人教版中考二轮复习课件专题9第5节其他句式

第5节其他句式1.语法填空。根据下面短文内容和提示,在短文的空格处填上一个语法最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。Oneday,arabbitwalkedbyandmetaturtle.Therabbitlaughedattheturtleandsaid,“

①

slowlyyouwalk!Let’s

have

a

race

and

then

you

will

know

how

fast

I

run.”

Muchtotherabbit’ssurprise,theturtleacceptedandsaid,“

②

aninterestingraceitwillbeandIwilltrymybest!”Everyonethoughttherabbitissuretowin.Atfirst,therabbitranfastandlefttheturtlefarbehind.

Whentherabbitgottothehallwaypointandcouldn’tseetheturtleanywhere,hesaidproudly,“Mr.Turtle,runquickly,andIwilltakeashortnapnowtowaitforyou.”Allthistimetheturtlekeptwalkingstepbystepandhenevergaveupnomatter

③

hotandtiredhegot.

④

timefliesand

⑤

hard-workingtheturtleis!Whentherabbitwokeupfromhisnap,theturtlehadreachedthefinishline.

①

How

②

What

③

how

④

How

⑤

how

2.知识回顾。短文中,填写的词是

感叹词

,跟后面的句子一起用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感,这样的句子称作

感叹句

,以感叹词

what

(空格②)和

how

(空格①、③、④、⑤)来进行引导。

短文中,加粗的句子是

祈使句

,用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。常常省略

主语

,用

动词原形

开头。

考点1

感叹句(一)由what引导的感叹句what引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。what意为“多么”,用作定语,修饰

名词

。单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。其句子结构可分为以下三种:

1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)!如:Whatagoodgirlsheis!

What

an

interestingbookitis!

2.What+形容词+可数名词复数+(主语+谓语)!如:

What

goodstudentstheyare!

What

beautifulflowerstheyare!

3.What+形容词+不可数名词+(主语+谓语)!如:

What

badweatheriti!

What

importantnewsitis!

(二)由how引导的感叹句how引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。how意为“多么”,用作状语,用来修饰形容词或者副词。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用实义动词。其句子结构也分为三种:1.How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!如:

How

quicklyheruns!

2.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)!如:

How

beautifulagirlsheis!

3.How+主语+谓语!如:Howtimeflies!光阴似箭!(三)做题小窍门※口诀:形名相连用what,形名不连用how,what选定后,还需关注名词的数。如:Howbeautifulagirlsheis!(形容词beautiful与名词girl不连,中间有冠词a,所以用how)Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!(形容词beautiful与名词girl相连,所以用what)考点2

祈使句(一)祈使句的特征祈使句无主语,

主语you常省去;动词原形谓语当,

句首加don’t否定变。

(二)祈使句的结构1.肯定结构(1)Do型——动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。如:Pleasewritedownyourname.

Please

open

the

window.

请开窗。(2)Be型——Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分。如:Becareful!小心!

Be

a

good

kid!

要做一个好孩子!(3)Let型——Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。如:

Let

me

help

you.

让我来帮你。

2.否定结构(1)Do型和Be型的否定式:在句首加don’t。如:Don’tclosethedoor,please.

Don’t

be

late

for

class!

上课不要迟到!(2)Let型的否定式有两种:①Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他。如:

Don’t

let

him

go.

别让他走。②Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他。如:

Let

him

not

go.

别让他走。(3)有些祈使句可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的行为。“No+名词或动名词”结构表示禁止某种行为,一般用于指示、标牌、布告等。如:

No

smoking!

禁止吸烟!

No

photos!

禁止拍照!

(三)祈使句用于两个重要句型中

如:Readmorebooks,

and

youwillhaveabetterunderstandingoflife.

如:Listentotheteachercarefully,

or

youcan’tfollowherwell.

试比较:Hurryupandyou’llcatchthetrain.=Ifyouhurryup,you’llcatchthetrain.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llmissthetrain.※(四)祈使句的答语祈使句表示命令、要求等语气,是中考听力常考话题。回答祈使句要用将来时态。如:—Pleaseremembertotakethedogoutforawalkeveryday.—

Yes,

I

will.

—Don’ttakeyourmobilephonetoschool!—

Sorry,

I

won’t

(五)辨析如何区分祈使句和动名词作主语Ⅰ.单项选择。(

C

)1.

afreshspringmorningitis!(2022·重庆A卷)

A.Who

B.WhyC.What D.How(

D

)2.—Wepickedapplesonthefarmandhadfunyesterday.—

wonderfuldayitwas!(2022·广西梧州)

A.How B.HowaC.What D.Whata(

B

)3.—HaveyouheardthatMr.Zhangsavedhisneighborfromabigfirelastnight?—Yes.

bravetheyoungmanis!(2022·内蒙古)

A.Whata B.HowC.What D.Howa(

C

)4.

excitingsingingcontesttheyhadyesterday!

A.What B.HowC.Whatan D.Howan(

C

)5.—Thelittleboyisonlythreeyearsold,buthecanmemorizeabout50poems.——

talentedboyheis!

A.How B.HowaC.Whata D.What(

A

)6.—OurschoolvolleyballteamwonfirstprizelastFriday.—Wow,

greatnews!(2023·黑龙江绥化)

A.what B.whatanC.how D.howan(

B

)7.

usefulknowledgetheastronautinTiangongClassroomhastaughtus!(2023·辽宁营口)

A.How B.WhatC.Howa D.Whata(

C

)8.

inwhatyouwant,andAItoolscancreatepicturesinminutes.(2023·江苏徐州二模)

A.Typing B.TotypeC.Type D.Typed(

D

)9.Sandy,

tobehereat8o’clock.

A.issure B.issurethatC.willbesure D.besure(

D

)10.

methetruth,orI’llbeangry.

A.Telling B.TotellC.Told D.TellⅡ.用what或how填空。1.

How

finetheweatheris!

2.

What

aninterestinglessonthestudentsarehaving!

3.

How

bravetheChinesepeopleare!

4.

What

beautifuldressestheseare!

5.

What

averyfunnystoryhetoldus!

Ⅲ.完成句子。1.多么精彩的舞狮表演啊!(2023·广东广州二模)How

wonderful

theliondanceis!

2.Wearmoreclothes,oryo