Unit2+Out+of+this+world+Grammar+and+usage+课件 【知识精讲精研】高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit2OutofthisworldGrammarandusageUnderlinethesubjectsofthefollowingsentences.1.Davidarrivedlastnight.2.Whoisspeaking,please?3.Twowillbeenough.4.Lookingupallthenewwordsinthedictionarytookhimalotoftime.5.Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.6.Howtodowellisanimportantquestion.7.Whathashappenedprovesthatourpolicyisright.n.pron.num.v-ingtodotodophrasesentencesubjectclauseSubjectclauses(主语从句)在复合句中，如作主语的是一个从句，该从句被称为主语从句。主语从句必须用陈述语序。theearthmovesaroundthesun

iswellknown.hewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.连接词ThatWhether1.连词that/whetherthat不做成分，不表意思，不能省略。whether不做成分，表意思“是否”。Hedoesn’tknow_____________youwillleave.3.Itmakesnodifference

youwillgo

todayortomorrow.1.________he'llcomethiseveningisuncertain.2.It’suncertain_________he’llcomethisevening.Whetherwhether/ifwhether4.他不确定你什么时候走。Whatheisnotsureis_________youwillleave.whetherwhether/if主语从句中用whether不用if

的情况：1.主语从句位于句首时;

2.从句后有or或紧跟ornot时。5.____youworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.If宾语从句中whether和if

可互换，表语从句、同位语从句用

whether不用if.条件状语从句用

if不用whether.英译中：Whowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.Whatyouneedismorepractice.Whichoneisthebestisnotclear.Whoevercomesfirstwillgetafreebook.Whateverhedidwasright.Whichever

teamgainsthemostpointswins.连接词谁会被派出去还不知道。

你所需要的(东西)是更多的实践。

哪一个是最好的还不清楚。

无论谁第一个到(任何第一个到的人)都会得一本免费书。

他做的任何事情都是对的。无论哪个队获得最多分就算赢。2.连接代词who/what/which/whoever/whatever/whicheverwho/whoever引导名词从句的区别：who引导的表“一件事”，whoever引导表“一个人”连接代词做主干成分，表意思，不能省略。中译英：他们什么时候会来还没有公布。他去了哪里还是个问题。为什么会有重力难以理解。他能如何在英国谋生依然还是一个问题。

theywillcomehasn'tbeenmadepublic.hehasgoneisaquestion.thereisgravityishardtounderstand.hecanearnalivinginBritain

remainsabigproblem.when,wherewhy,how3.连接副词连接词WhenWhereWhyHow连接副词引导名词从句，在句中作状语，表意思。主语从句的时态1.Whatcausedthecaraccident

______

unknown.2.Wherewewillgo

________________（decide)yet.hasn’tbeendecided小结：1.主现从现，主过从过，从“理”从现2.从句一般不受主句时态的影响。remains3.ItisthefirsttimethatMrSmith_________(visit)theSummerPalace.hasvisited4.ItwasthefirsttimethatMrSmith_________(visit)theSummerPalace.hadvisited谓语动词的数6.Whatweneed

______

morebooks.1.Whowonthematch

_____stillunknown.5.Whatshelacks

______

experience.2.Whatyousaid

______perfectlytrue.3.Whenandwhyhewillleavethere_____unknown.4.Whatyousaidandwhatyoudid______allright.waswasiswereiswere一个主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。多个主语从句后的谓语动词用复数形式。一个主语从句的几个方面也用单数形式。what引导的主语从句，谓语动词的数由后面的表语决定。1.很明显他已经知道了真相。2.他们是否能完成任务还不确定。3.他们什么时候来还没有决定。

_____isobvious______hehasknownthetruth.____isuncertain_________theywillfinishthetasks.____hasn’tbeendecided_____theywillcome.ItthatItwhetherItwhenit作形式主语主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首,从句为真正的主语，放在句末，使句子更平衡。It+be+形容词

+that从句certainclearimportantnecessaryprobablepossible常用句型有：Itis/was+that–clauseit作形式主语2.It+happens/seems/appears/proves/turnsout等不及物动词/连系动词

+that从句。Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.3.It+be+名词(词组)

+that从句pity，wonder，honourshameduty，factItis/wasa+that–clause4.It+be+V-ed+that从句saidreportedthoughthopedbelievedknownItis+that–clause5.Itstruck/hit/occurredtosb

+that从句

某人突然想到7.Itmakesondifference+that从句...没有影响6.Itdoesn’tmatter+that从句...是无关紧要的中译英：1.很遗憾他错过了这么好的机会。2.据说他是班上最用功的学生。3.碰巧我那天外出了。4.我们都不知道谁会告诉我们最新信息。5.你往左转或往右转都没有关系。1.Itwasapitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2.Itissaidthat

hestudieshardestinclass.3.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.4.Itisunknowntousallwhowilltellusthelatestinformation.5.Itdoesn’tmatterthatwillyouturnleftorright.表建议尚未成为事实，常用虚拟语气suggested，advisedorderedrequested，requiredItis/was+that–clauseshoulddonecessaryimportantstrangenatural

Itis+that–clauseshoulddo表说话人的意见、要求，常用虚拟语气虚拟语气中译英：1.大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。2.按照命令，这台收音机要立刻送到那里去。1.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteroneortwoforeignlanguages.2.Itisorderedthattheradioshouldbesentthereatonce.2.引导主语从句的词有：连词________________________________

________________________________

连接代词________,_________,_________,____________________________________

连接副词_____,______,

_____,

_____等。____________________________________3.主语从句常用____作形式主语放句首,从句

为_____________，放在句末。1.主语从句在复合句中作句子的______。主语that/连接作用/无意义/无成分/不可省whether/if/连接作用/有意义/无成分/不可省whenwherehowwhywho(ever)what(ever)it真正的主语which(ever)连接词连接作用/有意义/有成分：主宾表/不可省连接作用/有意义/有成分：状语/不可省4.注意事项：主语从句的时态：谓语动词的数：虚拟语气的运用：形式主语常用句型：if/whether区别：语法填空中主语从句如何选择引导词不缺必要成分缺必要成分连接代词（what,who,which,whom,wh-ever,whose）缺意思不缺意思when/why/where/how（表“是否”用if/whether）that缺什么意思，就填什么词！I.用适当的连接词填空。1.______struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.2.______hewillrefusetheofferisunlikely.3._________we'llgocampingtomorrowornotdependsontheweather.4._____theancientEgyptiansbuiltthePyramidspuzzledpeopleforcenturies.5.Itisnotyetclear______brokethewindowof

theclassroom.6._______hewillcomebackfromFranceisunknown,andIwillcheckthetime.7.Itispossible_____Bobwillbepresentatthemeetingtomorrow.8.______teamwillwinthegameisdiffi