2017年4月自考00600高级英语试题及答案含解析

高级英语年月真题

0060020174

1、【单选题】Sucha___________proposalwouldnevergetthroughParliament.

popular

detailed

A:

reasonable

B:

radical

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.popular的意思是“受欢迎的”；B.detailed的意思是“细节的”；C.

reasonable表示“合理的”；D.radical表示“激进的”。因此选D.radical，“激进

的”。全句翻译：如此激进的提案是无法得到议会通过的。

2、【单选题】He________himselffromhospitalagainsttheadviceofdoctors.

removed

separated

A:

discharged

B:

liberated

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.remove的意思是“去除”；B.separate的意思是“分开”；C.discharge表

示“出院”；D.liberate表示“解放”。因此选C.discharge，“出院”。全句翻译：

他未遵医嘱擅自出院。

3、【单选题】Nooneknowswhetherachild’s________towardsfatnessisinherited

orduetothefoodheeats.

tendency

possibility

A:

progress

B:

movement

C:

答D:案：A

解析：A.tendency的意思是“趋势”；B.possibility的意思是“可能性”；C.

progress表示“进步”；D.movement表示“活动”。因此选A.tendency，“趋势”。全

句翻译：没有人知道儿童肥胖的趋势是归因于遗传还是饮食。

4、【单选题】ThefalloftheBerlinWall______theendoftheColdWarbetween

EastandWest.

showed

explained

A:

symbolized

B:

announced

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.show的意思是“表明，证明，展示”；B.explain的意思是“讲解，解释”；

C.symbolize的意思是“象征，代表”；D.announce的意思是“宣布，宣告”。全句翻

译：柏林墙的倒塌标志着东方与西方冷战的结束。全句翻译：没有人知道儿童肥胖的趋势

是归因于遗传还是饮食。

5、【单选题】Ifchildrenweremadetofeel_________tootherchildrentheir

confidencedeclined.

close

inferior

A:

related

B:

indifferent

C:

答D:案：B

解析：A.close的意思是“亲近的”；B.inferior的意思是“低劣的;下级的，下等

的”；C.related表示“相关的”；D.indifferent表示“漠不关心的”。因此选B.

inferior“低劣的”。全句翻译：如果总是让孩子觉得低人一等，则他们的自信心便会

下降。

6、【单选题】Thefrequentpolicychangesinthecompanyhavecreated

growing_________amongemployees.

distraction

distrust

A:

distinction

B:

disposal

C:

答D:案：B

解析：四个选项都是名词。A.distraction的意思是“分心，注意力分散”；B.distrust

的意思是“不信任”；C.distinction表示“区别”；D.disposal表示“处置”。因此

选B.distrust，“不信任”。全句翻译：公司政策的频繁改变使员工对公司越来越缺乏信

任。

7、【单选题】Howcanyou______yourfurcoatandyourloveofanimals?

reconcile

compare

A:

comprehend

B:

recognize

C:

答D:案：A

解析：四个选项都是动词。A.reconcile的意思是“使和好，使和解”；B.compare的意

思是“比较”；C.compehend表示“理解”；D.recognize表示“识别，认出”。因此选

A.reconcile，“和解，兼顾”。全句翻译：你怎样解释你既爱皮草又爱动物？

8、【单选题】WhenIwasyoungand_______Ibelieveditwaspossibletochangethe

world.

realistic

indulgent

A:

idealistic

B:

intelligent

C:

答D:案：C

解析：四个选项都是形容词。A.realistic的意思是“现实的”；B.indulgent的意思是

“放纵的”；C.idealistic表示“理想的”；D.intelligent表示“聪慧的”。因此选C.

idealistic，“理想的”。全句翻译：我年轻时非常理想化，那时我相信能改变世界。

9、【单选题】Ifthegoodsprove________，thecustomerhastherightto

compensation.

defective

durable

A:

low-priced

B:

mass-produced

C:

答D:案：A

解析：四个选项都是形容词。A.defective的意思是“有瑕疵的”；B.durable的意思是

“持久的”；C.low-priced表示“价格低廉的”；D.mass-produced表示“大量生产

的”。因此选A.defective，“有瑕疵的”。全句翻译：如果经证实产品确实有瑕疵，消

费者有权所要赔偿。

10、【单选题】Thegovernmentwasaccusedof_________militaryoperationsagainst

theregime.

efficient

enough

A:

successful

B:

covert

C:

答D:案：D

解析：四个选项都是形容词。A.efficient的意思是“高效的”；B.enough的意思是“足

够的”；C.successful表示“成功的”；D.covert表示“隐蔽的”。因此选D.covert，

“隐蔽的，秘密的”。全句翻译：政府被指控采取秘密的军事行动以推翻政权。

11、【单选题】Janesawamassofbodies________roundonthedancefloor.

running

shaking

A:

jumping

B:

whirling

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.run的意思是“跑步”；B.shake的意思是“摇动”；C.jump表示“跳跃”；D.

whirl表示“旋转”。因此选D.whirl，“旋转”。全句翻译：简看到很多人在舞池中旋

转起舞。

12、【单选题】Thisartificialfabrichasthe_______ofmilk.

stature

texture

A:

signature

B:

mixture

C:

答D:案：B

解析：A.stature的意思是“声望”；B.texture的意思是“质地，结构”；C.

signature表示“签名”；D.mixture表示“混合”。因此选B.texture，“质地”。全句

翻译：这种人造纤维拥有牛奶一样的质感。

13、【单选题】Davidstillsufferedthe_________ofhavingbeenrejectedforthe

army.

evidence

experience

A:

B:

stigma

record

C:

答D:案：C

解析：A.evidence的意思是“证据”；B.experience的意思是“经验，经历”；

C.stigma表示“耻辱”；D.record表示“记录”。因此选C.stigma，“耻辱”。全句翻

译：大卫仍然由于参军遭拒而蒙羞。

14、【单选题】Mary’sfatheris________whetherornottoacceptthenewjobthat

he’sbeenoffered.

meditating

expecting

A:

challenging

B:

deliberating

C:

答D:案：D

解析：A.meditate的意思是“沉思”；B.expect的意思是“期待”；C.challenge表示

“挑战”；D.deliberate表示“权衡”。因此选D.deliberate，“权衡”。全句翻译：

玛丽的父亲正在权衡是否接受这份提供给他的新工作。

15、【单选题】They_______aroundinthedark,tryingtofindtheirwayoutofthe

cinema.

fumbled

toured

A:

sniffed

B:

turned

C:

答D:案：A

解析：A.fumble的意思是“摸索”；B.tour作为动词，表示“观光”；C.sniff表示

“嗅”；D.turn表示“转动”。因此选A.fumble，“摸索”。全句翻译：他们在黑暗中

摸索，试图走出电影院。

16、【单选题】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Whatmightbethereasonfor

somepeopletochoosebraingames?

Itiseasiertoobtainthegamesthaneverbefore.

Thequalityofthegamesisrecognizedworldwide.

A:

Thedevelopmentofthegameindustryhasbeensuccessful.

B:

Theyaremadetobelievetheagingpreventioneffectsofthegames.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：文章第一段第二句讲述了如何使大脑保持灵敏的方式，即登陆充斥着大脑游戏的网

站或者下载手机app，玩这类游戏不到20分钟，你便能增强记忆，减缓心智衰老。接着文

章指出，这一方法其实正是繁荣的游戏产业背后的游戏公司想让你信以为真的。所以人们

选择大脑游戏的原因是D，即人们被说服相信游戏具有能够预防衰老的功效。

17、【单选题】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Theword“inexorable”in

Paragraph1means_________.

inevitable

incidental

A:

inconvenient

B:

inadequate

C:

答D:案：A

解析：inexorable的意思是“不可动摇的，不能变更的”。选项中，A.inevitable表示

“不可避免的”；B.incidental表示“偶然发生的”；C.inconvenient的意思是“不方

便的”；D.inadequate的意思是“不充足的”。因此，与inexorable词义最相近的是A.

inevitable，“不可避免的”。

18、【单选题】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”Whichofthefollowingisthe

mainideaofParagraph2?

Peoplearenaiveabouttheeffectsofbraingames.

Itispeople’sgreatestconcerntokeepfitmentally.

A:

Peoplearemisledaboutthepowerofbraingames.

B:

Itisdifficulttoprovethepositiveeffectsofbraingames.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：第二段的第一句是本段的主题句。该句指出“Concreteproofaboutthe

benefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby…”意思是很难找到确切的证据来证明大

脑游戏的益处。因此选择D.很难证明大脑游戏的积极效果。

19、【单选题】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle

doesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snot

kindofagimmick，”hesays.“I’mascientist.”WecanlearnfromParagraph3

that______.

braingamesdonotfunctionwellinmentaltraining

A:

itisunreasonabletoignorethebenefitsofbraingames

thebenefitsofbraingamesmightnotbethesameasbelieved

B:

moreauthoritativestudiesonbraingameswillbeconducted

C:

答D:案：C

解析：第三段主要讲述大脑游戏的好处。专家指出，心智游戏虽然不一定能减缓衰老，但

是也能够对大脑产生影响。本段最后一句进一步指出：反复玩一个游戏教会你如何玩游戏

以及如何玩得更好，但并非一定有其他多大好处。因此选择C.大脑游戏的好处可能和我们

想的不一样。

20、【单选题】（1）It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasin

college.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,and

within20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslow

theinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhat

thecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?

（2）Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,experts

say,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehaving

agoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucould

dosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter.，”says

RandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLab

attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”（3）

That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsof

mentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain-justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslows

itsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmental

trainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhat

researcherscall“transfer.”_Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandover

againteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarily

muchelse._（4）“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.If

youwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,"saysUrsula

Staudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.

_Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatin

generalthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableof

doingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”_（5）Brain-gamedesigners,not

surprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,a

largebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhis

company’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace._“Ourbasic

intentionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,

"hesays._Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,found

thatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23

peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeen

peer-reviewed.（6）Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown一revenuetopped$1

billionin2012andisprojectedtohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareport

fromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.More

than70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawithering

statementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanford

CenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld，arguedthat

claimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequently

exaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”_Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathat

thegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist._

（7）Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun-

whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’s

noquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,which

offerssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50

millionmembersin2013.（8）Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplaying

thegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelse

thatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability._Mostresearchersagreethat

theactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise._

Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrain

includehealthydietarychoices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.（9）

Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethat

thescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngle