可知，作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，作者很少（rarely）鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我决定我需要重新掌控我的生活——成为我自己最大的拥护者。A.makesenseof有意义；B.findfaultwith挑剔；C.payattentionto注意；D.takecontrolof控制。根据下文“So,withmyheartbeatingfast,Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto____9____me.”可知，作者让同事询问小组的组织者把他也包括进去，因此可推知作者想克服自己羞怯的性格并掌控（takecontrolof）自己的生活。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请小组组织者把我也包括进来。A.benefit受益；B.include包括；C.observe观察；D.change改变。根据“However,IdecidedthatIneedto____8____mylifeagain—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.”可知，作者决定重新掌控自己的生活，参与竞争，因此让同事请小组组织者把他也包括（include）进来。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的脑海里充斥着一大堆练习得很好的自我怀疑。A.agreement协定；意见一致；B.emphasis强调；C.inspiration灵感；启发；D.self-doubt自我怀疑。根据上文以及下文“MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.”可知，作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，作者想突破自己加入到竞争行列时，内心充满自我怀疑（self-doubt）。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的同事立即联系了组织者，他们很快同意将我加入小组。A.track跟踪；