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美国文学史智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年美国文学史Irving
was
best
known
for
his
famous
short
stories
such
as(
)
A:Legend
of
the
AlhambraB:The
Legend
of
Sleepy
HollowC:Life
of
GoldsmithD:Life
of
Washington答案:dDespite
strong
foreign
influences,
American
romantic
writings
are
typically
American
which
can
be
revealed
in
the
following
________.(
)
A:American
type
of
characters
speaking
local
dialects
appeared
in
the
fictionB:the
American
national
experience
of
“pioneering
into
the
west”.
C:a
desire
for
an
escape
from
civilized
society
and
a
return
to
the
ennobling
nature
D:Allotheroptionsareright答案:Allotheroptionsareright1.Bornofonecommonculturalheritage,theAmericanRomanticistssharedsomecommonfeaturesof
anincreasingemphasisonthedesiretoreturntonaturewiththeEnglishRomanticists.
A:错B:对答案:错HenryJameswasnotonlyoneofthemostimportantrealistsoftheperiodbeforetheFirstWorldWar,butalsooneofthemostexpertstylistsofhistime.
A:错B:对答案:对Inthelatenineteenthcentury,althoughAmericanscontinuedtoreadtheworksofIrving,Cooper,Hawthorne,andPoe,thegreatageofAmericanromanticismhadended.
A:对B:错答案:对MarkTwain’slaterworksunmistakablyshowedhischangefromanoptimistandhumoristtoanalmostdespairingdeterminist.
A:对B:错答案:对TheAmerica’sliteraryrealismwaslimitedtooptimistictreatmentofthesurfaceoflife.
A:错B:对答案:错It
was
______
who
wrote
the
formal
declaration
of
independence.
(
)
A:Washington
IrvingB:Benjamin
FranklinC:WashingtonD:Thomas
Jefferson答案:AI参考:正确答案是:D:Thomas
Jefferson。\n句意:正是托马斯·杰斐逊写下了正式的独立宣言。根据句意可知,故选D。A.华盛顿·欧文;B.本杰明·富兰克林;C.华盛顿;D.托马斯·杰斐逊。故选D。'About
Washington
Irving,
Father
of
American
short
stories,
which
of
the
following
statement
is
right?
(
)
A:His
writings
preferred
the
Old
World
to
the
New.B:He
is
well-known
for
his
international
theme
across
the
Atlantic.C:Many
of
his
writings
focused
on
American
subjects,
landscapes,
particularly
the
legends
of
the
Hudson
River
region
of
the
fresh
young
land.D:As
a
writer,
his
taste
remained
a
democratic
and
always
exalted
a
disappearing
past.
答案:AI参考:C:Many
of
his
writings
focused
on
American
subjects,
landscapes,
particularly
the
legends
of
the
Hudson
River
region
of
the
fresh
young
land.\n\n华盛顿·欧文是美国短篇小说的开山鼻祖,他的作品以美国本土题材、风景,尤其是哈德逊河地区的传说为主题,因此选项C是正确的陈述。其他选项中,A选项关于他的作品更喜欢旧世界而不是新世界的说法是不正确的;B选项关于他以大西洋两岸的国际主题而著名也是不正确的;D选项关于他作为一个作家,品味保持民主,一直赞美消失的过去的说法也是不准确的。'Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
a
typical
feature
of
Mark
Twain’s
language?
(
)
A:His
sentence
structures
are
simple,
even
ungrammatical.B:His
characters
speak
with
a
strong
accent,
which
is
true
of
his
local
colorism.C:His
words
are
colloquial,
concrete
and
direct.
D:His
style
of
language
was
later
exerted
little
influence
on
his
descendants.答案:AI参考:A:Hissentencestructuresaresimple,evenungrammatical.\n\n这是马克·吐温语言的一个典型特征,他使用简单的句子结构,甚至有时候语法不规范,以表达自己的思想和情感。然而,句子结构的简单并不意味着他的语言不典型。其他选项B、C、D都是马克·吐温语言的其他典型特征,因此它们是正确的。所以答案是A:他的句子结构简单,甚至语法不规范。'_____
fictional
world
is
the
best
embodiment
of
the
spirit
of
Jazz
Age,
in
which
he
shows
a
particular
interest
in
the
upper-class
society,
especially
the
upper-class
young
people.
(
)
A:Eliot’sB:Fitzgerald’sC:Faulkner’sD:Hemingway’s
答案:AI参考:答案为B:Fitzgerald’s\n题目中说虚构世界是爵士乐时代精神的最好体现,他特别关注上层社会,特别是上层年轻人的生活,根据题干中提到的作者和作品,可以判断出是F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》,所以答案是B。'The
“Father
of
American
Poetry”
is
____.(
)
A:Henry
Wadsworth
LongfellowB:Philip
FreneauC:William
Cullen
BryantD:Edgar
Allan
Poe答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:Henry
Wadsworth
Longfellow。\n美国诗歌之父是亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗(Henry
Wadsworth
Longfellow),所以答案是A。其他选项如菲利普·弗瑞诺(Philip
Freneau)、威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特(William
Cullen
Bryant)和埃德加·爱伦·坡(Edgar
Allan
Poe)虽然也是美国文学的重要人物,但都不是美国诗歌之父。'The
realistic
period
is
referred
to
as
“the
Gilded
Age”
by
______.(
)
A:Henry
James
B:Emily
DickinsonC:Mark
TwainD:Theodore
Dreiser答案:AI参考:答案:A:Henry
James\n\n原文中提到“therealisticperiod”,并给出了该时期的英文翻译“镀金时代”。因此,需要找出对“镀金时代”有所描述的人或作品。选项中只有Henry
James的作品具有历史背景和现实主义风格,因此他是最有可能被提及的人。Emily
Dickinson、Mark
Twain和Theodore
Dreiser的作品虽然也有现实主义风格,但与“镀金时代”没有直接关联。因此,正确答案是A:Henry
James。'For
Hemingway’s
heroes,
man’s
greatest
achievement
is
_________.(
)
A:to
be
optimistic
under
pressureB:to
show
grace
under
pressure
C:to
share
encouragement
under
pressureD:to
keep
bravery
before
danger答案:AI参考:B:to
show
grace
under
pressure
。\n\n根据题目中的描述,对于海明威的英雄来说,人类最大的成就应该是面对压力时展现出优雅。选项A中的“乐观”与题目描述不符;选项C中的“分享鼓励”也不符合题目中的描述;选项D中的“面对危险保持勇气”也并不完全符合题意。因此,正确答案是B:面对压力展现优雅。'The
impact
of
Darwin’s
evolutionary
theory
on
the
American
thought
and
the
influence
of
the
nineteenth-century
French
literature
on
the
American
men
of
letters
gave
rise
to
yet
another
school
of
realism:
American___________
.
(
)
A:NaturalismB:vernacularismC:local
colorismD:modernism答案:AI参考:C:localcolorism\n\n达尔文的进化论对美国思想的影响和19世纪法国文学对美国文人学士的影响产生了现实主义的另一个学派:美国地方色彩主义。其中,localcolorism指的是强调文学作品或社会现象中地方特色、地域特征或民族特点的文学流派或手法。因此,正确答案是C。'Which
of
the
following
can
be
said
about
the
major
character
Yank
in
the
play
The
Hairy
Ape?
(
)
A:Yank
reflects
the
problem
of
modern
man’s
identityB:both(Yank
has
a
sense
of
belonging
nowhere,
hence
homelessness
and
rootlessness
)and(Yank
reflects
the
problem
of
modern
man’s
identity)C:Yank
is
typical
of
the
mood
of
isolation
and
alienation
in
the
early
twentieth
century
in
the
only
D:Yank
has
a
sense
of
belonging
nowhere,
hence
homelessness
and
rootlessness答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Yank
has
a
sense
of
belonging
nowhere,
hence
homelessness
and
rootlessness。\n根据题目描述,在剧本《毛猿》中,主人公Yank表现出一种无处归属、无家可归和无根无底的状态,因此选项D是正确的。选项A和B表达的意思相似,但缺乏具体的描述;选项C表达的意思是Yank是早期二十世纪孤独和异化的典型代表,但缺乏对Yank具体状态的描述。因此,正确答案是D。'Realism
was
a
reaction
against____.
(
)
A:EnlightenmentB:RationalismC:NeoclassicismD:Romanticism答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Romanticism。\n浪漫主义是对浪漫主义的一种反应。因此,答案为D,即浪漫主义。其他选项中,启蒙运动、理性主义和新古典主义都不是对浪漫主义的反应。'Mark
Twain,
one
of
the
greatest
19th
century
American
writers,
is
well
known
for
his
.
(
)
A:local
colorB:waste-land
imageryC:international
themeD:symbolism
答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:international
theme。\n马克吐温是美国19世纪最伟大的作家之一,他的作品以国际主题闻名。因此,答案为C。A选项“地方色彩”通常用于描述特定地区或文化的作品,B选项“废土意象”通常用于描述荒凉、破败的场景,D选项“象征主义”通常用于描述文学作品中隐含的意义或象征。这些选项都不符合马克吐温的作品特点。'The
American
realists
approached
the
harsh
realities
and
pressures
in
the
post-Civil
war
society
by
____.(
)
A:a
comprehensive
picture
of
modern
life
in
its
various
occupations,
class
stratifications
and
mannersB:a
disillusion
of
heroism
resulting
from
the
dark
memories
of
the
Civil
WarC:a
psychological
exploration
of
man’s
subconsciousnessD:both
(a
comprehensive
picture
of
modern
life
in
its
various
occupations,
class
stratifications
and
manners)and(a
psychological
exploration
of
man’s
subconsciousness)答案:AI参考:正确答案是:D:both(acomprehensivepictureofmodernlifeinitsvariousoccupations,classstratificationsandmanners)and(apsychologicalexplorationofman’ssubconsciousness)。\n\n根据题干中的句子“TheAmericanrealistsapproachedtheharshrealitiesandpressuresinthepost-Civilwarsocietyby__.”可知,本题考查的是对美国现实主义文学在南北战争后社会中的描绘,即全面描绘现代生活的各种职业、阶级分层和礼仪以及心理探索人的潜意识。因此,选项D中的“both...and”符合题意,表示两者都做了。选项A、B、C中都只提到了一个方面,不符合题意。因此,答案为D。'Moby
Dick,
the
big
white
whale,
is
possibly
read
as
symbolic
of
all
the
following
EXCEPT____.(
)
A:beautyB:malignancyC:adulteryD:God答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:God。\n在《白鲸》中,MobyDick被象征为邪恶的象征,而不是代表上帝。因此,选项D是正确答案。其他选项A、B、C都与MobyDick的象征意义相符。因此,正确答案是D:God。'During
Ezra
Pound’s
later
period,
his
poetry
is
more
concerned
about
________.(
)
A:the
contemporary
cultural
decay
and
the
possible
sources
of
cultural
renewalB:the
familiar
poetic
subjects
of
the
beginning
of
the
20th
centuryC:the
problems
of
the
ancient
cultureD:the
familiar
poetic
subjects
of
the
19th
century
Romanticism
答案:AI参考:正确答案是:A:the
contemporary
cultural
decay
and
the
possible
sources
of
cultural
renewal。\n根据题干中的关键词“laterperiod”和“moreconcernedabout”可知,本题考查的是后期埃兹拉·庞德诗歌更关注的内容。根据常识和诗歌创作的规律,后期诗歌更关注的是当下文化的衰落以及文化复兴的可能来源,因此选项A“当代文化衰落和文化复兴的可能来源”符合题意。其他选项与题干中的关键词不符。因此,答案为A。'T.S.
Eliot
is
not
only
a
poet
but
also
a
______.(
)
A:churchmanB:criticC:statesmanD:novelists答案:AI参考:答案为B:critic。\n题干中提到T.S.Eliot不仅是一位诗人,而且还是一位评论家,而选项中只有critic符合题意,因此答案为B。A选项churchman意为教士,C选项statesman意为政治家,D选项novelists意为小说家,都不符合题意。因此,正确答案是B。'As
a
philosophical
and
literary
movement,
Transcendentalism
flourished
in
New
England
from
the
1830s
to
(
)
A:1890B:1914C:1900D:the
Civil
War
答案:AI参考:答案为C:1900\n根据常识可以得知Transcendentalism兴盛于美国19世纪30年代至19世纪末,而且经过南北战争之后,又恢复繁荣,因此正确答案为C,即1900年。\n\n解析:\n本题考查的是对Transcendentalism作为哲学和文学运动的兴起和衰落时间的了解。根据常识可以得知,Transcendentalism是在新英格兰地区从19世纪30年代开始盛行的一种哲学和文学运动,经过南北战争之后,它又恢复繁荣。因此,选项C(1900年)是正确答案。选项A(1890年)和B(1914年)太晚,选项D(南北战争)是Transcendentalism衰落的时间,因此都不正确。'Sigmund
Freud’s
interpretation
of
dreams
and
the
theories
of
_____
have
infused
modern
American
literature
and
made
it
possible
for
most
of
the
writers
in
the
modern
period
to
probe
into
the
inner
world
of
human
reality.(
)
A:William
James’
“archetypal
symbol”
and
Carl
Jung’s
“individual
consciousness”B:Carl
Jung’s
“stream
of
consciousness”
and
William
James’
“collective
unconscious”
C:William
James’
“stream
of
consciousness”
and
Carl
Jung’s
“collective
unconscious”D:Carl
Jung’s
“archetypal
symbol”
and
William
James’
“individual
consciousness”答案:AI参考:正确选项是C:William
James’
“stream
of
consciousness”
and
Carl
Jung’s
“collective
unconscious”。\n\n根据题干中的描述,SigmundFreud对梦的解释以及WilliamJames和CarlJung的理论对现代美国文学产生了影响,使得现代时期的作家能够探索人类现实的内心世界。其中,WilliamJames提出了“streamofconsciousness”的理论,而CarlJung则提出了“collectiveunconscious”的理论。因此,选项C是正确的。其他选项中提到的理论并未在题干中提及,因此不正确。'In
his
novels,
Faulkner
creates
his
own
kingdom
that
mirrors
_________.(
)
A:the
sense
of
loss
and
despair
among
the
post-war
generation
and
the
decline
of
the
whole
American
societyB:the
spiritual
wasteland
of
the
Southern
society
and
the
decline
of
the
whole
American
societyC:the
frivolity
and
carelessness
of
the
young
generation
and
the
sense
of
loss
and
despair
of
the
whole
society.D:the
decline
of
the
Southern
society
and
the
spiritual
wasteland
of
the
whole
American
society答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:the
decline
of
the
Southern
society
and
the
spiritual
wasteland
of
the
whole
American
society。\n福克纳的小说创造了他自己的王国,这个王国反映了南方社会的衰落和整个美国社会的精神荒原。因此,选项D是正确的。其他选项都与福克纳小说的主题不符。'Which
of
the
following
is
not
right
about
Mark
Twain's
style
of
language?
(
)
A:His
style
of
language
had
exerted
rather
deep
influence
on
the
contemporary
writers.
B:His
humor
is
remarkable
and
characterized
by
puns,
straight-faced
exaggeration,
repetition
and
anti-climax.C:His
words
are
colloquial,
concrete
and
direct
in
effect.
D:His
sentence
structures
are
long,
ungrammatical
and
difficult
to
read.
答案:"AI参考:通过对题目选项的分析,可以得出答案为D:Hissentencestructuresarelong,ungrammaticalanddifficulttoread.(马克吐温的句子结构冗长、语法不规范且难以阅读)。其他选项均是正确的描述,A选项提到了他的语言风格对当代作家产生了深刻的影响,B选项描述了他的幽默风格,以双关、一本正经的夸张、重复和反高潮为特点,C选项则描述了他的口语化、具体和直接的语言效果。然而,D选项则是一个负面的描述,指出他的句子结构冗长、难以阅读。因此,D选项是唯一不正确的描述。"“The
Adventure
of
Huckleberry
Finn”
is
the
masterpiece
of_____.(
)
A:Henry
James
B:Robert
Lee
FrostC:Stephen
CraneD:Mark
Twain答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Mark
Twain。\n马克·吐温是美国文学史上最杰出的作家之一,他的作品深受读者喜爱。《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是他的代表作,因此答案为D。其他选项中的作家都不是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的作者。'New
England
Transcendentalism
is
unanimously
agreed
to
be
the
summit
of
the
Romantic
period
in
the
history
of
American
literature.
And
the
chief
spokesman
of
this
spiritual
movement
is(
)
A:Henry
Wordsworth
LongfellowB:Henry
David
ThoreauC:Walt
WhitmanD:Ralph
Waldo
Emerson
答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Ralph
Waldo
Emerson
。\n\nNew
England
Transcendentalism是新英格兰超验主义,是美国文学史上浪漫主义时期的巅峰,其主要代表人物是拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生(Ralph
Waldo
Emerson)。因此,选项D是正确答案。其他选项中的诗人如亨利·华兹华斯·朗费罗(Henry
Wordsworth
Longfellow)、亨利·大卫·梭罗(Henry
David
Thoreau)和沃尔特·惠特曼(Walt
Whitman)虽然在文学史上也有重要地位,但并不是新英格兰超验主义的主要代表人物。'_____
is
now
recognized
not
only
as
a
great
poetess
on
her
own
right
but
as
a
poetess
of
considerable
influence
upon
American
poetry
of
the
present
century.
(
)
A:Anne
BradstreetB:George
Eliot
C:Emily
DickinsonD:Emily
Brontё答案:AI参考:正确答案是:C:Emily
Dickinson。\n由文中的“agreatpoetess”可知此处指一位伟大的女诗人,根据后文可知作者把这位女诗人不仅仅看作是“她自己的一位伟大的女诗人”,而且看作是“本世纪美国诗歌中颇有影响的诗人”。再结合四个选项可知C项“EmilyDickinson艾米莉·狄金森”与题意相符。因此答案为C。'The
modern
stream-of-consciousness
technique
was
frequently
and
skillfully
exploited
by
_______
to
emphasize
the
reactions
and
inner
musings
of
the
narrator.
He
captured
the
dialects
of
the
Mississippi
characters,
including
Negroes
and
the
redneck,
as
well
as
more
refined
and
educated
narrators
like
Quentin.
(
)
A:FaulknerB:SteinbeckC:FitzgeraldD:Hemingway答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:Faulkner。\n本题考查文学常识,根据题干中的关键词“现代的意识流技巧”和“强调叙述者的反应和内心想法”可以判断这是对福克纳的介绍。福克纳是美国现代主义文学的代表人物之一,他的作品多采用意识流的手法,强调人物的内心世界和情感变化。因此,选项AFaulkner是正确答案。BSteinbeck是现实主义文学代表人物,CFitzgerald是“爵士乐时代”代表人物,DHemingway是“迷惘的一代”代表人物。所以,这三项均不符合题意。因此,正确答案是A:Faulkner。'
The
desire
for
an
escape
form
society
and
a
return
to
nature
became
a
permanent
convention
of
American
literature,
evident
in
____.(
)
A:Mark
Twain’s
Huckleberry
FinnB:James
Fenimore
Cooper’s
Leatherstocking
TalesC:Henry
David
Thoreau’s
WaldenD:Allotheroptionsare
right答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:Henry
David
Thoreau’s
Walden\n文中指出回归自然、逃避社会的渴望成为了美国文学的一个永久性惯例,从亨利·大卫·梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》中可以看出。所以答案是C。'________
of
the
1920s
was
characterized
by
frivolity
and
carelessness
and
brought
vividly
to
life
in
The
Great
Gatsby.
(
)
A:The
American
RenaissanceB:The
Lost
GenerationC:The
Jazz
AgeD:The
Harlem
Renaissance答案:AI参考:正确答案是B:The
Lost
Generation。\n这道题考察的是对文学时期和作品的了解。选项A是美国文艺复兴时期,选项B是迷惘的一代,选项C是爵士乐时代,选项D是哈林文艺复兴时期。在二十世纪二十年代,迷惘的一代的特点是轻浮和粗心,这在大亨·西迪的传记中得到了生动的展现。因此,正确答案是B。'It
was
a
sort
of
first
attempt
at
writing
his
masterpiece
_______,
(1925)
which
made
Fitzgerald
one
of
the
greatest
American
novelists.
(
)
A:Tender
is
the
NightB:Tales
of
the
Jazz
AgeC:This
Side
of
ParadiseD:The
Great
Gatsby答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:The
Great
Gatsby。\n根据题干中的描述,这是一个写作他杰作的第一尝试,并且这使得Fitzgerald成为最伟大的美国小说家。因此,这个第一尝试应该是Fitzgerald的代表作之一。根据选项中的四个作品,只有D选项《了不起的盖茨比》符合这个描述,因此答案是D。\n\nA选项《轻敲暮钟》是一部关于心理变态的小说,与题干描述不符。B选项《爵士时代的故事》是一系列短篇小说集,也不符合题干描述。C选项《天堂之侧》是一部历史小说,也不符合题干描述。因此,只有D选项《了不起的盖茨比》符合题干描述,是正确答案。'The
most
important
representatives
of
American
transcendentalism,
which
once
flourished
in
New
England
as
a
philosophical
and
literary
movement,
are
_________.(
)
A:Emerson
and
Whitman
B:Hawthorne
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