考研英语阅读十八计智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

考研英语阅读十八计智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年考研英语阅读十八计【原文】Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices"thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.deWaal'sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeys.wereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnfor:itsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.题目23.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausetheyare（）。

A:niceinbothappearanceandtemperament.B:moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions.C:moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget.D:attentivetoresearchersinstructions.答案:moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget【原文】Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant'ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.21.Priestly

criticizes

herassistant

forher[A]lackofimagination.

[B]poorbargainingskill.

[C]obsessionwithhighfashion

[D]insensitivitytofashion

A:obsessionwithhighfashion

B:poorbargainingskill.C:

lackofimagination.

D:insensitivitytofashion答案:insensitivitytofashion【原文】Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon'ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.题目29.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?（）。

A:Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.B:Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.C:Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.D:Takesomelegislativemeasures答案:"AI参考:正确答案是：D:Takesomelegislativemeasures。根据原文“Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwonttakethelegislativeinitiative，Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.”可知，仅仅进行科学研究是不够的，如果政府不采取立法措施，国会应该帮助制定保护措施。因此，选项D“采取一些立法措施”是正确的。其他选项都没有在原文中提到或与原文不符。"【原文】Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn'tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawaken

ustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth'satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel'sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceAboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit'sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknow

forsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybe

toolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.题目30.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause（）。

A:theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer.B:theybothsufferedfromthegovernmentSnegligence.C:alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer.D:bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse.答案:AI参考:题目30.作者将全球变暖问题与吸烟问题联系起来，是因为：C:一个从吸烟问题中吸取的教训可以应用到全球变暖问题上。\n\n原文中提到，科学家们一直认为吸烟会危害我们的健康，但一些人持怀疑态度，认为证据还不够充分，科学也不确定。类似地，现在科学家们也试图唤醒人们警惕全球变暖这个日益严重的威胁。两者都是公众关心的问题，并且作者提到，科学提供我们未来最好的指南，并且科学为我们提供了有关现在行动的未来后果的最佳判断，这也暗示了可以从吸烟问题中吸取的教训应用到全球变暖问题上。因此，选项C“一个从吸烟问题中吸取的教训可以应用到全球变暖问题上”是正确的解释。'[原文]Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleepwhenmostvividdreamsoccur一asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr.ErircNofzingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved,thelimbicsystem(the“emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet.“WewakeupfromdreamshappyOrdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday,"saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.题目32.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow（）。

A:itsfunctioninourdreams.B:therelationofdreamstoemotions.C:itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex.D:themechanismofREMsleep.答案:AI参考:正确答案是B:therelationofdreamstoemotions。\n文章提到丽姆皮系统（the“emotionalbrain”）在REM睡眠时特别活跃，而前额叶皮层（thecenterofintellectandreasoning）相对安静，由此推断作者在描述丽姆皮系统的作用时，主要是在强调梦与情感的关系。因此，选项B是正确答案。其他选项都与文章内容不符。'【原文】Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago，Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears;bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”—therandombyproductsoftheneuralrepairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line.”Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.“It'syourdream,"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit”题目31.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams（）.

A:canbemodifiedintheircourses.B:aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges.C:arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs.D:reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears.答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:canbemodifiedintheircourses.\n根据文章第三段的描述，研究人员现在认为梦是可以被修改的，这是一种深入心灵的自我调节器，能够调节心情，而在大脑“关闭”时发生。因此，答案为A。B选项中的“易受情感变化”与文章内容不符；C选项中的“随机修复产物”与文章内容不符；D选项中提到的“内心深处最深层的欲望和恐惧”在文章中没有提到。'[原文]Attheendoftheday,there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingor“wewakeupinapanic,"Cartwrightsays.Terrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople'sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist,Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeeling,Sleep—orratherdream—onitandyou’llfeelbetterinthemorning.题目35.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavebaddreams?（）。

A:Exerciseconsciouscontrol.B:Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.C:Leadyourlifeasusual.D:Seekprofessionalhelp.答案:AI参考:题目35.卡特赖特可能会给那些有时做噩梦的人什么建议？（）\n\nA.有意识地控制自己。\nB.在白天避免焦虑。\nC.像往常一样过自己的生活。\nD.寻求专业帮助。\n\n答案：D。根据文章中的句子